Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Impact Of Social Media On Emerging Adults' Psychological Well-Being: Spirituality As A Protective Factor, Lori Dewald

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Approximately 70% of emerging adults, individuals ages 18-29 years, report using social media daily. Emerging adulthood is a time of role transition and exploration; therefore, it is important to understand the role social media has on this population. Social media use in young adults has shown mixed results. The inconsistencies of the research center on the content of social media use and the impact it has on well-being. When social media is used to build relationships and increase social support increased well-being was noted. Conversely, when social media use resulted in social comparisons and negative feedback decreased well-being was reported. …

Gender Differences In Compassion Fatigue And Burnout Among Sheriff's Deputies, Charity Creech

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Law enforcement has a long and sordid history with mental health. Recently researchers have begun to dissect the effect of professional and occupational stressors on LEOs. I focused on secondary constructs, compassion fatigue and burnout, that contribute to mental health concerns. Compassion fatigue (CF) and burnout (BO) have been studied most thoroughly in medical settings, but less so in law enforcement settings. While most researchers study law enforcement as a genderless mass, I hypothesized that there is a gender difference in burnout and compassion fatigue levels among Sheriff Deputies (SD). Research aimed to identify how gender differences can contribute to …

A Descriptive Study Of Namibian Child Sex Offenders, Ndeyapo Emma Nafuka

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The sexual abuse of children is a worldwide traumatic event with potential for adverse long-term physical and psychological consequences. There has been a plethora of research in the Western societies that examined offenders of child sexual abuse. Due to a number of methodological limitations, the findings of these studies cannot be used to effectively explain African offenders of child sexual abuse. This study employed a quantitative non-experimental, descriptive research approach method to examine the demographic and criminological characteristics of adult men who sexually abused children in Namibia. The data were collected by reviewing 183 files of Namibian male offenders incarcerated …

Support Systems: The Effect They Have On Domestic Violence Victims, Kimberly Diann Burton

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

In the last five years, domestic violence has escalated in the number of episodes reported and in the severity of violence. Researchers attribute this increased frequency and severity to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the lockdown time of the pandemic, victims and their abusers could not escape from arguments, which resulted in tensions rising. This study brings attention to the fact that domestic violence is still a pervasive problem. It gives information to help the abused stay out of violent relationships and/or escape. There was conflicting research on whether support systems help victims of these violent relationships escape or stay in …

Understanding Leaders' Experiences Of A Leadership Institute: A Combination Of Transformational Leadership, Cross-Sector Collaboration, And Charitable Foundations As Catalysts, Chris Pineda

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This study investigated the integrated impact of Transformational Leadership (TFL), Cross-Sector Collaboration (CSC), and Foundations as Community Catalysts (CFC) within a Salem-based leadership institute. Through a qualitative case study involving 12 leadership institute attendees from 2020-2023, I explored the perceived presence of each of the three components, as well as their transformative potential in organizational and community change. I also examined participants’ perceived strengths and weaknesses of the leadership institute. All participants were able to see the presence of TFL, CSC, and CFC, and their combination resulted in collaboration, deep relationships, and a change in mindsets. The findings suggest that …

An Exploratory Study Of Marketing Students’ Perception Of Chatgpt: Thank You For Help! But I Am Also Worried, Kelly La Venture, Hyun Sang An, Wooyang Kim

AMTP Proceedings 2024

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), including tools like ChatGPT, is rapidly emerging as a pivotal force in various industries, especially in marketing. These GenAI tools, help marketers employ new capabilities and innovative approaches for ideating and executing marketing tasks. Despite its apparent usefulness, GenAI is often perceived as a double-edged tool. Its positive aspects, such as enhanced efficiency and effectiveness, are acclaimed in professional domains, while academic discussions often emphasize challenges like ethical usage and transparency. The purpose of this study is to explore marketing major students’ nuanced perceptions toward GenAI, exploring their views on its opportunities, threats, pros, and cons …

