Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Palynological Investigation Of Mummified Human Remains, Karl Reinhard, Marina Milanello Do Amaral, Nicole Wall

Karl Reinhard Publications

Pollen analysis was applied to a mummified homicide victim in Nebraska, U.S.A., to determine the location of death. A control sample showed the normal ambient pollen in the garage crime scene. Ambient windborne types, common in the air of the region, dominated the control. Internal samples were analyzed from the sacrum, intestine, and diaphragm. Microfossils were recovered from the rehydrated intestine lumen. The intestinal sample was dominated by Brassica (broccoli). The sacrum sample was high in dietary types but with a showing of ambient types. The pollen from the diaphragm was dominated by ambient pollen similar to the control samples. …

Pseudoscorpions Of The Family Cheiridiidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) Recovered From Burial Sediments At Pachacamac (500–1,500ce), Peru, Johnica J. Morrow, Livia Taylor, Lauren Peck, Christian Elowsky, Lawrence Stewart Owens, Peter Eeckout, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Fragmented remains of pseudoscorpions belonging to the family Cheiridiidae (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones) were recovered from Ychsma polity (c. AD 1000–1475) burial sediments from Pachacamac, Peru. Sediments from 21 burials were examined following rehydration in 0.5% trisodium phosphate for 48 h and subsequent screening through a 250 lm mesh. Materials larger than 250 lm were surveyed for the presence of arthropods. A total of two samples contained pseudoscorpion fragments, which were collected and quantified to determine the minimal number of pseudoscorpions present per gram of each sample. Following quantification, pseudoscorpion specimens were imaged utilizing confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to assist with …

An Exploratory Study Of Burial Identification Using Historic Human Remains Detection Dog Alerts And Inorganic Soil Analyses, Britt Schlosshardt

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

One point at which forensic science and historical archaeology intersect, and the focus of this thesis, is using the decidedly forensic avenues of trained dogs, probing, and chemical analyses of soils, informed by archaeological survey, to locate burials. Human remains detection dogs have proven to be a nonintrusive and effective method for identifying or confirming historic unmarked burial locations. Inorganic soil analyses have been demonstrated in prior research to show variations in grave soil. For this research, the hypothesis that is explored is that a corpse will chemically alter the soil in or on which it is placed to a …

Comparing A Surface Collection To An Excavated Collection In The Lower Skagit River Delta At 45sk51, Sherri M. Middleton

All Master's Theses

In the Puget Sound Lowland of the Pacific Northwest, archaeologists have investigated a shift in settlement and subsistence patterns occurring in the mid-Holocene Epoch. The artifacts used as the evidence of this shift are interpreted with a concept known as resource intensification. This shift in artifact frequencies has been studied only in the last thirty years and in limited areas of the Puget Sound Lowlands. An opportunity to investigate a site dating to after the shift presented itself when Central Washington University acquired the Lower Skagit River Delta Surface Collection (LSRDSC). This artifact assemblage was collected from a plow-zone surface …

Ancient Egyptian Figurines: An Investigation Into Manufacture, Use, And Culture., Kristina B. Donnally 2455289

UROP Posters

I will analyze the social and religious role of figurines in Egyptian society. I will delve into the differences in the figurines in both manufacture and purpose between the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. I hope to look at religious, political, and other figurines to get a broad spectrum of usage for the artifacts. The main purpose of the research is to identify the time period, purpose, and usage for the figure donated to VCU by Professor Waybright. Questions I have is if the changes in political structure and minute changes in religion between each Kingdom affected the manufacture and …

Patterns Of Enslavement And Economic Oppression Of Central Virginia, Hannah Bedwell

UROP Posters

I address how anthropologists can identify the patterns and development of slavery and economic oppression through archaeology and the visualization of Virginia enslavement. I focus on the enslaved people of James Madison's Montpelier. I use 3D modeling as a foundation for integrating enhanced visuals with the goal of presenting a tangible understanding of the enslaved individuals in relation to the artifacts and history of the archaeological sites. I intend to show a common theme in economic oppression by comparing modern themes in slavery and examining Fraser D. Neiman's synthesis of the evolutionary perspective of slavery, and how little has changed …

Penggunaan Doa Batuna'u Dalam Tradisi Etnik Lio Di Desa Ngalukoja Kecamatan Maurole Kabupaten Ende: Sebuah Kajian Linguistik Kebudayaan, Idris Mboka

