Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Disparate Financial Assistance Support For Small Business Owners, Sophia Fox-Dichter, Daniel Auguste, Mathieu Despard, Michal Grinstein-Weiss

Social Policy Institute Research

Small business owners experienced a drastic economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Government pandemic assistance failed to reach many small business owners, especially those historically underserved by financial institutions. Drawing on a 2021 survey of 246 small business owners, the Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis descriptively examined the extent to which small business owners sought and received business assistance, and whether applications and approval of government assistance varied by race and ethnicity. We find that though Hispanic and Black business owners applied for government assistance at a higher rate than white business owners, Black business …

The Impact Of Paid Sick Leave Laws On Consumer And Business Bankruptcies, Michelle Miller

Economics Faculty Works

This paper examines how missed income due to illness impacts household fragility. Specifically, it shows that paid sick leave laws, which provide households insurance against illness-related income shocks, reduce consumer bankruptcy. Using a panel dataset at the county-quarter level, this paper exploits the geographic and temporal variation in the adoption of paid sick leave laws to implement a difference-in-differences and event study analysis. It finds that paid sick leave laws reduce consumer bankruptcy filings by approximately 11%; this effect is seen within three quarters of the law’s implementation and remains constant in magnitude and significance thereafter. As paid sick leave …

Invisible Hurdles: Gender And Institutional Differences In The Evaluation Of Economics Papers, Fulya Ersoy, Jennifer Pate

Economics Faculty Works

How might the visibility of an author’s name and/or institutional affiliation allow bias to enter the evaluation of economics papers? We ask highly qualified journal editors to review abstracts of solo-authored papers which differ along the dimensions of gender and institution of the author. We exogenously vary whether editors observe the name and/or institution of the author. We identify positive name visibility effects for female economists and positive institution visibility effects for economists at the top institutions. Our results suggest that male economists at top institutions benefit the most from non-blind evaluations, followed by female economists (regardless of their institution).

Mandatory Schooling Of Girls Improved Their Children’S Health: Evidence From Turkey’S 1997 Education Reform, Bahadır Dursun, Resul Cesur, Inas R. Kelly

Economics Faculty Works

This study examines the impact of mandatory maternal education on child health in Turkey, where a non-trivial fraction of families restricted their daughters’ schooling due to social and cultural barriers. The analysis employs two large data sets and exploits a quasi-experiment involving an education reform that increased compulsory schooling. Results show that an increase in mother's schooling improves child health at birth (as measured by factors such as low birth weight and premature birth) and lowers child mortality. The current study on the intergenerational benefits of compulsory schooling arguably provides the strongest evidence supporting the argument that mandatory female education …

Covid-19 School Re-Openings: The Effect On Women’S Labor Force Participation, Isabella Difeo

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

As schools and daycares closed in March of 2020, mothers left the labor market in droves, either completely giving up their jobs or significantly cutting back on hours in order to care for children and/or help facilitate online learning. Furthermore, fields historically dominated by women were particularly hard hit, such as education, hospitality, and retail causing many women who may not be mothers to leave the work force as well. This paper considers how women’s labor force participation has changed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and how the re-opening of schools, in particular, has impacted women’s return to the workforce. Triple …

Microeconomic Theory, Giri Parameswaran

Economics Faculty Scholarship

This open education textbook is comprised of two parts: Analytical Methods of Economics and Intermediate Microeconomics. Each part supports courses (ECON 201 & ECON 300) in Haverford College's Economics curriculum.

Use of this work governed by a CC BY-NC license.

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 6, Number 1, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Highlights Of The Borderplex Economic Outlook To 2023, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

'Indirect Pathways Into Practice': Philippine Internationally Educated Nurses And Their Entry Into Ontario's Nursing Profession, Lualhati Marcelino

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

While there are several studies that highlight the quantitative and statistical profiles of internationally educated nurses (IENs) from the Philippines who migrate to countries throughout Asia, the Middle East, Europe, the United States and Canada, there is little research that delves deeply into the qualitative review and analysis of their experiences in their own words. This study addresses that gap by applying the transnational feminist concept of “global care chains” in a single case study design that explores the experience of nurses who migrated to Ontario through permanent and temporary immigration streams and were interviewed in 2011 to 2012 to …

ผลกระทบของการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาล ที่มีต่อมูลค่าบริษัทที่จดทะเบียนในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย, พชรพล ศุขอร่าม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาในครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลกระทบของการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาล ที่มีต่อมูลค่าบริษัท อัตราผลตอบแทนจากสินทรัพย์รวม อัตราผลตอบแทนต่อส่วนของผู้ถือหุ้น และต้นทุนเงินทุนถัวเฉลี่ยถ่วงน้ำหนักของบริษัทที่จดทะเบียนในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทย โดยเก็บข้อมูลจากงบการเงินของบริษัทในดัชนี SET 100 ระหว่างปี พ.ศ. 2558 – 2562 รวมจำนวนทั้งสิ้น 240 กลุ่มตัวอย่าง ประกอบด้วยชุดข้อมูลของ 48 บริษัทจำนวน 5 ปี ใช้การวิเคราะห์สถิติเชิงพรรณนาและสถิติเชิงอนุมานในการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล ผลการศึกษาพบว่า การเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาลที่เพิ่มขึ้นส่งผลกระทบให้มูลค่าบริษัทและอัตราผลตอบแทนจากสินทรัพย์รวมมีค่าเพิ่มขึ้น นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาลที่เพิ่มขึ้น ทั้งภาพรวมและแต่ละองค์ประกอบยังส่งผลกระทบให้ต้นทุนเงินทุนถัวเฉลี่ยถ่วงน้ำหนักของบริษัทลดลง ดังนั้นผลการศึกษาในครั้งนี้จึงเป็นการสนับสนุนให้บริษัทมีการเปิดเผยข้อมูลด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม และบรรษัทภิบาลมากขึ้น เนื่องจากบริษัทที่เปิดเผยข้อมูลมักถูกมองว่ามีความรับผิดชอบต่อสังคมและสิ่งแวดล้อม ช่วยเสริมภาพลักษณ์ให้แก่บริษัทและดึงดดูนักลงทุนได้ ยิ่งไปกว่านั้น การเปิดเผยข้อมูลยังส่งผลให้บริษัทมีความเสี่ยงที่ลดลง มีอันดับความน่าเชื่อถือที่ดีขึ้นส่งผลให้ต้นทุนทางการเงินลดลง อีกนัยหนึ่งคือมีมูลค่าบริษัทที่เพิ่มขึ้น

Political Regimes, Labor Markets, And Equity In Myanmar, Ohmar Khine

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Myanmar’s military coup d’état on February 1, 2021 started yet another government wholly controlled by the military dictatorship that has governed the country for the past 54 of 75 years after the independence from the British Empire in 1948. This thesis research deals with the effect of the past military government on Myanmar economy. The overall goal of this thesis is to examine the impacts of the military government on occupational options relating to historical events and other factors that influenced labor markets in Myanmar and, specifically, the equality among various citizens. The first section of the thesis deals with …

Fdi Spillover Channels On Chinese Provincial Economic Growth, Yiqing Wang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

China has been opened to the world over several years and make great success in economic growth. Most of the previous literatures have analyzed the determinants of economic growth and the effect of FDI on economic growth in China. However, seldom of them analyze the relationship of FDI and its spillover effect on economic growth through R&D and human capital channels using provincial data. The study employs provincial panel data during period 2006-2018 to estimate the relationship of FDI, FDI spillover from R&D and human capital, R&D, and human capital on economic growth under the consideration of Special economic Zone …

Editor's Note, Marites Tiongco

DLSU Business & Economics Review

No abstract provided.

Grey Directors On Philippine Corporate Boards, Ailyn A. Shi, Evan Lance C. Li Liao, Angelo A. Unite, Michael J. Sullivan

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Independent directors on a firm’s board are theorized to enhance corporate governance by mitigating agency conflicts. However, some independent directors, referred to as grey directors, have prior relationships with managers that may hamper this role. Using data for Philippine firms, we construct a measure that categorizes independent directors as truly independent or grey, based on the 12 criteria used to define board independence as stipulated in the 2017 Philippine Corporate Governance Code. This measure is used to examine which firms are more likely to appoint grey directors and how the presence of grey directors affects firm performance. Consistent with agency …

Does Capital Adequacy Affect Bank Performance? A Comparative Study Of Select Public And Private Sector Banks In India, Shakeeb Mohammad Mir, Farooq Ahmad Shah

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between capital adequacy (CA) and the performance of select public and private sector banks and thereby to attain an insight of whether the capital adequacy maintenance affects bank performance differently or not based on their nature of concern.

