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Articles 63301 - 63330 of 73947

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Celibacy And The Child Sexual Abuse Crisis, Thomas G. Plante Sep 2002

Celibacy And The Child Sexual Abuse Crisis, Thomas G. Plante

Psychology

Celibacy has received a great deal of media attention recently due to the well-publicized sexual abuse crisis in the U.S. Roman Catholic Church. The Boston Globe reported in January 2002 that a Roman Catholic priest had sexually abused 138 children over 30 years as a parish priest and that religious superiors including Cardinal Bernard Law knew about the sexual abuse allegations and did nothing to stop them. After national and international media began to investigate these and other allegations of child sexual abuse committed by priests, within just a few months approximately 255 American priests including several bishops were accused …

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Emotional Episodes Facilitate Word Recall, Paula T. Hertel, C. Parks Sep 2002

Emotional Episodes Facilitate Word Recall, Paula T. Hertel, C. Parks

Psychology Faculty Research

Dysphoric and nondysphoric college students described self-generated images of themselves interacting with the referents of neutral nouns; the nouns were paired with adjectives that changed their emotional meaning (e.g., cruise ship, cargo ship, sinking ship). On the subsequent unexpected test, the nouns from emotional pairings were more frequently recalled than were those from neutral pairings, regardless of their valence or congruence with the students' mood. An examination of the initial descriptions revealed that emotional images were more distinctive, but not in a pattern correlated with recall of the corresponding nouns.

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The Nature And Scope Of Intra-Cultural Variation On Psychological Dimensions, Anu Realo, Jüri Allik Sep 2002

The Nature And Scope Of Intra-Cultural Variation On Psychological Dimensions, Anu Realo, Jüri Allik

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Much of the research in cross-cultural psychology is done using countries (national cultures) as main units of comparison, disregarding other important characteristics of the participants such as their ethnicity, language, religious or territorial affiliation. Thus, despite the fact that there exist clearly distinguishable sub-cultures within many countries or national cultures, they are often regarded as uniform and homogenous entities in cross-cultural research. In many cases, as we will argue in this paper, such approach is rather justifiable. In doing so, however, one should always be aware of large intra-cultural diversity which can be found in many countries all around the …

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Trends. Husbands, Wives, And Terrorism: The Validity Of Beliefs And The Threat Of Interpretive Strategies, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Trends. Husbands, Wives, And Terrorism: The Validity Of Beliefs And The Threat Of Interpretive Strategies, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses threat assessment via linguistic analysis.

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Trends. A Room With A Cue: Validating An Age-Old Intelligence Tool?, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Trends. A Room With A Cue: Validating An Age-Old Intelligence Tool?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the psychological implications of the choices regarding physical features of a given individual’s environment (e.g., a person’s office).

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Special Article: Recommendations For Optimal Personnel Security In The Cyberworld, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Special Article: Recommendations For Optimal Personnel Security In The Cyberworld, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article considers the social construction of recommendations for personnel security in the context of a global cyberworld.

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Gaba A/A1 Receptor Site Involvement In The Hyperphagic Effect Of Benzodiazepine Administration In Squirrel Monkeys, Angela Nicole Duke Aug 2002

Gaba A/A1 Receptor Site Involvement In The Hyperphagic Effect Of Benzodiazepine Administration In Squirrel Monkeys, Angela Nicole Duke

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Angela Nicole Duke on August 17, 2002.

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Trends. Aviation Terrorism's Winning Hand, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Trends. Aviation Terrorism's Winning Hand, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses aviation security, terrorism, and the psychology behind pilot motivations for opting out of flying members of the Israeli government to Israel.

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Trends. Medicalizing Terrorism As Part Of The Solution Or Part Of The Problem: More On The Moussaoui Case, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Trends. Medicalizing Terrorism As Part Of The Solution Or Part Of The Problem: More On The Moussaoui Case, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the context of the medicalization of psychology, using the case of Zacarias Moussaoui and the 9/11 terrorist attacks as context.

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Personality And Psychobiography, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Personality And Psychobiography, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes Issues related to the construct of personality and the construct's application to understanding, predicting, and influencing people.

