Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 10741 - 10770 of 74077

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Cognitive Fusion, Self And Other-Blame, And College Adjustment Outcomes, Olivia B. Tipton Jan 2024

Cognitive Fusion, Self And Other-Blame, And College Adjustment Outcomes, Olivia B. Tipton

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

College students from socioeconomically challenging backgrounds are more likely to drop out of college before being awarded a bachelor’s degree. A challenging background predicts difficulties in emotion regulation, which may affect adjustment to college and, subsequently, persistence in college until a bachelor’s degree is awarded. Previous research has identified cognitive fusion, a state in which one unquestioningly believes the literal content of their thoughts, and inflexible usage of self and other-blame as predictors of negative social, psychological, and academic outcomes. The present study used self-report data collected from emerging adult college students at a small midwestern university to assess whether …


Examining Self-Esteem As A Moderator Of Attachment And Multiple Sexual Partners, Dezerae Kinderknecht Jan 2024

Examining Self-Esteem As A Moderator Of Attachment And Multiple Sexual Partners, Dezerae Kinderknecht

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

The purpose of this study was to examine self-esteem as a moderator of attachment styles (i.e., avoidant, anxious, or secure) and its associated impact on the number of sexual partners an individual has had in their lifetime. Previous literature has found that an individual’s level of self-esteem affects a person’s number of sexual partners. Studies have also been conducted examining the correlation between attachment styles and number of sexual partners, finding that those with an insecure attachment style, namely anxious or avoidant attachment, tend to have more sexual partners. While previous literature has examined these factors separately, this study aimed …


The Effects Of Affiliation, Proximity To Suicide, And Religiosity On Suicide Acceptance, Lindsey M. Gack Jan 2024

The Effects Of Affiliation, Proximity To Suicide, And Religiosity On Suicide Acceptance, Lindsey M. Gack

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

As suicide becomes increasingly more prominent in the lives of people, research is being conducted to investigate causes, prevention, and even opinions on the topic. The impact of religious affiliation and religiosity on people’s acceptance of suicide was investigated in the current study. This was examined by using The Religious Commitment Inventory-10 (RCI-10; Worthington et al., 2003), the Semantic Differential Scale Attitudes Towards Suicidal Behavior (SEDAS; Jenner & Niesing, 2000), and the Proximity to Suicide Scale (PSS; self-constructed). Results indicated that a higher religiosity score was correlated with a more understanding viewpoint of an attempted/committed suicide. Results also showed that …


The Importance Of Self-Regulation And Motivation In Online Learning Environments, Sydney A. Hicks Jan 2024

The Importance Of Self-Regulation And Motivation In Online Learning Environments, Sydney A. Hicks

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Student learning satisfaction is important in the education world. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, learning environments have changed drastically from in-person learning to online learning. With this, more studies are needed to better understand learning satisfaction in online learning. The current study aims to use Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) as a framework to explain potential factors involved in learning satisfaction in both in-person and online courses. SCT reasons that interactions between environment, personal factors (motivation and self-regulation), impact different behavioral outcomes (learning satisfaction) (Mantooth et al., 2020). With this framework, the current study investigated how intrinsic motivation and self- regulation …


Life Satisfaction In Motherhood: The Influence Of Mindfulness On Life Stressors, Shyann Schumacher, Shyann M. Schumacher Jan 2024

Life Satisfaction In Motherhood: The Influence Of Mindfulness On Life Stressors, Shyann Schumacher, Shyann M. Schumacher

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Motherhood can be a stressful and highly demanding role. With the challenges a mother faces, many factors can influence satisfaction a mother experiences in their life. Within the many roles mothers play throughout their lives, mindfulness is found to benefit both women and their children and positively influence mothers’ relationships with their children or partner. This study investigated the role of mindfulness within life satisfaction among mothers’ experiences by examining levels of social support, mother’s age, work-life balance, and socioeconomic status as predictors of life satisfaction when moderated by mindfulness. Participants were sampled through social media including Facebook and Instagram. …


