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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 1050
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Depressive Symptoms And Help-Seeking Intentions In Young People., Coralie J. Wilson
Depressive Symptoms And Help-Seeking Intentions In Young People., Coralie J. Wilson
Coralie J Wilson
Whether the help-negation effect as demonstrated for suicidal thoughts was also evident for depressive symptoms was investigated in three studies of young people from diverse urban areas. The studies comprised a large sample of younger high school students (years 7-10), a sample of older high school students (years 8-12), and first year university students. A self-report questionnaire that measured help-seeking intentions, prior help-seeking experiences, and depression was administered. Results revealed the strongest inverse association between level of depressive symptoms was with intentions to seek help from parents across all three samples. There was a consistent trend for students to report …
Social Representations And Identity : Content, Process And Power, Gail Moloney, Iain Walker
Social Representations And Identity : Content, Process And Power, Gail Moloney, Iain Walker
Dr Gail Moloney
Power, social positioning, identity, and social knowledge construction underpin most contemporary social issues. However, in many instances the topic of study is the issue itself which can lead to an implicit conceptualization of the issue as static, distinct and separable from the identity, and relationships, of the groups to whom the issue pertains. Explicitly drawing from the non-individualistic perspective offered by social representations theory, this book presents an alternative view of social identity by articulating the inseparable dynamic relationships that exist between content, process and power relations when social identity is embedded in social knowledge.
Social representations and Identity: Content, …
Structure Of Food Attitudes: Replication Of Aikman, Crites, & Fabrigar (2006), Shelley N. Aikman, Stephen L. Crites Jr.
Structure Of Food Attitudes: Replication Of Aikman, Crites, & Fabrigar (2006), Shelley N. Aikman, Stephen L. Crites Jr.
Stephen L Crites Jr.
Recent research by Aikman, Crites, and Fabrigar [(2006). Beyond affect and cognition: Identification of the informational bases of food attitudes. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36, 340-382] suggests that food attitudes are comprised of five distinct informational bases: positive affect (e.g., calm, comforted), negative affect (e.g., guilty, ashamed), abstract cognitive qualities (e.g., healthy, natural), general sensory qualities (e.g., taste, smell), and specific sensory qualities (e.g., salty, greasy). The Aikman et al. (2006) research was conducted at a university on the US-Mexican border and consisted primarily of self-reported Latino participants. The present research replicates the previously identified food attitude structure at …
Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls, R H. Striegel, A M. Albertson, D L. Franko, D Thompson, A L. Eldridge, N Holschuh, S G. Affenito, R Bauserman
Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls, R H. Striegel, A M. Albertson, D L. Franko, D Thompson, A L. Eldridge, N Holschuh, S G. Affenito, R Bauserman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to describe the pattern of breakfast eating over time ("breakfast history") and examine its associations with BMI and physical activity.
RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: This longitudinal investigation of patterns of breakfast eating included 1,210 black and 1,161 white girls who participated in the 10-year, longitudinal National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS). Three-day food records were collected during annual visits beginning at ages 9 or 10 up to age 19. Linear regression and path analysis were used to estimate the associations between breakfast history, BMI, and physical activity.
RESULTS: Among girls with …
Individual Differences In Sentence Comprehension: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation Of Syntactic And Lexical Processing Demands, Chantel S. Prat, Timothy A. Keller, Marcel Adam Just
Individual Differences In Sentence Comprehension: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation Of Syntactic And Lexical Processing Demands, Chantel S. Prat, Timothy A. Keller, Marcel Adam Just
Marcel Adam Just
No abstract provided.
When And How Do Young People Seek Professional Help For Mental Health Problems?, Coralie J. Wilson
When And How Do Young People Seek Professional Help For Mental Health Problems?, Coralie J. Wilson
Coralie J Wilson
Despite the high prevalence of mental health problems and disorders that develop in adolescence and early adulthood, young people tend to not seek professional help. Young men and young people from Indigenous and ethnic minority groups tend to be those most reluctant to seek help. Young people are more inclined to seek help for mental health problems if they: have some knowledge about mental health issues and sources of help; feel emotionally competent to express their feelings; and have established and trusted relationships with potential help providers. Young people are less likely to seek help if they: are experiencing suicidal …
The Organization Of Thinking: What Functional Brain Imaging Reveals About The Neuroarchitecture Of Complex Cognition, Marcel Adam Just, Sashank Varma
The Organization Of Thinking: What Functional Brain Imaging Reveals About The Neuroarchitecture Of Complex Cognition, Marcel Adam Just, Sashank Varma
Marcel Adam Just
No abstract provided.