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

This study aims to identify and describes the verbal symbols and cultural imagery of Lio Ethnic (LE) community which are contained in Batuna’u Prayer (BP). The theory used as analytical scalpel is the Cultural Linguistics Theory (CLT). This study shows 5 forms of BP used in LE community, which are the traditional house construction BP (THC), going to sow BP (GS), delivering dowry BP (DD), going to school BP (GSC), and deceased person BP (DP). From these five forms of BP, there are verbal symbols of a language grammatical discourse (phonology, morphology, and syntax), and the metaphor styles of language, …

Ketiadaan Padanan Peribahasa Prancis Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, Ismirani Mardelana

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

The absence of equivalents is an issue that has always been faced by translators in translating the source text. When translating proverbs, which are loaded with moral and cultural messages, translators are required to be able to transfer the messages appropriately. The different types of proverbs between French and Indonesian are a major cause of translators’ difficulty in finding the equivalents in the form of proverbs. This issue was raised from the author’s own experience in translating French fable by Jean de La Fontaine into Indonesian. By using the theory of Paremi and proverbs types of Bhuvaneswar (2000), French and …

Tipologi Motif Cap Tangan Prasejarah Di Leang Uhallie, Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan, Irsyad Leihitu

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

This article discusses the typology of a hand stencil pattern cave painting located in Leang Uhallie, Bone district, South Sulawesi. Irving Rouse’s taxonomy classification methods were used to find the typology of the hand stencil pattern. This study shows that there are three forms of hand stencil with 21 variants. This typologycal study of the hand stencil also shows the dominant and the unique pattern form of Leang Uhallie.

Perubahan Budaya Kerja Pertanian Lahan Kering Atoni Pah Meto Di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara, Damasius Sasi

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

The goal of the study is to review changes in dryland farming culture of atoni pah meto in North Center Timor District caused by global climate changes. The research method used was qualitative descriptive: the data collecting method used was interviews, observations, and the document study. Research results prove that the atoni pah meto which consists of eighteen farming rituals, five work patterns, work division between genders, and work ethos, has shifted. It is caused by the interaction of atoni pah meto with other nations, tribes, and ethnic groups, further affected by global climate changes. Climate changes have made a …

Aksara-Aksara Penyimpan Informasi Di Banten, Titik Pudjiastuti

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

Banten is one of the 34 provinces which helped to establish the Republic of Indonesia. Although it was just acknowledged as a province of Indonesia in 2000, as a pepper producer Banten had been known around the world long before its sultanate even existed. The various written sources consist of scripts, archives, and inscriptions from various backgrounds, such as history, literature, and religion. This research found that there are several scripts used as a written medium in Banten, such as Arabic, Jawi (Malay-Arabic), Pegon (Arabic-Javanese), Hanacaraka, and Latin. From the text content point of view, it has been found that …

Review Of Cultural Forests Of The Amazon: A Historical Ecology Of People And Their Landscapes By William Balée, Maria Gabriela Zurita-Benavides

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

No abstract provided.

Belén’S Plaza Vieja And Colonial Church Site: Memory, Continuity And Recovery, Samuel E. Sisneros

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

This is my capstone project for completion of a Post MA certificate in Historic Preservation and Regionalism. I received the degree in Spring, 2019. The project involves recovering the legacy of a historic colonial church site in Belén, New Mexico. The work involves the descendant community’s sense of place and the continuity of memory and sacredness of Belen’s first church and original plaza.

Sagas And Artifacts: How Tales From The Past Help The Interpretation Of Archaeological Remains, Bridgette Hulse

Honors Capstone Projects

I argue that historians and archaeologists should consider the Viking perspective in the form of sagas when analyzing Viking activity in England, in tandem with the Anglo-Saxon record. This way, it is possible to garner a more complex understanding of the past, as scholars can take both the Viking and Anglo-Saxon view in account in order to complete the picture. In addition, this allows archaeologist to interpret Viking artifacts from a Viking cultural perspective, not the Anglo-Saxon perspective. This removes a middle-man from the analytical process and allows archaeologist to consider what would be closer to a primary source on …

Geophysical Survey Of Wisconsin Burial Site Ou-0069: Grand Chute Pioneer Cemetery, Peter N. Peregrine

Archaeological Reports

No abstract provided.

