Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Historical Reappearance: Tracing The Impacts Of Argentina's Los Desaparecidos To The Rise Of President Javier Milei, Analise Sofia Chain

Undergraduate Honors Theses

In 1976 the Argentine government was taken over by a right wing military junta, attempting to “save” their country from communism. Military officials kidnapped, tortured and killed between 10,000 and 30,000 Argentine citizens, who were thought of as “guerrillas” supporting the leftist government and the late president Juan Perón. These victims are regarded as the disappeared, or Los Desaparecidos; due to the fact their families had no knowledge of where their loved ones were taken, or what was happening to them. Many of these young, liberal advocates were never seen or heard from again, their remains lost to history, and …

Key Success Factors Of Strategic Transformation For Sino-French Cooperation In The Development Of Third-Party Markets In Africa, Bin Wang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

The most popular form of third-party market cooperation is an innovative international economic and trade cooperation model initiated by China under the context of the “Belt and Road” initiative nowadays. Although China and France, as non-state actors, have actively promoted trilateral cooperation and improved various agreements, the trilateral countries have not achieved effective resource complementarity due to differences in political and economic systems and goals, resulting in high complexity in the cooperation process.

Therefore, the research topic of this study is dedicated to addressing this pain point and assisting Chinese enterprises in leveraging third-party markets to expand overseas business under …

The Role Of Discrete Emotions In Job Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis, Courtney E. Williams, Jane Shumski Thomas, Andrew A. Bennett, George C. Banks, Allison Toth, Alexandra M. Dunn, Andrew Mcbride, Janaki Gooti

Management Faculty Publications

[Summary] The relationship between emotions and job satisfaction is widely acknowledged via affective events theory (AET). Despite its widespread use, AET was not designed to address why specific emotions might differentially relate to job satisfaction. We utilize appraisal theory of emotion to refine AET and provide this nuanced theorizing. We meta‐analytically test our ideas with 235 samples across 99 883 individuals and 22 600 intra‐individual episodes. We test two approaches—specific emotion experiences (16 discrete emotions) versus general emotion experiences (positive or negative emotions)—and present empirical evidence of their similarities and differences with job satisfaction. Our findings suggest that specific emotions …

Decoding Job Market Trends: Chatgpt’S Influence On Soft And Hard Skill Demands, Larkin Barnard-Bahn

Scripps Senior Theses

As the abilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) grow, automation anxiety (the fear of being replaced by technology) has plagued the workforce—especially after the launch of the advanced Generative AI tool ChatGPT. To avoid structural unemployment, workers may need to invest in developing skills not easily replaced by AI. Some scholars argue that AI is less able to replicate soft skills than hard skills, but the literature lacks studies that indicate a causal effect across industries and occupations. This paper investigates how the public release of ChatGPT has influenced the demand for soft skills relative to hard skills in the U.S. …

Assessing The Impact Of The Great Recession On The Rust Belt States: A Policy Analysis, Cederick Charles

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

This research examines at the wide-ranging effects of the Great Recession, which struck the Rust Belt states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Wisconsin between 2007 and 2009. The study uses historical economic data and state-level policy responses from 2005 to 2015, including GDP and unemployment, and examines the various policies implemented to combat this substantial economic slump. These policies include investments in infrastructure, job creation programs, industrial support, and aid for vulnerable populations. Beyond immediate responses, the research takes into account the region's long-term recovery trajectory. By evaluating different policy choices and the …

Taking Flight Or Taking A Pass? Exploring Factors Influencing Consumer Willingness To Pay For Evtol Travel, David C. Ison

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) industry is experiencing significant growth due to technological advancements and increasing demand for efficient travel experiences. The market is expected to reach $45 billion by 2030, with major players like Joby, Archer, Beta, and Wisk dominating. This study aimed to assess public willingness to pay for AAM services using eVTOLs, using Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform. The survey yielded a response rate of 85.8%, with 1,622 completed surveys. The study found that younger urban consumers were more willing to pay higher prices for AAM electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft trips than older participants, possibly …

