Design of Experiments and Sample Surveys Commons^™

The Effects Of An Intervention Program On Nursing Burnout, Maria Rosa-Morales

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The risk for professional burnout has become commonly recognized and in the past several years has been a focus of research efforts. Nursing is one of the professions generating a high level of stress which results in burnout.

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of an intervention program for nurses who felt they were experiencing burnout. Nursing burnout was defined as a chronic condition of stress among nurses, which leads to a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment. The design used was a true experiment. Fifty-two nurses served as voluntary participants who …

Smoking Behavior Among Alabama Student Nurses : The Role Of Behavioral Beliefs And Normative Referencing, Judith Rausch

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of smoking behavior for the senior student nurses in the state of Alabama using Ajzen and Fishbein's Theory of Reasoned Action. Smoking prevalence by level of educational preparation and selected health behaviors were examined for relationship to cigarette use.

A sample of 11 schools of nursing were selected from Alabama's 34, using a random numbers table. There were 13 total programs as two of the schools had both A.D. and B.S. nursing programs. Thirty-two percent (N=555) of senior A.D., B.S. & diploma students nurses in Alabama responded to an 87 item …

The Modified Index Of Severity Scale, Marion Gamundoy

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[No Abstract Included]

Measuring The Effectiveness Of Patient Teaching In Postpartum Patients, Nancy Racine

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract Not Included]

Group Comparability: A Multiattribute Utility Measurement Approach To The Use Of Random Assignment With Small Numbers Of Aggregated Units, C. Anderson Johnson, John W. Graham, Brian R. Flay, William B. Hansen, Linda M. Collins

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

It is not always possible, especially in large-scale evaluation research, to ensure that random assignment will produce groups that are comparable on any number of potentially important factors. Typically, gaining comparability has been achieved only at the expense of random assignment. A method is presented that allows multivariate comparability while making only minimal restrictions on randomization. The procedure is demonstrated in the context of assigning 63 aggregated units (schools) to 28 experimental and control conditions. Good comparability of groups for all primary main effects and interactions was verified for 15 individual variables.

Orthodontic Information Systems : A Developmental Study, Gary D. Sheldon

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The intent of this study was to design and implement a computer-based orthodontic system providing an integrated information environment throughout the entire patient treatment process.

Total system integration was achieved by restructuring the entire information gathering process. A complete, evaluation of patient diagnosis and treatment evaluation procedures established five major information categories and a critical information list for proper patient management. Information organization was outlined to provide a logical progression in the information gathering process and patient chart forms were designed to implement this. Defining the computer system's performance identified three functions as follows: 1) entry and editing of individual …

Protection Of Animals And Animal Experimentation: A Survey Of Scientific Experts, Norbert Lagoni, Joachim Fiebelkorn, Hans-Joachim Wormuth

Experimentation Collection

This article summarizes information from a survey of biomedical scientists, specifically pharmacologists and toxicologists, on the use of laboratory animals and the potential for replacing their use with alternative methods for the development and evaluation of pharmaceutical substances. The majority of those surveyed felt that the alternatives could supplement or complement animal tests, but not replace the tests altogether. However, most favored the use of nonsentient material in safety tests.

The Effect Of Fetal Age On Skin Permeability In Guinea Pigs, Benita Stiles Whitted

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Preliminary investigation has indicated large decreases in fetal skin permeability during the latter half of gestation (Parmley and Seeds, 1970; Treager, 1966). The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the degree of skin permeability in fetal guinea pigs at various gestational stages. The test hypothesis was that these skins would show a significant decrease in permeability to tritiated water when tested at time increments through out the latter half of gestation.

In vitro skin permeability to tritiated water was measured in samples from 22 guinea pig fetuses. Gestational age ranged from 30 to 65 days in increments of five, …

The Effect Of Self-Help Support Groups On Self Esteem And Blood Glucose In Young Insulin-Dependent Diabetics, Linda L. Woertz

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Successful adaptation to diabetes is probably a function of many factors: the stress involved, the rewards, the motivation of the individual, and the self concept. The more optimal the self concept the more optimal the behavior may be. By helping the patient shape a positive self concept, a base can be built for blood glucose control (Bruhn, 1977, pp. 93-97). One method of improving self concept or self esteem may be through the development of self-help support groups for diabetics.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-help support group intervention on the levels of self …

Comparative In Vitro Studies On Bond Strength And Sealant Polymerization, Gerald E. Sievers

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A comparison of two orthodontic sealants and two adhesives was made. An experimental adhesive was tested (Unitek*) also an experimental sealant (Unitek**) was evaluated for its ability to polymerize into a thin film. An established adhesive and sealant system (Concise***) was compared with the above products.

