Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Economic, Management And Public Policy Factors On Post-Contract Conservation Reserve Program Land Use Decisions, Larry L. Janssen, Tecleberhan Ghebremicael

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Most Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) contracts will expire from 1996 to 2001 , directly affecting land use of 36.4 million acres of highly erodible cropland enrolled in this land retirement program. The major objective of this study is to estimate the role of economic, management, and public policy factors on post-contract CRP land use decisions in South Dakota, a Northern Plains state with 2.1 million acres of enrolled land, 10% of the State's cropland base.

The major data source is a 1993 CRP survey sent to a random sample of 8.33 %of South Dakota CRP contract holders and completed by …

In Search Of Empirical Evidence That Links Rent And User Cost, Dixie M. Blackley, James R. Follain

Center for Policy Research

Most models of the rental housing market assume a close linkage between the level of residential rents and the after-tax user cost of rental housing capital. However, little empirical evidence exists to establish the strength of this linkage or the speed with which rents adjust to changes in user cost or tax policy. This paper develops and estimates an econometric model of the rental housing market in order to shed light on both of these issues. United States annual data for 1964 through 1993 are used to generate two-stage least squares estimates of a four equation structural model. Although the …

Jobs & Wages: The Tourism Industry Dilemma, Neal A. Christensen, Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

Designed to provide background information for the debate about the merits of tourism-related employment. This report utilizes a combination of primary and secondary data along with IMPLAN analysis to describe the structure of tourism jobs throughout the Montana economy and to make some comparisons with other industries.

Historical Review Of Social Security And Its Effect On Personal Savings, Douglas P. Rose

Masters Culminating Experiences (1993-2011)

Social Security has left its indelible mark on the American culture, however there still remains considerable debate over the effect it has had in curtailing personal savings for the express purpose of providing for one’s retirement. This study begins with a review of the origins of the modem Social Security system and critiques previous attempts at trying to quantify its impact on personal savings habits. While most previous attempts have aimed to construct a future benefits variable in order to measure this effect, it is presumed in this model that current observations and experiences with Social Security are the most …

Economic- Air Pollution Models: An Econometrics Regression Approach, Muhammed R. Yunus

Masters Culminating Experiences (1993-2011)

Economic- air pollution models have been developed using an econometrics regression approach for the ambient air concentration levels of total particulate matter (TPM) ,, I960- 1990, sulfur oxide (SOx), 1962-1992, and carbon monoxide (CO), 1970-1992. There are some difficulties in determining the explanatory variables because many variables which affect ambient air levels may also be related to others explanatory variables. Furthermore, the lack of available ambient air concentration level data is another constraint in developing the models. Yet, this study suggests that while gross domestic product per capita has increased over time, ambient air levels of TPM and SOx pollutants …

Using Section 337 Of The Tariff Act Of 1930 To Block Materially Different Gray Market Goods In The Common Control Context: Are Reports Of Its Death Greatly Exaggerated?, Margo A. Bagley

Faculty Articles

This Comment examines the primary reasons for trademark owners within the common control exception to revisit section 337 when faced with materially different gray market goods. Part One discusses the issues in and history of the gray market goods controversy, and the common control exception. Part Two focuses on section 337: how it works, its use in gray market goods cases, and how it has changed as a result of amendments in the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 and in the Uruguay Round Agreements Act of 1994. Part Three traces the changes in the gray market landscape favorable …

Can Economic Development Programs Be Evaluated?, Timothy J. Bartik, Richard D. Bingham

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The question addressed in this paper seems simple: Can economic development programs be evaluated? But the answer is not simple because of the nature of evaluation. To determine a program's effectiveness requires a sophisticated evaluation because it requires the evaluator to distinguish changes due to the program from changes due to nonprogram factors. The evaluator must focus on the outcomes caused by the program rather than the program's procedures. Evaluations can be divided into two categories--process or formative evaluations and outcome, impact, or summative evaluations. Process evaluations focus on how a program is delivered. Impact evaluations focus on the program's …

Economic Development Strategies, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper provides a guide to economic development policies for local government managers. Local economic development policies today include not only tax subsidies for branch plants, but also job training to provide workers to businesses, advice and support services for potential entrepreneurs, and extension services to help businesses modernize and export. To help local government managers, this paper suggests a number of guiding principles, including: local economic development should be pursued cooperatively across the local labor market; economic development programs should consider the quality of jobs created; tax subsidies are expensive per job created; development subsidies are more effective if …

