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Articles 31 - 60 of 65
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Comment On Effective-Lagrangian Formulations Of The U(1) Axial Anomaly, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Comment On Effective-Lagrangian Formulations Of The U(1) Axial Anomaly, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
Recent effective-Lagrangian formulations of the U(1) axial anomaly are examined to determine their consistency and the extent to which the fundamental quantum-chromodynamics theory is replicated. One formulation is shown to possess the desired properties, and some difficulties with two other formulations are pointed out.
Slepton Flavor Nonuniversality, The Muon Electric Dipole Moment, And Its Proposed Sensitive Search At Brookhaven, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath
Slepton Flavor Nonuniversality, The Muon Electric Dipole Moment, And Its Proposed Sensitive Search At Brookhaven, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
We analyze the electric dipole moment of the electron (dₑ), of the neutron (dn), and of the muon (dμ), using the cancellation mechanism in the presence of nonuniversalities of the soft breaking parameters. It is shown that the nonuniversalities in the slepton sector produce a strong violation of the scaling relation dμ/dₑ≃mμ/mₑ in the cancellation region. An analysis of dₑ, d,n, and dμ under the constraints of the current experimental limits on dₑ and dn, and under the constraints of the recent Brookhaven result on gμ-2, shows that in the nonscaling region, dμ can be as large as (10⁻2⁴-10⁻23)ecm and …
Fermion Mass Generation In So(10) With A Unified Higgs Sector, K. S. Babu, Ilia Gogoladze, Pran Nath, Raza M. Syed
Fermion Mass Generation In So(10) With A Unified Higgs Sector, K. S. Babu, Ilia Gogoladze, Pran Nath, Raza M. Syed
Pran Nath
An analysis of generating fermion masses via cubic couplings in SO(10) grand unification with a unified Higgs sector is given. The new framework utilizes a single pair of vector-spinor representation 144+144̅ to break the gauge symmetry all the way to SU(3)C×U(1)em. Typically the matter-Higgs couplings in this framework are quartic and lead to naturally suppressed Yukawa couplings for the first two generations. Here we show that much larger third generation couplings naturally arise at the cubic level with additional matter in 10-plet and 45-plet representations of SO(10). Thus the physical third generation is a mixture of 16, 10, and 45-plet …
Μ→E+Γ And Τ→Μ+Γ Decays In String Models With E₆ Symmetry, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Μ→E+Γ And Τ→Μ+Γ Decays In String Models With E₆ Symmetry, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
E₆ string models for which (i) E₆ breaks to [SU(3)]3 at the Planck scale, (ii) [SU(3)]3 breaks to SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) at an intermediate scale MI triggered by a (mass)2 m2≲1 TeV, and (iii) the model possesses a matter-parity invariance lead to the new-physics signals of μ→eγ and τ→μγ decays which may be accessible experimentally. The outgoing lepton is nearly 100% right handed and the τ→μγ branching ratio about 10⁵ times larger than the μ→eγ. Possible ways of detecting these decays are discussed.
Supersymmetric Ten-Dimensional Low-Energy Limit Of Superstring Theory, Ali H. Chamseddine, Pran Nath
Supersymmetric Ten-Dimensional Low-Energy Limit Of Superstring Theory, Ali H. Chamseddine, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
We present the full supersymmetric low-energy limit of superstring theory in ten dimensions, invariant to order κ2. It is also shown that the compactification solutions are the same as the ones obtained previously.
