Physics Commons^™

An Investigation Of The Acceleration Of Neutrons, Charles Edward Byvik

Masters Theses

"The acceleration of neutrons via their magnetic dipole moment in an axially symmetric magnetic field is considered. Conditions for bunching are derived and expressions for the off-axis forces are developed. It was found that neutrons off axis are forced back onto the axis and that neutrons slightly depolarized remain in their initial state. A calculation of the acceleration is made using the field of a current loop and the conclusion is that under present laboratory capabilities a neutron accelerator is not feasible"--Abstract, page ii.

The Construction And Analysis Of An Amplifier For Ultrasonic Research, Jerry John Koelling

Masters Theses

“An amplifier to be used for ultrasonic pulse methods was constructed and tested. The frequency range lies between 100 cycles per second and 2 mega-cycles per second and, if tuned circuit plug-in units are used, may be increased to approximately 4 mega-cycles per second. Special demands upon the amplifier are discussed along with basic acoustic attenuation measurements in solid state physics”--Abstract, page ii.

Spin Relaxation Of Optically Pumped Rubidium., Kenneth Brian Steinbruegge

Masters Theses

"This Thesis is intended to be a self-contained guide to the theory and experimental procedures of optical pumping in one of its most usual applications. A particular study is made of optical pumping of rubidium vapor and results are given stating the most efficient temperature range in which to produce large populations of optically oriented rubidium atoms. The thermal relaxation time for optically orientated rubidium for a particular system is given and the effect of trapped resonance radiation is considered in the interpretation of the experimentally obtained curves"--Abstract, p. ii

The Measurement Of The Life-Time Of The 62P3/2 State Of Thallium, Danny Hale Sokolowski

Masters Theses

The measurement of the lifetime of the metastable 6²P_3/2 state of thallium is discussed. Time-sampling equipment techniques and instantaneous methods of display on an oscilloscope for measuring the lifetime are explained. The lifetime is measured as a function of mercury vapor pressure. The decay of the 5350 A thallium line is also measured to give an indication of the effect of the imprisonment of the 3776 A resonance line. This decay of the 5350 A line is also in a mercury atmosphere"--Abstract, page ii.

The Application Of Quantum-Mechanical Concepts To Biological Systems, Andrew A. Cochran

Masters Theses

"The relation between quantum-mechanical concepts and biological systems is explored by studying the relation of both to the concepts of heat capacity and entropy. It is shown that the most important substances in living matter have extremely low heat capacities and entropies at ordinary temperatures. A critical analysis of the two types of quantum-mechanical interactions between particles and the interactions occurring in low-entropy systems shows that the wave properties of matter are strongly predominant in the chemical elements that constitute 99 percent of living matter. It is concluded that the wave aspects of matter are strongly predominant in biological systems. …

The Construction Of Two Light Sources With Adequate Intensity For Magneto-Optical Rotatory Dispersion Experiments, Norman D. Love

Masters Theses

Chapter I

Introduction

The phenomenon known as the Faraday Effect was discovered by Michael Faraday in the year 1845.¹ He discovered that when an isotropic substance of high refractive index is placed in a strong magnetic field which is parallel to a beam of plane polarized light, the plane of polarization is rotated. The rotation is proportional to H, the strength of the magnetic field; and to 1, the length of the light path in the sample. If X represents the rotation in minutes then

X = VH1.

The proportionality constant V is known as Verdet's constant. The units …

Variation Of Sensitized Fluorescence With Penetration Depth Of Incident 2537a Radiation, George Grayson Robinson

Masters Theses

"An investigation of the sensitized fluorescence of a thallium and mercury mixture using a variable depth cell and photomultiplier type of detection is discussed. Data are given to indicate the variation of the intensity of the 3519A thallium line as a function of thallium temperature, as a function of mercury temperature, and as a function of cell depth. Explanations of results require the use of generally accepted ideas concerning energy transfer, emission, and absorption."

A Study Of Duffing's Equation, Charles Kirby Murch

Masters Theses

"The unforced cases of Duffing's equation and the equation of the simple pendulum are considered by imposing certain conditions on a linear partial differential equation. Geometrical arguments are presented which lead to solutions of the special cases considered.