Tender Offer Outcome Prediction Based Upon Efficient Market Hypothesis, James I. Montgomery

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A significant portion of firms' capital expenditures in the recent past have been accomplished through the acquisition of the assets of other firms by tender offers. While the majority of tender offers are successful, a significant number of tender offers fail for various reasons. The accurate prediction of the success or failure of a tender offer would provide investors with valuable information upon which to base their investment decisions. The target firm shareholders could use the information as a base for their tendering decision. For the abitrageur, a predictive model would reduce the uncertainty associated with their investment activity and, …

Causes Of Litigation In Workers' Compensation Programs, Evangelos Mariou Falaris, Charles R. Link, Michael E. Staten

Upjohn Press

By applying econometric analyses to case data from two states, Falaris, Link and Staten identify the economic incentives influencing the probability of litigation in workers' compensation cases, and the probability that a contested case is pursued to verdict.

Pathways To Change: Case Studies Of Strategic Negotiations, Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld, Robert B. Mckersie, Richard E. Walton

Upjohn Press

The authors identify and analyze the strategies for change and techniques most often used in today's labor negotiations. Nearly gone, they say, is the traditional "arms length" approach used by negotiators in the past. Instead, modern collective bargaining is characterized mainly by divergent strategies the authors characterize as either "forcing" (highly contentious) or "fostering" (highly cooperative). A dozen detailed case studies from a variety of industries are presented that show when, why and how these strategies are used, by whom, and to what result. These cases clearly demonstrate the use of both forcing and fostering strategies, as well as their …

Permanent Job Loss And The U.S. System Of Financing Unemployment Insurance, Frank P.R. Brechling, Louise Laurence

Upjohn Press

The authors reexamine the experience rating provisions in the U.S. UI system and look at its effects on both temporary layoffs and long-term permanent layoffs. For temporary layoffs, they propose a higher degree of experience rating through a restructuring of the tax code while eliminating administrative time lags between the payment of benefits and the resulting changes in taxes. Brechling and Laurence also propose experience rating as an effective means of internalizing the costs of the growing number of permanent layoffs, making the case that payroll taxes are not the ideal means of implementing experience rating in this situation. In …

Private Pension Policies In Industrialized Countries: A Comparative Analysis, John A. Turner, Noriyasu Watanabe

Upjohn Press

In this comprehensive review of private pension systems in effect world-wide, Turner and Watanabe discuss the fundamental issues facing nations as they adopt and expand private pension systems. Specific policies in effect in several private pension systems are analyzed including those in nations dominating world pension assets (Japan, Germany, the U.K., and the U.S.), as is the country whose system is widely regarded as the model for developing nations, Chile. Turner and Watanabe also provide a compendium on the worldwide trends influencing pension systems and their implications for pension policy.

Program Applicants As A Comparison Group In Evaluating Training Programs: Theory And A Test, Stephen H. Bell, Larry L. Orr, John D. Blomquist, Glen George Cain

Upjohn Press

The authors begin with a thorough assessment of the many nonexperimental employment and training program evaluation techniques based on non-random comparison groups. These techniques typically use econometric methods to estimate the effects of employment and training programs by using comparison groups from non-program "external" sources. Then, recognizing the inherent drawbacks in these methods, Bell, Orr, Blomquist and Cain respond by reintroducing an evaluation method first implemented in the 1960s, the use of "internal" comparison groups consisting of nonparticipating program applicants. These groups include withdrawals, screen-outs and no-shows of the programs being evaluated in order to solve the selection bias problem. …

Financial Intermediation And Growth In Developing Countries, Asim Husain

Honors Papers

Two main relationships between finance and growth are often emphasized: i) the role that financial markets have in channeling savings towards investment and ii) the informational problems that financial markets are able to solve that would otherwise lead to inefficient outcomes. This paper emphasizes a model where prospective entrepreneurs are evaluated in turn by financial markets on their ability to come up with a successful innovation which determines the level of productivity in the economy. With efficient financial markets loans are made to those who are the most likely to come up with marketable innovations. Because marketable innovations lead to …

Estimating The Demand Structure Of Housing Characteristics: A Nonparametric Approach, Christopher Ngai

Honors Papers

The conventional approach has many drawbacks. Follain and Jimenez [1985]discussed many of those in detail. One of which I try to address in this paper is the functional form "pre-selection". As pointed out in the last paragraph, researchers often specify, in one way or another, specific functional forms that embody assumptions about the references of households. This renders researchers much discretion on the underlying relationships that are under studying.