Lexical Ambiguity In Sentence Comprehension, Robert A. Mason, Marcel Adam Just
Lexical Ambiguity In Sentence Comprehension, Robert A. Mason, Marcel Adam Just
Marcel Adam Just
No abstract provided.
Functional And Anatomical Cortical Underconnectivity In Autism: Evidence From An Fmri Study Of An Executive Function Task And Corpus Callosum Morphometry, Marcel Adam Just, Vladimir L. Cherkassky, Timothy A. Keller, Rajesh K. Kana, Nancy J. Minshew
Functional And Anatomical Cortical Underconnectivity In Autism: Evidence From An Fmri Study Of An Executive Function Task And Corpus Callosum Morphometry, Marcel Adam Just, Vladimir L. Cherkassky, Timothy A. Keller, Rajesh K. Kana, Nancy J. Minshew
Marcel Adam Just
No abstract provided.
Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, R H. Striegel, L D. Ritchie, P Spector, M J. Stevens, M M. Schmidt, G B. Schreiber, M C. Wang, P B. Crawford
Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, R H. Striegel, L D. Ritchie, P Spector, M J. Stevens, M M. Schmidt, G B. Schreiber, M C. Wang, P B. Crawford
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Few studies have systematically used a total diet approach to classify adolescent dietary patterns. We examined dietary patterns in relation to nutrient intakes and adiposity in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study cohort of 2371 black and white girls recruited at 9-10 y of age and followed for 10 y. Serial measurements were obtained for indices of anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables. Dietary patterns for the 2 racial subgroups were separately identified by cluster analysis of 40 food groupings derived from 3-d food records. Nutrient intakes and measures of adiposity (BMI, percent …
Prediction Of Children’S Reading Skills Using Behavioral, Functional, And Structural Neuroimaging Measures, Fumiko Hoeft, Takefumi Ueno, Allan L. Reiss, Ann Meyler, Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli, Gary H. Glover, Timothy A. Keller, Nobuhisa Kobayashi, Paul Mazaika, Booil Jo, Marcel Adam Just, John D. E. Gabrieli
Prediction Of Children’S Reading Skills Using Behavioral, Functional, And Structural Neuroimaging Measures, Fumiko Hoeft, Takefumi Ueno, Allan L. Reiss, Ann Meyler, Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli, Gary H. Glover, Timothy A. Keller, Nobuhisa Kobayashi, Paul Mazaika, Booil Jo, Marcel Adam Just, John D. E. Gabrieli
Marcel Adam Just
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Support On The Initiation And Duration Of Breastfeeding, Sara L. Gill, Elizabeth Reifsnider, Joseph F. Lucke
Effects Of Support On The Initiation And Duration Of Breastfeeding, Sara L. Gill, Elizabeth Reifsnider, Joseph F. Lucke
Joseph Lucke
Researchers attempted to increase the initiation of breastfeeding and its duration to 6 months among a group of low-income, Hispanic women through an intervention program which included prenatal education and home based postpartum support. All participants were telephoned after delivery to determine infant feeding method. Duration of breastfeeding was determined by counting the number of days from initiation to the last day the baby was put to the breast. The Bayesian approach was used for the statistical analyses. In the intervention group, the propensity to initiate breastfeeding exceeded that of the control group. Results indicate the intervention group had twice …
Disentangling The Psychology And Law Of Instrumental And Reactive Subtypes Of Aggression, Reid G. Fontaine
Disentangling The Psychology And Law Of Instrumental And Reactive Subtypes Of Aggression, Reid G. Fontaine
Reid G. Fontaine
Behavioral scientists have distinguished an instrumental (or proactive) style of aggression from a style that is reactive (or hostile). Whereas instrumental aggression is cold-blooded, deliberate, and goal driven, reactive aggression is characterized by hot blood, impulsivity, and uncontrollable rage. Scholars have pointed to the distinction between murder (committed with malice aforethought) and manslaughter (enacted in the heat of passion in response to provocation) in criminal law as a reflection of the instrumental–reactive aggression dichotomy. Recently, B. J. Bushman and C. A. Anderson (2001) argued that the instrumental–reactive aggression distinction has outlived its usefulness in psychology and pointed to inconsistencies and …
The Relationship Between Gender, Bmi, Selfesteem, And Body Esteem In College Students, Adriana Pilafova, D. J. Angelone, Katrina Bledsoe
The Relationship Between Gender, Bmi, Selfesteem, And Body Esteem In College Students, Adriana Pilafova, D. J. Angelone, Katrina Bledsoe
D.J. Angelone
Reactions Of Men Of Color To A Commonly Used Rape Prevention Program: Attitude And Predicted Behavior Changes, John D. Foubert, Brandynne J. Cremedy