Undetermined functions of integration in the solutions limit their use to the approximation of systems with small non-linearity"--Abstract, page ii.

Neutron Flux Mapping Of The Msm Reactor, Cary Chow-Yuen Chen

Masters Theses

"This investigation presents a mean to determine thermal neutron flux of a reactor by irradiating copper wires inside the fuel elements. The activity recorded after decay correction, is the relative thermal neutron density. Thermal neutron flux is a measure of the neutron density at thermal energy, 0.025 ev.

Gold foils irradiated at National Bureau of Standards were used as the absolute neutron flux calibration standards. The average flux of the reactor with water as the reflector ranges from 7.24 x 10¹⁰ neutrons/cm² - sec. to 7.87 x 10¹⁰ neutrons/cm² - sec. as obtained from the calculations. …

A Theoretical Investigation Of Periodic Precipitation, Jack M. Scrivner

Masters Theses

"The problem of periodic precipitation in solution or gel is considered from the standpoint of supplementing the simple diffusion equation with chemical reaction rate terms. This addition has the effect of making the differential equations of the process non-linear.

The system of equations admits of a periodic, steady-state solution under certain conditions, but lack of experimental values for the parameters prohibits a definite statement as to whether or not the model is valid"--Abstract, page ii.

The Magnetic Monopole, Thomas E. Kemple

Masters Theses

"Since Dirac has shown that the concept of a magnetic monopole follows from the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics and that it imposes quantization of electric charge, one has reason for taking the magnetic monopole seriously. Such particles, if they exist, would also give symmetry to Maxwell's equations.

A comprehensive review of the literature is presented and all known properties of magnetic poles are discussed. Scattering of mono- poles by heavy nuclei is analyzed in detail and definite mathematical relations are established. All previous experimental work known is outlined and discussed. Definite criteria for identification of monopole tracks in a …

Normal Incidence - Grazing Incidence Spectrograph For The Vacuum Ultraviolet, J. Kirston Henderson

Masters Theses

"Presentation of Design.

This thesis presents the design for a combination normal incidence - grazing incidence spectrograph for use in the vacuum ultra-violet and soft x-ray portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The instrument described was designed and constructed as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the master of science degree from The Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy.

Design Details.

Included in this thesis is a complete set of all detailed drawings and information required for either effective use or duplication of this instrument. Complete discussions of the design, operating procedures, difficulties encountered during construction and suggestions for future …

The Fundamental Atomic Particles, Ransom Bloomer Beers

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Cell-Center Distribution Function For Liquid Argon, Arthur M. Soellner

Masters Theses

"A theoretical expression for a cell-center distribution function was developed using a fundamental statistical mechanics approach. A free volume picture of the liquid was used with each atom located in a spherical cell formed by its nearest neighbors. Cell-center density distribution curves were obtained for liquid argon for temperatures of 84.4°K, 91.8°K, 126.7°K, 144.1°K, and 149.3°K and for argon gas at 149.3°K, and a comparison made with the experimental atomic distribution curves obtained by Eisenstein. For the first two temperatures a sharper, more definite structure was predicted by the cell model. For the remaining four temperatures, with the assumptions made, …

A Preliminary Search For Subionizers, Joseph B. Hughes

Masters Theses

"A number of physicists of recent years have been attempting to explain the basic nature of the universe in terms of particles. A few particles have been predicted theoretically, and some of these, along with many others have appeared experimentally, Searches for them have presented some interesting experimental problems and brought forth some invaluable experimental apparatus. One of these devices is the Wilson cloud chamber, with which this thesis is concerned.

Of the particles that have been discovered thus far, only the electron and the proton appear to be stable. The rest ultimately decay by the emission of photons and …

Iterative Solutions Of Kirkwood's Integral For Liquid Argon, Eugene D. Fabricius

Masters Theses

"A liquid or a dense gas may be regarded either as a very imperfect gas in which multiple collisions are frequent or as a distorted crystal in which the long range order has been lost. The crystal-like approach has not led to formal solutions, but it has led to several approximate treatments which can be used to give numerical results.