Gluino Nlsp, Dark Matter Via Gluino Coannihilation, And Lhc Signatures, Daniel Feldman, Zuowei Liu, Pran Nath
Gluino Nlsp, Dark Matter Via Gluino Coannihilation, And Lhc Signatures, Daniel Feldman, Zuowei Liu, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
The possibility that the gluino is the next to the lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) is discussed and it is shown that this situation arises in nonuniversal supergravity models within a significant part of the parameter space compatible with all known experimental bounds. It is then shown that the gluino NLSP (GNLSP) models lead to a compressed sfermion spectrum with the sleptons often heavier than the squarks at least for the first two generations. The relic density here is governed by gluino coannihilation which is responsible for a relatively small mass splitting between the gluino and the neutralino masses. Thus the …
Hierarchies And Textures In Supergravity Unification, Pran Nath
Hierarchies And Textures In Supergravity Unification, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
It is proposed that supergravity unified models possess, in addition to the hidden and the visible sectors, a third sector which contains exotic matter with couplings to the fields of both the visible and the hidden sectors, and that its elimination leads to quark-lepton textures at the grand unified theory (GUT) scale with a hierarchy in powers of MG/MP. Simultaneously the GUT mass is computed in terms of the Planck/string scale. Textures in the Higgs triplet sector are computed using a complete set of texture sum rules, and it is shown that they modify predictions of proton decay in unified …
Supersymmetric Qcd And Supersymmetric Electroweak Loop Corrections To B,T, And Τ Masses Including The Effects Of Cp Phases, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath
Supersymmetric Qcd And Supersymmetric Electroweak Loop Corrections To B,T, And Τ Masses Including The Effects Of Cp Phases, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
We compute supersymmetric QCD and supersymmetric electroweak corrections to the b and t quark masses and to the τ lepton mass in the presence of CP phases valid for all tanβ. The analysis includes one loop diagrams arising from the exchange of gluinos, charginos and neutralinos. We find that the CP effects can change both the magnitude as well as the sign of the supersymmetric loop correction. In the region of parameter space studied we found that the numerical size of the correction to the b quark mass can be as large as 30 % and to the τ lepton …
Matter Parity Constraints On Particle Spectrum In Three-Generation Calabi-Yau Manifolds, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Matter Parity Constraints On Particle Spectrum In Three-Generation Calabi-Yau Manifolds, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
An analysis of the particle spectrum after intermediate scale breaking in the three-generation Calabi-Yau manifold CP3×CP2/Z₃ is given. The spectrum is investigated within the framework of intermediate scale breaking which preserves matter parity and breaks the rank-six gauge group SU(3)C×SU(3)L×SU(3)>sub>R to the standard-model gauge group SU(3)C×SU(2)L×U(1)y. It is shown that a large number of particles and mirror particles associated with the extra families and mirror families on CP3×CP3/Z₃ can all be made superheavy through mass generation induced by nonrenormalizable interactions that are present in the superpotential below the compactification scale. The final spectrum of the compactified superstring below …
Landau Pole Effects And The Parameter Space Of The Minimal Supergravity Model, Pran Nath, Jizhi Wu, Richard Arnowitt
Landau Pole Effects And The Parameter Space Of The Minimal Supergravity Model, Pran Nath, Jizhi Wu, Richard Arnowitt
Pran Nath
It is shown that analyses at the electroweak scale can be significantly affected due to Landau pole effects in certain regions of the parameter space. This phenomenon arises because of a large magnification of errors of the input parameters mt, αG which have currently a 10% uncertainty in their determination. The influence of the Landau pole on the constraint that the scalar SUSY spectrum be free of tachyons is also investigated. It is found that this constraint is very strong and eliminates a large portion of the parameter space. Under the above constraint the trilinear soft SUSY-breaking term at the …
Higgsino Dark Matter Model Consistent With Galactic Cosmic Ray Data And Possibility Of Discovery At Lhc-7, Ning Chen, Daniel Feldman, Zuowei Liu, Pran Nath, Gregory Peim
Higgsino Dark Matter Model Consistent With Galactic Cosmic Ray Data And Possibility Of Discovery At Lhc-7, Ning Chen, Daniel Feldman, Zuowei Liu, Pran Nath, Gregory Peim
Pran Nath
A solution to the PAMELA positron excess with Higgsino dark matter within extended supergravity grand unified (SUGRA) models is proposed. The models are compliant with the photon constraints recently set by Fermi-LAT and produce positron as well as antiproton fluxes consistent with the PAMELA experiment. The SUGRA models considered have an extended hidden sector with extra degrees of freedom which allow for a satisfaction of relic density consistent with WMAP. The Higgsino models are also consistent with the CDMS-II and XENON100 data and are discoverable at LHC-7 with 1 fb⁻1 of luminosity. The models are testable on several fronts.