A 3-Step, Open-Data, Ride-Hailing Ridership Model With Pricing Applications, Richard A. Mucci

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Researchers and practitioners studied the effects ride-hailing had in cities before the covid-19 pandemic. Previous research found ride-hailing to produce negative externalities, such as reducing transit ridership and increasing congestion in various cities. Since the pandemic, ride-hailing ridership has nearly recovered to pre-pandemic levels in Chicago. Ride-hailing ridership has grown steadily since the pandemic while a rider’s willingness to share their trip stagnated. Ride-hailing ridership nearly recovering to pre-covid levels in Chicago suggests that transportation planners, and policy makers, will need to continue assessing the impacts ride-hailing trips have in their cities.

Pickup and drop off locations in the Chicago …

Differential Impacts Of Weather Anomalies On Household Energy Expenditure Shares: A Comparison Of Clustered Panel Analysis Methods, Jordan Champion

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

Recent emphasis on environmental justice has highlighted deficiencies in our energy system that produce disparities in accessibility and affordability for the most vulnerable. Meanwhile, the realities of a gradually warming climate and the onset of a global energy crisis (IEA 2022) have coincidently contributed to spikes in both energy prices and demand. These implications threaten to further exacerbate existing disparities for income-constrained and vulnerable populations, enhancing their risk of falling into prolonged insecurity. To ensure our transition to a just, sustainable future, we must first ensure equitable access to affordable and reliable energy for everyone. Combining household-level panel and state-level …

From Bushels To Barrels: A Descriptive Analysis Of The U.S. Whiskey Industry, Ryan Murphy

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the U.S. whiskey industry, emphasizing distilleries' geographic distribution, operational characteristics, and the agricultural landscapes surrounding them. Particular attention is given to the feasibility of U.S. distilleries locally sourcing grains used in production. Grain demand ranges were estimated for the 1,485 distilleries analyzed within this study. Using cropland and yield data from the USDA, local grain availability was approximated for comparison. Results indicate that a distillery's local sourcing feasibility is significantly impacted by its production capacity and geographic location.

Additionally, this research documents the development of an interactive web application designed to evaluate the …

A Financial Economic Analysis Of Amazon, Rebekah Arcilla

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

This analysis values Amazon (AMZN) as it relates to prospective investors through a financial and economic lens. It provides an investment recommendation using various methodical analyses: Porter 5 Forces Framework, financial statement analysis, economic analysis, and a review of the company. The Porter 5 Forces Framework identifies key forces within Amazon’s industry that could result in negative or positive impact. The financial statement analysis measures the financial health and capability of the company. The economic analysis analyzes the current state of the economy and its effect to Amazon. The review of the company reveals significant risks that create undesirable performance …

Trade Cost Of External Debt Renegotiation: A Pseudo-Poisson Maximum Likelihood (Ppml) Approach, Nachiket Thakkar, Akm Morshed

Pennsylvania Economic Review

Using the Pseudo-Poisson Maximum Likelihood (PPML) method for a variant of the gravity model we reexamine how the external debt default (renegotiations) affects bilateral trade. Using data from 125 countries for the period 1985 to 2015 we find that the PPML results are in many instances opposite to what the conventional OLS approach yields. We find that bilateral trade with creditors increases while with non-creditor it declines in a sustained manner. This is different than what (Rose, 2005) and (Martinez and Sandleris , 2011) found using the conventional OLS approach. Unlike (Rose, 2005) we find an increase in trade while …

Chinese Economic Behavior In Southeast Asia: A Historical And Cultural Overview Of The Migration Patterns, Culture, And Business Practices Of The Chinese Diaspora In Southeast Asia, Zachary Szklarz