Factors Impacting Leading Hybrid And Remote Teams In Higher Education In A Post Covid-19 Environment, Juana L. Parillon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on post-secondary education in the United States with much of the focus during the height of the pandemic being on students and their instruction. Little attention has been paid to the experiences of supervisors in higher education, specifically, the lived experiences of supervisors and the factors that impacted supervisors leading hybrid and remote teams. With a phenomenological framework in the periphery, the purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences that supervisors of staff within higher education had after transitioning to either a hybrid or fully remote work model. …

Proposal Of A Private Caretaker-Completed Questionnaire To Assess The Suitability Of Domestic Cats For Animal-Assisted Interventions, Alina Simona Rusu, Iulia Francesca Pop, Christine Olsen, Magdalena Nawarecka-Piątek, Michal Plewczynski, Eivind Øverli Holm, Dennis C. Turner

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

The objective of this study was to develop a caretaker-completed questionnaire entitled “Cats’ Behavioral Suitability for Animal-Assisted Interventions” (CatSAAI), covering two categories of items associated with seven feline personality factors. These feline personality factors were previously identified and validated by Mikkola et al. (2021) on a large sample of domestic cat guardians. The aim of the CatSAAI questionnaire is to facilitate the interpretation of the behavioral suitability or unsuitability of each individual cat for inclusion in feline-assisted interventions, while considering the prevention of stress and risks in AAI settings for both people and animals. The tool was proposed by an …

Who Counts As Diverse? The Strategic Broadening And Narrowing Of Diversity, Junming Zhang, Teri A. Kirby

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Introduction: A large majority of US organizations profess a commitment to diversity, but their definitions of diversity can vary greatly. While previous research demonstrates a shift in diversity definitions to include fewer protected demographic groups and more non-demographic characteristics, the present research examines whether this shift might be a motivated process among dominant group members related to anti-egalitarian and colorblind belief systems.

Methods: Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we explored potential underlying ideologies that may be associated with White Americans’ shifting definitions of diversity. White Americans (N = 498) were asked how they define diversity, as well as who …

Emoji Use In Social Media Posts: Relationships With Personality Traits And Word Usage, Shelia Kennison, Kameryn Fritz, Maria Andrea Hurtado Morales, Eric Chan-Tin

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Prior research has demonstrated relationships between personality traits of social media users and the language used in their posts. Few studies have examined whether there are relationships between personality traits of users and how they use emojis in their social media posts. Emojis are digital pictographs used to express ideas and emotions. There are thousands of emojis, which depict faces with expressions, objects, animals, and activities. We conducted a study with two samples (n = 76 and n = 245) in which we examined how emoji use on X (formerly Twitter) related to users’ personality traits and language use …

Understanding How Performance Indicators Can Lead To Resistance In Behavioral Health Employees, Sheena Huntley Willis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Mindfulness In Leadership Coaching, Dominick Juliano

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Building Blocks For A Happy Life: Longitudinal Associations Between Early Life Income, Mentorship And Later Well-Being, Thomas Chan, Veronica Fruiht, Nicardo Mcinnis

Psychology | Faculty Scholarship

Longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID; N = 2996) were used to test hypotheses about the link between well‐being and financial and social developmental resources. Results suggest that higher average family income from birth to age 18, and personal and professional mentoring received between 17 and 30, were positively associated with indicators of positive well‐being and negatively related to negative indicators of well‐being. Interactions between early life family income and mentoring during emerging adulthood were not significant predictors of any of the well‐being outcomes. In all cases, the magnitudes of the coefficients became larger when simultaneously …

Religion And Spirituality In Psychotherapy: A Personal Bedrock Of Faith, Edward Shafranske

Psychology Division Scholarship

Personal beliefs and values conjoin with professional training to influence clinical practice. This article examines the role of religion and spirituality (R/S) through the lens of the author’s personal experiences and illustrates the confluence of faith, belief, identity, and practice in professional life. An autobiographical “glimpse” introduces the author’s formative experiences as a Roman Catholic and illustrates how religious narratives furnished conceptions of suffering, forgiveness, and transcendence that contributed to authentic hope for the client. Although often seemingly silent, R/S may influence psychotherapy practice. Clinical supervision provides a context to examine these personal factors.