Exploring Psychological Factors Behind Consideration Of Cosmetic Surgery Through The Lens Of Social Comparison Theory, Noriene Verma Jan 2024

Exploring Psychological Factors Behind Consideration Of Cosmetic Surgery Through The Lens Of Social Comparison Theory, Noriene Verma

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Cosmetic surgery refers to an extreme form of appearance modification whose sole purpose is to improve the appearance of the chosen area. Despite psychological concerns associated with repeated perform of cosmetic surgery, rates of cosmetic procedures are likely to increase in the coming years (American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 2020) and it warrants the need to study the potential motivators that encourage someone to opt for such procedures. Motivators of cosmetic surgery explored in this study are social media usage and self-esteem through the lens of Social Comparison Theory. Social comparison theory can explain the mechanisms behind one’s desire to …


Peer-Assisted Learning In Miller Analogies Tasks, Preston S. Menke Jan 2024

Peer-Assisted Learning In Miller Analogies Tasks, Preston S. Menke

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The present study aimed to investigate the role of peer-assisted learning (PAL) on individual performance using a relatively complex Miller Analogies Task (MAT). I found that low-ability learners benefitted from PAL. Furthermore, this may be explained by a significant trust mechanism indicating that learners who correctly identified trustworthy peers had greater performance. I did not find support for a significant difference between PAL and individual learning conditions. This study provides evidence for the role of scaffolding, where low-ability learners may benefit from identifying who to guide them when engaging in a social peer-learning task.


Brief Observation Of Social Communication Change To Evaluate Change In Autism Symptoms As A Treatment Response In A Semistructured Play Assessment, Camilla Woodard Jan 2024

Brief Observation Of Social Communication Change To Evaluate Change In Autism Symptoms As A Treatment Response In A Semistructured Play Assessment, Camilla Woodard

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Measuring changes in autism symptoms as a result of treatment is a known gap in autism research and intervention. The Brief Observation of Social Communication Change-Minimally Verbal (BOSCC-MV) was designed to capture changes in social communication behaviors and other autism-related behaviors as a treatment response. In this study, the BOSCC-MV coding scheme was applied across different play observations from the BOSCC-MV and the Communication Play Protocol to compare the effect of semistructured play contexts with a familiar play administrator over time to determine if differences in social communication behaviors and autism symptoms would be observed. This research examined the impact …


The Effect Of State Anxiety On Working Memory Updating, Alexandra L. Mastrangelo Jan 2024

The Effect Of State Anxiety On Working Memory Updating, Alexandra L. Mastrangelo

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Anxiety impairs cognition by operating to alter processing efficiency. When anxiety impairs efficiency, the capacity of working memory (WM) is confined especially for individuals who concurrently experience higher levels of anxiety (Yang et al., 2018). The updating function is a crucial process that operates within WM to replace and modify older with novel information to carry out complex cognitive tasks. However, if interference accrues from previously learned information (known as proactive interference, or PI), removing information from WM becomes more difficult. Because the relationship between state anxiety (SA) and WM is less understood compared to trait anxiety (TA), this study …


Child Language And Happiness Behaviors: Evaluating The Effects Of Caregiver Coaching, Ashlen Grubbs Jan 2024

Child Language And Happiness Behaviors: Evaluating The Effects Of Caregiver Coaching, Ashlen Grubbs

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

Caregivers of young children who have or are at risk for disabilities may struggle supporting their child’s language development. This study used a tailored rapid coaching intervention to teach a caregiver different naturalistic language interventions that can be used with their child during play. Evidence-based naturalistic skills for increasing child communication were chosen to teach the caregiver based on baseline levels of skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored RCI (training and coaching) with caregivers of children with developmental disabilities. Like other studies, this study involved evaluating child-level communication but extended child measures …


Promoting Caregiver Mental Health Literacy: A Pilot Study Of The Online Program “Mental Wellness At The Lake”, Erika Baylis Jan 2024

