Applied Statistics Commons^™

Long-Term Outcomes After Elective Sterilization Procedures — A Comparative Retrospective Cohort Study Of Medicaid Patients, Rachel Steward, Patricia Carney, Amy Law, Lin Xie, Yuexi Wang, Huseyin Yuce

Publications and Research

Objectives: The objectives were to compare the long-termoutcomes, including hysterectomy, chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), in women post hysteroscopic sterilization (HS) and laparoscopic tubal ligation (TL) in the Medicaid population.

Study design: This was a retrospective observational cohort analysis using data from the US Medicaid Analytic Extracts Encounters database.Women aged 18 to 49 years with at least one claimfor HS (n=3929) or TL (n=10,875) between July 1, 2009, through December 31, 2010, were included. Main outcome measures were hysterectomy, CPP or AUB in the 24 months poststerilization. Propensity score matching was used to control for patient …

Flow Anisotropy Due To Thread-Like Nanoparticle Agglomerations In Dilute Ferrofluids, Alexander Cali, Wah-Keat Lee, A. David Trubatch, Philip Yecko

Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Improved knowledge of the magnetic field dependent flow properties of nanoparticle-based magnetic fluids is critical to the design of biomedical applications, including drug delivery and cell sorting. To probe the rheology of ferrofluid on a sub-millimeter scale, we examine the paths of 550 μm diameter glass spheres falling due to gravity in dilute ferrofluid, imposing a uniform magnetic field at an angle with respect to the vertical. Visualization of the spheres’ trajectories is achieved using high resolution X-ray phase-contrast imaging, allowing measurement of a terminal velocity while simultaneously revealing the formation of an array of long thread-like accumulations of magnetic …

How Is Your Productivity Affected Based On Your App Usage?, Colette Noghreian

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

As technology becomes more prominent in society, it is crucial to investigate its effect on day to day life. The purpose of this study is to determine how the amount of time spent on iPhone applications affects how productive students feel in the span of one week. Results are tested through a survey which first determines general information about the student, and then guides students to navigate their phone settings and record the battery usage of the top three applications which use up the most battery. It is hypothesized that productivity decreases as battery usage increases due to the substantial …

Statistical Analysis Of Momentum In Basketball, Mackenzi Stump

Honors Projects

The “hot hand” in sports has been debated for as long as sports have been around. The debate involves whether streaks and slumps in sports are true phenomena or just simply perceptions in the mind of the human viewer. This statistical analysis of momentum in basketball analyzes the distribution of time between scoring events for the BGSU Women’s Basketball team from 2011-2017. We discuss how the distribution of time between scoring events changes with normal game factors such as location of the game, game outcome, and several other factors. If scoring events during a game were always randomly distributed, or …

Approximating The Distribution Of Indefinite Quadratic Forms In Normal Variables By Maximum Entropy Density Estimation, Ghasem Rekabdar, Rahim Chinipardaz

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The quadratic form of non-central normal variables is presented based on a sum of weighted independent non-central chi-square variables. This presentation provides moments of quadratic form. The maximum entropy method is used to estimate the density function because distribution moments of quadratic forms are known. A Euclidean distance is proposed to select an appropriate maximum entropy density function. In order to compare with other methods some numerical examples were evaluated. Also, for discrimination between two groups by the Euclidean distances, we obtained a stochastic representation for the linear discriminant function using the quadratic form. The maximum entropy estimation was an …

Semi-Parametric Method To Estimate The Time-To-Failure Distribution And Its Percentiles For Simple Linear Degradation Model, Laila Naji Ba Dakhn, Mohammed Al-Haj Ebrahem, Omar Eidous

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Most reliability studies obtained reliability information by using degradation measurements over time, which contains useful data about the product reliability. Parametric methods like the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator and the ordinary least square (OLS) estimator are used widely to estimate the time-to-failure distribution and its percentiles. In this article, we estimate the time-to-failure distribution and its percentiles by using a semi-parametric estimator that assumes the parametric function to have a half- normal distribution or an exponential distribution. The performance of the semi-parametric estimator is compared via simulation study with the ML and OLS estimators by using the mean square error …

Jmasm 48: The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient And Adjustment Indices: The Fisher Approximate Unbiased Estimator And The Olkin-Pratt Adjustment (Spss), David A. Walker

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This syntax program is intended to provide an application, not readily available, for users in SPSS who are interested in the Pearson product–moment correlation coefficient (r) and r biased adjustment indices such as the Fisher Approximate Unbiased estimator and the Olkin and Pratt adjustment.