Ciis Dissertation Abstracts, 2022-2023, California Institute Of Integral Studies

CIIS Dissertation Abstracts

This compilation of dissertation abstracts reflects the exciting research completed by the 2022-2023 graduates from PhD programs in the School of Consciousness and Transformation and the Clinical Psychology Doctorate (PsyD) in the School of Professional Psychology and Health at the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS).

The original and impactful doctoral research presented here spans diverse areas of scholarship from anthropology and social change to human sexuality, philosophy and religion, and whole person approaches to psychology, demonstrating the breadth and depth of transformative and integral inquiry happening at CIIS. The transdisciplinary nature of these dissertations reflects the richness and complexity …

A Validation Study Of The Occupational Depression Inventory In Poland And Ukraine, Krystyna Golonka, Karine O. Malysheva, Dominika Fortuna, Bożena Gulla, Leon T. De Beer, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Renzo Bianchi

Publications and Research

This study examined the psychometric and structural properties of the Polish and Ukrainian versions of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). We relied on two samples of Polish employees (NSample1 = 526, 47% female; NSample2 = 164, 64% female) and one sample of Ukrainian employees (NSample3 = 372, 73% female). In all samples, the ODI exhibited essential unidimensionality and high total-score reliability (e.g., McDonald’s omegas > 0.90). The homogeneity of the scale was strong (e.g., 0.59 ≤ scale-level Hs ≤ 0.68). The ODI’s total scores thus accurately ranked individuals on a latent occupational depression continuum. We found evidence of complete measurement invariance …

Comparison Of Vipassana Meditation With Other Mindfulness Traditions In The Response To Experimentally Induced Pain, Timothy Ian Vandiver

Psychology ETDs

This study compared various mindfulness meditators with a meditation-naïve control group on various measures of pain tolerance and response. My primary hypothesis was that meditators would show greater pain tolerance than non-meditators and that they would also show greater parasympathetic nervous system activation in response to experimentally induced pain. The results were mixed, with meditators showing no greater increase in pain tolerance post-baseline. Differences in nervous system function between the two groups were also difficult to interpret.

Another component of the study was to explore the phenomenological reports and to compare and contrast those of the meditators and non-meditators using …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Rachel J. Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Cynthia Jones, Leila Wood

Philosophy Faculty Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And The Menstrual Cycle: Theory And Evidence., Ashley G. Eng, Urveesha Nirjar, Anjeli Elkins, Yancey J. Sizemore, Krystina N. Monticello, Madeline K. Petersen, Sarah A. Miller, Jordan Barone, Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul, Michelle M. Martel

Psychology Faculty Publications

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that exhibits striking sex differences in symptoms, prevalence, and associated problems across development. Etiological factors and mechanisms underlying these sex differences remain one of the most understudied aspects of this disorder. The current paper seeks to provide a novel theoretical framework for understanding this phenomenon by reviewing evidence that females with ADHD may experience a "double whammy" of organizational and activational pubertal hormonal effects. We propose a novel theory of activational effects of cyclical circulating ovarian hormones on ADHD with increasing risk at times of rapid declines in estrogen. These declines may decrease …

Current Practices, Perceived Barriers, And Promising Implementation Strategies For Improving Quality Of Smoking Cessation Support In Accredited Cancer Programs Of The American College Of Surgeons., Jamie S. Ostroff, Eileen M. Reilly, Jessica L. Burris, Graham W. Warren, Rachel C. Shelton, Timothy W. Mullett, Just Ask Quality Improvement Task Force

Psychology Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Persistent smoking is associated with poor outcomes in cancer care. It is strongly recommended that oncology care providers provide cessation support; however, there is limited information about smoking cessation assessment and treatment patterns in routine oncology practice.