The factors which were considered important to the study were: the strength of the bond formed; the working efficiency; the ability for these materials to bond to the lingual of teeth; and the value of using contralateral teeth when testing bond strength.

An Instron testing machine was used to record the shear strength of …

A Comparative Study On The Frequency Of Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, And Allergic Disorders Between Bottle-Fed And Breast-Fed Infants From Birth To Twelve Weeks Of Age, Sylvia C. Souza

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Questions concerning the advantages of breast-feeding have been debated since the introduction of commercially-prepared formula about 50 years ago. Some recognized benefits of breast milk include less respiratory as well as other Infections, less allergy in infancy and later life, and a lower morbidity rate in less-developed countries. From 1955 to 1971 in the United States there was a decline in the incidence of breast feeding related to several factors which included the introduction of formula, mothers returning to the work force, and strict maternity units' rules and routines. Since 1971 to the present there has been a resurgence in …

The Effect Of Periapical Inflammation On Cellular Cementum : A Scanning Electron Microscope Study, Gary S. Yonemoto

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the morphologic changes that occur in cellular cementum exposed to periapical inflammation.

Ten single rooted human teeth were collected. There were five specimens of normal cellular cementum and five specimens of diseased cellular cementum, which had been exposed to periapical inflammation. Each specimen was fractured longitudinally through the apical foramen, leaving the organic component intact. The cross-sectional morphology of cellular cementum was then examined using an ARM Model 1000 scanning electron microscope. Energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry was also conducted on samples representative of the two test groups.

A methodology was …

Evaluation Of New Attachment Following Full Thickness Flap Procedure In Humans, Shaunda S. Steiner

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A study was made to investigate the biological possibility of obtaining new connective tissue attachment to periodontally diseased root surfaces following full thickness flap procedure. Reconstructive surgery was performed on seven teeth involved in advanced chronic periodontal disease. A mucoperiosteal flap was raised and the apical extent of existing subgingival calculus was marked with a notch made into the root just apical to the calculus. Following thorough instrumentation, sterile saline was applied to the root surface for five minutes, and the flap was repositioned and sutured. Four months later the teeth with attached periodontal tissues were removed and processed for …

An Analysis Of The Attitudes Of Unlicensed Personnel In San Bernardino Metropolitan Area Convalescent Hospitals Toward Their Jobs And The Geriatric Patients, Theodore G. Sneed

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In American society, convalescent facility residency is a fact of life for many of the aged. Typically, in these geriatric facilities, eighty to ninety percent of primary patient care services are delivered by unlicensed personnel. Unfortunately, this segment of the convalescent facility employee population tends to be transient, underpaid and overworked, and to feel very low esteem for themselves and their jobs. This situation has produced many service abuses and interaction difficulties in the convalescent facilities. Up until the present there has been little attempt on the part of Sociology to study this portion of the employee population in these …

Methodology In Measurement Of Load Loss Or Gain In Orthodontic Wires : A Pilot Study, Merton S. Lacy

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to develop methods and equipment to measure and record over any desired length of time the loss or gain in force of any material used in orthodontics that can produce a force upon an object. The material and the object being acted upon should not be disturbed while measuring that force.

Holding devices were designed and constructed in two basic forms. For intrusive and extrusive type forces, a load cell was fixed horizontally in such a position that an adjustable tube with a set screw to hold the wire could be rotated to cause …

Effects Of Relaxation Therapy On Anxiety In Depressed Clients, Patricia Anne Worret

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

During a psychiatric field placement, it was noted by this nurse researcher that patients with a diagnosis of depression often overtly displayed symptoms of anxiety. A brief literature review revealed that this anxiety-depression duality occurred frequently.

