Vital and Health Statistics Commons^™

Comparative Machine Learning Models For Disease Risk Prediction, Mercy Mawusi Agbley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Accurate prediction of disease outcomes is crucial for improving clinical decision-making and enabling early intervention. This study compares the performance of various statistical and machine learning models for clinical risk prediction using two healthcare datasets: diabetic retinopathy and heart disease. The models assessed include Logistic Regression, LASSO, k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Neural Networks, Random Forests, Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), and a stacked ensemble model. Prior to modeling, datasets were split into train and test sets. Standardization was applied to numeric features whilst categorical features were one-hot encoded. These transformations were later applied to the test set. Principal …

Investigating The Connection Between Als Through The Mutation R522s In The Rna Binding Protein, Dennia Estrella-Vargas, Lydia Uptain

Mathematics

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease that causes the deterioration of motor neurons , death is usually due to respiratory paralysis. The variant R522S was chosen because it is near a hot spot of pathogenic variants. It is an arginine-to-serine swap, this swap is present in pathogenic variants near the 522 position, such as R514S, R521S, R524S. Recent evidence suggests that arginine-deficiency can influence disease progression.

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

Em Estimation For Zero- And K-Inflated Poisson Regression Model, Monika Arora, N. Rao Chaganty

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Count data with excessive zeros are ubiquitous in healthcare, medical, and scientific studies. There are numerous articles that show how to fit Poisson and other models which account for the excessive zeros. However, in many situations, besides zero, the frequency of another count k tends to be higher in the data. The zero- and k-inflated Poisson distribution model (ZkIP) is appropriate in such situations The ZkIP distribution essentially is a mixture distribution of Poisson and degenerate distributions at points zero and k. In this article, we study the fundamental properties of this mixture distribution. Using stochastic representation, we …

Pattern Of Health Behavior And Its Association With Self-Rated Health: Evidence From The 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System In The United States, Linh Nguyen, Mamunur Rashid, M. Mazharul Islam

Student Research

Aim: To improve public health services, we need to keep policymakers updated with health-related issues. This study (1) examines the recent pattern of physical activities, smoking, alcohol consumption, and SRH, and (2) investigates the association between the behaviors and SRH status among US citizens.

Method: We extracted data from the latest state-based survey of the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), which provides a nationally representative sample of 437,436 American adults. We analyzed the data, mainly employing chi-square tests and logistic regression models.

Results: Physical inactivity and smoking are more common among participants with lower education and household income. …

Diabetes And Its Effect On Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Growth Rate In Hispanic Patients, Monica Betancourt-Garcia, Kristina Vatcheva, Amrit Thakur, Prateek Gupta, Eugene Postevka, Ricardo Martinez, R. Armour Forse

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

The growth rate of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) can vary depending on age, baseline diameter, blood pressure, race, and history of smoking. Paradoxically, previous studies show evidence of a protective effect of diabetes on the rate of AAA expansion despite its well-established role in the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to investigate the impact diabetes plays on AAA growth within a Hispanic population.

Methods

Data were collected from patients who were predominantly Mexican-American at a single hospital site. Baseline and follow-up measures for AAA diameter were obtained from serial imaging studies. Demographics, medical history, the …

The Impact Of Truncating Data On The Predictive Ability For Single-Step Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, Jeremy T. Howard, Thomas A. Rathje, Caitlyn E. Bruns, Danielle F. Wilson-Wells, Stephen D. Kachman, Matthew L. Spangler

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Simulated and swine industry data sets were utilized to assess the impact of removing older data on the predictive ability of selection candidate estimated breeding values (EBV) when using single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP). Simulated data included thirty replicates designed to mimic the structure of swine data sets. For the simulated data, varying amounts of data were truncated based on the number of ancestral generations back from the selection candidates. The swine data sets consisted of phenotypic and genotypic records for three traits across two breeds on animals born from 2003 to 2017. Phenotypes and genotypes were iteratively …

Modeling Mortality Rates For Leukemia Between Men And Women In The United States, Blessed Quansah

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Leukemia related deaths increased dramatically over the last forty years. Leukemia is a malignant disease or cancer of the bone marrow and blood. It is characterized by the uncontrolled accumulation of blood cells. Leukemia is divided into two categories: myelogenous or lymphocytic, each of which can be acute or chronic. The terms, myelogenous or lymphocytic denote the cell type involved.

In this thesis, the proposed modeling techniques are applied to leukemia deaths data from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER). In particular, annual deaths data from 1969 to 2007 are used in the data analysis, which includes three major …

A Comparison Of Different Methods For Predicting Cancer Mortality Counts At The State Level, Corinne Wilson

Virginia Journal of Science

Cancer is a major health issue in the United States. Reliable estimates of yearly cancer mortality counts are essential for resourcing and planning. The American Cancer Society has used several methods of forecasting to estimate the future cancer burden and researchers are continually working to develop new methods with improved performance. There have been studies comparing different models for predicting the US cancer mortality counts. This study explores and compares several different models for cancer mortality count predictions at the state level, principally for the state of Virginia. Results of the comparisons appear to show the final improved model to …

Models For Estimating Psychiatric Bed Needs, Patricia A. Brenneman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Inland Counties Comprehensive Health Planning Council wished to estimate the psychiatric bed needs by type (such as state hospitals, board and care homes, etc.) in San Bernardino County from the distributions of patient arrivals and of lengths of stay. A statistical description of the system during 1973 was considered the first step toward estimating future bed needs. A computer simulation model using IBM's programming language General Purpose Simulation System (GPSS) was developed and was found to be unsatisfactory.

Theorems were then developed for a statistical model, seeking to predict future bed needs. The most convenient of these theorems states that …

Marital And Population Composition Of Sheboygan County January 1, 1925 To December 31, 1936, Rhudolph John Ploetz

Bachelors’ Theses

This is a compilation of the marriage and the population figures of Sheboygan County, in the state of Wisconsin. The author has made a survey of both the rural and urban areas. Including the county figures, are the state and federal statistics for an analysis and comparison on the problems relative to the subject. The table of contents giving the title and page of tables, is intended to be of great value to the reader, in that just a particular table wanted is designated and well-outlined. Regarding a lengthy explanation for each or any one of the tables is really …