Statistics and Probability Commons^™

Effect Of Personal Protective Equipment During Pesticide Application To Neurological Symptoms In Farmers In Purworejo District, Indonesia, Fajaria Nurcandra, Renti Mahkota, Siddharudha Shivalli

Kesmas

Agriculture is one of major sectors of Indonesia economic source with the high volume of pesticide used. Unfortunately, adverse health effect of neurotoxic pesticide has never been reported in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE) during applied pesticides to neurological symptoms in farmers. This study was cross-sectionally conducted from April to May 2016 in Purworejo District. About 125 farmers were selected using purposive sampling, and restriction was applied in male farmers due to the high proportion of male sprayer. Data was collected by observation and interview. Logistic regression showed protective result of PPE used …

Food Hygiene And Sanitation In Six Food Providers At University X, South Sumatra, Yul Isnadi, Tan Malaka, Hatta Dahlan, Novrikasari Novrikasari

Kesmas

Food provider at university is one of places that needs to implement standards of food hygiene and sanitation (FHS). This study aimed to evaluate and analyze practices of FHS based on Regulation of Health Minister No. 1098 of 2003 and best practices in six food providers at University X. This study used mixed method evaluation with sequential explanatory design through two stages. Stage I was in forms of assessment on six food providers, food handlers and laboratory examination on food and beverage samples as well as on eating utensils. Stage II was in form of focus group discussion (FGD) to …

Factors Causing Contraceptive Acceptors Drop Out, Mufdlilah Mufdlilah, Kanthi Aryekti

Kesmas

Family planning program has a very strategic, comprehensive and fundamental meaning in creating a healthy and prosperous Indonesian human being. However, recently the incidence of drop out is quite high for several reasons. This study was conducted to determine the influential factors that cause acceptors to drop out. It is descriptive research. The populations in the study were contraceptive acceptors who dropped out for 3 consecutive months, and not being pregnant. The numbers of sample were 100 people. The data collection employed closed and open questionnaires; data presented in descriptive form. Influential factors of drop out contraceptive acceptors due to …

Implementation Of Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission Of Hiv Program In South Jakarta, Fase Badriah, Minsarnawati Tahangnacca, Raihana Alkaff, Takeru Abe, Laily Hanifah

Kesmas

Even though Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) program has been running in Indonesia since 2006, the proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women remains high in some districts in Indonesia. The PMTCT program aims to reduce transmission of HIV from mother to child. Thus it requires an examination of the PMTCT program implementation. The study was a qualitative study on PMTCT program implementation in South Jakarta, Indonesia, whereas the proportion of children with HIV positive in the area was quite high. The analysis used domain analysis by looking the implementation of PMTCT as a system consisting of …

The Influence Of Exclusive Breastfeeding To Emotional Development Of Children Aged 48-60 Months, Yuni Kusmiyati, Sumarah Sumarah, Nurul Dwiawati, Hesty Widyasih, Yani Widyastuti, Khadizah Haji Abdul Mumin

Kesmas

Impaired emotional development is a problem faced by children and this can negatively impact on function, development and readiness of their school. Exclusive breastfeeding is able to meet brain development needs that affect child development. This study aimed to determine correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and emotional development of children aged 48-60 months. This study used historical cohort.The subjects of this study were 7-12-month old infants living in area of Borobudur Primary Health Care Primary Health Care, Central Java Province, Indonesia in 2011-2012. Independent variable of exclusive breastfeeding was when infants received only breast milk without any supplementary food or drink …

Larvicidal Effect Of Mixture Of Beauveria Bassiana Crude Metabolite And Chitinase Enzyme Against Aedes Aegypti Larvae, Dyah Widiastuti, Bina Ikawati, Upik Kesumawati Hadi

Kesmas

Aedes aegypti is a major vector of dengue, a deadly disease causing deaths of millions of people in developing countries, both in urban and rural populations. Aedes aegypti control with chemical insecticide is widely used, and affects on a widespread insecticide resistance. Mosquito biological control was needed to replace the use of chemical insecticide. This study aimed to evaluate larvicidal effect of mixture of Beauveria bassiana crude metabolite and chitinase enzyme against Aedes aegypti larvae. An experimental study using completely Randomized Design was conducted in March-April 2016 at Banjarnegara Research and Development Unit for Zoonosis Control. Biolarvacide formula was made …

Perceived Stigma In People Affected By Leprosy In Leprosy Village Of Sinatala, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia, Erni Astutik, Dwi Gayatri