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

For hundreds of years, ethnic Chinese have set sail in hopes of peace and economic prosperity in Southeast Asia. Over time, these immigrants became paramount to the culture, economies, and politics of their newfound homes. The immense success of these Chinese migrants and their descendants is based on two main factors: maintaining in-group preference in business and social life without explicit discrimination towards outsiders and holding individuals who have achieved wealth through ethical Confucianist means in high esteem. Unique among diaspora groups, the emigrants from China managed to become fully integrated in their adoptive homelands, while still maintaining traditional customs, …

Parents, Paths, And Paychecks: Examining Intergenerational Occupational Mobility And Career Choices, Swapnil Landge

Publications and Research

This paper examines the influence of fathers’ and mothers’ occupations on their children’s occupational outcomes, using a self-selection model to analyze intergenerational career mobility. By constructing and analyzing transition matrices, I estimate the extent of positive and negative self-selection for sons and daughters when they follow either their father’s or mother’s occupation. The results reveal distinct patterns for sons and daughters. Sons who follow their father’s occupation tend to avoid negative self-selection, particularly in higher-paying fields such as Professional Occupations and Technicians and Related Support Occupations, where negative self-selection is minimal. Conversely, sons following their mother’s occupation face higher rates …

The Design Of Emission Taxes In Markets With New Firm Acquisitions, Luis Gautier, Mahelet G. Fikru

Economics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the 1990s there was a great deal of interest in the study of the role of endogenous market structure under oligopoly in the characterization of emission taxes. This interest was instrumental in providing policy guidance on the design of emission taxes based on market characteristics. However, the literature has been silent on offering policy recommendations on the design of emission taxes under endogenous market structure in the presence of new firm acquisitions. We build a model where new firms enter the market where some are acquired by an incumbent multi-plant firm, altering the initial market structure. In this framework, …

Renewable Energy Stocks' Performance And Climate Risk: An Empirical Analysis, Lingyu Li, Xianrong Zheng, Shuxi Wang

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

This article studies the relationship between renewable energy stocks’ performance and climate risk. It shows that publicly held renewable energy stocks underperform as a reaction to climate policy information releases, modeled by feed-in tariff (FIT) legislation announcements. The study examined stock price behaviors 2 days before and 30 days after FIT policy announcements. The stock sample used in the study has 3702 firm-day combinations, which included 180 cleantech firms and 32 events from 2007 to 2017. Based on the residual analysis of the sample’s abnormal return, it indicated that the FIT announcements are associated with significant declines in returns. The …

ผลกระทบของความชัดเจนในภาษีต่อใบอนุญาตทางศีลธรรม: การปฏิบัติการในห้องทดลองทางเศรษฐศาสตร์, นพอนันต์ สาลี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ใบอนุญาตทางศีลธรรม (Moral licensing) เป็นหนึ่งในอคติทางความคิด (Cognitive Bias) ที่แสดงให้เห็นถึง แนวโน้มที่ผู้คนเต็มใจทำผิดศีลธรรมมากขึ้น หลังจากทำสิ่งที่ถูกศีลธรรม อคติดังกล่าวถูกสร้างได้จากหลายปัจจัยหนึ่งในนั้นคือ “ความชัดเจนในการเก็บภาษีสิ่งแวดล้อมจากสินค้า” หรือ กระบวนการเก็บแบบภาษีโดดเด่น (Tax Salience) ซึ่งทำให้ผู้บริโภครับรู้ว่าตนได้มีส่วนร่วมในการลดผลกระทบทางสิ่งแวดล้อมผ่านการจ่ายภาษี ราวกับว่าเขาได้ทำความดีไปแล้ว โดยงานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาผลของ ใบอนุญาตทางศีลธรรม ที่ถูกสร้างจากการเก็บภาษีที่มีความชัดเจน ผ่านการบริจาคทางสิ่งแวดล้อม รวมถึง การแสดงการรับรู้การลงทุนของรัฐบาลเพื่อลดทอนผลในข้างต้น, การเปรียบเทียบผลในการชดเชยทางศีลธรรม (Moral Cleansing) ซึ่งเป็นผลในทางตรงกันข้าม กับใบอนุญาตทางศีลธรรม โดยใช้การปฏิบัติการในห้องทดลองทางเศรษฐศาสตร์ (Laboratory Experiment) ผลการวิจัยพบว่า ผลของใบอนุญาตทางศีลธรรม และ การชดเชยทางศีลธรรม มีความสัมพันธ์ในด้านลบ และ ด้านบวก ต่อการบริจาคทางสิ่งแวดล้อมตามลำดับ อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ โดยผลทั้งสองมีขนาดผลที่ไม่สมมาตร ทั้งนี้ยังไม่พบผลของการรับรู้การลงทุนของรัฐบาลอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ ข้อค้นพบล้วนชี้ให้เห็นว่า กระบวนการจัดเก็บภาษีที่มีความชัดเจน สามารถส่งผลกระทบต่อพฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภคในลักษณะที่ไม่สอดคล้องกับแนวคิดการตัดสินใจอย่างสมเหตุสมผล (Rational Thinking) และ ดังนั้น การออกแบบนโยบายภาษี โดยเฉพาะภาษีสิ่งแวดล้อม จึงควรคำนึงถึงผลกระทบทางพฤติกรรมที่ไม่สมเหตุสมผลที่อาจตามมา

