Physics Commons^™

Using Controlled Disorder To Probe The Interplay Between Charge Order And Superconductivity In Nbse2, Kyuil Cho, M. Kończykowski, Serafim Teknowijoyo, Makariy A. Tanatar, J. Guss, P. B. Gartin, John M. Wilde, A. Kreyssig, Robert Mcqueeney, Alan I. Goldman, V. Mishra, P. J. Hirschfeld, Ruslan Prozorov

A. I. Goldman

The interplay between superconductivity and charge-density wave (CDW) in 2H-NbSe2 is not fully understood despite decades of study. Artificially introduced disorder can tip the delicate balance between two competing long-range orders, and reveal the underlying interactions that give rise to them. Here we introduce disorder by electron irradiation and measure in-plane resistivity, Hall resistivity, X-ray scattering, and London penetration depth. With increasing disorder, the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, varies non-monotonically, whereas the CDW transition temperature, TCDW, monotonically decreases and becomes unresolvable above a critical irradiation dose where Tcdrops sharply. Our results imply that the CDW …

Theoretical Studies Of Ultrafast Electron Dynamics In Atoms And Molecules Via High-Order Harmonic Generation, Paul Abanador

Paul Abanador

Generating High-Order Optical And Spin Harmonics From Ferromagnetic Monolayers, G.P. Zhang, M.S. Si, M. Murakami, Y.H. Bai, Thomas F. George

Thomas George

Solid Deuterium Surface Degradation At Ultracold Neutron Sources, Alexander Anghel, Thomas L. Bailey, George Bison, Bertrand Blau, Leah J. Broussard, Stephen M. Clayton, Christopher Cude-Woods, Manfred Daum, Ayman I. Hawari, Nora Hild, Paul R. Huffman, Takeyasu M. Ito, Klaus Kirch, E. Korobkina, Bernhard Lauss, Kent Leung, E. M. Lutz, Mark Makela, G. Medlin, C. L. Morris, Robert W. Pattie, Dieter Ries, Alexander Saunders, Phillip Schmidt-Wellenburg, Vadim Talanov, Albert R. Young, Bernard Wehring, C. White, Michael Wohlmuther, Geza Zsigmond

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Solid deuterium (sD  is used as an efficient converter to produce ultracold neutrons (UCN). It is known that the sD must be sufficiently cold, of high purity and mostly in its ortho-state in order to guarantee long lifetimes of UCN in the solid from which they are extracted into vacuum. Also the UCN transparency of the bulk sD  material must be high because crystal inhomogeneities limit the mean free path for elastic scattering and reduce the extraction efficiency. Observations at the UCN sources at Paul Scherrer Institute and at Los Alamos National Laboratory consistently show a decrease of the UCN …

Non-Hermitian Matter-Wave Mixing In Bose-Einstein Condensates: Dissipation-Induced Amplification, S. Wuster, Ramy El-Ganainy

Ramy El-Ganainy

We investigate the nonlinear scattering dynamics in interacting atomic Bose-Einstein condensates under non-Hermitian dissipative conditions. We show that, by carefully engineering a momentum-dependent atomic loss profile, one can achieve matter-wave amplification through four-wave mixing in a quasi-one-dimensional nearly-free-space setup—a process that is forbidden in the counterpart Hermitian systems due to energy mismatch. Additionally, we show that similar effects lead to rich nonlinear dynamics in higher dimensions. Finally, we propose a physical realization for selectively tailoring the momentum-dependent atomic dissipation. Our strategy is based on a two-step process: (i) exciting atoms to narrow Rydberg or metastable excited states, and (ii) introducing …

Search For The Neutron Decay N → X + Γ , Where X Is A Dark Matter Particle, Zhoawen Tang, Marie Blatnik, Leah J. Broussard, J. H. Choi, Stephen M. Clayton, Christopher Cude-Woods, Scott Currie, D. E. Fellers, E. M. Fries, Peter Geltenbort, F. Gonzalez, Kevin P. Hickerson, Takeyasu M. Ito, Chen Y. Liu, S. W. T. Macdonald, Mark Makela, Christopher L. Morris, C. M. O'Shaughnessy, Robert W. Pattie Jr., Bradley R. Plaster, D. J. Salvat, Alexander Saunders, Zhehui Wang, Albert R. Young, B. A. Zeck

