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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Juvenile Fear Of Crime And Attitudes Towards The Police: The Effect Of Implementing A School Resource Officer Program In Alaska High Schools, Sean A. Case May 2005

Juvenile Fear Of Crime And Attitudes Towards The Police: The Effect Of Implementing A School Resource Officer Program In Alaska High Schools, Sean A. Case

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper presents data concerning the effect uniformed police officers have on attitudes towards the police and fear of crime within the high school setting. Two identical surveys were administered to 522 high school students at two periods during a school year. The primary purpose was to determine whether placing uniformed police officers, called School Resource Officers, in high schools would improve attitudes towards the police and reduce the fear of crime. Although opinions towards the police were positively affected and the fear of crime was reduced, neither was affected significantly. The primary implication drawn from this research is that …

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Mixing Motives: The Relationship Between College Students' Helping Behaviors And Alcohol Use, Randy Lee Halberda May 2005

Mixing Motives: The Relationship Between College Students' Helping Behaviors And Alcohol Use, Randy Lee Halberda

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study investigates the relationship between volunteer helping and alcohol use and drinking problems in a sample of 396 college students. Two pilot studies were conducted to adapt a measure of helping behavior (Kaskutas, Oberste, & Zemore, 2002) for use with college students. The present study tests the hypothesis that students who help others are less likely to consume alcohol and subsequently less likely to suffer alcohol-related problems than their peers. Additionally, a path model specifying mediators between helping behaviors and drinking outcomes was examined. The proposed path model predicted that volunteer helping affects well being and perceived peer …

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Victimization During The Middle School Years: Exploring The Relationship Between Emotion Regulation And Emotional/Behavioral Outcomes, Jason E. Harlacher May 2005

Victimization During The Middle School Years: Exploring The Relationship Between Emotion Regulation And Emotional/Behavioral Outcomes, Jason E. Harlacher

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present thesis examined emotion regulation differences among victims and non victims of bullying and its role as a mediator in the link between victimization and internalizing or externalizing outcomes. Participants from Grades 6 to 8 (n = 240) completed measures that assessed level of victimization, emotions felt relative to emotions expressed during bullying situations, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Weak victim-related differences revealed that boy victims reported feeling more shame and expressing more fear than nonvictims, whereas girl victims reported expressing more shame and feeling and expressing more anger and sadness. A new measure of emotional regulation did …

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Associations Between Parent-Daughter Relationships, Individual Adolescent Psychological Functioning, And Female Adolescent Self-Defeating Behaviors, Sara M. Hunt May 2005

Associations Between Parent-Daughter Relationships, Individual Adolescent Psychological Functioning, And Female Adolescent Self-Defeating Behaviors, Sara M. Hunt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study tested a mediation model by which daughters ' perceptions of poorer parent-adolescent relationship quality were expected to be directly associated with the individual psychological characteristics of low self-esteem and internalizing symptoms. In turn, individual psychological characteristics were hypothesized to predict self-defeating behavior, defined as deliberate self-harm and suicidal gestures, multiple sexual partners, and substance use. Additionally, the association between parent-adolescent relationship variables and self-defeating behaviors was posited to be largely indirect and mediated by symptoms of psychological distress. As predicted, perceived alienation from parents was directly associated with poor adolescent psychological functioning. Furthermore, individual psychological variables were found …

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Resistance To Change Of Ethanol Self-Administration: Effects Of Naltrexone And Extinction, Corina Jimenez-Gomez May 2005

Resistance To Change Of Ethanol Self-Administration: Effects Of Naltrexone And Extinction, Corina Jimenez-Gomez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Drug self-administration has proven to be an adequate model for assessing variables that contribute to the maintenance of drug taking. The present experiment was concerned with the persistence of drug self-administration, a defining characteristic of drug dependence and abuse. Findings from studies of the resistance to change of food-maintained responding may contribute to a better understanding of the persistence of drug abuse and dependence. Using an animal model of alcohol self-administration, this study evaluated the effects of rate of reinforcement on the persistence of ethanol self-administration in rats in the face of behavioral (i.e., extinction) and pharmacological (i.e., naltrexone) disruptors. …

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Appalachian High School Students' Possible Selves As A Mediator Of Continuing Their Education, Erica Chenoweth May 2005