ผลกระทบของการดำเนินงานด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม ธรรมาภิบาล (Esg) ต่อการเจริญเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจ: กรณีศึกษาในภูมิภาคเอเชีย, ปิย์วราภัสร ภัทรกมลเนตร์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ในปัจจุบันหลายประเทศได้ให้ความสำคัญ และตระหนักถึงผลกระทบจากการดำเนินธุรกิจและกิจกรรมทางเศรษฐกิจที่ส่งผลต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมและสังคมเพิ่มมากขึ้น ซึ่งทำให้เกิดการพัฒนาเพื่อให้เกิดความยั่งยืนในระบบเศรษฐกิจ โดยการศึกษาครั้งนี้มีจุดประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลกระทบของการดำเนินงานด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม สังคม หรือธรรมาภิบาล (ESG) ต่อการเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจในภูมิภาคเอเชียทั้งหมด 26 ประเทศ ในปีพ.ศ. 2543 ถึงปีพ.ศ. 2563 โดยนำข้อมูลทุติยภูมิในมิติแต่ละด้านมาจัดทำเป็นดัชนี ESG ผ่านการวิเคราะห์องค์ประกอบหลัก (Principal Component Analysis) และใช้การประมาณการด้วย System Generalized Method of Moments เพื่อหาผลกระทบของการดำเนินงานด้าน ESG ต่อการเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจ ซึ่งพบว่าการดำเนินงานด้าน ESG ที่เพิ่มมากขึ้นส่งผลทำให้การเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจลดลงเล็กน้อยสำหรับประเทศในภูมิภาคเอเชีย และผลกระทบของการดำเนินงานในแต่ละด้านของ ESG ยังส่งผลลบต่อการเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจเช่นกัน ทั้งนี้ สาเหตุอาจเกิดจากต้นทุนการดำเนินงานที่สูงในช่วงแรกเริ่ม ในขณะที่ผลดีต่อการเจริญเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจต้องใช้เวลาในการเห็นผล ดังนั้น ผู้ที่รับผิดชอบหรือมีส่วนร่วมในการกำหนดนโยบายควรมีแนวทางความช่วยเหลือทั้งด้านการเงิน และอื่นๆให้แก่ภาคธุรกิจหรือภาคส่วนอื่นๆที่ดำเนินงานด้าน ESG เพื่อช่วยให้สามารถพัฒนาและดำเนินงานตามหลัก ESG ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ

Using Biological Parameters And Traditional Ecological Knowledge To Study The Status Of Spirinchus Starksi (Night Smelt) In Northern California, Z. Zenobia