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Measurement Of The Neutron Lifetime Using A Magneto-Gravitational Trap And In Situ Detection, Robert W. Pattie Jr., Nathan B. Callahan, Chris Cude-Woods, Edith R. Adamek, Leah J. Broussard, Stephen M. Clayton, Scott A. Currie, Eric B. Dees, Xiaoping Ding, Egbert M. Engel, D. E. Fellers, William Fox, Peter Geltenbort, Kevin P. Hickerson, Mark A. Hoffbauer, Anthony T. Holley, A. Komives, Chen Liu, S. W. T. Macdonald, Mark Makela, Christopher L. Morris, Joseph D. Ortiz, John C. Ramsey, Daniel J. Salvat, Alexander Saunders, Susan J. Seestrom, E. I. Sharapov, S. K. Sjue, Zebo Tang, J. Vanderwerp, Bruce Vogelaar, P. L. Walstrom, Zhehui Wang, Wei Wei, H. L. Weaver, Judith W. Wexler, Tanner L. Womack, Andrew R. Young, B. A. Zeck

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Performance Of The Upgraded Ultracold Neutron Source At Los Alamos National Laboratory And Its Implication For A Possible Neutron Electric Dipole Moment Experiment, Takeyasu M. Ito, Evan R. Adamek, Nathan B. Callahan, J. H. Choi, Stephen M. Clayton, Chris Cude-Woods, Scott Currie, Xinjian Ding, D. E. Fellers, Peter Geltenbort, Steve K. Lamoreaux, C. Y. Liu, S. Macdonald, Mark Makela, Charles L. Morris, Robert W. Pattie Jr., John Clinton Ramsey, Daniel J. Salvat, Andy Saunders, Edward I. Sharapov, S. Sjue, A. P. Sprow, Zebo Tang, H. L. Weaver, Wanchun Wei, Andrew R. Young

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Simulation Of Charge Transport In Multi-Island Tunneling Devices: Application To Disordered One-Dimensional Systems At Low And High Biases, Madhusudan A. Savaikar, Douglas R. Banyai, Paul Bergstrom, John A. Jaszczak

John Jaszczak

Although devices have been fabricated displaying interesting single-electron transport characteristics, there has been limited progress in the development of tools that can simulate such devices based on their physical geometry over a range of bias conditions up to a few volts per junction. In this work, we present the development of a multi-island transport simulator, MITS, a simulator of tunneling transport in multi-island devices that takes into account geometrical and material parameters, and can span low and high source-drain biases. First, the capabilities of MITS are demonstrated by modeling experimentaldevices described in the literature, and showing that the simulated device …

Roughening And Preroughening Of Diamond-Cubic {111} Surfaces, Donald L. Woodraska, John A. Jaszczak

John Jaszczak

A solid-on-solid model for {111} surfaces of diamond-cubic materials that correctly takes into account the diamond-cubic crystal structure has been developed for Monte Carlo simulation. In addition to a roughening transition at temperature TR, a distinct preroughening transition at TPR≈0.43TR is indicated by divergences in the surface specific heat and order-parameter susceptibility. Preroughening appears to arise naturally in our nearest-neighbor bond model from the entropic freedom available in the nontrivial crystal structure. Preroughening is shown to dramatically lower the nucleation barrier for growth and etching at low driving forces.

Mechanism For Spatial Organization In Quantum Dot Self-Assembly, Da Gao, Adam Kaczynski, John A. Jaszczak

John Jaszczak

Inspired by experimental observations of spatially ordered growth hillocks on the (001) surfaces of natural graphite crystals, a mechanism for spatial organization in quantum dotself-assembly is proposed. The regular arrangement of steps from a screw dislocation-generated growth spiral provides the overall template for such ordering. An ordered array of quantum dots may be formed or nucleated from impurities driven to the step corners by diffusion and by their interactions with the spiral’s steps and kinks. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of a solid-on-solid model supports the feasibility of such a mechanism.