Inferential Procedures For Log Logistic Distribution With Doubly Interval Censored Data, Yue Fang Loh, Jayanthi Arasan, Habshah Midi, M. R. Abu Bakar

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The log logistic model with doubly interval censored data is examined. Three methods of constructing confidence interval estimates for the parameter of the model were compared and discussed. The results of the coverage probability study indicated that the Wald outperformed the likelihood ratio and jackknife inferential procedures.

On Poisson Quasi-Lindley Distribution And Its Applications, Razika Grine, Halim Zeghdoudi

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This paper proposes a recent version of compound Poisson distributions named the Poisson quasi-Lindley (PQL) distribution by compounding Poisson and quasi-Lindley distributions. Some properties of the distributions are given with estimation and some illustrative examples.

Detection Of Outliers In Univariate Circular Data Using Robust Circular Distance, Ehab A. Mahmood, Sohel Rana, Habshah Midi, Abdul Ghapor Hussin

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A robust statistic to detect single and multi-outliers in univariate circular data is proposed. The performance of the proposed statistic was tested by applying it to a simulation study and to three real data sets, and was demonstrated to be robust.

Modeling Agreement Between Binary Classifications Of Multiple Raters In R And Sas, Aya A. Mitani, Kerrie P. Nelson

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Cancer screening and diagnostic tests often are classified using a binary outcome such as diseased or not diseased. Recently large-scale studies have been conducted to assess agreement between many raters. Measures of agreement using the class of generalized linear mixed models were implemented efficiently in four recently introduced R and SAS packages in large-scale agreement studies incorporating binary classifications. Simulation studies were conducted to compare the performance across the packages and apply the agreement methods to two cancer studies.

Jmasm 49: A Compilation Of Some Popular Goodness Of Fit Tests For Normal Distribution: Their Algorithms And Matlab Codes (Matlab), Metin Öner, İpek Deveci Kocakoç

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The main purpose of this study is to review calculation algorithms for some of the most common non-parametric and omnibus tests for normality, and to provide them as a compiled MATLAB function. All tests are coded to provide p-values for those normality tests, and the proposed function gives the results as an output table.

The Impact Of Predictor Variable(S) With Skewed Cell Probabilities On Wald Tests In Binary Logistic Regression, Arwa Alkhalaf, Bruno D. Zumbo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A series of simulation studies are reported that investigated the impact of a skewed predictor(s) on the Type I error rate and power of the Wald test in a logistic regression model. Five simulations were conducted for three different regression models. A detailed description of the impact of skewed cell predictor probabilities and sample size provide guidelines for practitioners wherein to expect the greatest problems.

Jmasm 50: A Web-Based Shiny Application For Conducting A Two Dependent Samples Maximum Test (R), Saverpierre Maggio, Gokul Bhandari, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A web-based Shiny application written in R statistical language was developed and deployed online to calculate a new two dependent samples maximum test as presented in Maggio and Sawilowsky (2014b). The maximum test allows researchers to conduct both the dependent samples t-test and Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests on same data without raising concerns associated with Type I error inflation and choice of statistical tests (Maggio and Sawilowsky, 2014a). The maximum test in R statistical language provides a friendly user interface.

Jmasm 47: Anova_Hov: A Sas Macro For Testing Homogeneity Of Variance In One-Factor Anova Models (Sas), Isaac Li, Yi-Hsin Chen, Yan Wang, Patricia RodríGuez De Gil, Thanh Pham, Diep Nguyen, Eun Sook Kim, Jeffrey D. Kromrey

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Variance homogeneity (HOV) is a critical assumption for ANOVA whose violation may lead to perturbations in Type I error rates. Minimal consensus exists on selecting an appropriate test. This SAS macro implements 14 different HOV approaches in one-way ANOVA. Examples are given and practical issues discussed.

A Remark For The Admissibility Of Rao’S U-Test, Z. D. Bai, C. R. Rao, M. T. Tsai

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

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Front Matter, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

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Vol. 16, No. 2 (Full Issue), Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

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'Parallel Universe' Or 'Proven Future'? The Language Of Dependent Means T-Test Interpretations, Anthony M. Gould, Jean-Etienne Joullié

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Of the three kinds of two-mean comparisons which judge a test statistic against a critical value taken from a Student t-distribution, one – the repeated measures or dependent-means application – is distinctive because it is meant to assess the value of a parameter which is not part of the natural order. This absence forces a choice between two interpretations of a significant test result and the meaning of the test hypothesis. The parallel universe view advances a conditional, backward-looking conclusion. The more practical proven future interpretation is a non-conditional proposition about what will happen if an intervention is (now) applied …

Unit Root Test For Panel Data Ar(1) Time Series Model With Linear Time Trend And Augmentation Term: A Bayesian Approach, Jitendra Kumar, Anoop Chaturvedi, Umme Afifa, Shafat Yousuf, Saurabh Kumar