Reactions Of Men Of Color To A Commonly Used Rape Prevention Program: Attitude And Predicted Behavior Changes, John D. Foubert, Brandynne J. Cremedy
John D. Foubert
African American, Latino, and Asian first-year college men (36) saw The Men’s Program, an all-male rape prevention workshop, and wrote answers to four open ended questions to determine how men from non-white groups react to a commonly used rape prevention program. Using a multi-stage inductive analysis, participant responses fell into five main themes including reinforced current beliefs and/or no changes, increased awareness of rape and its effects on survivors, increased understanding of consent, plans to intervene if a rape might occur, and plans to change behavior in their own intimate situations. Participants mentioned specific ways in which they planned to …
Sexual Assault Survivors’ Perceptions Of Campus Judicial Systems., John D. Foubert, Dallas Durant
Sexual Assault Survivors’ Perceptions Of Campus Judicial Systems., John D. Foubert, Dallas Durant
John D. Foubert
The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the experiences and perceptions of college sexual assault survivors who seek formal, on-campus action against their perpetrators. The authors interviewed seven female survivors from various institutions across the country and compiled themes and suggestions relating to their experiences. Participants reported substantial dissatisfaction with both the on-campus judicial process and the outcome of that process. They also noted several key positive aspects of the on-campus judicial system. Implications for counselors and other professionals who support rape survivors are discussed.
Creating Lasting Attitude And Behavior Change In Fraternity Members And Male Student Athletes: The Qualitative Impact Of An Empathy-Based Rape Prevention Program., John D. Foubert, Brad C. Perry
Creating Lasting Attitude And Behavior Change In Fraternity Members And Male Student Athletes: The Qualitative Impact Of An Empathy-Based Rape Prevention Program., John D. Foubert, Brad C. Perry
John D. Foubert
Fraternity members and male student athletes responded to open-ended questions assessing the impact of an empathy-based rape prevention program. All participants reported either lasting attitude or behavior changes; most reported both. Participants reported increased understanding of how rape might feel and attributed this change to seeing a videotape describing a male-on-male rape situation. Participants refrained from telling jokes about rape and reported feeling more effective when helping survivors seeking assistance. These behavior changes were attributed to the videotape and to a section of the program encouraging participants to confront rape jokes and challenge sexist behaviors.
Second Language Acquisition From A Mcneillian Perspective, Gale Stam
Second Language Acquisition From A Mcneillian Perspective, Gale Stam
Gale Stam, Ph.D.
No abstract provided.
Behavior Differences Seven Months Later: Effects Of A Rape Prevention Program, John D. Foubert Ph.D., Johnathan T. Newberry, Jerry Tatum
Behavior Differences Seven Months Later: Effects Of A Rape Prevention Program, John D. Foubert Ph.D., Johnathan T. Newberry, Jerry Tatum
John D. Foubert
First-year men at a midsized public university either saw a rape prevention program or were in a control group and were asked to complete attitude and behavior surveys at the beginning and end of an academic year. Participants were also asked whether they joined fraternities during that year. With 90% of first-year men participating throughout the duration of the study, results showed that men who joined fraternities during the year and had seen a rape prevention program at the beginning of the academic year were significantly less likely to commit a sexually coercive act during the year than control group …
Predicting Breast-Feeding Attrition: Adapting The Breast-Feeding Attrition Prediction Tool, Elizabeth Reifsnider, Sarah L. Gill, Joseph F. Lucke, Angela R. Mann
Predicting Breast-Feeding Attrition: Adapting The Breast-Feeding Attrition Prediction Tool, Elizabeth Reifsnider, Sarah L. Gill, Joseph F. Lucke, Angela R. Mann
Joseph Lucke
CONTEXT: Current breast-feeding rates fall short of the recommendations set forth in Health People 2010. The Breast-feeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT), administered in the postpartum period, has been useful in predicting breast-feeding attrition. However, assessing a woman's intention to breast-feed prior to birth would identify women at risk for breast-feeding attrition.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe a revised BAPT, administered antepartally that measures intention to breast-feed.