The purpose of this study was to determine if relaxation therapy was a therapeutic intervention which could be utilized by nurses to provide relief from the symptoms of the anxiety-depression syndrome. This was a clinical, quasi-experimental research investigation. The sample was chosen by a purposive, non-random selection of 20 experimental and 10 control subjects who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of depression in an …

A Study Of The Physiological And Mental Effects Of Various Shift Patterns On Registered Nurses, Carolyn Taylor Smith

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effects of shift work on circadian I an rhythms has become a subject of great Interest to many industries, hospitals, and sleep researchers. More and more recognition is being given to the results of these studies, especially the possible adverse effects on those working the night shift or a shift they are unable to adapt to adequately. Only a few of these studies, however, have been conducted on registered nurses, a major group involved with shift work.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects on nurses working the a.m. shift (7 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.), …

The Effects Of A Teen Mother Program On The Growth And Development Of The Child, Barbara Mccarthy

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Teen-aged childbearing is a serious social, economic and health problem which has now reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Teen pregnancies have been shown to produce infants of low birth weight, of higher risk to disease and of slower growth and development.

Many programs have been developed by the state and federal government to help the young mother better cope with the problems of pregnancy. These Teen Mother programs combine the opportunity to complete a high school education with instruction in the special skills needed for parenting. This study was designed to investigate the growth and development of the …

A Comparison Of The Empathy Of Registered Nurses Practicing Primary Nursing As Compared To That Of Registered Nurses Practicing Team Nursing, Carol Milardo Floriani

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Historically the most outstanding feature of the nursing profession has been its genuine concern for the human being, and quality care of the sick has been its manifestation. However, technology with its high level of development and pervasiveness in the culture of the United States has threatened not only our society at large but also the nursing profession. "Depersonalized" and "nursing" are contradictory terms, and if used together certainly cannot denote a high quality of nursing care. In order to meet this threat, concerned health care professionals are studying ways to increase the empathetic element in nursing care in order …

Fatigue Properties Of Orthodontic Wire, Kirkland B. Reuer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Fracture of orthodontic appliances can be a problem because of the time involved to replace and repair them. It has been shown that most failures have been a result of fatigue fracture, i.e., failure resulting from cyclic loading.

The purpose of this study was to determine what effect variation of the type of orthodontic wire and heat treatment had on fatigue resistance. A device was constructed to put a cyclic load on a piece of wire until fracture. Two types of cobalt-chromium alloy wire (Blue and Green Elgiloy from Rocky Mountain Orthodontics) and three types of stain less steel wire …

Influence Of Denervation And Hemithyroidectomy On The Age Related Increase In The Number Of Calcitonin-Containing Cells In Mouse Thyroid, Nualnoi Wechbanjong

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

It has been concluded from this study that nerve fibers in the superior laryngeal nerves have an influence on the development of C-cells in the mouse thyroid. This conclusion is based on the results of two types of investigation. The first is an analysis of the effect of age on the number of C-cells and the second is an investigation of the influence of denervation and hemithyroid-parathyroidectomy on the age related changes in C-cells numbers.

I. The distribution and c011centraticn of C-cells in mouse thyroid at various ages.

Serial 6 µm sections of thyroid glands from Swjss Webster mice at …

A Study Of Treatment And Cephalometric Variables In Relation To Facial Axis Change During Treatment In A Dolichofacial Sample, Laurence A. Seifert

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The change in the facial axis in a sample of fifth-three dolichofacial patients, was compared with a number of pretreatment cephalometric variables. A number of treatment variables were also compared with the amount of facial axis change that occurred during orthodontic treatment.

The cephalometric variables measured were:

1. Facial axis
2. Upper face height (maxillary height)
3. Lower face height
4. Posterior face height
5. Mandibular arc
6. Palatal-mandibular plane
7. Palatal-occlusal plane
8. Occlusal-mandibular plane
9. Overbite
10. Upper first molar to palatal plane
11. Lower first molar to mandibular plane
12. Lower incisor to mandibular plane
13. Incisal edge of lower incisor to mandibular plane
14. Xi point to occlusal plane

Treatment …

The Effect Of Warmed Humidified Oxygen On The Temperature Of Depressed Newborns, Earlene Scharping

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of warmed humidified oxygen on the body temperature of depressed newborns and compare it to the effect of unwarned un-humidified oxygen administered under similar circumstances. The sample group consisted of a total of ten infants (five control and five experimental) with birth weights > 2000 gms who had an Apgar score of less than seven at birth and who required the administration of oxygen. The control group received oxygen in the routine delivery room manner (unwarned and un-humidified). The experimental group received oxygen which had been warmed to a temperature of …

Community Health Nursing Assessment And Counseling Of The Breast-Feeding Primipara, Donita Rotherham

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

An experimental study was conducted with twenty-one breast-feeding primiparas during the initial four-week post-partal period to test the effect of in-home community health nursing assessment and counseling on the breast-feeding success rate. It was hypothesized that mothers receiving assessment and counseling regarding physical, informational and psychosocial needs, would be more successful than those who were not counseled.