Promoting Caregiver Mental Health Literacy: A Pilot Study Of The Online Program “Mental Wellness At The Lake”, Erika Baylis

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The mental health needs of children are growing in the United States. Caregiver’s mental health knowledge and attitudes about help-seeking can impede the awareness of help-seeking behaviors. The Baylis Model is a framework for caregivers to increase their mental health knowledge. This research is a pilot study to provide elementary caregivers with mental health knowledge to increase their awareness to access treatments for their children. Participants completed a pre-test to determine mental health knowledge to begin the study. A total of 14 families completed a 10-module course (Mental Wellness At The Lake) on canvas, a web-based learning management system. Throughout …


Ptsd, Chaos, And Subjective Executive Dysfunction, And Its Impact On Qol, Emmy Y. Velazquez Santiago Jan 2024

Ptsd, Chaos, And Subjective Executive Dysfunction, And Its Impact On Qol, Emmy Y. Velazquez Santiago

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Research with veterans suggests executive dysfunction associated with PTSD often results in problems with quality of life. Objective impairments in executive functions do not significantly correlate with subjective reports; despite this discrepancy, the perception of dysfunction impacts quality of life. Research indicates that perception of chaos/unpredictability can undermine the ability to perform executive functions. This study explored how the perception of chaos impacts the relationship between PTSD and subjective executive dysfunction and quality of life among veterans. A Pearson product-moment correlation was used to determine whether a relationship exists between PTSD symptomatology and subjective executive dysfunction and between subjective executive …


The Use Of Problematic Behaviors As Predictors Of Suicidal Ideations And Attempts In Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients, Jessica Lamont-George Jan 2024

The Use Of Problematic Behaviors As Predictors Of Suicidal Ideations And Attempts In Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients, Jessica Lamont-George

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Suicidality is a health concern among adolescents. Approximately, one million people attempt suicide each year and it is the second leading cause of death for those aged 10 to 19. Inpatient hospitalizations may be beneficial for individuals who pose a danger to themselves or others since it provides a safe environment for the individual to receive individualized care. Many individuals who have been admitted for psychiatric inpatient hospitalization have suicidal ideations or attempts. The Child and Adolescent Behavior Assessment-Youth Scale (CABA-Y) explores an individual’s stressors and problem behaviors that may be contributing to the reasons for hospitalization. While inpatient, some …


Loss Of Mooring And Acculturational Resilience: Understanding Resilience, Adversity, And Trauma Among Female Muslim Arab Refugees In The United States: A Qualitative Study, Norah Fahad Aldawsari Jan 2024

Loss Of Mooring And Acculturational Resilience: Understanding Resilience, Adversity, And Trauma Among Female Muslim Arab Refugees In The United States: A Qualitative Study, Norah Fahad Aldawsari

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The phenomenon of resilience is found in the literature reviews of trauma and is considered an important element in overcoming adversity and traumas (Brown, 2015; Civan Kahve et al., 2021; Saul, 2022). Resilience is considered to be a cultural, contextual, and historical concept, and its conceptualization, illumination of influential factors, and identification of coping strategies can be considered unique from one culture to another (Saul, 2022). Many research studies highlight the importance of resilience when coping with adversity and trauma, as well as incorporating a strength-based therapeutic approach. This approach incorporates one’s social and communal interventions and elements and cultural …


Parent Assessment Of Children's Executive Capacities, Matthew J. Davis Jan 2024

Parent Assessment Of Children's Executive Capacities, Matthew J. Davis

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Family environments function in a way determining that all children are expected to perform at certain levels based on their age and developmental stage. Academic tasks require using numerous executive skills simultaneously, sometimes making it challenging to pinpoint specific executive strengths and weaknesses. Understanding a child's challenges with executive control can provide insights into areas where they might benefit from extra help and support. The present study examined parents’ ratings of executive functions collected during the standardization of the MEFS-PR given the students’ ages and level of academic competence. The data used in this study were the parent ratings of …


