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Articles 1 - 30 of 149
Full-Text Articles in Meteorology
An Empirical Examination Of The Environmental Variability That Impacted Supercell Evolution, Longevity, And Severe Weather Production On 22 May 2019 In Oklahoma, Kyle D. Pittman
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Mesoscale environmental heterogeneity can have significant impacts on thunderstorm organization, evolution, longevity, and severe weather production. This study examines the 22 May 2019 thunderstorm event in Oklahoma, where a relatively broad area of strong instability and vertical wind shear existed along a synoptic boundary and in the open warm sector that would seem to support long-lived supercells and tornadoes. There were two particularly dangerous situation (PDS) tornado watches issued during the event, but few severe reports and no tornadoes formed in the watch that covered the southwestern portion of the state. Several tornadic supercells and many more severe reports occurred …
A Model-Based Exploratory Study Of Sulfur Dioxide Dispersions From Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations In The Southeastern United States, Jesse Winchester, Rezaul Mahmood, William Rodgers, Philip J. Silva, Nanh Lovanh, Joshua D. Durkee, John Loughrin
A Model-Based Exploratory Study Of Sulfur Dioxide Dispersions From Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations In The Southeastern United States, Jesse Winchester, Rezaul Mahmood, William Rodgers, Philip J. Silva, Nanh Lovanh, Joshua D. Durkee, John Loughrin
HPRCC Personnel Publications
In the Southeastern U. S. there are Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) that emit a variety of gases, including SO2. Sulfur is emitted as reduced sulfur compounds and can react in the atmosphere to produce SO2. It is expected that the concentration and spread of SO2 emissions from these sources would differ between wet and dry periods. In this research, SO2 emissions from locations representing CAFOs and its dispersion over the southeastern U.S. were simulated through sensitivity experiments using the Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF- Chem) model. Simulations were performed for dry periods and …
Statement Of World Aquatic Scientific Societies On The Need To Take Urgent Action Against Human-Caused Climate Change, Based On Scientific Evidence [Dear Colleague Letter], Scott A. Bonar, Brian R. Murphy, Leanne H. Roulson, Jesse T. Trushenski, Douglas J. Austen, Michael Edward Douglas
Statement Of World Aquatic Scientific Societies On The Need To Take Urgent Action Against Human-Caused Climate Change, Based On Scientific Evidence [Dear Colleague Letter], Scott A. Bonar, Brian R. Murphy, Leanne H. Roulson, Jesse T. Trushenski, Douglas J. Austen, Michael Edward Douglas
United States Fish and Wildlife: Staff Publications
Dear Colleague Letter from the American Fisheries Society to fellow scientific societies, July 25, 2020, about the urgent need for responsive collective action to mitigate impending radical climate change. Includes the Statement of World Aquatic Scientific Societies on the Need to Take Urgent Action Against Human-Caused Climate Change, Based on Scientific Evidence, emphasizing the importance of aquatic ecosystems. Includes extensive citations and notes.
"Water is the most important natural resource on Earth as it is vital for life. Aquatic ecosystems, freshwater or marine, provide multiple benefits to human society, such as provisioning of oxygen, food, drinking water, genetic resources; regulation …
A Hydrometeorological Assessment Of The Historic 2019 Flood Of Nebraska, Iowa, And South Dakota, Paul Xavier Flanagan, Rezaul Mahmood, Natalie Umphlett, Erin M.K. Haacker, Chittaranjan Ray, Bill Sorensen, Martha Shulski, Crystal J. Stiles, David Pearson, Paul Fajman
A Hydrometeorological Assessment Of The Historic 2019 Flood Of Nebraska, Iowa, And South Dakota, Paul Xavier Flanagan, Rezaul Mahmood, Natalie Umphlett, Erin M.K. Haacker, Chittaranjan Ray, Bill Sorensen, Martha Shulski, Crystal J. Stiles, David Pearson, Paul Fajman
HPRCC Personnel Publications
During early 2019, a series of events set the stage for devastating floods in eastern Nebraska, western Iowa, and southeastern South Dakota. When the floodwaters hit, dams and levees failed, cutting off towns, while destroying roads, bridges, and rail lines, further exacerbating the crisis. Lives were lost and thousands of cattle were stranded. Estimates indicate that the cost of the flooding has topped $3 billion as of August 2019, with this number expected to rise.
After a warm and wet start to winter, eastern Nebraska, western Iowa, and southeastern South Dakota endured anomalously low temperatures and record-breaking snowfall. By March …
What Is The U.S. Drought Monitor?, National Drought Mitigation Center
What Is The U.S. Drought Monitor?, National Drought Mitigation Center
National Drought Mitigation Center: Publications
The USDA uses the map as a trigger for programs that help agricultural producers recover from drought and other natural disasters:
Livestock Forage Disaster Program (LFP)
Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees, and Farm Raised Fish Program (ELAP)
Fast-Track Secretarial Disaster Declarations
Emergency Loans Program
The U.S. Drought Monitor Network: Improving Drought Early Warning, The U.S. Drought Monitor Network
The U.S. Drought Monitor Network: Improving Drought Early Warning, The U.S. Drought Monitor Network
National Drought Mitigation Center: Publications
WHAT IS THE U.S. DROUGHT MONITOR NETWORK?
WHO ARE THE OBSERVERS?
WHAT BENEFITS?
The network in action
HOW DOES IT WORK?
WHO CREATES THE MAP?