"Blinded By The Lines: Mid-Ir Spectra Of Mira Variables Taken With Spitzer", Dana Baylis-Aguirre, Michelle J. Creech-Eakman, Donald G. Luttermoser, Tina Gueth

Donald G. Luttermoser

We present preliminary analysis of mid-infrared spectra of M-type and C-type Mira variables. Due to the brightness of this sample, it is straightforward to monitor changes with phase in the infrared spectral features of these regular pulsators. We have spectra of 25 Mira variables, taken with phase, using the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) high-resolution module. Each star has multiple spectra obtained over a one-year period from 2008-09. This is a rich, unique data set due to multiple observations of each star and the high signal-to-noise ratio from quick exposure times to prevent saturation of the IRS instrument. This paper focuses …

New Flexible Channels For Room Temperature Tunneling Field Effect Transistors, Boyi Hao, Anjana Asthana, Paniz Khanmohammadi, Paul Bergstrom, Douglas R. Banyai, Madhusudan A. Savaikar, John A. Jaszczak, Yoke Khin Yap

Paul Bergstrom

Tunneling field effect transistors (TFETs) have been proposed to overcome the fundamental issues of Si based transistors, such as short channel effect, finite leakage current, and high contact resistance. Unfortunately, most if not all TFETs are operational only at cryogenic temperatures. Here we report that iron (Fe) quantum dots functionalized boron nitride nanotubes (QDs-BNNTs) can be used as the flexible tunneling channels of TFETs at room temperatures. The electrical insulating BNNTs are used as the one-dimensional (1D) substrates to confine the uniform formation of Fe QDs on their surface as the flexible tunneling channel. Consistent semiconductor-like transport behaviors under various …

Simulation Of Charge Transport In Multi-Island Tunneling Devices: Application To Disordered One-Dimensional Systems At Low And High Biases, Madhusudan A. Savaikar, Douglas R. Banyai, Paul Bergstrom, John A. Jaszczak

Paul Bergstrom

Although devices have been fabricated displaying interesting single-electron transport characteristics, there has been limited progress in the development of tools that can simulate such devices based on their physical geometry over a range of bias conditions up to a few volts per junction. In this work, we present the development of a multi-island transport simulator, MITS, a simulator of tunneling transport in multi-island devices that takes into account geometrical and material parameters, and can span low and high source-drain biases. First, the capabilities of MITS are demonstrated by modeling experimentaldevices described in the literature, and showing that the simulated device …

Highly Directional Receiver And Source Antennas Using Photonic Band Gap Crystals, Rana Biswas, Gary L. Tuttle, Ekmel Ozbay, Burak Temelkuran, Mihail Sigalas, Kai-Ming Ho

Gary Tuttle

A directional antenna made with photonic band gap structures has been presented. The directional antenna is formed with two photonic band gap structures oriented back to back and separated from each other by a distance to form a resonant cavity between the photonic band gap structures. An antenna element is placed in the resonant cavity. The resonant frequency of the cavity is tuned by adjusting the distance between the photonic band gap structures. The resonant cavity can be asymmetrical or symmetrical.

A New Method For Measuring The Neutron Lifetime Using An In Situ Neutron Detector, Christopher L. Morris, Edith R. Adamek, Leah J. Broussard, Nathan B. Callahan, Stephen M. Clayton, Chris Cude-Woods, Scott A. Currie, Xiaoping Ding, Walter Fox, Kevin P. Hickerson, Mark A. Hoffbauer, Anthony T. Holley, A. Komives, Chen Y. Liu, Mark Makela, Robert W. Pattie, John C. Ramsey, Daniel J. Salvat, Alexander Saunders, Susan J. Seestrom, E. I. Sharapov, S. K. Sjue, Zhijing Tang, J. Vanderwerp, R. Bruce Vogelaar, Peter L. Walstrom, Zhehui Wang, Wanchun Wei, Judith W. Wexler, Tanner L. Womack, Andrew R. Young, B. A. Zeck