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Evaluation Of A Treatment Program For An Adult Outpatient Client At A Community Mental Health Center, Kristi A. Baese Aug 2002

Evaluation Of A Treatment Program For An Adult Outpatient Client At A Community Mental Health Center, Kristi A. Baese

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this case study was to review the literature and determine what treatment modality would best work for the client chosen with the diagnosis of Dependent Personality Disorder. While reviewing the literature, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) appeared to be the treatment that worked the best. This 39 year-old Caucasian female presented with a number of complaints, including difficulties in forming non-abusive relationships, low self-esteem and possible depression, possible panic attacks and difficulty relating to and parenting her 12-year-old daughter. A treatment plan was developed and the client attended weekly sessions with the therapist. CBT was used to work on …

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Assessment Of Problem-Solving Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy And An Ssri In The Treatment Of A Single Subject Presenting With Major Depressive Disorder And Dysthymia, Jennifer Miller Aug 2002

Assessment Of Problem-Solving Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy And An Ssri In The Treatment Of A Single Subject Presenting With Major Depressive Disorder And Dysthymia, Jennifer Miller

Theses and Dissertations

After diagnosis, a review of the literature was conducted to determine empirically supported treatments for depression. Based upon this review, this study examined and evaluated the effectiveness of various treatments determined in the current literature to be the best practice in treating depression in adults. The subject was a 44 year old Caucasian woman who initiated treatment voluntarily following a referral made by her primary care physician. This study was conducted in a community-based agency. A diagnosis of depression and dysthymia was reached through an initial intake interview and use of the DSM-IV. Best practice methodology was determined through an …

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Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Treatment Program With A Latency-Aged Male Child, Michael Calavetta Aug 2002

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Treatment Program With A Latency-Aged Male Child, Michael Calavetta

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of a therapeutic treatment program for a latency-aged male child. This eight-year old child presented with several problem areas. These included poor academic performance, attention difficulties, symptoms of depression and acting out behaviors. The client also had a long standing history of family dysfunction and instability. The client participated in a multimodal treatment program consisting of individual and family counseling, as well as a school-based partial care intervention program. The client also received Adderall and Zoloft. The Connor's ADHD Scales, Children's Depression Inventory, and a Patient Satisfaction Survey were administered …

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Trends. Too Good To Be True As The Good And The True: The Political Psychology Of The Con, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Trends. Too Good To Be True As The Good And The True: The Political Psychology Of The Con, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the psychology of cons (confidence games), or swindles.

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Trends. For Homeland Security, Against A Department Of Homeland Security, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Trends. For Homeland Security, Against A Department Of Homeland Security, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses national security as well as the addition of a new department – the Department of Homeland Security – as a psychological and political tactic.

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Musings On One Who Got Away: Personnel Security, Counterintelligence, And Edward Lee Howard, Ibpp Editor Aug 2002

Musings On One Who Got Away: Personnel Security, Counterintelligence, And Edward Lee Howard, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes several concerns with the United States Government's (USG) approach to minimizing betrayal by its personnel who are entrusted with security clearances, special access to sensitive information, and sensitive positions.

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The Ahimsa Acculturation Scale: A New Measure Of Acculturation For Adolescents In A Multicultural Society, C. Anderson Johnson, Paula Palmer, Jennifer B. Unger, Peggy Gallaher, Sohaila Shakib, Anamara Ritt-Olson Aug 2002

The Ahimsa Acculturation Scale: A New Measure Of Acculturation For Adolescents In A Multicultural Society, C. Anderson Johnson, Paula Palmer, Jennifer B. Unger, Peggy Gallaher, Sohaila Shakib, Anamara Ritt-Olson

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Acculturation has been associated with adolescent health-risk behaviors. Most acculturation scales are inappropriate for adolescent surveys because they are too long, are not applicable to differing ethnic groups, or are language-based only. A brief, multidimensional, multicultural acculturation measure for adolescents was developed. Sixthgrade students (N = 317) in Los Angeles completed that scale and other measures of acculturation. The Acculturation, Habits, and Interests Multicultural Scale for Adolescents (AHIMSA) generates four subscores: United States Orientation (Assimilation), Other Country Orientation (Separation), Both Countries Orientation (Integration), and Neither Country Orientation (Marginalization). Three of the subscales were correlated with the subscales of a modified …

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Three Factors That Contribute To College Students' Acceptance And Tolerance Of Diversity: Religiosity, Moral Reasoning And Attributional Complexity, Tara Clemons Aug 2002

Three Factors That Contribute To College Students' Acceptance And Tolerance Of Diversity: Religiosity, Moral Reasoning And Attributional Complexity, Tara Clemons

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The responsibilities of teachers today include not only teaching academics but often include teaching about acceptance, diversity, and societal values as well. This study proposes that several factors, which may be involved in this teacher role of acceptance and tolerance of diversity, are connected—including the teacher's level of moral reasoning, attributional complexity, and religiosity. Subjects included 181 teacher education majors at Western Kentucky University. The subjects completed the Defining Issues Test, Attributional Complexity Scale, general diversity survey, and a measure of religiosity. Findings include a significant correlation between the level of attributional complexity and moral reasoning and attributional complexity as …

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Social Intelligence: Social Skills Competence And Emotional Intelligence In Gifted Adolescents, Lisa Corso Aug 2002

Social Intelligence: Social Skills Competence And Emotional Intelligence In Gifted Adolescents, Lisa Corso