Design/methodology/approach – The study utilized a balanced panel data set using bank level data of 37 banks indexed at Bombay stock exchange (BSE) across public and private sector for the period of 10 years (2009-2018). The study takes 370 observation into consideration (i.e.,37 banks over time frame of 10 years). …

An Experimental Study: Audit Quality Importance On Selecting A Public Accountant Firm (Paf), Ruth Samantha Hamzah, Efva Octavina Donata Gozali, -- Patmawati

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The study aims to emphasize the importance of knowledge of audit quality on Public Accountant Firm (PAF) selection for a company by employing a 2x1 factorial design between-subject. To achieve this goal, we identified differences between the experimental and control groups. The experimental group was given knowledge of audit quality, whereas the control group had no treatment during the process selection of PAF. There were 10 indicators used in term of audit quality, namely audit workload, business expertise, audit turnover, audit hours, result of employee satisfaction surveys, partner compensation, result of client satisfaction surveys, PCAOB inspection results, restatements on audit …

A Theoretical Approach In Explaining The Impact Of Remittances On The Macroeconomy: Evidence From An Overlapping Generations Model For The Philippines, John Paolo R. Rivera

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Despite the constraints posed by the coronavirus pandemic on the global movement of migrant workers, cash remittance inflows remained to be a significant component of the Philippine economy. It still comprises a significant proportion of the economy’s gross domestic product and exceeds the influx of overseas development assistance and foreign direct investments. On top of the various empirical studies discussing the effects of remittances on the macroeconomy, I took the theoretical approach in explicating its impact on the macroeconomy. Through a micro-founded macro-model overlapping generations model, I trace the effects of remittances on the path of steady-state aggregate income, capital …

Small Area Estimates Of Poverty In Region Iii, Caesar B. Cororaton, Arlene B. Inocencio, Alellie B. Sobreviñas, Emmanuel Dc. Barnedo

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Official estimates of the Philippine Statistical Authority (PSA) poverty incidence prior to 2018 are reliable up to the regional level as these are consistent with the sampling domain of the data used for estimation. Below this level, the PSA poverty estimates are unreliable because of very large sampling errors. The high level of unreliability makes the estimates less useful for poverty policy targeting. This paper addresses this concern by combining the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) and the Census of Population and Housing (CPH) data and using an increasingly accepted technique for small area estimation (SAE). We estimate the …

A Light Purse Is A Heavy Curse: A Systematic Review, Evan Lau, Suzie Adee

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The high level and rising cost in living standard conditions are affecting the individual’s and household’s savings behavior vividly in their day to day life. The general concern arises when individuals fail to address their retirement planning, problem that might affect the next generation. The need to boost financial knowledge and nurture savings behavior are essential to financial planning for retirement well-being. This current research establishes the understanding of how financial literacy influences savings habits for retirement well-being. Systematic review analysis was conducted, traced and implemented on academic databases from the period of 2006 to 2021. A total of 280 …

The Mediating Effects Of Perceived Value Between The Relationship Of Social Media Marketing And Purchase Intention, Tyron W. Yap

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The objective of this study is to test the mediating role of the dimensions of perceived value—conditional, epistemic, monetary, social, convenience, and emotional—between the relationship of social media marketing and purchase intention, in online hotel booking sites. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test all 19 hypotheses. Results revealed that social media marketing positively and significantly influences the dimensions of perceived value, as well as purchase intention. Also, convenience value and conditional value are positively and significantly related to purchase intention. In terms of the mediating effects, it was found that both convenience value and conditional …

Impact Of Cooperative Membership On Technical Efficiency And Marketing Efficiency: The Case Of Dairy Buffalo Farmers In The Philippines, Ceptryl S. Mina, Agham C. Cuevas

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Collective action by smallholder farmers through cooperative membership is regarded as one of the approaches to overcome production and marketing inefficiencies. This study investigates the impact of cooperative membership on the technical efficiency (TE) and marketing efficiency (ME) of dairy buffalo farmers in the Philippines. A total of 351 (249 cooperative members and 102 non-cooperative members) randomly selected farmers from Regions II, III, IV-A, and VII were interviewed. Using cross-sectional farm household data of dairy buffalo farmers, technical and marketing efficiencies were estimated. Linear regression with endogenous treatment was performed to determine the impact of cooperative membership on the TE …

Are Emotionally Stable Employees More Ready To Change? The Moderating Role Of Emotional Stability On The Effect Of Organizational Culture Types On Individual Readiness For Change, Aktsar Hamdi Tsalits, Gugup Kismono, Luksi Visita, Dian Eka Mayasari

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Organizational culture is suggested as a significant predictor of individual readiness for change (IRFC). However, few studies examining the effect of organizational culture types on individual readiness for change showed inconsistent results. This study aims to fill the gap, specifically by testing the moderating effect of emotional stability on the effect of perceived organizational culture types (clan and adhocracy) on individual readiness for change. We obtained 264 responses from employees who worked at the SM Company, one of the companies in Indonesia that performed a change in the company. Results of moderated regression analysis on the collected data indicate support …

Analysis Of The Influence Of Cryptocurrency Regulation On Levels Of Financial Literacy, Kieran C. Yuen

Dissertations and Theses

Using data collected by the National Financial Capability Study (NFCS), a survey by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), this paper investigates the influence of passage of cryptocurrency regulation in U.S. states on levels of financial literacy. Results indicate that living in a state where cryptocurrency regulation was signed into law, a decrease was observed in the level of financial literacy. This finding supports the growing literature on factors that affect levels of financial literacy using a novel exogenous variable, cryptocurrency regulation.

