Statistics and Probability Commons^™

Ulk4 And Cdkn2a Polymorphisms Influence The Risk Of Developing Monoclonal Gammopathy Of Undetermined Significance, José Manuuel Sánchez-Maldonado, Angelica Macauda, Antonio José Cabrera-Serrano, Hauke Thomsen, Murat Güler, Rob Ter Horst, Bethany Van Guelpen, Pavel Vodicka, Stefano Landi, Subhayan Chattopadhyay, Pelin Ünal, Lucía Ruiz-Durán, Delphine Casabonne, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Istemi Serin, María Carretero-Fernández, Elena Cabezudo, Fernando Reyes-Zurita, Alyssa I. Clay-Gilmour, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a necessary precursor condition to multiple myeloma (MM). Given the role of autophagy in modulating MM risk, we investigated whether genetic variation in autophagy-related genes influences susceptibility to MGUS. We analyzed the association of 34,042 common autophagy-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with MGUS across six independent cohorts, five from Europe and one from North America, comprising 2317 MGUS cases and 282,358 controls. We also assessed their impact on immune parameters, including absolute counts of 91 blood-derived immune cell subsets and 103 circulating immunological proteins. Meta-analysis revealed a genome-wide significant association between the ULK4 …

Impact Of Medicaid Enrollment Timing On Tumor Stage At Diagnosis And Survival In Breast, Colorectal, And Lung Cancer, Gabriel A. Benavidez, Stella Coker Watson Self Ph.D., Ms, Anthony Alberg Ph.D., M.P.H., Janice Probst, Jan Marie Eberth

Faculty Publications

Background: Medicaid-insured patients experience higher rates of late-stage cancer diagnosis and worse survival than non-Medicaid patients. The impact of Medicaid enrollment timing on cancer outcomes is less clear. This study examines the association between Medicaid enrollment and timing with tumor stage and cancer-specific survival for breast, colorectal, and lung cancers. Methods: We analyzed SEER-Medicaid linked data for 276,755 breast, 104,784 colorectal, and 101,058 lung cancer patients < 65 years of age. Patients were categorized as non-Medicaid enrollees, pre-diagnosis enrollees (≥12 months before), or post-diagnosis enrollees (≤12 months after). Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios of late-stage diagnosis, and cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess cancer-specific survival, adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. Results: Compared to non-Medicaid enrollees, post-diagnosis enrollees had the highest odds of late-stage diagnosis (breast cancer: OR: 3.41; colorectal cancer: OR: 3.78; lung cancer: OR: 1.87). Pre-diagnosis enrollees also had increased odds, but the …

Automating Cardiff Model Data Capture In Emergency Departments: Ambient Nlp Integration With Oracle-Cerner Fhir Systems, Simi Augustine, Marco A. Lopez, Jacquelyn Cheun, Chris Papesh

SMU Data Science Review

Violence and overdose events in Las Vegas occur at rates above the national average, with fewer than half of violent injuries reported to law enforcement [2,7]. The Cardiff Model offers a proven framework for standardized data collection and sharing between hospitals and public safety partners, yet many implementations still rely on manual entry. We propose an ambient triage pipeline integrated with Oracle-Cerner electronic health record systems to listen to nurse–patient dialogue, convert speech to text, extract Cardiff fields, and write standards-based FHIR Bundles for analytics. Using SMART on FHIR standards and Cerner Millennium APIs, the study evaluates whether ambient capture …

Availability Model To Evaluate Ai Data Centers’ Role In Grid Stability, Troy Mcsimov, Trevor S. Kunz, Jeffrey Billo

SMU Data Science Review

The United States has made it clear; it is imperative that the US wins the global AI race. This paper focuses on one of the most challenging puzzle pieces surfaced at the POWER Data Center conference (San Antonio, Sept. 30.); for Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) the limiting factor is not generation alone but the need to balance generation and load to preserve grid reliability.