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Two schools of thought diverge into an ongoing debate as regards to the social intelligence of gifted youth. One view holds that the gifted are often maladjusted (Chronbach, 1960; Hollingworth, 1942). The contrary view is that they are more likely to be well adjusted, with overall above average social and emotional intelligence (Allen, 2000; Chesser, 2001; Kihlstrom & Cantor, 2000; Neihart, 1999). The current research is consistent with views supporting enhanced overall social and emotional intelligence of gifted youth. Some researchers have argued that emotional intelligence and social skills competence are subsets of social intelligence (Chesser, 2000; Greenspan, 1979; Kihlstrom …

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The Viability Of The Implicit Association Test Applied To Attitudes Toward Individuals With Disabilities And Measurement Of Coworker Attitudes Toward Individuals With A Disability, Andrea Doyle Aug 2002

The Viability Of The Implicit Association Test Applied To Attitudes Toward Individuals With Disabilities And Measurement Of Coworker Attitudes Toward Individuals With A Disability, Andrea Doyle

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Attitudes toward individuals with disabilities were examined using two different methods: (a) the Implicit Association Test assessing general implicit attitudes and (b) a vignette study assessing coworker attitudes. The Implicit Association Test was used in an attempt to replicate Tringo's Hierarchy of Preference using five exemplar disabilities: (a) Cancer, (b) Paraplegic, (c) Mental Illness, (d) Alcoholic, and (e) HIV Positive. The results did not support a replication of the Hierarchy of Preference. Three dimensions of disabilities were manipulated for the vignette study. These dimensions were the overtness of the disability, the level of risk associated with the disability, and response …

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Children's Understanding Of Racial Classifications As A Function Of Their Knowledge Of Inheritance, Jason Glerum Aug 2002

Children's Understanding Of Racial Classifications As A Function Of Their Knowledge Of Inheritance, Jason Glerum

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Many studies have examined how children categorize various objects but few studies have looked at how children categorize race. Research shows that adults tend to essentialize race; that is, they treat race as a natural kind (Madole, Keleman, Glerum & Webb, 1999). Do children treat race in the same manner? This study examines how preschool children, second grade children, and fourth grade children treat race. Children were presented with stories and pictures describing a transformation to a person's racial characteristics (that is, a change in external appearance from white to black or black to white features) and asked to what …

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Emotional Intelligence, Social Competence, And Success In High School Students, Amanda Crick Aug 2002

Emotional Intelligence, Social Competence, And Success In High School Students, Amanda Crick

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The relationship between emotional intelligence, social competence, and success was investigated. Success was operationally defined as elected leadership within a school group, club, or organization. The study sample consisted of 31 males and 89 females ages fourteen to seventeen years (grades 9 through 11) from three counties in south-central Kentucky. Student participants were characterized as Leaders, Joiners, or Non-Joiners of school groups and were asked to complete the BarOn Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version (BarOn EQi:YV) (BarOn & Parker, 2000), which assessed emotional intelligence, and the Social Skills Rating System - Secondary Student Form (SSRS) (Gresham & Elliott, 1990), which …

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Behaviorally Disruptive Children's Reasoning About The Emotional Consequences Of Victimization, Kim Van Zee Aug 2002

Behaviorally Disruptive Children's Reasoning About The Emotional Consequences Of Victimization, Kim Van Zee

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A sample of 58, 6 to 12 year-old children drawn from admissions to a local psychiatric hospital were read stories depicting acts of victimization and questioned about how both victims and victimizers would be feeling. Participants were randomly assigned to either imagine themselves as victimizers in the stories, or victimizers were presented as hypothetical characters. Acts of both physical and psychological harm were portrayed in which the victimizer either obtained a tangible gain or no gain was received. Children in the self-as-victimizer condition attributed fewer positive emotions and gave more moral rationales than did children in the hypothetical condition who …

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Analysis Of Zebrafish Optic Tectum Visual Processing Before And After Optic Nerve Crush, Angela Mcdowell Aug 2002

Analysis Of Zebrafish Optic Tectum Visual Processing Before And After Optic Nerve Crush, Angela Mcdowell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The visual system processes information at various levels. Initial processing takes place in the retina, which then sends information to the optic tectum, the first visual brain center in lower vertebrates, for further processing. There were two main goals of this study. The first goal was to obtain tectal evoked responses (TER) from adult zebrafish and to compare them to previous electroretinogram (ERG) spectral sensitivity data (Bilotta & Harrison, 1999). The second purpose of this study was to examine neural regeneration in the adult zebrafish at various times post-crush and to compare visual processing of these subjects to the normal …

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The Role Of Implicit Racial Attitudes And Universal Orientation In Cross-Racial Face Recognition, Gordon Campbell Aug 2002