Probing Minimal Supergravity Via The Extreme Universe Space Observatory, Luis Anchordoqui, Haim Goldberg, Pran Nath
Probing Minimal Supergravity Via The Extreme Universe Space Observatory, Luis Anchordoqui, Haim Goldberg, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
An analysis is carried out within mSUGRA of the estimated number of events originating from upward moving ultrahigh energy neutralinos passing through Earth’s crust that could be detected by the Extreme Universe Space Observatory (EUSO). The analysis exploits a recently proposed technique that differentiates ultrahigh energy neutralinos from ultrahigh energy neutrinos using their different absorption lengths in the Earth’s crust. It is shown that for the part of the parameter space, where the neutralino is mostly a B-ino and with squark mass ∼1TeV, EUSO could see ultrahigh energy neutralino events within mSUGRA models with essentially no background. In the energy …
Probing A Very Narrow Z ' Boson With Cdf And D0 Data, Daniel Feldman, Zuowei Liu, Pran Nath
Probing A Very Narrow Z ' Boson With Cdf And D0 Data, Daniel Feldman, Zuowei Liu, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
The CDF and D0 data of nearly 475 pb-1 in the dilepton channel is used to probe a recent class of models, Stueckelberg extensions of the standard model (StSM), which predict a Z′ boson whose mass is of topological origin with a very narrow decay width. A Drell-Yan analysis for dilepton production via this Z′ shows that the current data put constraints on the parameter space of the StSM. With a total integrated luminosity of 8 fb-1, the very narrow Z′ can be discovered up to a mass of about 600 GeV. The StSM Z′ will be very distinct since …
Mssm Extension With A Mirror Fourth Generation, Neutrino Magnetic Moments, And Cern Lhc Signatures, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath
Mssm Extension With A Mirror Fourth Generation, Neutrino Magnetic Moments, And Cern Lhc Signatures, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
Recent analyses have shown that a sequential fourth generation can be consistent with precision electroweak data. We consider the possibility that the new generation could be a mirror generation with V+A rather than V-A interactions. Specifically we consider an extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model with a light mirror generation. Implications of this extension are explored. One consequence is an enhancement of the τ neutrino magnetic moment by several orders of magnitude consistent with the current limits on the magnetic moment of the τ. The masses of the mirror generation arise due to electroweak symmetry breaking, and if a …
Fourth Generation And Nucleon Decay In Super Symmetric Theories, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Fourth Generation And Nucleon Decay In Super Symmetric Theories, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
Analysis of nucleon decay in N=1 supergravity unified models including the effect of a fourth generation of matter is given. Experimental constraints from nucleon-lifetime limits on the Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) matrix that enters nucleon decay are obtained. The decays KL→μ⁺μ⁻ and K⁺→π⁺νν¯ are analyzed under these constraints, since the combination of the KM matrix that enters nucleon decay also enters these rare decays. The branching ratio K⁺→π⁺νν¯ in four generations is shown to be considerably larger than for the three-generation case except for certain narrow domains of the KM matrix for two of the four branches of solutions. Bounds on Vub …
Supersymmetric Mass Spectrum In Su(5) Supergravity Grand Unification, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Supersymmetric Mass Spectrum In Su(5) Supergravity Grand Unification, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
A detailed analysis of predictions of SU(5) supergravity grand unification within the framework of radiative breaking of SU(2)×U(1) is given. The masses of the 31 new supersymmetric particles depend on only four parameters. The full parameter space is explored and found to be strongly restricted by proton decay bounds if one requires no extreme fine tuning and the Higgs triplet mass to be ≤3MG. The 31 sparticle masses are then strongly correlated, e.g., mW̃1≲1/3mg̃, mW̃1≃MZ̃2≃2mZ̃1, mh≲110 GeV.
Loop Corrections To Radiative Breaking Of Electroweak Symmetry In Supersymmetry, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Loop Corrections To Radiative Breaking Of Electroweak Symmetry In Supersymmetry, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
One-loop corrections to the radiative breaking of electroweak symmetry in supergravity unified models are analyzed. It is shown that in a physically interesting domain of parameter space there is a large cancellation among the contributions of the first two generations of squarks and the three generations of sleptons to the vacuum expectation value (VEV) equations. Partial cancellations in other sectors are also found. These cancellations reduce the effect of the one-loop contributions to the VEV equations.