Building Technology Breaks Into Classroom Instruction To Reduce Media Multitasking And Increase Learning, Lisa Decicco Jan 2024

Building Technology Breaks Into Classroom Instruction To Reduce Media Multitasking And Increase Learning, Lisa Decicco

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The current study was designed to investigate the impact of media multitasking on learning outcomes in the classroom. The goal was to develop an instructional intervention that reduces the negative effects of media multitasking on learning outcomes by incorporating technology breaks into the instructional design. High school students in an all-girls school took part in three learning sessions, each with a different instructional strategy related to media multitasking in the classroom: Condition 1: Instruction as Usual; Condition 2: No access to technology; Condition 3: Technology Breaks. Students completed a pre and post-test knowledge-based assessment to measure their retention of the …


Sex Differences In Cognitive Distortions In Individuals With Fibromyalgia, Corey Adams Jan 2024

Sex Differences In Cognitive Distortions In Individuals With Fibromyalgia, Corey Adams

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Chronic pain is a significant problem in both clinical practice and research, which does not occur equally in all groups of people. Of the 2% of adults with fibromyalgia in the United States, 3.4% of them are women. Understanding these differences may be useful in informing treatment (Jahan et al., 2012). One such area is distorted thinking, which can have a negative impact on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pain sensitivity (Varallo et al., 2021). This study examined how cognitive distortions may play a role in the disparities seen between men and women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. This study used a …


Healthcare Providers’ Willingness To Prescribe Buprenorphine To Adolescents And Young Adults With Opioid Use Disorder, Nicole M. Fusco Jan 2024

Healthcare Providers’ Willingness To Prescribe Buprenorphine To Adolescents And Young Adults With Opioid Use Disorder, Nicole M. Fusco

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The opioid epidemic is a public health crisis, with opioid use frequently beginning during adolescence and young adulthood. Opioid-related overdoses have continued to increase among adolescents and young adults. Despite the efficacy of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in treating opioid use disorder (OUD), they remain underutilized. A critical step to addressing this issue is identifying the barriers that prevent physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants from prescribing MOUD. This study investigates healthcare providers' willingness to prescribe buprenorphine to adolescents and young adults with OUD. Participants included physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants who currently treat adolescents and young …


Relationship Between School Connectedness And Actual Help-Seeking Behavior Among Adolescents, Eric Dougherty Jan 2024

Relationship Between School Connectedness And Actual Help-Seeking Behavior Among Adolescents, Eric Dougherty

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between students’ perception of school connectedness and their actual engagement in help-seeking behaviors. This study also investigated whether or not the level of support obtained (e.g. formal versus informal) and the type of stressors experienced (e.g. academic issue versus non academic issue) served to influence the relationship between school connectedness and actual helpseeking behaviors. Archival data obtained from a Philadelphia area suburban high school was used to complete this study. Results suggest that students with higher levels of school connectedness do seek support at a greater rate than students who …


Feeling Of Being Together In The Metaverse: Positive Influence Of Copresence On Subjective Well-Being, Do Yuon Kim, Dooyoung Choi, Namhee Yoon, Ha Kyung Lee Jan 2024

Feeling Of Being Together In The Metaverse: Positive Influence Of Copresence On Subjective Well-Being, Do Yuon Kim, Dooyoung Choi, Namhee Yoon, Ha Kyung Lee

STEMPS Faculty Publications

Applying the flow theory, this study examined how copresence improved the subjective well-being of users through flow and escapism. An online self-administered survey of 249 US adults who are currently using metaverse platforms is conducted. The collected data are analyzed by SPSS, AMOS and PROCESS. Findings suggest that the feeling of being together with other users in a metaverse can influence consumers’ satisfaction with their lives. Copresence in the metaverse specifically enhanced flow, which is being immersed in the experience; and escapism, which is avoiding unpleasant realities. Copresence and flow were found to improve the subjective well-being of metaverse users. …