The Role Of Implicit Racial Attitudes And Universal Orientation In Cross-Racial Face Recognition, Gordon Campbell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The "other-race" effect refers to the common observation that individuals are better at remembering faces of their own race than faces of another race. The relevance of the "other-race" effect to social interaction between people of different races and eyewitness identification of criminal suspects has spurred much research into uncovering the nature of the asymmetry between recognition of own- and otherrace faces. So far, however, many attempts to consistently demonstrate factors that contribute to the "other-race" effect have failed. One of the factors that may play a role in the "other-race" effect, but has yet to be shown to do …

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Trying To Understand The Different Pieces Of The Construct Validity Puzzle Of Assessment Centers: An Examination Of Assessor And Assessee Effects, Filip Lievens Aug 2002

Trying To Understand The Different Pieces Of The Construct Validity Puzzle Of Assessment Centers: An Examination Of Assessor And Assessee Effects, Filip Lievens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study examined the effects of assessor-related factors (i.e., type of assessor) and assessee-related factors (i.e., type of assessee profile) on the construct validity of assessment center ratings. In particular, 3 types of assessors (26 industrial/organizational [I/O] psychologists, 20 managers, and 27 students), rated assessee performances that varied according to cross-exercise consistency (i.e., relatively inconsistent vs. relatively consistent) and dimension differentiation (relatively undifferentiated vs. relatively differentiated). Construct validity evidence was established for only one assessee profile and only in the I/O psychologist and managerial samples. More generally, these results indicate that 3 factors (poor design, assessor unreliability, and especially cross-situational …

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Social Anxiety: Attentional Bias In Reaction To Emotional Faces Before And After Participation In A College Level Public Speaking Course, Scott Walter Maieritsch Aug 2002

Social Anxiety: Attentional Bias In Reaction To Emotional Faces Before And After Participation In A College Level Public Speaking Course, Scott Walter Maieritsch

Dissertations

This study was designed to examine the effectiveness of a semester-long public speaking course in reducing the self-reported levels of communication anxiety and social anxiety among college students enrolled in such a course. The current study also sought to replicate and extend a recent line of research that has demonstrated that highly socially anxious individuals show an attentional bias away from emotional faces under conditions of social-evaluative threat. The current study extended this line of research by conducting the same reaction time procedure with participants in a pretest/post-test design. The project was designed to determine if groups (rating high vs. …

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The Effects Of Childhood Social Competence On Young Adults Interpersonal Competence In Dyadic And Family Relations: An Exploratory Analysis, Gwen Renae Pursell Aug 2002

The Effects Of Childhood Social Competence On Young Adults Interpersonal Competence In Dyadic And Family Relations: An Exploratory Analysis, Gwen Renae Pursell

Master's Theses

The majority of peer relations research focuses on the short and long term effects of childhood peer rejection and aggression for development. The importance of social competence and more specifically, its long term effects on development have not been as thoroughly examined within the peer research. In this 20 year follow-up investigation, preadolescent social competence, peer rejection, and aggression scores were used to predict adult measures of dyadic adjustment, family environment, and family expressiveness. In addition, both preadolescent peer relation scores and concurrent adult dyadic and family scores were used to predict offspring emotion regulation abilities, internalizing and externalizing symptomatology, …

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Reading Mastery Versus Word Study Instruction As It Pertains To Third Graders' Reading Achievement Scores, Mia Sullivan Aug 2002

Reading Mastery Versus Word Study Instruction As It Pertains To Third Graders' Reading Achievement Scores, Mia Sullivan

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study was conducted in order to compare two phonics-based approaches to teaching reading. The two approaches were Reading Mastery (SRA Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, 1995) and Word Study (Bear et al. 1996). While Reading Mastery has been compared to other reading methods to examine the effectiveness of instruction with reading achievement measures, there are no studies that compare Word Study to other methods of reading instruction. The purpose of the present study was to compare Reading Mastery and Word Study instruction groups in terms of reading achievement scores. This study included 36 third grade students, 18 in each group. All students were …

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Traditional And Nontraditional Foster Parenting, Angela M. Baranzelli-Yoder Aug 2002

Traditional And Nontraditional Foster Parenting, Angela M. Baranzelli-Yoder

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Foster parents in nontraditional foster care programs receive more extensive, ongoing training and support than foster parents in traditional foster care programs. This study examined whether differences exist in the levels of perceived parenting stress, satisfaction, and efficacy among traditional and nontraditional foster parents. Twenty-four foster parents completed the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Parenting Sense of Competence scale (PSOC). Nontraditional foster parents reported higher levels of overall parenting stress and lower levels of foster parent role satisfaction than did traditional foster parents. However, response profiles indicated that nontraditional foster parents had children with more emotional and behavioral problems …

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