Predictions From Three-Generation Calabi-Yau String Theory, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Predictions From Three-Generation Calabi-Yau String Theory, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Pran Nath
Superstring models are considered where there is E₆ flux breaking to [SU(3)]3 at compactification and dynamical breaking of [SU(3)]3 to SU(3)C×SU(2)L×U(1)Y at an intermediate scale MI. If the intermediate scale breaking preserves matter parity (to stabilize the proton) and is triggered by supersymmetry breaking, then it is shown that there will always be at least two, and often four, new light SU(3)C×SU(2)×U(1) neutral chiral multiplets (in addition to the usual standard-model states). The interactions of these new particles with the standard-model particles are deduced and are expected to produce μ→eγ decay and, in some cases, neutrino masses and oscillations in …
Testing Supergravity Grand Unification At Future Accelerator And Underground Experiments, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Testing Supergravity Grand Unification At Future Accelerator And Underground Experiments, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
The full parameter space of supergravity grand unified theory with SU(5)-type p→ν̅ K proton decay is analyzed using renormalization-group-induced electroweak symmetry breaking under the restrictions that the universal scalar mass m₀ and gluino mass are ≤1 TeV (no extreme fine tuning) and the Higgs triplet mass obeys MH₃/MG33 yr allowing a number of predictions concerning the SUSY mass spectrum. Thus either the p→ν̅ K decay mode will be seen at these experiments or a chargino of mass mW̃Further, if (p→ν̅ K)>1.5×1033 yr, then either the light Higgs boson has mass mh≤95 GeV or mW̃≤100 GeV, i.e., either the light …
Interpreting The New Brookhaven Gμ-2, Utpal Chattopadhyay, Pran Nath
Interpreting The New Brookhaven Gμ-2, Utpal Chattopadhyay, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
The latest gμ-2 measurement by Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) confirms the earlier measurement with twice the precision. However, interpretation of the result requires specific assumptions regarding the errors in the hadronic light by light (LBL) correction and in the hadronic vacuum polarization correction. Under the assumption that the recent reanlayses of the LBL correction are valid, the new BNL result implies a deviation between experiment and the standard model of 1.6σ-2.6σ depending on the estimate of the hadronic vacuum polarization correction. We reexamine the gμ-2 constraint for minimal supergravity and its implications for the direct detection of sparticles at colliders …
Wmap Dark Matter Constraints And Yukawa Unification In Supergravity Models With Cp Phases, Mario E. Gomez, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath, Solveig Skadhauge
Wmap Dark Matter Constraints And Yukawa Unification In Supergravity Models With Cp Phases, Mario E. Gomez, Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath, Solveig Skadhauge
Pran Nath
The compatibility of producing the observed amount of dark matter, as indicated by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data, through the relic abundance of neutralinos with Yukawa unification and with the measured rate of b→sγ is analyzed in mSUGRA and extended SUGRA unified models with the inclusion of CP phases. The CP phases affect the analysis in several ways, e.g., through the threshold corrections to the b-quark mass, via their effects on the neutralino relic density and through the supersymmetry (SUSY) contribution to the BR(b→sγ) which is sensitive to the CP phases. We present some specific models with large …
Predictions In Su(5) Supergravity Grand Unification With Proton Stability And Relic Density Constraints, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Predictions In Su(5) Supergravity Grand Unification With Proton Stability And Relic Density Constraints, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Pran Nath
It is shown that in the physically interesting domain of the parameter space of SU(5) supergravity grand unified theory. the Higgs-boson and Z poles dominate the annihilation of the lightest supersymmetric particle. Here the naive analyses on thermal averaging breaks down and formulas are derived which give a rigorous treatment over the poles. These results are then used to show that there exist significant domains in the parameter space where the constraints of proton stability and cosmology are simultaneously satisfied. New upper limits on light particle masses are obtained.
Light Higgs Bosons In Three-Generation Calabi-Yau Superstring Theory, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Light Higgs Bosons In Three-Generation Calabi-Yau Superstring Theory, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Pran Nath
An analysis of the Higgs sector is given in three-generation superstring models which arise via Calabi-Yau compactifications where the flux breaking at the compactification scale reduces the E₆ grand unified group to [SU(3)]3 and a further spontaneous breaking at an intermediate scale MI reduces this symmetry down to the standard-model gauge group symmetry SU(3)C×SU(2)L×U(1)Y. The analysis is carried out within the framework of matter parity invariance which is needed for proton stability and the assumption that spontaneous breaking at the intermediate scale is triggered by supersymmetry breaking. Conditions for the existence of …
Scalar Modifications To Gravity From Unparticle Effects May Be Testable, Haim Goldberg, Pran Nath
Scalar Modifications To Gravity From Unparticle Effects May Be Testable, Haim Goldberg, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