METHODS: The BAPT, comprising 94 items on a 6-point Likert-type scale, was translated into Spanish and back-translated for accuracy. The BAPT was then revised by reducing the number of items …
Planning To Reach For An Object Changes How The Reacher Perceives It., Peter Vishton, N J. Stephens, L A. Nelson, S E. Morra, Kaitlyn L. Brunick, Jennifer A. Stevens
Planning To Reach For An Object Changes How The Reacher Perceives It., Peter Vishton, N J. Stephens, L A. Nelson, S E. Morra, Kaitlyn L. Brunick, Jennifer A. Stevens
Peter Vishton
7. The History Of Children’S Hearsay: From Old Bailey To Post-Davis., Thomas D. Lyon, Raymond Lamagna
7. The History Of Children’S Hearsay: From Old Bailey To Post-Davis., Thomas D. Lyon, Raymond Lamagna
Thomas D. Lyon
2. National Association Of Counsel For Children In Support Of Respondents. Adrian Martell Davis V. Washington, Hershel Hammon V. Indiana (2007)., Thomas D. Lyon
2. National Association Of Counsel For Children In Support Of Respondents. Adrian Martell Davis V. Washington, Hershel Hammon V. Indiana (2007)., Thomas D. Lyon
Thomas D. Lyon
No abstract provided.
Motivations For Esl Writing Improvement In Pre-University Contexts, Alister Cumming Dr., Tae-Young Kim Dr., Keanrea Eouanzaoui Dr.
Motivations For Esl Writing Improvement In Pre-University Contexts, Alister Cumming Dr., Tae-Young Kim Dr., Keanrea Eouanzaoui Dr.
Dr. Tae-Young Kim (김태영, 金兌英)
No abstract provided.
The Dynamics Of Ethnic Name Maintenance And Change: Cases Of Korean Esl Immigrants In Toronto, Tae-Young Kim Dr.
The Dynamics Of Ethnic Name Maintenance And Change: Cases Of Korean Esl Immigrants In Toronto, Tae-Young Kim Dr.
Dr. Tae-Young Kim (김태영, 金兌英)
No abstract provided.
Blink And They're Gone: A "Quick-Take" On Impulse Purchase Behavior And Enrollment Marketing In Higher Education, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Vahn Knight
Blink And They're Gone: A "Quick-Take" On Impulse Purchase Behavior And Enrollment Marketing In Higher Education, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Vahn Knight
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
The college-decision process that prospective students make has been characterized as deliberate and prolonged -- a classic extensive problem solving behavior model. New research indicates that a significant proportion of students engage in impluse purchase behavior when choosing a college. Marketing implications for enrollment management and "Blink An Intervention Model" are presented
Technological Iatrogenesis: New Risks Force Heightened Management Awareness, Patrick Albert Palmieri
Technological Iatrogenesis: New Risks Force Heightened Management Awareness, Patrick Albert Palmieri
Patrick Albert Palmieri
Iatrogenesis is a term typically reserved to express the state of ill health or the adverse outcome resulting from a medical intervention, or lack thereof. Three types of iatrogenesis are described in the literature: clinical, social and cultural. This paper introduces a fourth type, technological iatrogenesis, or emerging errors stimulated by the infusion of technological innovations into complex healthcare systems. While health information technologies (HIT) have helped to make healthcare safer, this has also produced contemporary varieties of iatrogenic errors and events. The potential pitfalls of technological innovations and risk management solutions to address these concerns are discussed. Specifically, failure …
Complex Problem Solving: The European Perspective - 10 Years After, Joachim Funke, Peter A. Frensch
Complex Problem Solving: The European Perspective - 10 Years After, Joachim Funke, Peter A. Frensch
Joachim Funke
Hiv Dna And Dementia In Treatment-Naïve Hiv-1-Infected Individuals In Bangkok, Thailand, Robert H. Paul, Bruce Shiramizu, Silvia Ratto-Kim, Pasiri Sithinamsuwan, Samart Nidhinandana, Sataporn Thitivichianlert, George Watt, Mark Desouza, Thippawan Chuenchitra, Suchitra Sukwit, Suwicha Chitpatima, Kevin Robertson, Cecilia M. Shikuma, Victor Valcour
Hiv Dna And Dementia In Treatment-Naïve Hiv-1-Infected Individuals In Bangkok, Thailand, Robert H. Paul, Bruce Shiramizu, Silvia Ratto-Kim, Pasiri Sithinamsuwan, Samart Nidhinandana, Sataporn Thitivichianlert, George Watt, Mark Desouza, Thippawan Chuenchitra, Suchitra Sukwit, Suwicha Chitpatima, Kevin Robertson, Cecilia M. Shikuma, Victor Valcour
Robert Paul
A Developmental Study Of The Structural Integrity Of White Matter In Autism, Timothy A. Keller, Rajesh K. Kana, Marcel Adam Just
A Developmental Study Of The Structural Integrity Of White Matter In Autism, Timothy A. Keller, Rajesh K. Kana, Marcel Adam Just
Marcel Adam Just
No abstract provided.