Statistics and Probability Commons^™

A Comparison Between Unbiased Ridge And Least Squares Regression Methods Using Simulation Technique, Mowafaq M. Al-Kassab, Omar Q. Qwaider

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The parameters of the multiple linear regression are estimated using least squares ( B̂_LS ) and unbiased ridge regression methods (B̂(KI,J)). Data was created for fourteen independent variables with four different values of correlation between these variables using Monte Carlo techniques. The above methods were compared using the mean squares error criterion. Results show that the unbiased ridge method is preferable to the least squares method.

A General Class Of Chain-Type Estimators In The Presence Of Non-Response Under Double Sampling Scheme, Sunil Kumar, Housila P. Singh, Sandeep Bhougal

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

General class chain ratio type estimators for estimating the population mean of a study variable are examined in the presence of non-response under a double sampling scheme using a factor-type estimator (FTE). Properties of the suggested estimators are studied and compared to those of existing estimators. An empirical study is carried out to demonstrate the performance of the suggested estimators; empirical results support the theoretical study.

On Scientific Research: The Role Of Statistical Modeling And Hypothesis Testing, Lisa L. Harlow

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Comments on Rodgers (2010a, 2010b) and Robinson and Levin (2010) are presented. Rodgers (2010a) initially reported on a growing trend towards more mathematical and statistical modeling; and a move away from null hypothesis significance testing (NHST). He defended and clarified those views in his sequel. Robinson and Levin argued against the perspective espoused by Rodgers and called for more research using experimentally manipulated interventions and less emphasis on correlational research and ill-founded prescriptive statements. In this response, the goal of science and major scientific approaches are discussed as well as their strengths and shortcomings. Consideration is given to how their …

Nonlinear Trigonometric Transformation Time Series Modeling, K. A. Bashiru, O. E. Olowofeso, S. A. Owabumoye

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The nonlinear trigonometric transformation and augmented nonlinear trigonometric transformation with a polynomial of order two was examined. The two models were tested and compared using daily mean temperatures for 6 major towns in Nigeria with different rates of missing values. The results were used to determine the consistency and efficiency of the models formulated.

Developing A Library Value Indicator For A Disciplinary Population, Jeanne M. Brown

Library Faculty Presentations

Population
- Landscape architecture studio of ten 5th year students
- Use of physical library ranges from 1- 30 times/month
- Use of virtual library ranges from 2-30x/month
- Compared to others in School of Architecture use is moderate
- They self-rate as average or above average on library skills, compared to their peers

The Statistical Properties Of The Survivor Interaction Contrast, Joseph W. Houpt, James T. Townsend

Psychology Faculty Publications

The Survivor Interaction Contrast (SIC) is a powerful tool for assessing the architecture and stopping rule of a model of mental processes. Despite its demonstrated utility, the methodology has lacked a method for statistical testing until now. In this paper we briefly describe the SIC then develop some basic statistical properties of the measure. These developments lead to a statistical test for rejecting certain classes of models based on the SIC. We verify these tests using simulated data, then demonstrate their use on data from a simple cognitive task.

Missing Pieces: A New Report To Congress Details Biases And Gaps In Economic Statistics Resulting From Globalization, Susan N. Houseman

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Journal Usage By Subject For Fiscal Year 2010, Michael A. Cerbo Ii

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Journal holdings for the University Libraries are listed alphabetically by subject than authority title. Usage statistics for the fiscal year are included along with a cost per use where available. The information is taken from each vendor and incorporated in Serials Solutions 360 Counter.

Net Impact Evaluation Of Moving Men And Women To Economic Independence In Michigan, Within Reach Program: Year 1 And Year 2 Cohorts, Randall W. Eberts, Jason M. Preuss

Presentations

The authors completed a net impact evaluation of the “Within Reach” component of the Goodwill Industries of Greater Detroit program (Moving Men and Women to Economic Independence). This program provided employment-related support services to disadvantaged adults as coordinated by WorkFirst. The net impact evaluation estimated the contribution of the program to the employment outcomes of the participants. It constructed comparison groups of individuals who were similar to the program participants, but who did not participate in the program. The net impact analysis focused on three employment-related outcomes: finding a job, retaining a job (workforce attachment), and earnings.

