Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

There Is A Bias In Aviation Against Research That Is Perceived To Be “Easy”, Stephen Rice, Scott R. Winter, Nicola M. O'Toole

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The purpose of conducting research is to make contributions to the body of knowledge. In managing research studies, researchers are often forced to make decisions on a series of tradeoffs due to scarce resources. They may have to select participants from certain accessible populations, limit the time required to conduct the study, or use a minimal number of researchers due to funding constraints. The purpose of this current study was to examine for a possible bias on the perceived value of scientific research based on the location in which the data was collected, the amount of time required to complete …

Difference In Attitudes Toward Crew Resource Management Based On Nationality, Christoph Zurman, Herbert O. Hoffmann, Hans-Joachim K. Ruff-Stahl

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The E-3A Airborne Early Warning and Control System aircraft operates with multinational crewmembers from 15 different nations on 12 different aircrew positions. Given this non-standard cultural environment, the authors explored the differences in the attitude toward Crew Resource Management (CRM), based on nationality, and how these differences could be used as a predictor for other nationalities attitudes. The potential benefit of this study may be, that CRM methods could be developed further to either work universally, independent to national or cultural backgrounds, or be adjusted for different cultural contexts in order to be even more effective. Primary data was gathered …

Collegiate Aviation Pilots: Analyses Of Fatigue Related Decision-Making Scenarios, Julius Keller, Flavio Coimbra Mendonca Mr, Jason E. Cutter

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

According to Dawson and McCulloch (2005), indicating factors for pilot fatigue may be difficult to ascertain. However, fatigue is a probable cause in 15%-20% of all aircraft accidents (Akerstedt, 2000). It may be assumed fatigue has been important latent condition for many of the general aviation incidents and or accidents but not necessarily identified as a probable cause. Events that barely missed a detrimental situation due to fatigue, often go unnoticed and or unreported. Furthermore, fatigue can influence the quality of flight instruction and flight operations overall. The purpose of the current paper was to examine fatigue related decision-making responses …

A Trust In Air Traffic Controllers (T-Atc) Scale, Bradley S. Baugh, Scott R. Winter

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Trust is a concept that cannot be easily measured. Further, trust is domain-specific. Trust is a foundational aspect of safe flight operations in the National Airspace System, and while there has been much attention to trust in teams and trust in automation, there appears to be a gap in knowledge of a pilot’s trust in air traffic controllers. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Trust in Air Traffic Controllers (T-ATC) scale, a summative scale to measure a pilot’s trust in air traffic controllers. This study followed a three-step methodology. In steps one and two, words …

An Annotated Bibliography Of Financial Therapy Research: 2010 To 2018, Christina Glenn, Brandy Caulfield, Megan A. Mccoy, Jordan R. Curtis, Nathan Gale, Nathan Astle

Journal of Financial Therapy

The purpose of this paper is to expand upon Mentzer, Britt, Samuelson, and Herrera’s (2010) annotated bibliography of research conducted in the field of financial therapy prior to 2010 and provide readers with a current overview of financial therapy research published since that time. Annotated bibliographies are categorized by topics and future research in each area is suggested. In addition, two tables were developed to provide readers a snapshot of the current landscape of financial therapy. The first table provides a list of journals of published articles featuring financial therapy or related topics. The second table provides an overview of …

Perceived Differences In Pitch By Musicians And Non-Musicians, Kristine Garrett

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

This experiment was conducted to analyze pitch perception in musicians and non-musicians. Previous researchers found that musicians had better pitch perception than non-musicians. Furthermore, violinists were found to perform best on pitch perception tests, whereas pianists and percussionists did not perform as well. Among non-musicians, music listening has been reported to affect the frequencies people are able to hear. Based on these findings, I tested three hypotheses: (1) Musicians will be able to detect small changes in frequency more accurately than non-musicians, (2) Classical musicians who play self-tunable instruments will outperform other musicians and singers, and (3) In non-musicians, the …

Table Of Contents, Mssj Staff

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

No abstract provided.

Race And Racism In The Historical Imagination: Slavery And Civil Rights In Popular Culture, Denise Lynn, Sakina Hughes, Aimee Adam

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

Because Hollywood films often lack black representation, films on slavery and civil rights often fail to recognize the roles that black Americans have played in their own emancipation from slavery and in the civil rights movement. Our contention is that historically inaccurate films perpetuate inaccurate understandings of Black history and thus inform contemporary race relations. We selected a more and a less accurate film about slavery and about the civil rights movement, discussing these four films in terms of their historical context.

We also conducted an experiment. After watching one of the four movies, or after viewing no movie, participants …

The Impact Of Perspective In Identifying And Responding To Potential Sexual Misconduct: A Study Of University Students, Nichole Maki Weller, Kathy Parkison, Steven R. Cox, Michael Plummer

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

Recent events have demonstrated a divergent understanding of sexual harassment and other forms of sexual misconduct. Although sociocultural standards regarding sexual misconduct have changed over time, including improved social and workplace standards and protections, it is clear that not everyone views these events through the same lens. The lens is even less clear when potential misconduct is viewed from the distinct perspectives of a “victim” and a “perpetrator.” We surveyed 424 undergraduate and graduate students at Indiana University Kokomo to identify the impact of perspective and various sociodemographic characteristics that may influence perceptions of what is, and is not, sexual …