The two main types of approaches which have been used are: the cell theories, in which the liquid is regarded as a distorted crystal with one molecule located at or near each lattice point; and the hole theories, in which …

Liesegang Rings, Robert Edward Young

Masters Theses

"Although the discovery of the "Liesegang Rings" phenomenon was made sometime before 1855 little was done in the way of study or experimentation until 1896 when R. E. Liesegang discovered that if a crystal or strong solution of silver nitrate is added to a gelatin gel containing dilute potassium chromate, the resulting precipitate of silver chromate is not continuous, as might be expected, but forms a discontinuous periodic pattern. This pattern follows a geometric progression law, x_n = akⁿ, where x_n is the position of the n^th ring, and a and k are constants. K …

Investigation Of The Geometric Effects Connected With The U-Effect-Iii, Anthony Edward Hoffman

Masters Theses

"Statement of Problem: The investigation reported herein is of the dependence of the voltage output due to the U-Effect-III upon the geometry of the tube. The geometry of the tube is defined to include the inner diameter of the tube as well as the size and number of the mercury and electrolyte drops. The previous experimental study of the effect did not include an investigation of the effects of the geometry of the tube, as defined above, on the voltage output. It seems that information as to the dependence of the output voltage on the geometry of the tube would …

An Application Of Cathodic Sputtering To The Etching Of Metallographic Specimens, Robert Ruch

Masters Theses

"The U. S. Bureau of Mines at Rolla, Missouri has for some years been conducting research on manganese-copper alloys. The study of the physical metallurgy of these alloys -- dissimilar metal couples -- has always been complicated by the difficulty of satisfactorily etching this material. It was felt that by introducing a new etching technique, cathodic bombardment, satisfactory etching might be accomplished. On this basis the following research program was proposed:

1) To survey the present state of art of cathodic etching, etching by means of cathodic sputtering;

2) To design and construct suitable equipment for the experimental study of …

A Study Of Background In A Long Sensitive Time Wilson Cloud Chamber, Donald A. Rinker

Masters Theses

"A long-sensitive time Wilson Cloud Chamber has been built and tested. A usable sensitive time of 2.5 seconds has been achieved by the use of a system of five expansion valves, the first three of which are used to obtain the sensitive time and the final two to continue the expansion at a supersaturation slightly less than critical in order to allow all droplets formed to grow in size and fall into the liquid. This system of continued expansion, coupled with delayed recompression, has been proved to reduce the background density in the chamber to an average operating value of …

An Improved Long Sensitive Time Wilson Cloud Chamber, Clarence W. Mettenburg

Masters Theses

"The discovery of numerous new particles in recent years such as mesons and hyperons causes one to speculate about the possible existence of still other particle types….

A cloud chamber seems to be a most suitable means of detecting particles ionizing less than the minimum ionization of the electron because it is capable of detecting almost all the ions produced. The cloud chamber makes it possible to study not only a wide range of ionization but also many fine details of track structure which would go unnoticed by other means of detection….

With the information and experience gained by the …

Some Thermodynamic And Structural Properties Of A Linear Chain Of Atoms, And Extension Of The Model To Two- And Three-Dimensional Cases, Hari Gopal Mukerjee

Masters Theses

"An attempt has been made in the present work to derive some thermodynamic and structural properties of a linear chain of atoms (under somewhat idealized conditions) moving in the fields of nearest neighbours and assuming a parabolic well in the interaction of pairs within the range of relative movements. The equation of state and other formulas derived are applicable only to the linear model which could be considered as a simplified form of one-dimensional crystals in the form of chain-like molecules of rubber-like substances. An attempt has also been made to extend the model to two- and three-dimensional cases"--Introduction, page …

Detection Of Low Energy Positive Ions By Scintillation Methods, Graydon J. Hanson

Masters Theses

"This thesis deals with the feasibility of efficiently detecting low energy positive ions, those with energies of less than several hundred electron volts, using phosphors.

The scintillation technique, first used visually and greatly improved in the last ten years by the use of a photomultiplier tube, has greatly advanced detection in high energy fields. The photomultiplier is capable of delivering milliampere pulses of current of short duration and these can be registered directly by the many electronic devices currently in use.