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Night smelt spawns from central California to southeast Alaska, on the shore of sandy beach surf zones at night. This species is a vital part of regional food webs and, in California, is fished commercially primarily in Humboldt and Del Norte counties. It has cultural importance for dietary and subsistence needs to the Tribes across the coast, as well as inland. The objectives of this thesis are as follow: study the status of the population of night smelt in Humboldt and Del Norte counties by (A) comparing the abundance, length, weight, age, sex ratio, and timing of reproduction of the …

Part 3: Does It Still Pay To Attend College In Virginia?, Dragas Center For Economic Analysis And Policy, Old Dominion University

State of the Commonwealth Reports

In 2022, more than 1 in 5 college graduates across the United States found themselves earning less than the national median income for high school graduates in the same graduating class year. In the same year, on average, 19.9% of graduates from four-year Virginia institutions of higher education earned less than the typical high school graduate 10 years after entry into college or university. In this chapter, we ask whether attending college is a ‘good deal’ for many Virginians.

Part 5: An Older Commonwealth, A Better Commonwealth, Dragas Center For Economic Analysis And Policy, Old Dominion University

State of the Commonwealth Reports

In this chapter, we examine how the population of Virginia has changed over time, with a specific focus on the resident population aged 65 and above. We break down the population aged 65 and above by sex and race and ask how these differences may impact the Commonwealth over time. We explore the characteristics of this population and discuss how Virginia is aging compared to its neighbors. We conclude with thoughts on how the ‘graying’ of Virginia may influence the demand for public goods and services in the future.

Essays On Crime And Law, Anuar Assamidanov

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation examines the interplay between law, policy, and decision-making within criminal justice and employment.

The first chapter investigates the interplay between predictive algorithms and human discretion in parole decision-making. It examines how deviations from algorithmic recommendations affect recidivism rates, revealing that increased supervision levels—when tailored by professional judgment—significantly lower recidivism. These findings underscore the importance of strategic oversight in enhancing the effectiveness of parole supervision.

The second chapter examines gender discrimination in hiring, using data from the blind auditions of the TV show The Voice. It highlights a significant own-gender bias, with coaches showing a clear preference for …

Performance And Policy Indexes In Carbon Pricing Efficacy: A Cross-Country Analysis Of Policy Impact (2012-2020), Ke (Zoky) Zhou

Honors Theses

Climate change poses a significant threat to global ecosystems and human societies, driven largely by CO2 emissions from various economic activities. This macroeconomic cross-country study empirically assesses the effectiveness of carbon pricing in reducing CO2 emissions across three periods: 2012-2017, 2015-2019, and 2015-2020. Building on the foundational research by Best et al. (2020), the analysis extends to more recent data, capturing the evolving impacts of carbon pricing amid changing global economic and policy landscapes. A key advancement in this research is the creation and integration of two comprehensive indexes—a performance index and a policy index—constructed from 14 environmental performance or …

Green Bonds, Green Returns: The Impact Of Green Bond Issuances On Financial Performance In The U.S. Energy Sector, Adora Lei

Honors Theses

This paper investigates the impact of green bond issuances on the financial performance of U.S. energy firms, the largest greenhouse gas-emitting sector. To explore the incentives for adopting green projects among firms with the most significant margin for improvement, I focus on Gross Profit Margin (GPM) and the Tobin’s Q Ratio as key indicators of profitability and valuation. Using a dataset of 462 companies, I analyze green and conventional corporate bond issuances from 2010 onwards in the context of their financial reports. The findings reveal that green bonds positively influence long-term valuation, with Tobin’s Q showing significant increases from the …

Comparing Generative Ai, Keyword Searchers, And Hiring Committees In Selecting Semi-Finalist Job Candidates In Academia, Sarah Snyder

Honors Theses

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of AI tools and keyword searchers in candidate evaluation. The first study examined the use of ChatGPT-4 and a traditional hiring committee in selecting a semifinalist pool for an Assistant Professor of Economics position. It was found that ChatGPT-4's selections were non-replicable, producing different semifinalist lists with each run, indicating significant variability and lack of reliability compared to human committees. The second study focused on predicting self-reported conscientiousness from resumes using both keyword searchers and ChatGPT-4. The results showed that neither method could accurately predict conscientiousness. Similarly, ChatGPT-4's selections were non-replicable, producing …