Genealogical Trends In Solving Cold Cases: An Investigation Into The Merits And Concerns With New Cold-Case Lead Development, Katie Smolucha, Tyler Counsil

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

In the criminal justice system, not all offenders are brought to justice; unfortunately, cold cases exist and provide long-term challenges to investigators. From historic breakthroughs in forensic DNA analysis to today’s new trends, advancements in technology continue to give investigators hope of resolving unsolved mysteries with no clear-cut suspect. This article examines the progression of DNA analysis over the past three decades and explores the recent trends in the use of genealogy websites to solve cold cases. DNA technology’s innovative uses, from its early years to modern, are explored herein. By exploring traditional DNA analysis to advances that explore the …

Moral Decision Making, Baylie Fowler, Tommi Donnelly-Julian

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

This study was conducted to assess the association between implicit biases and moral decision making. Implicit biases can control how we treat people and who we choose to associate ourselves with. We sought to determine if triggering those biases would cause a quantitative increase in moral decision making. We asked participants in the experimental group to complete the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, Banajo, & Nosek, 1998a), two parts of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (Graham, Haidt, & Nosek, 2008) and a demographics questionnaire. No statistically significant differences were found in control vs experimental groups in terms of their morality scores …

Tattoos In The Workplace, Megan Hamilton

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

This study looked at the current stance of the general public on acceptability of visible tattoos in the workplace. Participants included ages 18 to 66, which were recruited from Facebook, Twitter, and Reddit. Participants took part in an online Qualtrics survey consisting of 25 questions. These questions involved demographics, opinions on acceptability of tattoos in the workplace, factors took into thought when deciding if tattoos should be acceptable in the workplace, as well as questions relating to stereotypes of people that have tattoos. My hypotheses were 1) More people will claim tattoos are acceptable than they are unacceptable in the …

Athletes' Openness To Sexuality, Tereza Melicharkova

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

There are several studies that suggest a biological indicator linked to homosexuality among men (see for example, LeVay & Hamer, 1994); however, such a finding is lacking among women. The studies that were focused on homosexuality among women were focused only on the prevailing stereotypes (Blinde & Taub, 1992; Knight & Giuliano, 2003; Mereish & Poteat, 2015; Morandini Blaszczynski, Costa, Godwin, & Dar-Nimrod, 2017). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out whether the proportion of lesbians among athletes does differ from the general population and if there is any difference between individual sports and team sports. Several …

Correlational Study Between Emotional Intelligence And The Use Of Online Dating, Aleksander E. Mansdoerfer

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

This study sought to answer if there is a correlational relationship between an individual’s emotional intelligence quotient and individual use of dating applications such as tinder or bumble. Participants from the Lindenwood University Participant Pool and the researcher’s social network were asked to answer anonymously to a two-part survey. The first part of the survey had the participants self rate their emotional intelligence by answer nineteen questions, and the second part of the study asked questions about an individuals habits and experience with online dating applications. A total of 77 participants completed the study, and their ages ranged between 18 …

Prologue, Michiko Nohara-Leclair

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

No abstract provided.

Women's Place In The World, Jennifer Johnson

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

When discussing gender roles and feelings towards women, they are held in lower standards than men. In society, home life, and the workplace, women are less respected than their male counterparts. I hypothesize that 1) societal expectations for women will match with traditional gender norms, 2) participants who indicate that they are religious will have a more traditional view of women’s roles, 3) some religions will show a more traditional view of women’s roles than others, 4) women will be seen as less competent than men in the workplace, and 5) women will not be as respected as men in …

The Universal Image: Are Mental Images Formed Using Prototypes?, G. Adam Martz

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

This study explores the formation of mental images. Two opposing theories are reviewed concerning what influences which specific examples we choose to picture when supplied with vague concepts. The more prominent “descriptive theory” assumes that mental images are formed using the same methods of categorization and recall that other mental processes follow. Due to the descriptive theory’s similarity to the linguistic concept of prototypicality, the mental images formed by twelve participants are examined to determine whether linguistic prototypicality or our personal preferences have a higher impact in how mental images develop. A wide degree of variance in how participants perceived …

Gender Inclusivity And Discrimination On College Campuses: Focusing On Gender Nonconforming Students, Mariah Palmer

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

Previous research reveals that transgender individuals suffer with greater mental health concerns than cisgender individuals (Borgogna, McDermott, Aita, & Kridel, 2018). Moreover, transgender and gender nonconforming students are experiencing more difficultly in college than their cisgender peers. The data show that transgender students experience greater levels of trauma, stressors in life, harassment, and discrimination (Greathouse et al., 2018; James et al., 2016; Swanbrow Becker et al., 2017). Further, James et al., (2016) found that the climate on campus has led some transgender students to drop out of their higher education institute. The current research examined both transgender or gender nonconforming …

Prevalence Of Psychopathology Among Syrian Refugees And Future Outlook, Ahmad Hassan, Wassim Hassan, Ismail El Hailouch

Modern Psychological Studies

Nearly one millions Syrian refugees registered by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) currently reside in Lebanon, making it the country hosting the highest number of Syrian refugees in the Middle Eastern region (ILO Employment Profile, 2014). While there are geographical differences in the levels of security, access to medical aid and relief, and socio-economic conditions that the refugees experience depending on where they settle, the vast majority of Syrian refugees are living in tragic conditions. The population of Lebanon has increased by around 25% since the advent of the Syrian civil war in March of 2011, putting …