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Full-Text Articles in Statistical Models
Uncertainty And The Value Of Diagnostic Information With Application To Axillary Lymph Node Dissection In Breast Cancer, Giovanni Parmigiani
Uncertainty And The Value Of Diagnostic Information With Application To Axillary Lymph Node Dissection In Breast Cancer, Giovanni Parmigiani
Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers
In clinical decision making, it is common to ask whether, and how much, a diagnostic procedure is contributing to subsequent treatment decisions. Statistically, quantification of the value of the information provided by a diagnostic procedure can be carried out using decision trees with multiple decision points, representing both the diagnostic test and the subsequent treatments that may depend on the test's results. This article investigates probabilistic sensitivity analysis approaches for exploring and communicating parameter uncertainty in such decision trees. Complexities arise because uncertainty about a model's inputs determines uncertainty about optimal decisions at all decision nodes of a tree. We …
Time-Series Studies Of Particulate Matter, Michelle L. Bell, Jonathan M. Samet, Francesca Dominici
Time-Series Studies Of Particulate Matter, Michelle L. Bell, Jonathan M. Samet, Francesca Dominici
Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers
Studies of air pollution and human health have evolved from descriptive studies of the early phenomena of large increases in adverse health effects following extreme air pollution episodes, to time-series analyses and the development of sophisticated regression models. In fact, advanced statistical methods are necessary to address the many challenges inherent in the detection of a small pollution risk in the presence of many confounders. This paper reviews the history, methods, and findings of the time-series studies estimating health risks associated with short-term exposure to particulate matter, though much of the discussion is applicable to epidemiological studies of air pollution …