The regulatory landscape fundamentally changed with the passage of Texas Senate Bill 6 in June 2025, which mandates new large loads must "contribute to the recovery of the interconnecting electric utility’s costs" (Texas Legislature, …

Rural–Urban Differences In Cognitive Outcomes Among Older Adults: The Roles Of Falls And Depressive Symptoms, Ayse Malatyali, Tom Cidav, Lisa A.K. Wiese, Jian Zou, Monique J. Brown Ph.D., Mph, Junfeng Ma, Breno S. Diniz, Ladda Thiamwong

Faculty Publications

Background: Older adults with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) experience a higher risk of falls. However, research lacks evidence on the effect of fall exposure on cognitive impairment and dementia. We investigated the association of falls and depressive symptoms with cognitive impairment and dementia in a nationally representative sample. Methods: We analyzed data from 6221 participants (age ≥ 65) in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) from the 2018–2020 waves, using Multinomial logistic regression models. Measures included the HRS health status questionnaire, HRS cognition scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Results: Prevalence of fall exposure across …

Rural–Urban Differences In Cognitive Outcomes Among Older Adults: The Roles Of Falls And Depressive Symptoms, Ayse Malatyali, Tom Cidav, Lisa A.K. Wiese, Jian Zou, Monique J. Brown Ph.D., Mph, Junfeng Ma, Breno S. Diniz, Ladda Thiamwong

Faculty Publications

Background: Older adults with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) experience a higher risk of falls. However, research lacks evidence on the effect of fall exposure on cognitive impairment and dementia. We investigated the association of falls and depressive symptoms with cognitive impairment and dementia in a nationally representative sample. Methods: We analyzed data from 6221 participants (age ≥ 65) in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) from the 2018–2020 waves, using Multinomial logistic regression models. Measures included the HRS health status questionnaire, HRS cognition scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Results: Prevalence of fall exposure across …

Averaging Principle For A General Class Of Periodic Functions In Discrete Spaces, Martin Bohner, Jaqueline G. Mesquita, Sabrina Streipert

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this work, we develop a periodic averaging principle for arbitrary discrete time domains, leveraging a novel definition of periodicity. This definition does not rely on the classical requirement for the time domain itself to be periodic. We implement this averaging principle across diverse discrete time domains and explore a range of periodic functions within this extended context. The paper contains several examples with numerical simulations, providing visual demonstrations of our results. This highlights the versatility of our averaging principle and its potential to understand dynamics of nonautonomous recurrences with complex temporal patterns.

Controllability Of The Semilinear Benjamin–Bona–Mahony Dynamic Equation On Homogeneous Time Scales, Martin Bohner, Cosme Duque, Hugo Leiva

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

This work investigates the approximate controllability and free-time approximate controllability of a generalized semi linear Benjamin–Bona–Mahony type dynamic equation defined on homogeneous time scales, subject to homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. To accomplish this, the problem is framed within an abstract setting, employing the -semigroup theory on time scales. Moreover, we apply a technique introduced by Bashirov et al. [1, 2], which enables us to avoid relying on fixed point theorems.

An Seir Model On Time Scales With Discrete Applications To Tuberculosis, E. Akın, G. Yeni, D. Konur, S. R. Işık, M. R. Işık

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we propose a novel dynamical model on time scales consisting of new parameters to investigate the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis (TB), one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide, characterized by a long latency stage. The dynamical TB model, governed by the Susceptible–Exposed–Infected–Recovered (SEIR) framework within a unified form, yields a continuous model with a non-saturated incidence rate on the real numbers and discrete models with saturated incidence rates when different time domains are chosen. We analyze the stability of the equilibrium points of both the continuous TB model on the set of real numbers and the discrete …

Using Ensemble Disagreement To Stabilize Conformal Prediction Under Distribution Shift, Patrick D. Murphy