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Detection System For Neutron Β Decay Correlations In The Ucnb And Nab Experiments, Leah J. Broussard, B. A. Zeck, Edith R. Adamek, Stephan Baeßler, Noah Birge, Marie Blatnik, J. David Bowman, Astrid E. Brandt, A. E. Brandt, Matthew Brown, John F. Burkhart, Nathan B. Callahan, Steven M. Clayton, Christopher B. Crawford, Chris Cude-Woods, Scott Currie, Eric B. Dees, Xinjian Ding, Nadia Fomin, Emil Frlez, Jason Fry, Frederick E. Gray, Said Hasan, Kevin P. Hickerson, J. Todd Hoagland, Anthony T. Holley, Takeyasu M. Ito, Andreas Klein, Hengne Li, Chenyu Liu, Mark F. Makela, P. L. Mcgaughey, J. Mirabal-Martinez, Charles L. Morris, Jose D. Ortiz, Robert W. Pattie Jr., Seppo I. Penttilä, Brad Plaster, Dinko Počanić, John C. Ramsey, A. Salas-Bacci, Daniel J. Salvat, Alexander Saunders, Susan J. Seestrom, Sky Sjue, Aron Sprow, Z. Tang, R. Bruce Vogelaar, Brittany Vorndick, Z. Wang, Wanchun Wei, J. Wexler, W. S. Wilburn, T. L. Womack, A. R. Young

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Progress Towards Terahertz Acoustic Phonon Generation In Doping Superlattices, Thomas E. Wilson

Thomas E. Wilson

Progress is described in experiments to generate coherent terahertz acoustic phonons in silicon doping superlattices by the resonant absorption of nanosecond-pulsed far-infrared laser radiation. Future experiments are proposed that would use the superlattice as a transducer in a terahertz cryogenic acoustic reflection microscope with sub-nanometer resolution.

Using Raman Spectroscopy To Improve Hyperpolarized Noble Gas Production For Clinical Lung Imaging Techniques, Jonathan R. Birchall, Nicholas Whiting, Jason G. Skinner, Michael J. Barlow, Boyd M. Goodson

Nicholas Whiting

Position-Sensitive Detection Of Ultracold Neutrons With An Imaging Camera And Its Implications To Spectroscopy, Wanchun Wei, Leah J. Broussard, Mark A. Hoffbauer, Mark Makela, Charles L. Morris, Zebo Tang, Evan R. Adamek, Nathan B. Callahan, Stephen M. Clayton, Chris Cude-Woods, Scott Currie, Eric B. Dees, Xinjian Ding, Peter Geltenbort, Kevin P. Hickerson, Anthony T. Holley, Takeyasu M. Ito, Kent K. Leung, Chenyu Y. Liu, Deborah J. Morley, Jose D. Ortiz, Robert W. Pattie, John C. Ramsey, Alexander Saunders, Susan J. Seestrom, Eduard I. Sharapov, S. K. Sjue, Judith Wexler, Tanner L. Womack, Albert R. Young, B. A. Zeck, Zhehui Wang

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Infrared Skin Damage Thresholds From 1319-Nm Continous-Wave Laser Exposures, Gavin D. Buffington, Clifton D. Clark

Gavin Buffington

A series of experiments were conducted in vivo using Yucatan miniature pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) to determine thermal damage thresholds to the skin from 1319-nm continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser irradiation. Experiments employed exposure durations of 0.25, 1.0, 2.5, and 10 s and beam diameters of ∼0.6 and 1 cm. Thermal imagery data provided a time-dependent surface temperature response from the laser. A damage endpoint of fifty percent probability of a minimally visible effect was used to determine threshold for damage at 1 and 24 h postexposure. Predicted thermal response and damage thresholds are compared with a numerical model of opticalthermal interaction. …

Infrared Skin Damage Thresholds From 1319-Nm Continous-Wave Laser Exposures, Gavin D. Buffington, Clifton D. Clark

Clifton D. Clark

A series of experiments were conducted in vivo using Yucatan miniature pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) to determine thermal damage thresholds to the skin from 1319-nm continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser irradiation. Experiments employed exposure durations of 0.25, 1.0, 2.5, and 10 s and beam diameters of ∼0.6 and 1 cm. Thermal imagery data provided a time-dependent surface temperature response from the laser. A damage endpoint of fifty percent probability of a minimally visible effect was used to determine threshold for damage at 1 and 24 h postexposure. Predicted thermal response and damage thresholds are compared with a numerical model of opticalthermal interaction. …

Retardation Of Bulk Water Dynamics By Disaccharide Osmolytes.Pdf, Nimesh Shukla

Nimesh Shukla

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of Spin-Flip Probabilities For Ultracold Neutrons Interacting With Nickel Phosphorus Coated Surfaces, Zhaowen Tang, Evan Robert Adamek, Aaron Brandt, Nathan Brannan Callahan, Steven M. Clayton, Scott Allister Currie, Takeyasu M. Ito, Mark F. Makela, Yasuhiro Masuda, Christopher L. Morris, Robert Wayne Pattie, John Clinton Ramsey, Daniel J. Salvat, Daniel J. Salvat, Alexander Saunders, Albert R. Young

Robert W. Pattie Jr.