The Nexus Of Climate Change, Biodiversity, And Food Security: A Brazil Case Study, Andrew M. Berger

Dissertations and Theses

What is referred to as climate change today is the rapid warming of the climate, largely from human actions, and the effects that come with that warming. One study published by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in 2021 argues that, “human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases have caused increases in global average temperatures, changes in precipitation timing and intensity, rising sea levels, and many other changes.” A Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) study found that when looking at the number of countries exposed to climate extremes in five year periods from 2000 to 2020, the number of countries “exposed …

Impact Of College Extracurricular Involvement On Entrepreneurial Outcomes, Emily Malech

CMC Senior Theses

Despite extensive inquiry, relatively little is understood about the factors which shape entrepreneurs as young adults. This paper examines the impact of college extracurricular involvement on the entrepreneurial outcomes of alumni; it considers which extracurricular activities are most strongly associated with entrepreneurship. Additionally, it explores whether the number of extracurricular activities participated in by students impacts their proclivity for entrepreneurship. It observes 219 alumni of Claremont McKenna College and uses data from the institution’s public records as well as alumni’s LinkedIn profiles. This data contains information on entrepreneurship, indicated by job titles, and five extracurricular activities. Using a probit model …

Cafos And Surface Water Quality: Evidence From Wisconsin, Zach Raff, Andrew G. Meyer

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) – animal feeding operations with over 1,000 animal units in confined spaces – have proliferated over the past 30 years in the United States. CAFOs provide operational cost savings, but higher animal concentrations in confined spaces can generate external costs, e.g., non-point source water pollution. In this study, we improve on previous research designs to estimate the relationship between the growth in CAFOs and surface water quality using longitudinal data on a large spatial scale. We use a panel dataset from 1995-2017 that links CAFO intensity with nearby surface water quality readings in Wisconsin to …

Reinventing Opportunities For Argentina: Vista Oil And Gas, Emiliano Cabrera

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

In the last century, Argentina faced an astonishing economic downturn that remains until today, frustrating all who learn its economic history, explore the country's potential, and stay in tune with its political-economic present. This research examines Argentina's economic history, revises the main drivers that signed its economic drama, and proposes guidelines to address new opportunities by encouraging its private sector. By using Vista Oil and Gas as an exemplary case, this work proposes Vista's business model as an initiative perfectly compatible with the primary macroeconomic needs that Argentina currently has that should be highly considered for developing its private sector. …

The Impact Of Immigration On Unemployment And Wages In The United States: Evidence From Seven States, Carol Ohenewa Bruce-Tagoe

Masters Theses

Immigration and Immigration policies have been a source of debate for political parties in the United States, especially its impact on the labor market. This research investigates how immigration affects unemployment and wages in the U.S. by using a balanced panel dataset of seven states from 2007 to 2019. The states (California, New York, Florida, Texas, New Jersey, Illinois, and Massachusetts) sampled recorded the highest immigrant population and contain key gateway cities. I estimate two models: unemployment growth rate, and wages growth rate. The results of the pooled OLS estimation confirm that immigration has a trivial impact on the U.S. …

Purpose Built Communities: A Concentrated Urban Poverty Intervention, Shannon R. Bergman

Theses and Dissertations

This collective case study research evaluated how the concentrated urban poverty revitalization model administered by Purpose Built Communities (PBC) works to mitigate or eliminate intergenerational poverty and create thriving neighborhoods. There are 5 elements to the PBC revitalization model: (a) mixed-income housing, (b) a cradle-to-college educational accountability system, (c) focus on community health, (d) a tightly defined geographic neighborhood, and (e) the assignment of a Community Quarterback (CQ). This research demonstrated iterative improvements in the socioeconomic well-being of adults and children from the inception of the revitalized community. This was evaluated by adult employment rates, childhood educational achievement, and health …

Mechanism And Methods Of Early Prevention Of Bank Insolvency, Morgan Alexander Fox

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Early detection of the financial condition of commercial banks is especially relevant in modern conditions of economic turbulence related to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The article provides a brief overview of the applied methods in the early detection of financial problems and prevention of bank insolvency. This study also explains the use and purpose of systems such as CAMELS and multivariate analysis models.The article illustrates the necessity of the complex use of multivariate analysis models and averaging simulation results in obtaining the most reliable results.A mechanism is offered for organizing the process of early prevention of bank insolvency.When implementing this …