Master's Theses

Semantic segmentation of eelgrass from drone imagery is crucial for coastal habitat monitoring, restoration, and management, as these habitats continue to see rapid changes due to climate change and human influence. However, the reliability of generalizing a deployed classification model relies on both high-accuracy segmentation as well as robust uncertainty quantification that holds up when conditions change over years or locations. Conformal prediction (CP) is a method that converts a classifier's output into prediction sets with a guaranteed average coverage level for in-distribution data. However, the “vanilla” conformal score can often under-cover in hard or out-of-distribution (OOD) regions under drift. …

Pointwise Self-Homeomorphic Generalized Inverse Limits, Ali H. Ali, Faruq A. Mena, Robert Paul Roe

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we find uncountable families of generalized inverse sequences on intervals, where the bonding functions consist of a finite number of line segments, such that the inverse limit spaces of these sequences are pointwise self-homeomorphic continua. We give several examples of pointwise self-homeomorphic continua obtained in this manner including the dendrite D3 and a dendrite containing Dω. The dendrite D3 was obtained previously, by others, as a generalized inverse limit but the bonding function in that example contained infinitely many line segments. We show that the techniques we use on intervals can be extended to inverse limits where …

Selecting Without Replacement From A Population Of Bands Of Serially Connected Objects, James E. Marengo, Dominick Banasik, Joseph Voelkel, David L. Farnsworth

Articles

The sampling procedure from a finite population of objects that are serially attached into bands is described and analyzed. One object is randomly selected and removed at a time, which results in that object’s band being broken into two bands or shortened by one object. The main result gives the probability of choosing an object that is part of a band of serially connected objects of any specified size at each stage of the selection process.

Does Genetic Testing Influence Outcomes: Early Experience In Melanoma Case Series, Ryan Reyes, George Skenteris, Stella Coker Watson Self Ph.D., Ms, Christine Marie-Gilligan Schammel, Steven D. Trocha

Faculty Publications

Background:

The treatment and prognosis of melanoma have historically been based on histologic stage and Breslow depth; however, due to the increase in surveillance, melanomas are being identified at an earlier stage and lower Breslow depth. Advances in genetic testing, such as Decision Dx®, mean that melanoma diagnostic decisions and prognosis can now be directed by genetics. The purpose of this project was to assess the influence of a Decision Dx® high-grade (Class 2A/B) classification on the treatment of melanoma patients at a regional medical center, particularly those not deemed high risk by conventional classification methods, including Breslow depth and …

Empirical Comparisons Of Partial Dimension Reduction Algorithms In High-Dimensional Regression, Nathan Greenfield

Master's Theses

In high-dimensional regression problems, dimension reduction methods are often used to address the challenges of multicollinearity and estimation instability. Partial dimension reduction extends these ideas by applying dimension reduction to a subset of the predictors, while the remaining predictors are modeled without compression. This approach is particularly useful when it is important to retain variability and interpretability in certain predictors.

This thesis investigates the empirical performance of partial dimension reduction algorithms and introduces a novel algorithm, Iterative Partial Residual (IPR). Two algorithms are considered: a baseline algorithm, Marginal Residual (MR), and the proposed IPR method. Their predictive performance is evaluated …

Molecular Lung Imaging Following Exposure To Radiation Predicts Long-Term Survival In Rats, Anne V. Clough, Kathrina Mpala, Taheri Pardis, Laura Norwood Toro, Andreas M. Beyer, Tracy Gasperetti, Ming Zhao, Sarah Kerns, Heather A. Himburg, Said H. Audi

Mathematical and Statistical Science Faculty Research and Publications

Delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE), including radiation pneumonitis (lung-DEARE), develop weeks to months after radiation exposure. Pathway-targeted biomarkers that capture early oxidative stress and cell death could improve risk stratification and provide objective measures of mitigator efficacy. The objective was to test whether molecular lung imaging predicts long-term survival and mitigator response after irradiation. Rats received 13.5 Gy leg-out partial-body irradiation with a subset treated with the radiation-injury mitigator lisinopril. Rats underwent lung imaging at weeks 2 and 4 post-irradiation with ^99mTc-duramycin (cell death) and ^99mTc-HMPAO (oxidative stress). Plasma mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) were also …