Kesmas

Leprosy is a disease of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) which becomes a global problem and causes the perceived stigma in people affected by leprosy. This study aimed to determine most dominant factors affecting perceived stigma in people affected by leprosy in leprosy village of Sitanala, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia. The data used was secondary data taken from cross-sectional survey of a thesis which determined factors related to perceived stigma of leprosy in leprosy village of Sitanala, Tangerang, Indonesia. Samples were selected by purposive sampling. The results of the study showed that factors related to perceived stigma were level of …

Variations In Institutional Review Board Processes And Consent Requirements For Trauma Research: An East Multicenter Survey, Jeffry Nahmias, Areg Grigorian, Scott Brakenridge, Randeep S. Jawa, Daniel N. Holena, John Varujan Agapian, Brandon Bruns, Paul J. Chestovich, Bruce Chung, Jonathan Nguyen, Carl I. Schulman, Kristan Staudenmayer, Rachel Dixon, Jason W. Smith, Andrew C. Bernard, Jose L. Pascual

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Oversight of human subject research has evolved considerably since its inception. However, previous studies identified a lack of consistency of institutional review board (IRB) determination for the type of review required and whether informed consent is necessary, especially for prospective observational studies, which pose minimal risk of harm. We hypothesized that there is significant inter-institution variation in IRB requirements for the type of review and necessity of informed consent, especially for prospective observational trials without blood/tissue utilization. We also sought to describe investigators’ and IRB members’ attitudes toward the type of review and need for consent. Eastern Association for the …

Statistical Analysis And Modeling Of Cyber Security And Health Sciences, Nawa Raj Pokhrel

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Being in the era of information technology, importance and applicability of analytical statistical model an interdisciplinary setting in the modern statistics have increased significantly. Conceptually understanding the vulnerabilities in statistical perspective helps to develop the set of modern statistical models and bridges the gap between cybersecurity and abstract statistical /mathematical knowledge. In this dissertation, our primary goal is to develop series of the strong statistical model in software vulnerability in conjunction with Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) framework. In nutshell, the overall research lies at the intersection of statistical modeling, cybersecurity, and data mining. Furthermore, we generalize the model of …

Determining The Relationship Between Aging And Oxidative Stress In A Drosophila Melanogaster P38 Kb Framework, Aleksandra J. Majewski

Theses and Dissertations

Aging is inevitable for all organisms and can be characterized by degeneration of tissue, adecrease in motor function, and impaired stress response. In humans, it is often accompanied by an increased propensity for age related diseases. While all adults experience biological aging (senescence) not all adults experience age-associated disease. Thus, we claim these are not normal prospects of aging. Although the implications of aging are well understood, the molecular underpinnings for these processes remain elusive. As advances in medical science have been successful at prolonging lifespan, they concurrently extend the amount of time spend in diseased states. If we wish …

Combinatorial Proofs Of Identities Of Alzer And Prodinger And Some Generalizations, John Engbers, Christopher Stocker

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

We provide combinatorial proofs of identities published by Alzer and Prodinger. These identities include that for integers b, n, and r with b ≥ 1 and n − 1 ≥ r ≥ 0 we have

and for integers b, n, and r with b ≥ 0 and n − 1 ≥ r ≥ 0 we have

Our combinatorial proofs generalize squares to sth powers, and involve generalized Eulerian numbers and generalized Delannoy numbers.

Dynamic Statistical Models For Pyroclastic Density Current Generation At Soufrière Hills Volcano, Robert L. Wolpert, Elaine T. Spiller, Eliza S. Calder

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

To mitigate volcanic hazards from pyroclastic density currents, volcanologists generate hazard maps that provide long-term forecasts of areas of potential impact. Several recent efforts in the field develop new statistical methods for application of flow models to generate fully probabilistic hazard maps that both account for, and quantify, uncertainty. However, a limitation to the use of most statistical hazard models, and a key source of uncertainty within them, is the time-averaged nature of the datasets by which the volcanic activity is statistically characterized. Where the level, or directionality, of volcanic activity frequently changes, e.g., during protracted eruptive episodes, or at …

Risk Assessment Of Dropped Cylindrical Objects In Offshore Operations, Adelina Steven

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

Dropped object are defined as any object that fall under its own weight from a previously static position or fell due to an applied force from equipment or a moving object. It is among the top ten causes of injuries and fatality in oil and gas industry. To solve this problem, several in-house tools and guidelines is developed over time to assess the risk of dropped objects on the sub-sea structures. This thesis focuses on compiling and comparing those methods in hope to improve the recommended practices available in the market. A simple modification is done on the in-house tools …

Bayesian Classification Methods For Bat Call Identification, Zhongmao Liu

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Bat call classification is widely used in bat population monitoring in the field of ecology. Since bat populations are susceptible to changes in their surroundings, it is essential to monitor bat populations for purposes of bat protection and bio-environment protection. The purpose of this thesis is to compare the performance of several classification methods applied to a data set extracted from audio recordings for different species of bats in Mexico. The methods under comparison are (i) a nonparametric Bayesian approach using a multinomial probit model with Gaussian process prior; (ii) support vector machines (SVM); (iii) naive Bayes; and (iv) Bayesian …

Consistent Saliency Benchmarking: How One Model Can Win On All Metrics, Matthias Kümmerer, Thomas S.A. Wallis, Matthias Bethge

MODVIS Workshop

No abstract provided.