Criteria for success were: (1) breast-feeding at four weeks postpartum, (2) an adequate milk supply as evidenced by no need for formula supplementation to keep the baby satisfied, (3) an infant weight gain of one to two pounds during the four-week period, and …

Community Health Nurse Influence On Retiree Health Planning, Patricia Hora

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The number and percent of the population over the age of 60 in the United States is increasing. The majority of these people (96%) are functioning in their own homes (Shanas, 1965). Physical health is important to the enjoyment and utilization of the added years of life. Therefore it seems important to find ways to meet the older citizen before the time of illness and help him/her to develop health goals and plans that will facilitate an optimal level of functioning and improve the quality of life.

The purpose of this study was to describe a method of intervening at …

The Effect Of Planned Physical Activities On Deficient Motor Skills In Head Start Preschool Children, Darlene L. Robinson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

During the past few years many physicians, nurses, psychologists, teachers, and physical educators have begun to place more emphasis upon the developmental problems of children. As an outgrowth of this, more attention has been given the child showing mild to moderate motor problems. As a result of these more subtle difficulties going unrecognized and untreated, children may suffer from learning disorders, lack of acceptance by teachers and peers, maladaptive behavior and feelings of low self-esteem (Cratty, 1970; Kiphard, -1970; and Ferinden, 1972).

The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether planned physical activities would aid in remediation and/or modification …

Evaluation Of A Precision Filing Test For Predicting Dental Technic Performance, Douglass Roberts

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A precision filing test involving the reduction of a steel cylinder to a perfect cube with the use of a hand file and bench vise was devised as a diagnostic tool for the early detection of freshman students having technic difficulties. The test was administered to 188 freshman dental students in three classes at Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry. Subjective and objective scores were then statistically compared with subsequent technic and clinic grades of the students. The simple linear correlations between the predictor test variable and criterion grades were statistically significant for one class and for the combined classes …

A Clinical Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Two Intracanal Medicaments, Xp-7/Prednisolone And 1% Pcp/Prednisolone, In Reduction And Duration Of Post-Treatment Pain, Kenneth G. Whitnack

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was undertaken to determine which intracanal medication, 1% aqueous parachlorophenol with prednisolone or XP-7 with prednisolone was the most effective in reducing the severity and duration of post-treatment pain following initial, conventional endodontic therapy. The investigation was conducted by five endodontists in their private offices and utilized a double-blind technique.

The postoperative reactions of 343 patients were examined statistically. It was shown that there was no statistically significant difference in the reduction or duration of post-treatment pain with either drug. Other factors such as sex, age, location of tooth and presence of a radiographic lesion were statistically significant …

Developing A Periodontal Screening Examination, Jeffrey R. Morgulis

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Periodontal disease is the primary cause of tooth loss in the adult, and therefore, early diagnosis of periodontal disease by the general practitioner is important in terms of prevention as well as treatment. The present study was designed to develop a periodontal screening examination which would fulfill the following requirements:

1. It should utilize precise and easily understood criteria.
2. It should take a short period of time.
3. It should enable the practitioner to accurately place patients into various disease categories.
4. It should enable the practitioner to easily and quickly relate these disease categories to treatment.

A "comprehensive" periodontal examination was performed …

Delegation Of Task Functions By Dietitians To Dietetic Technicians, James Lumsden

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Dietetics has been identified as one of the professions in which there is a shortage of qualified personnel. The need to delegate selected task functions to extend professional skills and contain costs has been recognized in many professions faced with a manpower shortage.

This research was done to determine the degree to which dietitians will utilize dietetic technicians in the role proposed by the American Dietetic Association. A questionnaire was the instrument utilized to collect data from the 197 randomly selected hospitals in the continental United States. Task functions identified in the proposed job descriptions for the dietetic technician in …