From Sacred To Profane: European Materials Integration Into Mississippian Cosmology, Campbell Walker

Anthropology Undergraduate Senior Theses

Interpreting the significance of materials used by southeastern Native Americans to express their cosmological beliefs reveals certain trends that reflect changes in culture over time. We recognize that, for many hundreds of years within the Mississippian period, artifacts fashioned from specific materials reflected the relationship between these materials and their place in native cosmology. In the post-Mississippian period, nontraditional materials became available that were used to fashion these same traditional artifact forms. I present research on how Native Americans integrated these new materials into their cosmology by drawing analogies and distinctions between uses of traditional and nontraditional materials in relation …

Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project 2016 Annual Report, Michael Nassaney

Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project

This year the Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project continued to build upon its foundations and develop new research, teaching, and public outreach activities directed towards the study of the fur trade and colonialism in southwest Michigan. The Project is a collaboration between Western Michigan University (WMU) faculty and students, the City of Niles, the Fort St. Joseph Archaeology Advisory Commission (FSJAAC), interested stakeholders, supporters, members, and community volunteers in the greater Niles community.

Food Processing And Cooking Technology Of The Mimbres Mogollon (Early Pithouse Period Through The Mimbres Classic A.D. 200-1130), Ashley Morgan Lauzon

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This thesis examines food processing and cooking technology of the Mimbres Mogollon culture from A.D. 200-1130. Food processing and cooking technology includes any tool (chipped stone, ground stone, ceramics, basketry/perishables, etc.) or feature (fire-features, etc.) used to prepare, process, and cook food. Data on this technology as a whole is lacking in the region. The goal of this research is to document and explore the changes and developments in food-related technology over time and to investigate possible factors that influenced its development.

To document this technology over the course of approximately 1000 years, four case study sites were used: The …

Three-Dimensional Analysis Of The Development Of Upper Arm Musculoskeletal Stress Markers In Late Adolescents And Young Adults Of Archaic And Mississippian Populations Of Tennessee, Heather Marie Guzik

Master's Theses

This study compares three methods for the evaluation of morphology of musculoskeletal attachment sites. Two methods were macroscopic and the third was microscopic, utilizing three-dimensional laser scanning and fractal analysis The morphology of 19 upper limb attachment sites was observed in 33 males aged 15 and 30+ years, dating to the Archaic and Mississippian periods from the southeastern U.S. It was hypothesized that 1) the microscopic method would identify subtler differences than the macroscopic methods; 2) enthesis development would be greater in the Mississippian population due to the increased subsistence workload, even among younger individuals; and 3) late adolescents would …

Use Of Drones And Gis To Identify Geoglyphs In The Sihuas Valley, Peru, Felipe Gonzalez-Macqueen

GIS Day

Geoglyphs are anthropogenic features built onto the landscape by either removing a layer from the ground to expose the soil underneath or adding layers on top to create a relief. The most well-known examples of this are in the Nazca Valley, Peru where features can measure up to 400m long and have a variety of shapes. However not all geoglyphs are as big and complex as these, as is the case of the Sihuas Valley, Peru where geoglyphs are smaller and less elaborate in comparison. To identify and map these geoglyphs and other features, we used a combination of satellite …

Research And Study Of Fashion And Costume History Spanning From Ancient Egypt To Modern Day, Kaitlyn E. Dennis Miss

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Through a generous donation to Morehead State University, research has been conducted on thousands of slides containing images of artwork and artifacts of historical significance. These images span from Egyptian hieroglyphs to the inaugural dress of every first lady of the United States. The slides are in the process of being recorded and catalogued for future use by students in hopes of furthering academic comprehension and awareness of the influence of fashion and costume history through the ages. Special thanks to the family of Gretel Geist Rutledge, faculty mentor Denise Watkins, as well as the Department of Music, Theatre, and …

Egyptian Mummy Ct Scan Analysis And A Comparison Of Midwest Museum Practices For The Grand Rapids Public Museum, M. Kate Peterson

Anthropology Master's Theses

To meet the partial requirements for a Master of Arts degree in Anthropology from Western Michigan University, the following internship was completed between June 2015 and September 2016. A Computed Tomography (CT) scan analysis was conducted on the Grand Rapids Public Museum’s mummy, Nakhte-Bastet-Iru. This analysis was a collaborative effort by myself and medical and museum professionals. Insight into the mummy’s life and culture was uncovered through examination and analysis of paleoradiological views of her remains. Additional research into the practices of other Midwest museums provided valuable knowledge of current trends in the dissemination and exhibition of mummy CT scan …