Navigating New Normals: Student Perceptions, Experiences, And Mental Health Service Utilization In Post-Pandemic Academia, Hadiza Galadima, Anne Dumadag, Cara Tonn Jan 2024

Navigating New Normals: Student Perceptions, Experiences, And Mental Health Service Utilization In Post-Pandemic Academia, Hadiza Galadima, Anne Dumadag, Cara Tonn

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

This study explores the profound impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on higher education, focusing on shifts in learning experiences and students’ intentions to utilize mental health services post-pandemic. Utilizing Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use, this study assesses perceptions from a stratified random sample of college students on post-pandemic learning experiences and mental health service utilization intentions. Findings reveal a positive reception to university initiatives and a preference for ongoing virtual classes. There is an evident increase in, and varying intentions for, using mental health services, shaped by demographics, employment, and prior service utilization. Younger and female students showed …


Organizational Justice: A Theoretical Expansion And Nomological Analysis, Austin Attaway Jan 2024

Organizational Justice: A Theoretical Expansion And Nomological Analysis, Austin Attaway

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the concept of organizational justice within the evolving context of remote and hybrid work environments, introducing and validating the novel constructs of Spatial Justice (SJ) and Temporal Justice (TJ). As remote work becomes increasingly prevalent, traditional frameworks of organizational justice—distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and informational—prove insufficient in capturing the complexities introduced by spatial and temporal dimensions. SJ pertains to the fairness of access to physical resources and facilities, while TJ concerns the equitable allocation of time to complete tasks. By integrating these constructs, this dissertation fills a critical gap in the literature, providing a comprehensive understanding of justice …


Saving The World One Scrap At A Time: Identity Labeling As As Tool To Reduce Household Food Waste, Jamiela Bryant Jan 2024

Saving The World One Scrap At A Time: Identity Labeling As As Tool To Reduce Household Food Waste, Jamiela Bryant

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Food waste is a significant driver of climate change, and it threatens human and planetary health. In fact, the average American household discards between 30% - 40% of their edible food each week. Reducing food waste could divert material from landfills, where it contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. Decreasing food waste would also mean that more of the planet’s resources could contribute to feeding the population. Social psychological research demonstrates the importance of values and identity in understanding and promoting proenvironmental behaviors, such as household food use and disposal. In this dissertation, I review the social psychological literature, focusing on …


Wait, Who Did You Say We Are? The Effects Of Self-Uncertainty And Leadership Rhetoric On Group Identification, Samantha Gardner Jan 2024

Wait, Who Did You Say We Are? The Effects Of Self-Uncertainty And Leadership Rhetoric On Group Identification, Samantha Gardner

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Uncertainty identity theory (e.g., Hogg, 2021a) posits that when feelings of self-uncertainty arise, we are motivated to reduce those feelings, and one way we can do this is to identify with a distinctive group that has a clearly defined identity. In these circumstances, we look to the group’s leaders to provide an identity message, and to do so in an unambiguous and affirmational manner. This analysis generates a hypothesis that has attracted partial support (Gaffney et al., 2019), but requires more rigorous testingin conditions of high self-uncertainty, identity-affirming rhetoric used by leaders increases (a) group identification, (b) perceived group entitativity, …


Effects Of Identity, Uncertainty, And Language Contact On Intergroup Relations, Heather Tamzyn Stopp Jan 2024

Effects Of Identity, Uncertainty, And Language Contact On Intergroup Relations, Heather Tamzyn Stopp

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Despite sixty years of research examining both direct (Allport 1954; Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006) and indirect forms of contact (Wright et al., 1997), less is known about the power of contact with an outgroup language to shape intergroup relations. To address this lacuna in the research, the two current studies examined two potential contextual factors that may impact whether outgroup language contact worsens or improves attitudes and action tendencies toward Latinos in the United States. Specifically, whether or not an outgroup is viewed as having status and power as a distinct group and whether this perception as a distinctive group …