Veterans Of The 1st Persian Gulf War: A Study Of Medically Unexplained Symptom Models, Alexis H. Collins

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In 1990-1991, shortly after the Persian Gulf War, a number of veterans began complaining about a wide range of symptoms, the most common of which were; fatigue, headache, sleep disturbance, low mood, and memory loss. These symptoms were similar to those experienced by individuals with Medically Unexplained Illnesses such as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Fibromyalgia, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Multiple Chemical Sensitivity, and Somatoform Disorders. Utilizing structural equation modeling and data gathered from the Gulf War Veterans Health Questionnaire, this study attempted to determine whether symptoms experienced by veterans were best explained as individual items, discrete illnesses, or as a conglomeration of …

The Use Of The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Ii (Mmpi-2) In Pre-Employment Evaluations, Ana M. Gamez

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Psychological testing is an important facet in the selection and hiring processes of law enforcement and public safety personnel. Research in this area suggests that the MMPI-2 scales have been correlated with problematic behavior among police officers, poor job performance, and officer misconduct. This study examined the extent to which suitability for hire could be predicted by the MMPI-2 scale L (Lie), scale K (correction), Infrequency scale (F), scale 4 Psychopathic Deviate (Pd), scale 6 Paranoia (Pa), scale 7 Psychasthenia (Pt), and scale 9 Hypomania (Ma). It examined whether profile differences emerged as a function of suitability across gender, between …

Comparison Of Non-Surgical And Surgical Endodontic Retreatment: A Systematic Review, Robert Corr

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Primary root canal therapy has been shown to be a predictable procedure with a high degree of success ^1-4, however failures can occur after treatment. Treatment options for the preservation of teeth that have had previous endodontic treatment but demonstrate persistent disease include non-surgical (orthograde) or surgical (retrograde) endodontic retreatment, assuming the tooth is restorable, periodontally sound, and the patient desires to retain the tooth. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the current available evidence to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of nonsurgical with those of surgical endodontic retreatment. Methodology began with …

Psychological Profiles In A Female Bariatric Surgery Sample, Aimee L. Donato

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Morbid obesity is an epidemic. Current literature suggests that people with morbid obesity tend to show increased levels of psychological dysfunction. This is especially pertinent to the clinicians who work with morbidly obese patients who seek bariatric surgery as the method for weight control. Surgery should be performed on patients who are psychologically ready to adjust to the stringent post-operative lifestyle.

The purpose of the present study was (1) to compare two groups of bariatric patients (a White group and a non-White group) on pre-surgery measures: specific scales on the Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic (MBMD), the Beck Depression Inventory II …

The Relationship Between The Level Of Support Group Participation And Psychosocial Factors In Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Proton Therapy, Carol A. L. Davis

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background. The role of support groups for cancer patients is known to be beneficial in helping people adjust to the disease, and cope with the myriad of effects that cancer has on quality of life. Although many people express interest in attending such support groups, few attend regularly. It is unclear what characteristics distinguish those who use such services from those who do not, especially among proton therapy patients.

Objective. To examine demographic and psychosocial characteristics associated with the Brotherhood of the Balloon (BOB) prostate cancer support group membership, a unique treatment-focused group originating at Loma Linda University Medical Center …

The Role Of Rater Motivation In Personnel Selection Validation Studies, Dan Ispas

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Personnel selection validation studies are routinely conducted in contemporary organizations for selecting and placing employees. Although numerous studies have been conducted with the goal of identifying new predictors, less research was focused on the criterion side. In the current paper, across three studies and five samples, I examined the role played by rater motivation in validation studies. I proposed that rater motivation would impact criterion-related validity of various predictors, the reliability, and the variance of performance ratings. In Study 1, these hypotheses were tested in two samples with varied operationalizations of predictors and of rater motivation. In Study 2, I …

Data Mining As Applied To The Socialsciences, Walter Morris

Cornerstone 3 Reports : Interdisciplinary Informatics

No abstract provided.

Nonparametric Testing For Asymmetric Information, Liangjun Su, Martin Spindler

Research Collection School Of Economics

Asymmetric information is an important phenomenon in many markets and in particular in insurance markets. Testing for asymmetric information has become a very important issue in the literature in the last two decades. Almost all testing procedures that are used in empirical studies are parametric, which may yield misleading conclusions in the case of misspecification of either functional or distributional relationships among the variables of interest. Motivated by the literature on testing conditional independence, we propose a new nonparametric test for asymmetric information which is applicable in a variety of situations. We demonstrate the test works reasonably well through Monte …

Improving The Teaching Of Econometrics At Pace University Using Stata, Gregory Colman

Cornerstone 3 Reports : Interdisciplinary Informatics

The goal of this grant was to improve the teaching of econometrics at Pace using the computer program, Stata, the most widely-used econometrics software among applied economists.

Derivation Of Mass Independent Quantum Treatment Of Phenomenon, David Parker

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The derivation and applications is presented of a spatial variable or spatial radius which is related to the inertia or mass-energy of any quantum body by a Lorentz invariant relation. Mass independent DeBroglie and Schroedinger equations are derived and applied to the resolution of the linguistic incompatibility between quantum theory and the geometrical weak equivalence principle. The equivalence principle is restated in terms of the spatial radius. The gravitational attraction between bodies and the relativistic energy are both presented in terms of the spatial radius follows. The ratio of the gravitational force to the Coulomb force at the Planck scale …

Ranked Set Sampling Using Auxiliary Variables Of A Randomized Response Procedure For Estimating The Mean Of A Sensitive Quantitative Character, Carlos N. Bouza

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The analysis of the behavior of estimators of the mean of a sensitive variable is considered when a randomized response procedure is used. The results deal with the inference based on simple random sampling with replacement study design. A study of the behavior of the procedures for a ranked set sampling design is developed. A gain in accuracy is generally associated with the proposed alternative model.