Interest has focused recently on low energy implications of a nontrivial scale invariant sector of an effective field theory with an IR fixed point, manifest in terms of “unparticles” with peculiar properties. If unparticle stuff exists it could couple to the stress tensor and mediate a new “fifth” force (“ungravity”). Under the assumption of strict conformal invariance in the hidden sector down to low energies, we compute the lowest order ungravity correction to the Newtonian gravitational potential and find scale invariant power law corrections of type (RG/r)2dU⁻1, where dU is an anomalous unparticle dimension and RG is a characteristic length …
Upper Limits On Sparticle Masses From G-2 And The Possibility For Discovery Of Supersymmetry At Colliders And In Dark Matter Searches, Utpal Chattopadhyay, Pran Nath
Upper Limits On Sparticle Masses From G-2 And The Possibility For Discovery Of Supersymmetry At Colliders And In Dark Matter Searches, Utpal Chattopadhyay, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
We analyze the implications of the new physics effect seen in the g-2 Brookhaven measurement and show that if the effect arises from supersymmetry, then the sign of the Higgs mixing parameter μ is determined to be positive in the standard sign convention. Further, analyses within the minimal supergravity model show that the Brookhaven result leads to upper limits on the universal gaugino and scalar masses of m1/2≤800GeV and m₀≤1.5TeV for tanβ≤55. Our analysis strongly suggests that supersymmetry via production of sparticles must be found at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Further, sgn(μ) positive is favorable for the discovery of …
Gaugino Mass Nonuniversality And Dark Matter In Supergravity, Strings, And D-Brane Models, Achille Corsetti, Pran Nath
Gaugino Mass Nonuniversality And Dark Matter In Supergravity, Strings, And D-Brane Models, Achille Corsetti, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
The effects of nonuniversality of gaugino masses on dark matter are examined within supersymmetric grand unification, and in string and D-brane models with R parity invariance. In SU(5) unified models nonuniversality in the gaugino sector can be generated via the gauge kinetic energy function which may depend on the 24, 75 and 200 dimensional Higgs representations. We also consider string models which allow for nonuniversality of gaugino masses and D-brane models where nonuniversality arises from embeddings of the standard model gauge group on five-branes and nine-branes. It is found that with gaugino mass nonuniversality the range of the LSP mass …
Suppression Of Higgsino Mediated Proton Decay By Cancellations In Grand Unified Theories And Strings, Pran Nath, Raza M. Syed
Suppression Of Higgsino Mediated Proton Decay By Cancellations In Grand Unified Theories And Strings, Pran Nath, Raza M. Syed
Pran Nath
A mechanism for the enhancement for proton lifetime in supersymmetric/supergravity (SUSY/SUGRA) grand unified theories and in string theory models is discussed where Higgsino mediated proton decay arising from color triplets (antitriplets) with charges Q=-1/3(1/3) and Q=-4/3(4/3) is suppressed by an internal cancellation due to contributions from different sources. We exhibit the mechanism for an SU(5) model with 45H+45̅H Higgs multiplets in addition to the usual Higgs structure of the minimal model. This model contains both Q=-1/3(1/3) and Q=-4/3(4/3) Higgs color triplets (antitriplets) and simple constraints allow for a complete suppression of Higgsino mediated proton decay. Suppression of proton decay in …
Matter Parity, Intermediate Scale Breaking, And Sin2Θw In Calabi-Yau Superstring Models, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Matter Parity, Intermediate Scale Breaking, And Sin2Θw In Calabi-Yau Superstring Models, Pran Nath, R. Arnowitt
Pran Nath
Consequences of matter-parity invariance on intermediate scale breaking in three-generation Calabi-Yau superstring models are discussed. It is shown that values of sin2θ>sub>W in conformity with the current experimental limits can arise in the Calabi-Yau models when the extra families and mirror families gain superheavy masses through nonrenormalizable interactions. A small number of exotic leptons with electroweak-scale masses remain and may be accessible at accelerator energies.
Predictions Of Neutralino Dark Matter Event Rates In Minimal Supergravity Unification, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Predictions Of Neutralino Dark Matter Event Rates In Minimal Supergravity Unification, R. Arnowitt, Pran Nath
Pran Nath
A detailed analysis of dark matter event rates in minimal supergravity models (MSGM's) is given. It is shown analytically that the lightest neutralino Z̃₁ is the LSP over almost all of the parameter space, and hence the natural candidate for cold dark matter (CDM). The radiative breaking of SU(2)×U(1) constraints is shown to be crucial in determining the expected event rates. Approximate analytic formulas are obtained to determine the gaugino-Higgsino content of the Z̃₁ particle. From this one can deduce the behavior of the event rates as one varies the SUSY soft breaking parameters and tanβ. The constraint on the …
Unified Framework For Symmetry Breaking In So(10), K. S. Babu, Ilia Gogoladze, Pran Nath, Raza M. Syed
Unified Framework For Symmetry Breaking In So(10), K. S. Babu, Ilia Gogoladze, Pran Nath, Raza M. Syed
Pran Nath
A new SO(10) unified model is proposed based on a one-step breaking of SO(10) to the standard model gauge group SU(3)C×SU(2)L×U(1)Y using a single 144 of Higgs. The symmetry breaking occurs when the SU(5) 24-plet component of 144 develops a vacuum expectation value. Further, it is possible to obtain from the same 144 a light Higgs doublet necessary for electroweak symmetry breaking using recent ideas of string vacua landscapes and fine-tuning. Thus the breaking of SO(10) down to SU(3)C×U(1)em can be accomplished with a single Higgs. We analyze this symmetry breaking pattern in the nonsupersymmetric as well as in the …