Extensive work has been done with phosphors which scintillate under which energy bombardment, due in part to their wide …

A Probe For Measuring Ultrasonic Pressures, Robert F. Rohrer

Masters Theses

"In the study of acoustics, the term ultrasonics is defined as those wave motions that have frequencies greater than about 20,000 cycles per second. The characteristics of a sound wave at any point in a medium can be regarded as completely defined when the amplitude, frequency, and phase of its Fourier components are known.

Sound measurements at their best are difficult. In the last few years sensitive linear microphones and electronic amplifiers have become available. Still, there are two difficulties of prime importance with their use in a sound field. First, there is the precise, absolute calibration of the equipment …

Internal Friction In Manganese Copper Alloys, William Paul Dixon

Masters Theses

"The study of the physical properties of the manganese-copper alloys is an intriguing one. These alloys show promise of usefulness in instances in which high internal friction is needed to reduce the noise and vibrational stresses at resonant frequencies of a part of a machine. The purpose of this study has been to learn more about the internal friction of manganese-copper alloys as a function of temperature, stress amplitude, frequency, time, and past history of the specimen. From this information the mechanism for absorption of vibrational energy is proposed, or at least some progress has been made toward its determination. …

An Investigation Of The Internal Friction Of Manganese-Copper Alloys, Ed. (Edward) Sickafus

Masters Theses

"Internal friction is defined as the ability of a vibrating solid to convert its mechanical energy of vibration into heat, even when completely isolated from its surroundings. (1) The most familiar manifestation of internal friction is the damping of a freely vibrating body, such as a torsional pendulum. Another example would be the increased width of the resonance peak observed when a nonelastic body is forced to vibrate over a spectrum of frequencies.(2) Internal friction manifests itself in numerous ways, and we will here be concerned with the first example cited and the potency of data gained in studying the …

Thermal Conductivity Of Sodium Chloride Within The Temperature Range 375°K To 637°K, Paul E. Ohlsen

Masters Theses

"The transport of heat in dielectric solids is attributed entirely to lattice waves whereas in metals there is in addition a transfer by the flow of valence electrons. The thermal conductivity of a non-electrical-conductor is limited by a number of scattering processes giving rise to thermal resistances. Scattering results from impurity atoms and from vacancies and dislocations within the crystal structure and from the interaction of the lattice vibrations amongst themselves. Scattering also occurs at the boundaries of the crystal. The thermal resistance of an ideal crystal at low temperatures is due almost entirely to boundary scattering and at high …

The Thermal Conductivity Of Potassium Chloride At Elevated Temperatures, Wendell D. Miller

Masters Theses

"The transport of heat in solids is attributed to the combined effect of the quantized vibrations of lattice points, or phonons, and the flow of valence electrons. In dielectric solids, the thermal conductivity is due almost entirely to phonons, while in metals the latter method preponderates. Scattering processes in dielectric solids, giving rise to thermal resistance, also serve to limit the thermal conductivity. Scattering results from vacancies, dislocations, interstitial atoms and phonon interaction. Crystal boundaries also function as scattering points and in crystals of small dimensions, this process is the most pronounced conductivity-limiting factor. At low temperatures the thermal resistance …

Direct Correlation Functions For Liquid Argon, Arthur Reetz Jr.

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research is to obtain the direct interaction functions from the liquid argon x-ray scattering structure factors of Eisenstein at various temperatures and over a wide range of interatomic separations"--Introduction, page 1.

Correlation Functions For Use In Small Angle X-Ray Scattering, James Edwin Thomas Jr.

Masters Theses

"Thus, the determination of the structure of the material, and obtaining a distribution function which will enable the theoretical scattering to be predicted is the major problem.

In this work the diffraction material shall be considered to contain scattering regions of identical geometrical forms at such a distance from one another that they will essentially scatter the incident beam independently of their closest neighbor. An effort will be made to determine a correlation function characteristic of these forms, which may be interpreted as a distribution function, that might allow the low angle scattering pattern to be predicted. This correlation function …