A better approach would be to use nonparametric estimation approach in both stages so as to avoid those unnecessary errors in functional form selection. By nonparametric estimation, it means that the …

A New Era Of Water Quality Management In Agriculture: From Best Management Practices To Watershed-Based Whole Farm Approaches, David E. Ervin

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Why is reducing water pollution from agriculture such a stubbornly slow process? Despite several policy initiatives since the 1970s, farms and ranches rank as the primary contributors to impairments of the nation's surface waters [U.S.EPA, 1994b]. Emerging research also points to agricultural chemicals in many cases of groundwater contamination [Barbash and Resek; Mueller, et al.]. After a little reflection, the industry's negative distinction may not be surprising. Covering nearly half the U.S. land base, crop and livestock production inevitably alter natural vegetative cover, apply fertilizers, pesticides and irrigation water, and involve animal wastes. All of these processes can degrade water …

Walrasian Comp, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Walrasian comp and PC [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Roberts, J. (1987). Perfectly and imperfectly competitive markets. In P. Newman (Ed.), The New Palgrave (pp. 1–20). Macmillan.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1995, July 24). Rational expectations and perfect competition [Unpublished paper].

• Moustafa, A. (n.d.). A critique of the theory of perfect competition [Political economy qualifying exam paper].

• Roberts, J. (1987). Perfectly and imperfectly competitive markets [Photocopy of book chapter]. In P. Newman (Ed.), The New Palgrave (pp. 1–20). Macmillan.

• Stigler, G. J. (1957, February). Perfect competition, historically contemplated. The Journal …

Handouts 204 Lectures, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1987, October). Profit rate differentials within an industry: Discussing the Okishio theorem (Revised ed.) [Paper prepared for Eco 204]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (1983, November). The empirical strength of the labor theory of value (with data analysis by E. Ochoa) [Paper prepared for GSE 204]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (1984, April 30). Profit rate and sectoral price of production/value deviations for the U.S. in 1972 and 1958, including an interindustry structure key [Data tables]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (1992, …

Studies In Brownsville & Matamoros History, Milo Kearney, Anthony K. Knopp, Antonio Zavaleta

Studies in Rio Grande Valley Regional History Series

Jose de Escandon and the settlement of South Texas in the late Colonial Era, 1746-1821 / Harriet Denise Joseph -- La poesia de arte menor en la Cronica de Sanchez Garcia / Jorge Green Huie -- The Battle of Palo Alto: a preliminary gathering of primary sources arranged by selected holdings / Thomas B. and Marie J. Carroll -- Francisco Yturria / Lilia Garcia -- The start of Brownsville-Matamoros telephone link / Bruce Aiken -- La presidencia de Don Salvador Cardenas: Enero-Junio de 1920 / Andres F. Cuellar -- Doctor, maestro, periodista, literato Manuel Feliciano Rodriguez Brayda / Elia Garcia …

The Stabilization And Structural Adjustment Procedures Of The International Monetary Fund And The World Bank, Douglas A. Reznick

Masters Theses

The IMF and the World Bank began to attach structural adjustment restrictions to many of their loans to developing countries in the early 1980s. Some of these restrictions are not based on solid economic ground and are, in many cases not effective in improving the economic standing of the countries that receive loans. In addition, there was also a misdiagnosis of the problems that occurred in the underdeveloped countries of the world. Under the IMF/World Bank paradigm, the difficulties that most underdeveloped countries experienced were due to internal distortions and non-effective development strategies. Evidence to the contrary shows that many …

Wage-Rate Subsidies For Dislocated Workers, Carl Davidson, Stephen A. Woodbury

Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

Notes On Seminar About Marx, Keynes And, And Kalecki, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes articles from The Wall Street Journal, featuring:

• “Minimum-Wage Jobs Give Many Americans Only a Miserable Life” by Tony Horwitz.