Appalachian High School Students' Possible Selves As A Mediator Of Continuing Their Education, Erica Chenoweth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Appalachian region has long been regarded as an economically disadvantaged area, with a lower percentage of individuals pursuing higher education than in the nation as a whole. Improving the educational status of residents of Appalachia may foster some economic transition in the region, shifting the employment focus from an unskilled labor emphasis to more professional and career opportunities. Better understanding of the influences in the decision processes of Appalachian students is needed in order to design and implement intervention programs to increase enrollment in higher education. The concept of possible selves is introduced as a way to examine individuals' …

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The Impact Of Extracurricular Activities On Children's School Performance And Mental Health, Amber L. Crews May 2005

The Impact Of Extracurricular Activities On Children's School Performance And Mental Health, Amber L. Crews

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationship between the amount of extracurricular activities and the school performance and mental health of children and adolescents was examined. One hundred thirty-three parents completed measures on extracurricular activity participation, academic performance, and mental health for their children in Grades 3-12. Results indicated one significant linear and one significant curvilinear relationship between extracurricular activity participation and school performance of adolescents. As adolescents were involved in additional extracurricular activities, their school performance improved (in a linear relationship), while median amounts of activity were related to the best grades (in a curvilinear relationship). Although these results were significant, their practical meaningfulness …

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Assessing The Health-Related Service Needs Of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review Of Ryan White Title Ii Needs Assessments, Ryan K. Loo May 2005

Assessing The Health-Related Service Needs Of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review Of Ryan White Title Ii Needs Assessments, Ryan K. Loo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) allocated $940 million in 2002, through Title II of the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act, to help states improve the quality and availability of health-related services for people living with HIV/AIDS. These resources are allocated based upon recommendations made by community planning committees, which in turn base their recommendations on HIV/AIDS needs assessments. A methodologically sound, comprehensive needs assessment is a critical component of effective resource allocation decisions. Poor needs assessments might lead to poor resource allocation decisions, which might have life-threatening consequences for people living with HIV/AIDS. Little is …

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Parent And Child Characteristics Associated With Comorbidity Differences In Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Julie A. Pelletier May 2005

Parent And Child Characteristics Associated With Comorbidity Differences In Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Julie A. Pelletier

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a commonly diagnosed disorder that is associated with many negative outcomes. For many children, the disorder is comorbid with externalizing and/or internalizing problems. Understanding the correlates of comorbid problems in children with ADHD could be important for better treatment and/or prevention strategies. The purposes of this study were (a) to determine what parent-related and child-related characteristics are associated with externalizing or internalizing problems in children with ADHD, and (b) to determine if there are differences in these characteristics between a group of children with ADHD and externalizing problems, and a group of children with ADHD and …

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The Effects Of Morphine On The Discrimination Of Subject-Produced And Experimenter-Imposed Durations, Ryan D. Ward May 2005

The Effects Of Morphine On The Discrimination Of Subject-Produced And Experimenter-Imposed Durations, Ryan D. Ward

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Experiments on the effects of drugs on behavior maintained by temporal-discrimination procedures have led to discrepant results. Recent experiments suggest that the effects of drugs may differ depending on whether the subject is timing some aspect of its own behavior or some other stimulus. The present experiment used a multiple-schedule procedure composed of a subject-produced and experimenter-imposed component. In the subject-produced component, pigeons categorized the duration of their most recently emitted interresponse time. In the experimenter-imposed component, pigeons categorized the duration of a key light. Morphine generally produced underestimation of time during the subject-produced component, a result in agreement with …

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Occupational And Biopsychosocial Risk Factors For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Case-Control Study, Jason Talley Goodson May 2005

Occupational And Biopsychosocial Risk Factors For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Case-Control Study, Jason Talley Goodson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study was designed to assess the risk factors associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Toward this end, a wide range of putative occupational, biological, and psychosocial correlates of CTS was investigated using a case-control methodology. Cases were 87 patients from an orthopedic clinic with clinical symptoms and electrodiagnostic testing results suggestive of CTS. Controls were 74 gender-matched patients from the same orthopedic clinic, without clinical symptoms of CTS and normal electrodiagnostic testing results. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire that included eight potential occupational correlates (i.e., repetition, force, vibration, typing, lifting heavy loads, and standing on feet), 10 potential …

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Brief Experimental Analysis Of Reading Intervention Components For English-Language Learners, Kimberly J. Malloy May 2005