Urban–Rural Disparities In Metabolic Risk Factors For Hypertension Among The Elderly In Indonesia, Susiana Nugraha, Puri Wulandari

Kesmas

Hypertension remains a major public health challenge among the elderly in low- and middle-income countries. This cross-sectional study examined demographic and metabolic factors associated with hypertension among the elderly living in urban and rural areas of West and Central Java Provinces, Indonesia. This study included 1,920 adults aged ≥60 years who had resided in the study areas for at least six months, were able to communicate effectively, and provided informed consent. Data were collected between March and August 2023 using stratified multistage random sampling, structured questionnaires, and biochemical measurements. Multivariable logistic regression revealed distinct patterns of association across settings. In …

Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence In Patients With Hiv At A Public Hospital In Central Jakarta, Indonesia, Kareena Sari Fatimah, Laily Hanifah, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Nayla Kamilia Fithri

Kesmas

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are required to take antiretroviral therapy (ART) to suppress the virus. However, suboptimal adherence remains a critical barrier that can lead to treatment failure and persistent transmission risks. This study aimed to identify factors associated with ART adherence in patients with HIV. This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design consisted of patients with HIV aged >18 years who received care at the voluntary counseling and testing clinic of a public hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was used. This study used HIV care and ART overview forms as instruments. Data were analyzed using multiple …

Association Between Dietary Folate And Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Among African Americans And European Americans, Lihchyun Joseph Su, Sarah O'Connor, Daniela Ramirez Aguilar, Minjae Lee, Harrison Wong, Hui-Yi Lin, Jeannette T. Bensen, James L. Mohler, Lenore Arab, Longgang Zhao, Ebonee N. Butler, Laura Farnan, Susan E. Steck Phd, Mph, Rd

Faculty Publications

Background: Despite the confirmed beneficial effects on preventing neural tube defects, concerns about high intakes of synthetic folate, or folic acid, in promoting cancer progression have been raised. This study evaluated the association between folate intake and prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness among African-American (AA) and European-American (EA) males. Methods: This study included 722 AA and 775 EA men with prostate cancer. Folate intake (dietary folate equivalent (DFE), synthetic folate, natural folate) was estimated using the National Cancer Institute Dietary History Questionnaire and detailed dietary supplement use questionnaire. Analyses included univariable comparisons of demographic and clinical characteristics of the two racial …

Trends In Self-Reported Responses To Nutrition Facts Labels Before And After Nutrition Labeling Policy Implementation: A Comparison Of Adults In The United States And Mexico, Jim Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms, Victor Vilalobos, Dai Fang, Alejandra Jáuregui, Alejandra Contreras-Manzano, Rachel Davis Ph.D., Lana Vanderlee, Christine M. White, Rachel B. Acton, James W. Hardin, Edward A. Frongillo Jr. Ph.D., Simón Barquera, David Hammond

Faculty Publications

Background

Objectives

Methods

A Transcriptional Program Associated With Neurotransmission In The Living Human Brain, Alexander W. Charney, Lora E. Liharska, Eric Vornholt, Alissa Valentine, Anina Lund, Alice Hashemi, Ryan C. Thompson, Terry Lohrenz, Jessica S. Johnson, Nicole Bussola, Esther Cheng, You Jeong Park, Salman Qasim, Alisha Aristel, Lillian Wilkins, Kimia Ziafat, Hannah Silk, Lisa M. Linares, Brendan Sullivan, Claudia Feng, Beniamino Hadj-Amar Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