Interrogating Metabolism In Brain Cancer, Travis Salzillo, Jingzhe Hu, Linda Nguyen, Nicholas Whiting, Jaehyuk Lee, Joseph Weygand, Prasanta Dutta, Shivanand Pudakalakatti, Niki Zacharias Millward, Seth Gammon, Frederick F. Lang, Amy B. Heimberger, Pratip Bhattacharya

Nicholas Whiting

Magnetic-Field-Induced Alignment-To-Orientation Conversion In Sodium, G. Schinn, Xianming Han

Xianming Han

We report a detailed investigation of excited-state alignment-to-orientation conversion in the presence of an external magnetic field. This counterintuitive phenomenon occurs under intermediate-coupling conditions. A weak, linearly polarized, cw laser beam was used to excite and align the Na 3P3/2 state in an atomic beam along the z direction. The degree of circular polarization of the resulting fluorescence was detected along the z direction as a function of magnetic-field strength. The spectrally integrated transitions originating from individual F levels of the 3S1/2 state yield a maximum circular-polarization fraction of ∼40%; integrating the circular polarization over all the allowed 3S1/2-3P3/2 transitions …

Differential, Partial Cross Sections For Electron Excitation Of The Sodium 3p State, Xianming Han, G. W. Schwinn, A. Gallagher

Xianming Han

Using a powerful laser-based experimental method, the cross section for electron excitation of Na(3S) atoms to the Na(3P) state has been decomposed into partial components with respect to changes in the spin and angular momentum of the atomic electron, and these partial cross sections are further reduced to their differential character with respect to the electron scattering angle. Partial, differential cross sections are reported for electron collision energies from threshold 2.1 to 3.6 eV, and compared to available calculations.

Collision Induced Superfluorescence, A. Kumarakrishnan, Siddharaj Chudasama, Xianming Han

Xianming Han

We have studied superfluorescence (SF) in Ca vapor evolving on the 3d4s3DJ-4s4p3PJ−1 transitions at 1.9 mm by exciting the 4s21S0-4s4p1P1 with a pulsed dye laser. SF is generated following population transfer by spinchanging collisions with an inert gas Ar from the 4s4p1P1 and 3d4s1D2 levels. We show for the first time to our knowledge that the time delay for SF evolution follows the 1/ÎN dependence expected for the case of uniform excitation of the vapor column by collisional transfer. Here, N is the number of participating atoms that was measured directly from the photon yield. The measured photon yield for …

Superfluorescence Polarization: Signature Of Collisional Redistribution, A. Kumarakrishnan, S. Chudasama, Xianming Han

Xianming Han

We have studied effects of magnetic sublevel degeneracy on the polarization of superfluorescent pulses generated on the Ca 4s4p1P1–3d4s1D2 transition at 5.5μm. These pulses were generated from a cell of length 50 cm by optically pumping calcium vapor on the 4s21S0–4s4p1P1 transition in the presence of Ar gas. The axis of ellipticity of superfluorescence (SF) polarization is oriented parallel to the axis of the pump-laser polarization at large detunings, and undergoes an abrupt rotation through 90° for detunings close to resonance. The distribution of populations in the magnetic sublevels of the 1P1 state can be estimated using a simple model …

Diamond Growth Reactor Chemistry And Film Nucleation Enhancement Using Chlorinated Hydrocarbons, James Chenault, Charles Feigerle, Xianming Han, Robert Shaw

Xianming Han

The chemistry of diamond film growth from chlorinated hydrocarbons has been investigated using a hot filament reactor coupled to an orifice sampling mass spectrometer. The relative concentrations of the species present near the growth surface have been determined as a function of filament temperature for dilute mixtures of CH4, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 in H2. Mass spectral analysis indicated that chlorinated hydrocarbons are sequentially dechlorinated in the presence of hydrogen at moderate reactor temperatures. A dark film was deposited on all surfaces of the reactor during studies of this dechlorination of CHCl3. Raman analysis indicated that these deposits are small …