Brief Experimental Analysis Of Reading Intervention Components For English-Language Learners, Kimberly J. Malloy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Identifying effective instructional modifications for English-language learners (ELL) experiencing reading problems is a difficult task given the vast individual differences in language proficiency, motivation, and school experience. To address this issue, this study investigated the utility of brief experimental analysis as a means to quickly identify the most effective instructional components to increase reading performance for five ELL. Using a multielement design, five treatments were administered one by one with increasing language support. There were individual differences in response and effective treatments were identified for all participants. Further, an extended analysis of alternating baseline conditions with the hypothesized effective treatment …

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The Effects Of Added Reinforcers On Resistance To Change, Christopher A. Podlesnik May 2005

The Effects Of Added Reinforcers On Resistance To Change, Christopher A. Podlesnik

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The fundamental unit of behavior, defined by the discriminated operant, can be reduced to the three-term contingency, which includes an antecedent stimulus, a response, and a reinforcing consequence. Behavioral momentum theory suggests that resistance to disruption (i.e., resistance to change) of operant behavior is governed by the relation between the antecedent stimulus context and the rate of reinforcement within that context (i.e., Pavlovian stimulus-reinforcer relation). Further, behavior momentum theory suggests that resistance to change is independent of the contingency between the response and the reinforcer (i.e., operant response-reinforcer relation). Thus, although additional response-independent food decreases response rates by greatly degrading …

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The Effect Of Anger Management And Communication Training On Functional And Quality-Of-Life Status In Fibromyalgia Patients, Alexandra Michele Stillman May 2005

The Effect Of Anger Management And Communication Training On Functional And Quality-Of-Life Status In Fibromyalgia Patients, Alexandra Michele Stillman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a debilitating condition that affects millions of individuals throughout the world. As of yet the specific etiology of this condition remains unknown and successful treatments remain in their infancy. Although several studies have focused on the emotional components of fibromyalgia, none have specifically addressed the issues of communication and anger that appear to be important among this patient population. The objectives of this study were to design a 4-week experimental group therapy treatment based on successful cognitive behavioral components and add anger management and communication components in an attempt to increase benefits to the overall well-being …

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Color And Depression In The Diagnostic Drawing Series, Cara Emily Levitt May 2005

Color And Depression In The Diagnostic Drawing Series, Cara Emily Levitt

EVMS School of Health Professions Theses & Dissertations

One of the most interesting and widely held assumptions by clinicians who used projective drawings was that the absence of color may indicate depression. The research about color’s relationship to depression was ambiguous, limited and dated. In this study it was hypothesized that the absence or presence of color in the Feeling Drawing of the Diagnostic Drawing Series [DDS] will have a positive correlation with a diagnosis of Major Depression. To test this hypothesis the colors both in the DDS archives Major Depression group and comparison group were counted and then statistically analyze to determine if specified colors were present …

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Cognitive Assessment Of School Age Spanish Speaking English Language Learners, Casey Johnson May 2005

Cognitive Assessment Of School Age Spanish Speaking English Language Learners, Casey Johnson

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The number of students who speak a language other that English in schools across the U.S. is rapidly increasing. The Spanish speaking student population, in particular, has grown considerably in recent years. One way to examine the extent of this growth is to consider demographic data at the national and state levels.

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Parent Training Programs, Values, And Related Issues Concerning The Culturally Diverse, Raina Ilen Jones May 2005

Parent Training Programs, Values, And Related Issues Concerning The Culturally Diverse, Raina Ilen Jones

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Few parent training programs that address the improvement of coercive or negative parent-child interactions in culturally diverse populations exist in the literature; of the few that do exist, there is sparse empirical information on program effectiveness. Because parent training is an effective way to address parent-child interaction, parent training programs are discussed in the context of the values of African Americans, Asian Americans, Caucasian Americans, Latino Americans, and Native Americans. A review of the literature on values and culturally-specific and culturally adapted parenting programs was conducted as was a review of programs that have been modified for culturally diverse groups. …

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Compositions And Compounds For Use As Molecular Adjuvant For A Ncotine Waccne, Sam D.G. Sanderson, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Maniyan Parameswaran, Rick A. Bevins, Cheruku R. Srinivasa Apr 2005

Compositions And Compounds For Use As Molecular Adjuvant For A Ncotine Waccne, Sam D.G. Sanderson, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Maniyan Parameswaran, Rick A. Bevins, Cheruku R. Srinivasa

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Compounds are disclosed comprising molecular adjuvants having an antigen presenting cell-targeting ligand linked to a nicotine hapten. Methods are disclosed for employing the compounds as a nicotine vaccine for treatment or prevention of nicotine addiction.