• “The Working Poor: Minimum-Wage Jobs Give Many Only a Miserable, Week-to-Week Existence” by Tony Horwitz.

• “The Effect of Minimum Wage on Jobs Is an Issue That Stirs Endless Debate” by Tony Horwitz (11/12/1993).

Also included are:

• An article from The New York Times titled “An Inflation Illusion? The Latest Fears May Be Groundless in a Global Economy With New Rules” by Louis Uchitelle (3/28/1994).

• An article from The New York Times International titled “Soaring Unemployment Is Spreading …

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Notes On The Marxian Notion Of Competition, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1981, February). Conditions for a rising ratio of materialized labor to living labor [Typewritten course notes for Eco. 205]. Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). A retrospective on the choice of technique debate [Unpublished typewritten notes]. Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

• Shaikh, A. (1984, May; revised 1987, March). Dynamics of the falling rate of profit [Unpublished typewritten notes]. Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

• Shaikh, A. (1995, November 1). Choice of technique and the pricing decision [Typewritten course notes for Eco. 204]. Anwar Shaikh, PhD.

• Weston, J. F., & Brigham, E. F. (1982). Essentials of managerial finance (6th ed.). Dryden …

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Pasinetti Correspondence, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1995, December 19). Letter to Luigi Pasinetti regarding absolute versus comparative advantage and relative unit labor costs [Unpublished letter].

• Pasinetti, L. (1995, July 25). Letter to Anwar Shaikh discussing his analysis and the principle of comparative advantage [Unpublished letter].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Letter to Luigi Pasinetti comparing their arguments on international trade, absolute advantage, and the balance of trade [Unpublished letter].

• Pasinetti, L. (1995, February 14). Letter to Anwar Shaikh regarding papers on exchange rates, comparative costs, and free trade [Unpublished letter].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1995, July 11). …

The Empirical Strength Of The Labour Theory Of Value, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection contains a draft of the paper that Professor Shaikh wrote for the book Marxian economics: A reappraisal (Shaikh, A. M., 1998. The empirical strength of the labour theory of value. In R. Bellofiore (Ed.), Marxian economics: A reappraisal (pp. — —). London, United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan).

Macroeconomics Readings, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• handwritten notes on economic equations
• Hoover, K. D. (1988). The new classical macroeconomics: A sceptical inquiry (Chapter 1, The varieties of macroeconomics). B. Blackwell, with annotations
• annotated pages (pp. 833–835) defining wage flexibility and wage fund doctrine
• the article Ioannou, L. (1995, April). Technology and the free market have created a worldwide reservoir of workers, many of them skilled. International Business
• Zachary, G. P. (1995, February 23). Study predicts rising global joblessness. The Wall Street Journal

New Cross Graphs, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1996, May). New crisis graphs up to 1995 [Handwritten cover note]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Pollack, A. (1995, September 8). Japan reduces a key interest rate to 0.5%. The New York Times. Publisher details not identified.

• Juillard, M. (1989, March). Figure 1: Capital labor ratio and Figure 7: Labor productivity index by department for the case of France and the U.S. [Graphs]. Unpublished manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). The falling rate of profit as a cause of long waves [Working paper figures on rate of profit, mass of profit, and actual versus adjusted mass …

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Book Review Of "Measuring The Wealth Of Nations", Anwar Shaikh Phd, ErtuğRul A. Tonak Phd, A Haroon Akram-Lodhi Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection contains:

• Akram-Lodhi, A. H. (1995). Book review: Measuring the wealth of nations: The political economy of national accounts. Review of Radical Political Economics, 27(4), 125–127.

• The reviewed book: Shaikh, A., & Tonak, E. A. (1994). Measuring the wealth of nations: The political economy of national accounts. Cambridge University Press.

Growth And Aggregate Dd, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• handwritten notes titled Possibility of growth in a capitalist economy: Historical overview (September 10, 1986)
• graphs titled Business cycles: US
• graphs titled Business cycles between 1920–1980
• graphs titled The wholesale price index (WPI) in the United States (1749–1982)
• graphs titled Long-run cycles of inflation and money growth per decade (1750s–1970s) (September 1986)
• handwritten notes titled Aggregate DD theories (July 24–25, 1995)