A Social Identity Theory Approach To The Acceptance Of Negative Evaluation Results, Courtney Marie Koletar Jan 2024

A Social Identity Theory Approach To The Acceptance Of Negative Evaluation Results, Courtney Marie Koletar

CGU Theses & Dissertations

For decades, evaluators have noted that it is difficult for stakeholders to accept negative evaluation results (Carter, 1971; Taut & Brauns, 2003). There is a need for additional research on evaluation to better understand when and why stakeholders reject negative or critical evaluation findings. Drawing on social identity theory (SIT), the intergroup sensitivity effect (ISE) finds that group members are equally accepting of group-directed praise from both ingroup and outgroup members, however they are much more accepting of group-directed criticism from an ingroup member than an outgroup member (Hornsey et al., 2002). The logic of SIT underlying the effect is …


Environmentalism Among Older Adults: Investigating Predictors Of Pro-Environmental Behavior In Later Life, Ajit Singh Mann Jan 2024

Environmentalism Among Older Adults: Investigating Predictors Of Pro-Environmental Behavior In Later Life, Ajit Singh Mann

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Human actions are largely responsible for degradation of the natural environment, and environmental threats due to climate change are increasingly prevalent. Despite the immediate need to conserve the natural environment, the role of older adults in pro-environmental initiatives has largely been ignored. I conducted two studies to understand pathways for promoting pro-environmental behavior among older adults, with the goal of shedding light on older adults’ engagement in environmental action. In the first study, I investigated the indirect effect of age on pro-environmental behavior, through personal values and environmental concern, among a general sample (N=292). I considered the role of flow …


Male Caregiver Strain: The Mental Effects Of Being An Informal Caregiver For A Family Member With Dementia And Alzheimer's Disease, Alessandra M. Barillas, Elijah Rammel B. Borja Jan 2024

Male Caregiver Strain: The Mental Effects Of Being An Informal Caregiver For A Family Member With Dementia And Alzheimer's Disease, Alessandra M. Barillas, Elijah Rammel B. Borja

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Background: Caregivers are vital in fulfilling patients' primary care needs, and families prefer them over sending their loved ones to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia are prevalent conditions necessitating continuous assistance due to memory and cognition impairments. As a result, support is essential for tasks like mobility, feeding, bathing, and perineal care, as well as emotional and physical challenges inherent in caregiving. Purpose: Upon diving into the mental health impacts of serving as an informal caregiver for individuals with Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia, a notable research gap becomes evident, especially concerning male caregivers. This lack of information …


Postpartum Depression: The Effects On Infant Development During The First Year Of Life, Sophie John Jan 2024

Postpartum Depression: The Effects On Infant Development During The First Year Of Life, Sophie John

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Childbirth is considered one of the most pivotal events in a woman’s life, bringing along profound changes. While often seen as joyful, the experience can be extremely challenging or stressful. This might trigger a wide range of emotions that can hinder a mother’s ability to care for herself as well as her newborn. Unlike temporary “baby blues,” postpartum depression (PPD) is similar to major depressive disorder, with symptoms like guilt, anxiety, hopelessness, and even suicidal thoughts. Though typically diagnosed within 4-6 weeks after birth, it often goes untreated or underdiagnosed due to inadequate screening. Untreated PPD can pose a risk …


Icu Nurse Mental Health: Telehealth Vs In-Person Therapy, Ariel Mach Jan 2024

Icu Nurse Mental Health: Telehealth Vs In-Person Therapy, Ariel Mach

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Background Nurses working within high-stress specialties, such as Intensive Care Units (ICUs), often face a lack of resources aimed at supporting their mental health. The expectation for the nurses is to independently manage their psychological well-being based on their knowledge and educational background. However, many times it is difficult to manage persistent stress, anxiety, or depression and this could adversely affect the quality of patient care and eventually lead to burnout. Telehealth therapy has become more readily available and used since the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to two forms of treatment delivery. Currently, there is limited research on the effectiveness of …