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Full-Text Articles in Physics
Excitation Of Auto-Ionizing Levels In Neon By Ion Impact, A. K. Edwards, M. Eugene Rudd
Excitation Of Auto-Ionizing Levels In Neon By Ion Impact, A. K. Edwards, M. Eugene Rudd
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
Auto-ionizing states of neutral and singly ionized neon were produced by bombarding neon gas with H+, He+, and Ne+ ions in the 150-250-keV energy range. Sixty lines in the electron spectrum were found, of which 43 have been classified into 13 Rydberg series. Ten of these series were previously unreported. Auger electrons from one- and two-vacancy states are also reported. Relative intensities of all transitions are listed.
Optimum Spacing Of Square And Circular Coil Pairs, M. Eugene Rudd, J. R. Craig
Optimum Spacing Of Square And Circular Coil Pairs, M. Eugene Rudd, J. R. Craig
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
In a previous note Crownfield pointed out that the magnetic field along the axis of a coil pair is within a prescribed uniformity over a substantially longer region than that given by the Helmholtz spacing if a somewhat larger spacing is used. In the note, values of coil spacing and length of uniform field region are given for a few desired uniformities, but only for a particular "thick" coil pair, i.e., one with cross-sectional dimensions comparable to the spacing. Many coil pairs, such as those used to annul the earth's field over the region occupied by some apparatus, have cross-sectional …
Energy Spectra Of Auto-Ionizing Electrons In Oxygen, M. Eugene Rudd, Kenneth Smith
Energy Spectra Of Auto-Ionizing Electrons In Oxygen, M. Eugene Rudd, Kenneth Smith
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
Experimental and theoretical data are presented showing the energy spectra of auto-ionizing electrons from atomic oxygen. The experimental data were obtained by bombarding oxygen gas with 100-keV H+ and He+ ions; the theoretical results were obtained in a close-coupling calculation which coupled the 4S, 2D, and 2P terms of the ground-state configuration of O+ in electron-O+ scattering.
Analog Plotting System For Recording Energy Spectra Of Low Energy Charged Particles, M. Eugene Rudd
Analog Plotting System For Recording Energy Spectra Of Low Energy Charged Particles, M. Eugene Rudd
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
During recent measurements of energy spectra of electrons emitted from gases under positive ion bombardment an analyzing and plotting system was developed which has some unique features. Utilizing an electrostatic analyzer, it sweeps over the desired energy range and plots a graph directly in electron volts. With suitable modifications it could also be used for positive ions. Energies from near 0 to about 1000 eV have been plotted but this range could be extended. Usable graphs have been obtained at counting rates as low as 3 counts/sec.
Compensation is provided for fluctuations in the signal due to slow or rapid …
Electron Energy Spectrum From Ar+-Ar And H+-Ar Collisions, M. Eugene Rudd, T. Jorgensen, Jr., D. J. Volz
Electron Energy Spectrum From Ar+-Ar And H+-Ar Collisions, M. Eugene Rudd, T. Jorgensen, Jr., D. J. Volz
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
Absolute differential cross sections have been measured for the ejection of electrons of various energies at 160° by argon ions and protons striking argon gas as a target. The observed energy spectrum consists of a number of "lines" or peaks superimposed on a continuous spectrum. The fine-structure regions occur below 20 eV and from about 120 to 220 eV for both projectiles. A number of lines are identified with auto-ionization transitions from neutral states and with Auger transitions from one- and two-vacancy states. With argon ions each peak has a "Doppler"-shifted counterpart due to electrons emitted from the moving particles. …
Observation Of Doppler-Shifted Peaks In The Energy Spectrum Of Autoionizatioin Electrons From Ar+ -Ar Collisions, M. Eugene Rudd, T. Jorgensen, Jr., D. J. Volz
Observation Of Doppler-Shifted Peaks In The Energy Spectrum Of Autoionizatioin Electrons From Ar+ -Ar Collisions, M. Eugene Rudd, T. Jorgensen, Jr., D. J. Volz
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
It is well known that when heavy ions traverse gas, electron pickup into excited states occurs. If the fast excited atom subsequently decays by radiating a photon, the energy of the photon will be Doppler shifted due to the motion of the source. This effect may be used to distinguish the radiation from stationary and moving atoms. For example, this method was used by Meinel to deduce the motion of solar protons streaming downward through the earth's atmosphere.
If instead the moving atom decays by autoionization, the ejected electron should also show a shift in energy analogous to the Doppler …
New Autoionizing Levels In Helium, M. Eugene Rudd
New Autoionizing Levels In Helium, M. Eugene Rudd
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
We recently reported the excitation of autoionizing states in helium by positive-ion bombardment and their subsequent observation as fine structure in the energy spectrum of the emitted electrons. With somewhat increased resolution we have now observed additional levels in helium including parts of two series not previously reported.
Observation Of Autoionization Levels In He By Positive Ion Bombardment, M. Eugene Rudd
Observation Of Autoionization Levels In He By Positive Ion Bombardment, M. Eugene Rudd
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
Certain highly excited energy levels in helium have been observed optically and by inelastic electron scattering, and have been calculated theoretically. Reported here is the observation of these levels by the measurement of the energy spectrum of electrons emitted after bombardment with protons and hydrogen molecular ions. Some of the states show up clearly by this method which are weak or absent in the other techniques. Berry has previously observed autoionization of helium by this method, but his measurements lacked the resolution necessary to identify the states.
Energy And Angular Distribution Of Electrons Ejected From Hydrogen And Helium Gas By Protons, M. Eugene Rudd, Theodore Jorgensen, Jr.
Energy And Angular Distribution Of Electrons Ejected From Hydrogen And Helium Gas By Protons, M. Eugene Rudd, Theodore Jorgensen, Jr.
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
Differential cross sections for ejection of secondary electrons of various energies at various angles were measured for hydrogen gas bombarded by 100-keV protons and for helium gas bombarded by 50-, l00-, and 150-keV protons. The range of angles investigated was 10° to 160° and the range of electron energies was 1 to 500 eV. A unique fixed-port, double-walled scattering chamber was used. Electrons were counted by an electron multiplier after passing through a 127° electrostatic analyzer. The efficiency of the detector was determined by replacing the analyzer and multiplier by a Faraday cup and making absolute measurements of cross sections …
Use Of Motion Pictures In Laboratory Dynamical Studies, Carl Bailey, Jaan Jurisson, M. Eugene Rudd
Use Of Motion Pictures In Laboratory Dynamical Studies, Carl Bailey, Jaan Jurisson, M. Eugene Rudd
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
In student laboratory experiments in dynamics, as, for example, Newton's second law of motion or the conservation of momentum, it is, of course, highly desirable to allow motion with the least possible constraint and to observe the displacements of moving parts without using perturbing markers. This circumstance has led us to use motion pictures in the student laboratory for quantitative observation of rapid dynamic processes, a technique which is used in a well-known textbook.' The photographic method combines maximum freedom of movement with accurate observation of position as a function of time, if the camera frame speed is sufficiently high. …