At the foundation of neurotransmission, and by extension at the foundation of brain function, are coordinated programs of gene expression involving many thousands of genes. These programs are poorly defined in humans because most modern studies that characterize human brain gene expression use tissue obtained in the postmortem state when neurotransmission and brain function have ceased. Here, to advance knowledge of the gene expression programs at the foundation of neurotransmission in the human brain, gene expression was characterized in 130 prefrontal cortex (PFC) samples obtained from participants of the Living Brain Project (LBP) during neurosurgical procedures in conjunction with intracranial …

Survival On Image Regression With Application To Partially Functional Distributional Representation Of Physical Activity, Rahul Ghosal, Sunwoo Emma Cho, Marcos Matabuena

Faculty Publications

Technological advancements in wearable devices and medical imaging often lead to high-dimensional physiological signals in the form of images or surfaces. To address these data structures, we develop a novel survival on image regression model with a specific focus on partially functional distributional representation of wearable data. The existing approaches for functional data and survival outcomes have been primarily developed for uni-dimensional functional predictors. Drawing on recent developments in distributional data analysis, we model temporally varying distributional patterns of physical activity (PA) as a partially functional distributional predictor within a semiparametric Cox model framework. We use tensor product splines to …

Environmental Chemicals And Maternal Depression During And After Pregnancy: A Scoping Review, Pengfei Guo, Yunyue Shi, Cindy Nguyen, Haoran Zhuo, Tormod Rogne, Zeyan Liew

Faculty Publications

Purpose of Review

There is increasing evidence that several environmental exposures may pose a risk for depression, including maternal depression. We conducted a scoping review of epidemiological evidence regarding maternal exposure to environmental chemicals and perinatal depression.

Recent Findings

We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Dimensions, and Scopus, and summarized the findings from 27 articles that examined environmental chemical exposures and maternal depression. Studies of ambient air pollutants (N = 11) showed exposure to NO₂ and PM10 to be most consistently associated with antenatal or postnatal depression. Studies of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including phthalates (n = 6), …

Project G.L.E.N. (Enhancing Tornado Research: A Foundation For Transistioning The Enhanced Fujita Scale), Alexis Peshehonoff, Makaylei Huggins, Bernard Muich, Nicholas Fazzolari, Liam John, Harris Meyer, Jakob Graudons, Nicholas Krasznavolgyi, Stephen Syvertson, Aditya Bhattacharya, Kai Hong, Augustine Balish, Zachary Ort, Erin Rhoden

Student Research Symposium (SRS)

"Project G.L.E.N., formally known as “Enhancing Tornado Research: A Case for Transitioning the Enhanced Fujita Scale,” is an ongoing initiative aimed at advancing tornado research through the development and deployment of an unmanned tornado probe. Through the Gale Level Environmental Navigator (G.L.E.N.) probe, a remote-controlled unit equipped with specialized meteorological sensors and innovative design features, we aim to collect real-time, onsite data from within tornadoes. This approach allows for direct measurement of internal atmospheric conditions such as wind speeds, pressure fluctuations, temperature, humidity, and other storm dynamics while removing human risk from tornado interception, significantly enhancing the safety of storm …

A Mechanistic Model Of The Wash Shuffle And Monte Carlo Exploration Of Its Impact On Card Shuffling In Texas Hold’Em, Michael A. Alexeev, Peter B. Chi

UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal

In casino games using a standard deck of cards, a wash shuffle is sometimes performed prior to the rest of the card shuffling procedure. Unlike other methods of shuffling, the wash shuffle has not yet been well studied. To this end, we first develop a mechanistic model of the wash shuffle based on our observation of how cards tend to move when a wash shuffle is being performed. Then, we use this model to simulate the card shuffling procedure used in casino poker rooms, and explore the resulting impact on where the cards are dealt in the context of Texas …

Effective Wordle Heuristics, Ronald I. Greenberg

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

While previous researchers have performed an exhaustive search to determine an optimal Wordle strategy, that computation is very time consuming and produced a strategy using words that are unfamiliar to most people. With Wordle solutions being gradually eliminated (with a new puzzle each day and no reuse), an improved strategy could be generated each day, but the computation time makes a daily exhaustive search impractical. This paper shows that simple heuristics allow for fast generation of effective strategies and that little is lost by guessing only words that are possible solution words rather than more obscure words.