Impacts Of Simultaneous Multislice Acquisition On Sensitivity And Specificity In Fmri, Benjamin B. Risk, Mary C. Kociuba, Daniel B. Rowe

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Simultaneous multislice (SMS) imaging can be used to decrease the time between acquisition of fMRI volumes, which can increase sensitivity by facilitating the removal of higher-frequency artifacts and boosting effective sample size. The technique requires an additional processing step in which the slices are separated, or unaliased, to recover the whole brain volume. However, this may result in signal “leakage” between aliased locations, i.e., slice “leakage,” and lead to spurious activation (decreased specificity). SMS can also lead to noise amplification, which can reduce the benefits of decreased repetition time. In this study, we evaluate the original slice-GRAPPA (no leak block) …

Bi-Directional Testing For Change Point Detection In Poisson Processes, Moinak Bhaduri

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Point processes often serve as a natural language to chronicle an event's temporal evolution, and significant changes in the flow, synonymous with non-stationarity, are usually triggered by assignable and frequently preventable causes, often heralding devastating ramifications. Examples include amplified restlessness of a volcano, increased frequencies of airplane crashes, hurricanes, mining mishaps, among others. Guessing these time points of changes, therefore, merits utmost care. Switching the way time traditionally propagates, we posit a new genre of bidirectional tests which, despite a frugal construct, prove to be exceedingly efficient in culling out non-stationarity under a wide spectrum of environments. A journey surveying …

Fundamental Tradeoffs In Estimation Of Finite-State Hidden Markov Models, Justin Le

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) constitute a broad and flexible class of statistical models that are widely used in studying processes that evolve over time and are only observable through the collection of noisy data. Two problems are essential to the use of HMMs: state estimation and parameter estimation. In state estimation, an algorithm estimates the sequence of states of the process that most likely generated a certain sequence of observations in the data. In parameter estimation, an algorithm computes the probability distributions that govern the time-evolution of states and the sampling of data. Although algorithms for the two problems are …

Prostate Cancer Survival Among Hispanics: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, And End Results (Seer) Population-Based Cohort Study, David Rivas

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Hispanics are now the youngest, largest, and fastest growing minority group in the U.S. Prostate cancer (PC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and is the second-leading cause of cancer deaths among Hispanics. For the first time, we examined PC-specific survival among distinct Hispanic groups that include Mexicans, Cubans, Dominicans, Puerto Ricans, as well as Central and South Americans. We compared these groups to the main reference population in the U.S., non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), after adjustment for prognostic factor risk categories (prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, Gleason score, and tumor stage), as well as sociodemographic covariates (e.g., health insurance, …

Using Computational Bayesian Statistics To Analyze Parameters In A Differential Equation Model, Jacob Menix

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The purpose of this project is to use Bayesian statistics to analyze values of parameters for a previously developed system of differential equations which describes the healing process of diabetic foot ulcers. The model describes the relationships between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), their inhibitors (TIMPs), and extracellular matrix (ECM). A Bayesian approach is used when the availability of data is sparse, as it is in this case. Delayed Rejection Adaptive Metropolis (DRAM), a MATLAB implementation of a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, is used to estimate parameters. This approach with the individual patient data allows us to estimate and compare parameters and their pairwise …

Designing A Calibration Set In Spectral Space For Efficient Development Of An Nir Method For Tablet Analysis, Md Anik Alam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Designing a calibration set is the first step in developing a spectroscopic calibration method for quantitative analysis of pharmaceutical tablets. This step is critical because successful model development depends on the suitability of the calibration data. For spectroscopic-based methods, traditional concentration based techniques for designing calibration sets are prone to have redundant information while simultaneously lacking necessary information for a successful calibration model. The traditional method also follows the same design approach for different spectroscopic techniques and different formulations, thereby lacks the optimizing capability to be technique and formulation specific.