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Glutamate Receptors In Perirhinal Cortex Mediate Encoding, Retrieval, And Consolidation Of Object Recognition Memory., Boyer D Winters, Timothy J Bussey Apr 2005

Glutamate Receptors In Perirhinal Cortex Mediate Encoding, Retrieval, And Consolidation Of Object Recognition Memory., Boyer D Winters, Timothy J Bussey

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Object recognition is consistently impaired in human amnesia and animal models thereof. Results from subjects with permanent brain damage have revealed the importance of the perirhinal cortex to object recognition memory. Here, we report evidence from rats for interdependent but distinct stages in object recognition memory (encoding, retrieval, and consolidation), which require glutamate receptor activity within perirhinal cortex. Transient blockade of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission within perirhinal cortex disrupted encoding for short- and long-term memory as well as retrieval and consolidation. In contrast, transient NMDA receptor blockade during encoding affected only long-term object recognition memory; NMDA receptor activity was also …

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Diversity And The Effects On Accounting Students’ Ethical Awareness, Sanaz Shelia Aghazadeh Apr 2005

Diversity And The Effects On Accounting Students’ Ethical Awareness, Sanaz Shelia Aghazadeh

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Interactive Advertising Vs. Traditional Print Mediums, Jennifer Finnvik Apr 2005

Interactive Advertising Vs. Traditional Print Mediums, Jennifer Finnvik

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

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Validation Of A Brief Telephone Battery For Neurocognitive Assessment Of Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Ramona O. Hopkins, Joanne White, Jennifer Mortensen, Darren B. Taichman, Jason Christie, Rosette Biester, Sandra Kaplan, John Hansen-Flaschen, Harold I. Palevsky, C. Gregory Elliott Apr 2005

Validation Of A Brief Telephone Battery For Neurocognitive Assessment Of Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Ramona O. Hopkins, Joanne White, Jennifer Mortensen, Darren B. Taichman, Jason Christie, Rosette Biester, Sandra Kaplan, John Hansen-Flaschen, Harold I. Palevsky, C. Gregory Elliott

Faculty Publications

The effects of pulmonary arterial hypertension on brain function are not understood, despite patients' frequent complaints of cognitive difficulties. Using clinical instruments normally administered during standard in-person assessment of neurocognitive function in adults, we assembled a battery of tests designed for administration over the telephone. The purpose was to improve patient participation, facilitate repeated test administration, and reduce the cost of research on the neuropsychological consequences of acute and chronic cardiorespiratory diseases. We undertook this study to validate telephone administration of the tests. Methods: 23 adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension underwent neurocognitive assessment using both standard in-person and telephone test …

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The Neural Substrates Of Infant Sleep In Rats, Karl Æ. Karlsson, Andrew J. Gall, Ethan J. Mohns, Adele M. H. Seelke, Mark S. Blumberg Apr 2005

The Neural Substrates Of Infant Sleep In Rats, Karl Æ. Karlsson, Andrew J. Gall, Ethan J. Mohns, Adele M. H. Seelke, Mark S. Blumberg

Faculty Publications

Sleep is a poorly understood behavior that predominates during infancy but is studied almost exclusively in adults. One perceived impediment to investigations of sleep early in ontogeny is the absence of state-dependent neocortical activity. Nonetheless, in infant rats, sleep is reliably characterized by the presence of tonic (i.e., muscle atonia) and phasic (i.e., myoclonic twitching) components; the neural circuitry underlying these components, however, is unknown. Recently, we described a medullary inhibitory area (MIA) in week-old rats that is necessary but not sufficient for the normal expression of atonia. Here we report that the infant MIA receives projections from areas containing …

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Differences Between Resolved Versus Unresolved Adolescents On Selected Measures Of Behavior And Cognitive Processes, Linda L. Webster, Rachelle K. Hackett Apr 2005

Differences Between Resolved Versus Unresolved Adolescents On Selected Measures Of Behavior And Cognitive Processes, Linda L. Webster, Rachelle K. Hackett