Tidychangepoint: A Unified Framework For Analyzing Changepoint Detection In Univariate Time Series, Ben Baumer, Biviana Marcela Suárez Sierra

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

We present tidychangepoint, a new R package for changepoint detection analysis. Most R packages for segmenting univariate time series focus on providing one or two algorithms for changepoint detection that work with a small set of models and penalized objective functions, and all of them return a custom, nonstandard object type. This makes comparing results across various algorithms, models, and penalized objective functions unnecessarily difficult. tidychangepoint solves this problem by wrapping functions from a variety of existing packages and storing the results in a common S3 class called tidycpt. The package then provides functionality for easily extracting comparable numeric or …

Ecologic Factors Contributing To West Nile Virus Hyperendemicity In Central South Carolina: An Integrated Vector–Human–Environmental Study, Elba S. Fridriksson, Ahayla Muraleedharan, Kyndall C. Dye-Braumuller, Madeleine M. Meyer, Kia Zellars, Hiuxuan Li, Melissa S. Nolan Ph.D., Mph

Faculty Publications

West Nile virus (WNV) is an endemic arboviral infection in the United States that has undergone phyloge-netic evolution since its introduction 25 years ago. An integrated vector–human–pathogen study was conducted in the summer of 2023 to unearth contemporary Culex quinquefasciatus habitat patterns and human transmission spillover foci in South Carolina, a state with historically little WNV data. A serosurvey revealed WNV seroprevalence 10 times the national average (22% versus 2%, respectively), with unusual epidemiologic risk factors. Female Culex quinquefas-ciatus WNV positivity was low (2.7%), with viral phylogenetics 100% homologous to the WN02 clade. Mosquito vectors clustered in affluent urban neighborhoods …

Statistical Guarantees Of Deep Generative Models Involving Diverse Spaces: Generation Consistency And Robustness, Anish Chakrabarty

Doctoral Theses

Generative modeling focuses on the task of producing new data samples that closely resemble those drawn from an original, unknown distribution. Despite being well-known in statistical estimation theory, the approach has gained substantial traction in recent years, driven by groundbreaking results in areas such as image synthesis, natural language generation, and network modeling. The complexity of modern-era data domains and the ensuing adaptations that suitable models must undergo have presented new challenges. These advances raise several fundamental questions, the first of which is: When do generative models accurately approximate the true data distribution? One may also ask: How well do …

Cash Or Crash: Return To Player Percentages And Expected Value Of Crash Games, Robert H. Scott Iii, Mikhail M. Sher, Jonathan Daigle

UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal

Crash games are a new type of casino game offered on some online gambling sites. The first crash game was created by the online cryptocurrency casino Bustabit. Other cryptocurrency casinos started offering their own versions of crash games. Now mainstream online casinos have developed their own crash games—notably Rocket by DraftKings. Crash games are easy to learn and play. They offer the opportunity to increase your bet by many hundreds of multiples—though, as we show when deriving expected values, these outcomes are rare. In this paper, we study the history of crash games and calculate theoretical values of crash game …

On Robust Estimation Of Multivariate Location And Scale With Applications, Soumya Chakraborty

Doctoral Theses

The principal objective of this thesis is, in a nutshell, to provide robust estimators of multivariate location and scale which have reasonable to high model efficiency but avoid high computational complexity so as to be practically useful in real problems. We utilize the minimum density power divergence (DPD) and the related philosophy to invoke robustness. There are some computational issues while minimizing the DPD in different multivariate set-ups. We will work on this problem rigorously and come up with three types of estimation procedures which are explicitly or implicitly related to the minimum DPD methodology, keeping the computational issue in …