The Effect Of The Tax Cuts And Jobs Act Of 2017 Expansion Of The Child Tax Credit On The Distribution Of Household Chores, Joseph M. Barrett

Honors Theses

This paper investigates the effect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) expansion of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) on time spent doing household work in married or cohabiting households with children. Using American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data from before and after the implementation of the TCJA, I conduct a difference-in-differences analysis to determine the effect of the CTC expansion on time spent on all household chores, on historically female household chores, on historically male household chores, and on childcare. Then, using an adapted version of Bargain’s (2008) collective utility model, I simulate the TCJA expansion …

Monetary Policy Across The Urban Rural Divide, Grace Hillis

Honors Theses

This paper measures the effect of monetary policy on the consumption of Urban versus Rural Households. I utilize the Consumer Expenditures Survey, conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and St. Louis Federal Reserve Economic Data for information on important macroeconomic variables. My empirical strategy examines how total consumption, housing consumption, health, food, and transportation consumption are impacted by the federal funds rate for urban relative to rural households. My research provides evidence that when the Federal Reserve increases rates, the consumption of rural households falls more relative to urban households. This result is statistically significant when examining consumption related …

The Impact Of Signing Bonuses, Age, And Country On Mlb Success: Evaluating Investment Returns In The Mlb International Amateur Free Agent Market, Elliot Wolf

Honors Theses

MLB’s International Amateur Free Agent Market provides teenagers across the world opportunities to sign, develop, and potentially fulfill their dreams of playing in the MLB. It also allows teams to sign players at young ages, increasing the amount of time players can develop within a team’s minor league system. While signing bonus decision-making is backed up by a team’s scouts and data, the signing bonus a player receives is rarely a reflection of their future value. I argue that teams are not spending this money optimally. However, in an environment where players have low acquisition costs and volatile performance outcomes, …

Empowering Diversity: Unveiling The Impact Of Affirmative Action Policies On Intersectional Identities In Indian Village Councils, Auroshree Pani

Honors Theses

This study investigates the intersectional effects of affirmative action policies within the con- text of rural local councils in India. Utilizing the natural experiment provided by the randomized implementation of reservation policies in Uttar Pradesh’s gram panchayats, this research exam- ines how the intersectionality of marginalized identities—specifically gender and caste—affects policy outcomes. Employing data from the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guar- antee Act (MGNREGA) and gram panchayat elections from 2015 and 2021, the impact on job demand and public asset creation is evaluated. The findings reveal that while female leaders gen- erally improve job demand and public asset creation, …

The Effect Of Postpartum Depression On New Mothers' Return To Work Decisions, Nicole Walutes

Honors Theses

Postpartum depression rates in the United States have doubled since 2010, with potentially significant economic consequences. In this study, I examine the relationship between postpartum depression and new mothers’ labor force participation using a national longitudinal dataset of 738 new mothers. I examine two labor force participation outcomes: whether or not a new mother returned to work postpartum, and the number of days it took for her to do so if she returned. I include a detailed set of demographic and social control factors. I find that conditional on these controls, having postpartum depression relates to a statistically insignificant 4.73 …

Sustainable Frameworks & The Circular Economy Within Digital Marketing & Advertising Agency Groups, Angelique Bautista

Honors Theses

Digital marketing significantly contributes to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of marketing and advertising agencies. Despite efforts towards corporate sustainability, discrepancies in carbon accounting and sustainability practices persist across the industry. An increasingly relevant topic for many industries is the circular economy (CE). It is concerned with creating a structured and cyclical sustainable practice and/or operation. This research paper examines the intersection of the CE and environmental sustainability initiatives in global digital marketing, analyzing sustainability efforts and ordinances up to April 2024, alongside theories from Science and Technology Studies (STS). Then, CE principles are explored more in-depth and the sociotechnological …