An Equivalence Test Based On N And P, Markus Neuhäeuser

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

An equivalence test is proposed which is based on the P-value of a test for a difference and the sample size. This test may be especially appropriate for an exploratory re-analysis if only a non-significant test for a difference was reported. Thus, neither a confidence interval is available, nor is there access to the raw data. The test is illustrated using two examples; for both applications the smallest equivalence range for which equivalence could be demonstrated is calculated.

The Effectiveness Of Stepwise Discriminant Analysis As A Post Hoc Procedure To A Significant Manova, Erik L. Heiny, Daniel J. Mundform

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The effectiveness of SWDA as a post hoc procedure in a two-way MANOVA was examined using various numbers of dependent variables, sample sizes, effect sizes, correlation structures, and significance levels. The procedure did not work well in general except with small numbers of variables, larger samples and low correlations between variables.

Model Based Vs. Model Independent Tests For Cross-Correlation, H.E.T. Holgersson, Peter S. Karlsson

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This article discusses the issue of whether cross correlation should be tested by model dependent or model independent methods. Several different tests are proposed and their main properties are investigated analytically and with simulations. It is argued that model independent tests should be used in applied work.

On Exact 100(1-Α)% Confidence Interval Of Autocorrelation Coefficient In Multivariate Data When The Errors Are Autocorrelated, Madhusudan Bhandary

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

An exact 100(1−α)% confidence interval for the autocorrelation coefficient ρ is derived based on a single multinormal sample. The confidence interval is the interval between the two roots of a quadratic equation in ρ . A real life example is also presented.

The Performance Of Multiple Imputation For Likert-Type Items With Missing Data, Walter Leite, S. Natasha Beretvas

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The performance of multiple imputation (MI) for missing data in Likert-type items assuming multivariate normality was assessed using simulation methods. MI was robust to violations of continuity and normality. With 30% of missing data, MAR conditions resulted in negatively biased correlations. With 50% missingness, all results were negatively biased.

Median-Unbiased Optimal Smoothing And Trend Extraction, Dimitrios D. Thomakos

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The problem of smoothing a time series for extracting its low frequency characteristics, collectively called its trend, is considered. A competitive approach is proposed and compared with existing methods in choosing the optimal degree of smoothing based on the distribution of the residuals from the smooth trend.

On A Comparison Between Two Measures Of Spatial Association, Faisal G. Khamis, Abdul Aziz Jemain, Kamarulzaman Ibrahim

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Two measures of spatial association between two variables were used by many researchers. These are the Wartenberg (1985) and Lee (2001) measures. Based on simulation for lattice data, the sensitivity of both measures was studied and compared with different choices of spatial structures, spatial weights and sample sizes using bias and mean square error. Different scenarios are used in terms of assumed numbers and sample sizes. Moran’s I is used to examine the spatial autocorrelation of such a variable with itself. Both the Wartenberg and Lee measures are found to be sensitive, however, Wartenberg’s measure is found to be somewhat …

An Evaluation Of Multiple Imputation For Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling, Carolyn F. Furlow, S. Natasha Beretvas

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A simulation study was used to evaluate multiple imputation (MI) to handle MCAR correlations in the first step of meta-analytic structural equation modeling: the synthesis of the correlation matrix and the test of homogeneity. No substantial parameter bias resulted from using MI. Although some SE bias was found for meta-analyses involving smaller numbers of studies, the homogeneity test was never rejected when using MI.

Impact Of Measurement Model Modification On Structural Parameter Integrity When Measurement Model Is Misspecified, Weihua Fan

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

In the process of model modification, parameters of residual covariances are often treated as free parameters to improve model fit. However, the effect of such measurement model modifications on the important structural parameter estimates under various measurement model misspecifications has not been systematically studied. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to compare structural estimates before and after measurement model modifications of adding residual covariances under varying sample sizes and model misspecifications. Results showed that researchers should pay attention when such measurement model modifications are made to initially misspecified model with missing path(s).

Can Specification Searches Be Useful For Hypothesis Generation?, Samuel B. Green, Marilyn S. Thompson

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Previous studies suggest that results from specification searches, as typically employed in structural equation modeling, should not be used to reach strong research conclusions due to their poor reliability. Analyses of computer generated data indicate that search results can be sufficiently reliable for exploratory purposes with properly designed and analyzed studies.