METHODS: Leaders of the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer (CoC) and National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers (National Accredited Program for Breast Cancer) elected to participate in a national quality improvement initiative (Just ASK) focused on smoking assessment/treatment in cancer care. Online baseline survey responses were received from 762 accredited programs.

RESULTS: Most programs reported regularly asking about smoking (89.9%), …

A Case Study In Leveraging Strategic Partnerships Through Trust-Based Philanthropy, Nora L. Jones, Andrew Epstein, Megan Bair-Merritt, Stacy Drucy, Lindsay Farrington, Anabel Fernández, Julia M. Fleckman, Samantha Francois, Hannah Gilbert, Carey Howard, Anita Morris, Joanna Elkes Pierce

Psychology

This practice note highlights a case study of leveraging strategic partnerships through trust-based philanthropy, a set of practices rooted in values, relationship building, mutual learning, and equity. It describes the motivations, planning, and execution of a symposium organized by, and held for, a Foundation and four of its grantees. The symposium led to the development of sustained pathways between and among the partners, resulting in productive collaborations and shared projects. This case study is shared to illustrate the argument that it is the responsibility of funders, and certainly in their self-interest, to eliminate competition between organizations to whom they provide …

Experiences Of Racial Discrimination And Adverse Gene Expression Among Black Individuals In A Level 1 Trauma Center Sample, Claire M. Bird, E. Kate Webb, Steven W. Cole, Carissa W. Tomas, Jennifer M. Knight, Sydney C. Timmer-Murillo, Christine L. Larson, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini, Lucas Torres

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Up to 40% of individuals who sustain traumatic injuries are at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the conditional risk for developing PTSD is even higher for Black individuals. Exposure to racial discrimination, including at both interpersonal and structural levels, helps explain this health inequity. Yet, the relationship between racial discrimination and biological processes in the context of traumatic injury has yet to be fully explored. The current study examined whether racial discrimination is associated with a cumulative measure of biological stress, the gene expression profile conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA), in Black trauma survivors. Two-weeks (T1) and …

Impact Of Covid-19 On Unaccompanied Immigrant Minors And Families: Perspectives From Clinical Experts And Providers, Amanda Venta, Ashley Bautista, Luz M. Garcini, Michelle Silva, Alfonso Mercado, Oscar F. Rojas Perez, Norma Pimentel, Kathryn Hampton

Psychological Science Faculty Publications

The number of unaccompanied immigrant minors (UIMs) and families from Central America seeking asylum in the U.S. continues to rise. This growth, combined with restrictive government policies, led to crowded and suboptimal conditions in Customs and Border Patrol and non-governmental organization facilities. COVID-19 further taxed facilities and exacerbated uncertainty surrounding length of detention, basic human rights, and family reunification. The current project features testimonies from the authors who work as clinical experts and providers in Texas – a top destination for Central American immigrants. In collaboration with a deputy director of a not-for-profit human rights organization, volunteer psychologists, and the …

The Dichotomy Of Threat And Deprivation As Subtypes Of Childhood Maltreatment: Differential Functional Connectivity Patterns Of Threat And Reward Circuits In An Adult Trauma Sample, Michael T. Liuzzi, Farah Harb, Kevin Petranu, Ashley A. Huggins, E. Kate Webb, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald, Jessica L. Krukowski, Tara A. Miskovich, Terri A. Deroon-Cassini, Christine L. Larson

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Childhood maltreatment is associated with reduced activation of the nucleus accumbens, , a central region in the reward network, and overactivity in the amygdala, a key region in threat processing. However, the long-lasting impact of these associations in the context of later-life stress is not well understood. The current study explored the association between childhood threat and deprivation and functional connectivity of threat and reward regions in an adult trauma sample.