A method for designing a calibration set in the Near …

Re-Evaluating Performance Measurement: New Mathematical Methods To Address Common Performance Measurement Challenges, Jordan David Benis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Performance Measurement is an essential discipline for any business. Robust and reliable performance metrics for people, processes, and technologies enable a business to identify and address deficiencies to improve performance and profitability. The complexity of modern operating environments presents real challenges to developing equitable and accurate performance metrics. This thesis explores and develops two new methods to address common challenges encountered in businesses across the world. The first method addresses the challenge of estimating the relative complexity of various tasks by utilizing the Pearson Correlation Coefficient to identify potentially over weighted and under weighted tasks. The second method addresses the …

Low-Fat Abiraterone Food Effect Is Of Little Consequence, Jill M. Kolesar, Glenn X. Liu

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Fast Identification Of Components Commonly Used In Homemade Explosives By Spectroscopic And Chemometric Methods, Deidre Day Vandenbos, Huggins Msimanga, Christopher Dockery

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

Homemade explosives (HMEs) have become a global pandemic. This forensic research focuses on developing identification methods that can provide quick, cost effective, non-destructive analysis using portable instrumentation. These capabilities would be invaluable to first responders, military, and security officials to establish an evidentiary link between a suspect and a reference in cases of HMEs, IEDs, arson and environmental contamination.

Modern methods for quick identification of the fuels and oxidant sources used in manufacturing HMEs, include Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Visual confirmation alone, however, is not strong enough to discriminate chemicals with nearly identical spectra, which occurs when …

Discrete Ranked Set Sampling, Heng Cui

Statistical Science Theses and Dissertations

Ranked set sampling (RSS) is an efficient data collection framework compared to simple random sampling (SRS). It is widely used in various application areas such as agriculture, environment, sociology, and medicine, especially in situations where measurement is expensive but ranking is less costly. Most past research in RSS focused on situations where the underlying distribution is continuous. However, it is not unusual to have a discrete data generation mechanism. Estimating statistical functionals are challenging as ties may truly exist in discrete RSS. In this thesis, we started with estimating the cumulative distribution function (CDF) in discrete RSS. We proposed two …

Pooling Of Variances: The Skeleton In The Mixed Model Closet?, Philip M. Dixon

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture and Natural Resources

I explore three related issues concerning pooling of error variances: when is it appropriate (or not) to pool, how best to evaluate equality of variances, and whether there is a cost to never pooling. I focus on pooling decisions in a combined analysis of a multi-site experiment. A-priori, sites should have different error variances. My primary question is whether an analysis that ignores unequal variances is wrong.

I find that ignoring heteroscedasticity between sites maintains, or provides slightly conservative, tests of average treatment effects and treatment-by-site interactions. Models with site-specific variances do provide more powerful tests when variances are different. …

Data On The Risk Perceptions Of Beach Water Safety In Coastal Georgia, Jeffery A. Jones, Asli Aslan, Rakhi Trivedi, Maria I. Olivas, Mikayla Hoffmann

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

These data reflect the perceptions of beach water quality drawn from a convenience sample of 238 visitors to Georgia (USA) beaches collected in June–July 2017 and are related to the research article entitled “Water quality and the perception of risk: a study of Georgia, USA, beachgoers” (Jones et al., 2018) [1]. Data were collected both via an online survey distributed through Facebook and through in-person questionnaires collected directly on the beaches.

Golden Arm: A Probabilistic Study Of Dice Control In Craps, Donald R. Smith, Robert Scott Iii

UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal

This paper calculates how much control a craps shooter must possess on dice outcomes to eliminate the house advantage. A golden arm is someone who has dice control (or a rhythm roller or dice influencer). There are various strategies for dice control in craps. We discuss several possibilities of dice control that would result in several different mathematical models of control. We do not assert whether dice control is possible or not (there is a lack of published evidence). However, after studying casino-legal methods described by dice-control advocates, we can see only one realistic mathematical model that describes the resulting …

Statistical Modeling Of Financial Time Series, Ranju Karki

Student Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents a comprehensive report of my research in financial time series analysis from Fall 2017 to Spring 2018. It is focused on two main topics: clustering and modeling of financial time dependent information. The weighted five-day moving arc length is used as a measure of volatility, and we applied self-organizing maps to cluster the subject information. We perform a clustering procedure of financial time dependent information using several lag values, and Apple Incorporation and Google as the leading stocks. As a result, we discovered that there are others financial time dependent information present in the same cluster with …

Evaluating Preexisting Qualitative Research Data For Secondary Analysis, Victoria Sherif

Educational Leadership Studies Faculty Publications

In this article, I explore the nature of secondary analysis and provide a brief history of the method. Qualitative secondary analysis is a relatively under-used method in education and the social sciences, often due to the lack of easily accessible, relevant, trustworthy, and complete data. I address some of the potentials and limitations that influence its use and explore criteria for assessing the quality and sufficiency of preexisting qualitative research data. Qualitative secondary analysis has important implications for qualitative researchers, students and practitioners interested in generating new knowledge via unobtrusive, reliable, valid, and time/cost effective research through the wider use …