Gis In Archaeology: The Pedestrian Survey Of Dana Island In Turkey, Noah Kaye, Gunder Varinlioglu, Nicholas K. Rauh

Purdue GIS Day

An international team of archaeologists conducted a surface survey of the remains on Dana Island, ancient Pithussae, near Silifke in south Coastal Turkey. The island sits 2 km offshore and is uninhabited. Architectural remains of stone quarries, large cisterns, houses and churches extend approximately 1.6 km along its western coast. At the crest of the mountain that rises above the shore stands the remains of an Iron Age fortress incorporated into later Byzantine structures. Relying on a base map constructed of the Google earth view of the island, digitized topographical maps, and an aerial photograph from 1990, the pedestrian team …

Resource Scarcity Drives Lethal Aggression Among Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers In Central California, Mark W. Allen, Robert Lawrence Bettinger, Brian F. Codding, Terry L. Jones, Al W. Schwitalla

Social Sciences

The origin of human violence and warfare is controversial, and some scholars contend that intergroup conflict was rare until the emergence of sedentary foraging and complex sociopolitical organization, whereas others assert that violence was common and of considerable antiquity among small-scale societies. Here we consider two alternative explanations for the evolution of human violence: (i) individuals resort to violence when benefits outweigh potential costs, which is likely in resource poor environments, or (ii) participation in violence increases when there is coercion from leaders in complex societies leading to group level benefits. To test these hypotheses, we …

Issue 69, Autumn 2016, Society Of Bead Researchers

The Bead Forum: Newsletter of the Society of Bead Researchers

Circular or Half-Moon Marks on Old Beads, by Alison Kyra Carter. • Two Unusual Drawn-Glass Bead Varieties from Quebec, by Karlis Karklins, Érik Langevin, and Adelphine Bonneau. • The Earliest European Bead in North America, by Karlis Karklins. • An Introduction to the Beijing Bead Museum and Library, by Walker Chin. • Mystery Bead from the Historic Jamestown Settlement, by Karlis Karklins and Merry Outlaw.

Geophysical Survey Of Wisconsin Burial Site Bda-0047 Hauge Log Church, Dane County, Wisconsin, Peter N. Peregrine

Archaeological Reports

No abstract provided.

The Maniwaki Wampum Group: A History, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Archaeoparasitological Potential Of Quids As A Source Material For Immunodiagnostic Analyses, Johnica J. Morrow, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

In the present study, quids from La Cueva de los Muertos Chiquitos (CMC) were subjected to ELISA tests for 2 protozoan parasites, Toxoplasma gondii (n=45) and Trypanosoma cruzi (n=43). The people who occupied CMC, the Loma San Gabriel, lived throughout much of present-day Durango and Zacatecas in Mexico. The known pathoecology of these people puts them into at-risk categories for the transmission of T. gondii and T. cruzi. Human antibodies created in response to these 2 parasites can be detected in modern saliva using ELISA kits intended for use with human serum. For these reasons, quids were reconstituted and …

Prehistoric Pathoecology As Represented By Parasites Of A Mummy From The Peruaçu Valley, Brazil, Karl Reinhard, Adauto Araújo

Karl Reinhard Publications

Paleopathologists have begun exploring the pathoecology of parasitic diseases in relation to diet and environment. We are summarizing the parasitological findings from a mummy in the site of Lapa do Boquete, a Brazilian cave in the state of Minas Gerais. These findings in context of the archaeology of the site provided insights into the pathoecology of disease transmission in cave and rockshelter environments. We are presenting a description of the site followed by the evidence of hookworm, intestinal fluke, and Trypanosoma infection with resulting Chagas disease in the mummy discovered in the cave. These findings are used to reconstruct the …

Exchange Networks From Close-Up: The Case Of Lipari Obsidian, Andrea Vianello, Robert Tykot

Anthropology Faculty Publications

A systematic study on obsidian tools in Calabria and Sicily carried out by the authors have revealed the uniqueness in the patterns of production, exchange and consumption of Lipari obsidian. The study has concentrated on the Middle Neolithic primarily, with other Neolithic and Bronze Age contexts recognised at a later stage in the research since many contexts, especially in Sicily, have been excavated by pioneering archaeologists, some over a century ago, or were mislabelled. The chronology is Early Neolithic to Early Bronze Age, with very few materials dating Middle Bronze Age. A review of chronological contexts is in progress, which …