Methods

Trauma survivors (N = 169; mean age [SD] = 32.2 [10.3] years; female = 55.6%) were recruited from a level I trauma center. Two weeks after …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Rachel J Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Cynthia Jones, Leila Wood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Assessment Of Patient Satisfaction And Treatment Outcomes In Digital Smile Design Vs Conventional Smile Design: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Chetan Luniyal, Anuj K Shukla, Mayank Priyadarshi, Farah Ahmed, Nishu Kumari, Pinki Bankoti, Ramanpal S Makkad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The esthetics of a smile holds significant importance in an individual's self-esteem and overall quality of life. In the realm of cosmetic dentistry, smile design has traditionally relied on conventional methods, but recent advances in technology have introduced digital smile design (DSD) as a promising alternative.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 150 adult patients seeking smile enhancement procedures were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two groups: the DSD group or the conventional smile design group. The DSD group underwent smile design using digital technology, including intraoral scans, computer-aided design, and 3D simulations. Meanwhile, the …

Influence Of Zirconia/Glass Veneer Thickness And Implant Abutment Material On The Final Shade Of Implant Restorations, Nishu Kumari, Anuj K Shukla, Rohit Malviya, Aman Raj, Bhagyashree Sutaria, Lalima Kumari, Ramanpal S Makkad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Achieving an optimal shade match for these restorations is crucial for aesthetic outcomes. The thickness of zirconia/glass veneer and the choice of implant abutment material play vital roles in determining the final shade of implant restorations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study investigated the influence of zirconia/glass veneer thickness (0.5 mm and 1.0 mm) and implant abutment material (zirconia and titanium) on the final shade of implant restorations. A total of 60 identical implant restorations were fabricated and divided into four groups based on the combinations of veneer thickness and abutment material. The shade of each restoration was assessed using …

Investigating The Long-Term Success And Complication Rates Of Zirconia Dental Implants: A Prospective Clinical Study, Anuj Kishor Shukla, Mayank Priyadarshi, Nishu Kumari, Sonal Singh, Pallavi Goswami, Sparsh B Srivastava, Ramanpal S Makkad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study addresses the durability and complications of zirconia dental implants through a prospective clinical investigation. Zirconia implants are increasingly utilized in dental implantation, and a comprehensive understanding of their long-term performance is essential.

BACKGROUND: Zirconia dental implants have gained attention due to their biocompatibility and aesthetics. However, research on their extended success and complication rates is limited.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical study involved the placement of 30 zirconia dental implants in patients requiring tooth replacement. The implants were followed up for five years. Success was defined as the implant remaining stable and functional. Complications, including peri-implant mucositis …

Racial Discrimination And Interpersonal Violence In Asian American Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Yu Lu, Elizabeth Baumler, Leila Wood, Vi D Le, Shannon P Guillot-Wright, Jeff R Temple

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Racial discrimination targeting Asians in the United States has increased sharply since the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite a well-established link with mental/physical health outcomes, little is known about how racial discrimination relates to interpersonal violence, particularly in adolescents. To address this gap in knowledge, we examined cross-sectional and longitudinal (1-year follow-up) associations between racial discrimination and interpersonal violence perpetration and victimization in Asian American adolescents in a large US city.

METHODS: Data from Waves 3 (2020) and 4 (2021) of a randomized clinical trial of a school-based violence prevention program were examined. We limited our sample to participants who identified …

Risk Factors For Post-Discharge Adverse Outcomes Following Hospitalization Among Older Adults Diagnosed With Elder Mistreatment, Monique R Pappadis, Leila Wood, Allen Haas, Jordan Westra, Yong-Fang Kuo, Charles P Mouton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Using 100% Medicare data files, this study explored whether primary elder mistreatment (EM) diagnosis, EM type, and facility type were associated with 3-year mortality and 1-year unplanned hospital readmission among older patients diagnosed with EM with hospital discharge from 10/01/2015 through 12/31/2018 (n = 11,023). We also examined outcome differences between older patients diagnosed with EM and matched non-EM patient controls. Neglect by others was the most common EM diagnosis. Three-year mortality was 56.7% and one-year readmission rate was 53.8%. Compared to matched non-EM patient controls, older EM patients were at an increased risk of mortality and readmission. Among …