Benerd College Faculty Presentations

This study investigated differences between unresolved attachment, reports of behavior, and associated cognitive processes in a maltreatment sample. Participants were 22 adolescents with a history of maltreatment. Measures included the Adult Attachment Projective (George, West, & Pettem, 1997), the Behavioral Assessment System for Children (Reynolds & Kamphaus, 1998), and selected scales from the Woodcock-Johnson Third Edition Tests of Cognitive Ability (Woodcock, McGrew, & Mather, 2001). Results found that parent ratings on five BASC subscales were significantly different for resolved versus unresolved adolescents, and adolescent self-reports were found to differ on four BASC subscales and one BASC composite. Results also found …

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The Interactive Roles Of Gender And Ethnicity In African-American Women's Mental Health, Dianna Nadine Moses-Nunley Apr 2005

The Interactive Roles Of Gender And Ethnicity In African-American Women's Mental Health, Dianna Nadine Moses-Nunley

Dissertations

Abstract For African-American women, female gender and African-American (AA) ethnicity combine to create experiences of discrimination, discrimination related stress, and mental health issues that are not encountered by individuals who occupy only one of these status variables. Gender and ethnicity also influence socioeconomic status, an additional variable affecting the experiences and issues that AA women uniquely encounter. The first goal of this study was to examine the ways in which the combined social statuses of gender and ethnicity influence the discriminatory experiences and mental health of AA women. The second goal was to determine the ways in which AA women¿s …

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Book Review: The Psychological Origins Of Institutionalized Torture, Ibpp Editor Apr 2005

Book Review: The Psychological Origins Of Institutionalized Torture, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author reviewed Mika Haritos-Fatouros’s book The psychological origins of institutionalized torture, commenting on torture itself and how it relates to the human condition.

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Observed Incivility At Work And Job Outcomes: The Moderating Role Of Workgroup Characteristics, Catharine Tate Apr 2005

Observed Incivility At Work And Job Outcomes: The Moderating Role Of Workgroup Characteristics, Catharine Tate

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to investigate group identification and group cohesion as moderators of the relationship between observed incivility and job outcomes. Participants included 36 men and 54 women from a property management company who completed scales assessing observed incivility in their workgroup, feelings of workgroup cohesion and identification, and job related outcomes (e.g., job satisfaction, burnout, turnover intentions, and affective organizational commitment). Results showed that observing incivility at work was directly related to turnover intentions for employees. Results also showed that employees who perceived their workgroup as highly cohesive reported being less committed to the organization. Additionally, …

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Coping With The Trauma Of War At Home And Abroad: The Case Of Bosnian Residents And Refugees In Idaho’S Treasure Valley, Sandina Begic Apr 2005

Coping With The Trauma Of War At Home And Abroad: The Case Of Bosnian Residents And Refugees In Idaho’S Treasure Valley, Sandina Begic

McNair Scholars Research Journal

It has been widely reported that exposure to war-related trauma leads to psychological difficulties in human beings, and it has been hypothesized that these psychological difficulties may be compounded when people leave their war-torn countries and begin their lives as refugees in a new country. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether members of the Treasure Valley’s Bosnian refugee population experience more symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression stemming from the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia-Herzegovina than do current Bosnian residents. The results indicated that local Bosnian refugees report more symptoms of PTSD than their …

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Sleep Habits And Patterns Of College Students And Their Relationship To Selected Personality Characteristics, Steve M. Jenkins Apr 2005

Sleep Habits And Patterns Of College Students And Their Relationship To Selected Personality Characteristics, Steve M. Jenkins

Doctoral Dissertations

College is a time of adjustment when many students have a newfound responsibility for many aspects of their lives, including sleep habits and patterns. College students often have sleep schedules that vary greatly, which can result in sleep disturbances. Previous research indicates that college students report significantly more sleep disturbances than the general population. Poor sleep quality has been linked to myriad psychological, physiological, and cognitive difficulties, including mood and anxiety disorders, cardiovascular disease, and poor academic performance. Oftentimes, sleep disturbances can be corrected with basic psychological interventions. Considering the deleterious effects that poor sleep can have on college students, …

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Staying In Control: Anger Management Skills For Parents Of Young Adolescents, Lori L. Ellison Apr 2005

Staying In Control: Anger Management Skills For Parents Of Young Adolescents, Lori L. Ellison

Counseling Faculty Research

Review of the book Staying in control: Anger management skills for parents of young adolescents. By M. H. Kellner.

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