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Biological and Chemical Physics Commons™

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2017

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Articles 31 - 39 of 39

Full-Text Articles in Biological and Chemical Physics

Characterization Of The Atcc Α-Tc1-6 Pancreatic Alpha Cell Line To Study Glucagon Secretion, Larissa M. Ikenouye Jan 2017

Characterization Of The Atcc Α-Tc1-6 Pancreatic Alpha Cell Line To Study Glucagon Secretion, Larissa M. Ikenouye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The endocrine pancreas is responsible for maintaining glycemic equilibrium in the body. Given the importance of this blood-glucose homeostasis and the implication an unbalance has on Diabetes mellitus, the study of the glucose-sensing alpha and beta cells in the pancreas is a popular field for scientific researchers. In this study, we use immunofluorescence, qPCR analysis, intracellular calcium experiments, and biochemical glucagon secretion assays to determine if the commercially available tumor cell line clone, α-TC1-6 obtained from American Type Culture Collection, is an appropriate model system for glucagon secretion in pancreatic alpha cells. We confirm the production of the hormone peptide …

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Study Of Nano-Bio Interfaces In Nano-Bio Conjugates: Nanoparticles Of Zinc Oxide (Zno) And Biomolecules Of Glucose, Cytosine, And Thymine, Bithi Paul Jan 2017

Study Of Nano-Bio Interfaces In Nano-Bio Conjugates: Nanoparticles Of Zinc Oxide (Zno) And Biomolecules Of Glucose, Cytosine, And Thymine, Bithi Paul

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Nano conjugates, composites of inorganic nanomaterials and bio molecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins, establish a sequence of wide varieties of nano-bio boundaries. The formation of these boundaries strongly depends on bio physicochemical reaction of biomolecules coated on the surface of nanomaterials. I am investigating various nano-bio conjugates consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with simple biomolecules including glucose and the nitrogenous bases of DNA such as cytosine and thymine. All nano-bio conjugates were fabricated using a standard bio-chemical synthesis process. Structural, physical, bio-chemical interface properties of nano-bio composites were probed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence …

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Including Wrist Flexion In The Human Arm Model Changes Everything!, William B. Laing Iii, Austin Johnson, Albert D. Gonzalez, Chris S. Hansen Jan 2017

Including Wrist Flexion In The Human Arm Model Changes Everything!, William B. Laing Iii, Austin Johnson, Albert D. Gonzalez, Chris S. Hansen

Faculty Works

Does your introductory physics laboratory experiment that analyzes the human arm as a lever assume an inflexible wrist? If so, the analysis of the biceps force required to perform a biceps curl will lead to results that contradict experience: one does not expect the required biceps force to decrease as the mass is raised. We will show that allowing for wrist flexion leads to agreement with empirical data: that the required force does increase as the mass is raised if the wrist angle is allowed to be optimal.

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Micro-Spectroscopy Of Bio-Assemblies At The Single Cell Level, Jeslin Kera Jan 2017

Micro-Spectroscopy Of Bio-Assemblies At The Single Cell Level, Jeslin Kera

Honors Undergraduate Theses

In this thesis, we investigate biological molecules on a micron scale in the ultraviolet spectral region through the non-destructive confocal absorption microscopy. The setup involves a combination of confocal microscope with a UV light excitation beam to measure the optical absorption spectra with spatial resolution of 1.4 μm in the lateral and 3.6 μm in the axial direction. Confocal absorption microscopy has the benefits of requiring no labels and only low light intensity for excitation while providing a strong signal from the contrast generated by the attenuation of propagating light due to absorption. This enables spatially resolved measurements of single …

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Nanopore Thermodynamics Via Infrared Laser Heating, Christopher Angevine Jan 2017

Nanopore Thermodynamics Via Infrared Laser Heating, Christopher Angevine

Theses and Dissertations

Single molecule nanopore spectroscopy is a label-free method for characterizing a wide variety of water-soluble molecules. Recently there have been efforts to expand nanopore sensing to new areas of study. Forensic investigators require an easy to deploy method to identify an unknown number of contributors in a solution. Currently there is no easily available method to distinguish between a single or multiple contributor solution of DNA before being processed by more advanced analytical techniques which has led to wasted time and resources increasing the backlog of samples waiting to be processed. In this work we present a new nanopore technique …

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Design And Activation Of Frequency Tunable 200ghz Gyrotron, Natalie Golota, Faith Scott, Edward Saliba, Brice Albert, Alexander Barnes Jan 2017

Design And Activation Of Frequency Tunable 200ghz Gyrotron, Natalie Golota, Faith Scott, Edward Saliba, Brice Albert, Alexander Barnes

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) when combined with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) yields high sensitivity spectra while decreasing sample acquisition time. DNP transfers polarization from electron to nuclear spins, giving a strong enhancement of NMR signal. DNP is rapidly developing area of research due in part to application of cyclotron resonance masers (gyrotron) as high power microwave sources. Gyrotrons provide a high-power, high-frequency microwave source that can be used in close proximity to high field NMR magnets. Gyrotrons are operated under strong vacuum and within a cryogenic superconducting magnetic. Gyrotron microwave power is generated by a magnetron injection gun (MIG) composed …

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Rules And Mechanisms For Efficient Two-Stage Learning In Neural Circuits, Tiberiu Teşileanu, Bence Ölveczky, Vijay Balasubramanian Jan 2017

Rules And Mechanisms For Efficient Two-Stage Learning In Neural Circuits, Tiberiu Teşileanu, Bence Ölveczky, Vijay Balasubramanian

Publications and Research

Trial-and-error learning requires evaluating variable actions and reinforcing successful variants. In songbirds, vocal exploration is induced by LMAN, the output of a basal ganglia-related circuit that also contributes a corrective bias to the vocal output. This bias is gradually consolidated in RA, a motor cortex analogue downstream of LMAN. We develop a new model of such two-stage learning. Using stochastic gradient descent, we derive how the activity in ‘tutor’ circuits (e.g., LMAN) should match plasticity mechanisms in ‘student’ circuits (e.g., RA) to achieve efficient learning. We further describe a reinforcement learning framework through which the tutor can build its teaching …

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Quantitative Analysis And Process Of High Speed Live Cell Interferometry Measurements, Daniel Guest Jan 2017

Quantitative Analysis And Process Of High Speed Live Cell Interferometry Measurements, Daniel Guest

Theses and Dissertations

The application of auto focus, using an optical beam deflection technique, to existing live cell interferometry measurements was developed and examined. The benefit to relevant experiments, currently being performed, is shown as well as its performance across various magnifications. Enough information is given so that the system can be reproduced to fit any end users needs.

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Application Of The Fisher Dimer Model To Dna Condensation, John C. Baker Iii Jan 2017

Application Of The Fisher Dimer Model To Dna Condensation, John C. Baker Iii

Theses and Dissertations

This paper considers the statistical mechanics occupation of the edge of a single helix of DNA by simple polymers. Using Fisher's exact closed form solution for dimers on a two-dimensional lattice, a one-dimensional lattice is created mathematically that is occupied by dimers, monomers, and holes. The free energy, entropy, average occupation, and total charge on the lattice are found through the usual statistical methods. The results demonstrate the charge inversion required for a DNA helix to undergo DNA condensation.

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