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The univariate time series models, in the case of unit root hypothesis, are more biased towards the acceptance of the Unit Root Hypothesis especially in a short time span. However, the panel data time series model is more appropriate in such situation. The Bayesian analysis of unit root testing for a panel data time series model is considered. An autoregressive panel data AR(1) model with linear time trend and augmentation term has been considered and derived the posterior odds ratio for testing the presence of unit root hypothesis under appropriate prior assumptions. A simulation study and real data analysis are …

End Matter, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

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Characterizations Of Distributions By Expected Values Of Lower Record Statistics With Spacing, M. Faizan, Ziaul Haque, M. A. Ansari

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The characterizations of a certain class of probability distributions are established through conditional expectation of lower record values when the conditioned record value may not be the adjacent one. Some of its important deductions are also discussed.

Using Pratt's Importance Measures In Confirmatory Factor Analyses, Amrey D. Wu, Bruno D. Zumbo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

When running a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), users specify and interpret the pattern (loading) matrix. It has been recommended that the structure coefficients, indicating the factors’ correlation with the observed indicators, should also be reported when the factors are correlated (Graham, Guthrie, & Thompson, 2003; Thompson, 1997). The aims of this article are: (1) to note the structure coefficient should be interpreted with caution if the factors are specified to correlate. Because the structure coefficient is a zero-order correlation, it may be partially or entirely a reflection of factor correlations. This is elucidated by the matrix algebra of the structure …

A Double Ewma Control Chart For The Individuals Based On A Linear Prediction, Rafael Perez Abreu, Jay R. Schaffer

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Industrial process use single and double Exponential Weighted Moving Average control charts to detect small shifts in it. Occasionally there is a need to detect small trends instead of shifts, but the effectiveness to detect small trends. A new control chart is proposed to detect a small drift.

Study Evaluating The Alterations Caused In An Exploratory Factor Analysis When Multivariate Normal Data Is Dichotomized, Rosilei S. Novak, Jair M. Marques

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The relationships resulting from the dichotomization of multivariate normal data is a question that causes concern when using exploratory factor analysis. The relationships in an exploratory factor analysis are examined when multivariate normal data, generated by Monte Carlo methods, is dichotomized.

Power And Sample Size Estimation For Nonparametric Composite Endpoints: Practical Implementation Using Data Simulations, Paul M. Brown, Justin A. Ezekowitz

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Composite endpoints are a popular outcome in controlled studies. However, the required sample size is not easily obtained due to the assortment of outcomes, correlations between them and the way in which the composite is constructed. Data simulations are required. A macro is developed that enables sample size and power estimation.

Hemodynamic Characteristics Of Ruptured And Unruptured Multiple Aneurysms At Mirror And Ipsilateral Locations, Ravi Doddasomayajula, Bong Jae Chung, Fernando Mut, Carlos M. Jimenez, Farid Hamzei-Sichani, Christopher M. Putman, Juan R. Cebral

Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Different hemodynamic patterns have been associated with aneurysm rupture. The objective was to test whether hemodynamic characteristics of the ruptured aneurysm in patients with multiple aneurysms were different from those in unruptured aneurysms in the same patient.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four mirror and 58 ipsilateral multiple aneurysms with 1 ruptured and the others unruptured were studied. Computational fluid dynamics models were created from 3D angiographies. Case-control studies of mirror and ipsilateral aneurysms were performed with paired Wilcoxon tests.

RESULTS: In mirror pairs, the ruptured aneurysm had more oscillatory wall shear stress (P = .007) than the …

The Regression Smoother Lowess: A Confidence Band That Allows Heteroscedasticity And Has Some Specified Simultaneous Probability Coverage, Rand Wilcox

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Many nonparametric regression estimators (smoothers) have been proposed that provide a more flexible method for estimating the true regression line compared to using some of the more obvious parametric models. A basic goal when using any smoother is computing a confidence band for the true regression line. Let M(Y|X) be some conditional measure of location associated with the random variable Y, given X and let x be some specific value of the covariate. When using the LOWESS estimator, an extant method that assumes homoscedasticity can be used to compute a confidence interval for M(Y|X = x). A trivial way of …

Robust Measures Of Variable Importance For Multivariate Group Designs, Tolulope T. Sajobi, Lisa M. Lix

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Variable importance measures based on discriminant analysis and multivariate analysis of variance are useful for identifying variables that discriminate between two groups in multivariate group designs. Variable importance measures are developed based on trimmed and Winsorized estimators for describing group differences in multivariate non-normal populations.

Effectively Comparing Differences In Proportions, Lonnie Turpin Jr.

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A single framework of developing and implementing tests about proportions is outlined. It avoids some of the pitfalls of methods commonly put forward in an introductory data analysis course.