Building Adaptive Capacity In Tribal Communities Of The Missouri River Basin To Manage Drought And Climate Extremes: A Case Study From The Wind River Indian Reservation, Crystal J. Stiles, Natalie Umphlett, Mitch Cottenoir
Building Adaptive Capacity In Tribal Communities Of The Missouri River Basin To Manage Drought And Climate Extremes: A Case Study From The Wind River Indian Reservation, Crystal J. Stiles, Natalie Umphlett, Mitch Cottenoir
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Native American peoples of the Northern and Central Plains have long endured harsh climate conditions, such as floods and droughts, and they possess valuable traditional knowledges that have enhanced their resilience to these extreme events. However, in recent times, limited capacity to adapt to a rapidly changing climate combined with a lack of resources have increased tribes’ vulnerability to climate extremes and their associated impacts. In response, a number of projects have been developed to assist tribes with their self-identified climate- and drought-related needs, particularly in the context of on-reservation decision-making. In this case study, we present an engagement strategy …
A Design For A Sustained Assessment Of Climate Forcing And Feedbacks Related To Land Use And Land Cover Change, Thomas Loveland, Rezaul Mahmood
A Design For A Sustained Assessment Of Climate Forcing And Feedbacks Related To Land Use And Land Cover Change, Thomas Loveland, Rezaul Mahmood
HPRCC Personnel Publications
L and use and land cover change (LULCC) plays an important role in the climate system. Many studies have documented the impacts of LULCC on local, regional, and global climate. The National Climate Assessment Report (Melillo et al. 2014) identifies LULCC as a “cross cutting” issue of future climate change studies. This report, and the previous U.S. Climate Change Science Program strategic plan (2003), noted that land use and land cover (LULC) and its feedback is an important source of uncertainty within the climate system (Melillo et al. 2014). As a result, the report calls for a better understanding of …
Assessing Agricultural Risk Management Using Historic Crop Insurance Loss Data Over The Ogallala Aquifer, Julian Reyes, Emile Elias, Erin M.K. Haacker, Amy Kremen, Lauren Parker, Caitlin Rottler
Assessing Agricultural Risk Management Using Historic Crop Insurance Loss Data Over The Ogallala Aquifer, Julian Reyes, Emile Elias, Erin M.K. Haacker, Amy Kremen, Lauren Parker, Caitlin Rottler
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
Much of the agricultural production in the Ogallala Aquifer region relies on groundwater for irrigation. In addition to declining water levels, weather and climate-driven events affect crop yields and revenues. Crop insurance serves as a risk management tool to mitigate these perils. Here, we seek to understand what long-term crop insurance loss data can tell us about agricultural risk management in the Ogallala. We assess patterns and trends in crop insurance loss data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Risk Management Agency. Indemnities, or insurance payments, totaled $22 billion from 1989–2017 for the 161 counties that overlie the Ogallala Aquifer. …
Droughtscape- 2019 Winter, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape- 2019 Winter, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
Contents
From the Director.......... 2
4th quarter climate summary......... 3
2019 year in review summary.......... 5
4th quarter drought impact summary.......... 7
2019 drought impact summary..........9
New form helps ‘see more’ drought............ 11
Landscape photographers invited to submit photos............ 12
Helping Central and South America planning........... 13 Database includes more drought planning.......... 14
Umphlett Qci Dec 2019, Natalie A. Umphlett
Umphlett Qci Dec 2019, Natalie A. Umphlett
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Highlights for the Basin
Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies
Soil Moisture Conditions
Agriculture
Energy
Infrastructure
Temperature
Precipitation
Umphlett Qci Sept 2019, Natalie Umphlett
Umphlett Qci Sept 2019, Natalie Umphlett
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Highlights for the Basin
Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies
Soil Moisture Conditions
Delayed/Prevented Planting
Forage Production
Infrastructure
Temperature
Precipitation
A Technical Overview Of The Kentucky Mesonet, Rezaul Mahmood, Megan Schargorodski, Stuart Foster, Andrew Quilligan
A Technical Overview Of The Kentucky Mesonet, Rezaul Mahmood, Megan Schargorodski, Stuart Foster, Andrew Quilligan
HPRCC Personnel Publications
The Kentucky Mesonet is a research-grade weather and climate observing network with redundant sensors that monitors the near-surface atmosphere at 71 locations across Kentucky. The network measures temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, relative humidity, barometric pressure, and wind speed and direction every 5 min, with soil moisture and soil temperature measured every 30 min. In addition, it operates a camera at selected locations. All observations are transmitted via cellular modem every 5 min and become available to the general public through the World Wide Web within seconds after arrival at Kentucky Mesonet’s Network Operations Center. In between arriving at the IT …
Investigation Of Grace-Derived Information On Forest Drought Stress Across The Contiguous Us, Beichen Zhang
Investigation Of Grace-Derived Information On Forest Drought Stress Across The Contiguous Us, Beichen Zhang
School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This research derives z-score monthly groundwater storage (GWS) anomalies and z-score monthly root zone soil moisture (RZSM) anomalies from products of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Data Assimilation (GRACE-DA). Z-score monthly GWS and RZSM anomalies are compared to two drought indicators: Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to investigate the usefulness of GRACE-DA information to detect drought conditions at tree-ring sites. This study also compares z-score monthly GWS and RZSM anomalies with the Tree Ring Standardized Growth Index (TRSGI) that is resampled by bootstrapping to investigate the capability of monitoring forest drought stress. Finally, this research uses …
Droughtscape- 2019 Fall, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape- 2019 Fall, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
Contents
From the Director........ 2
Quarterly drought summary........ 3
Quarterly drought impacts........ 6
Ranchers delayed response to drought....... 8
Drought Monitor celebrates 20 years............ 9
Drought Monitor state impact tables........... 11
Directorcontributesto U.N.droughtproject........... 12
Updated Drought Risk Atlas........... 13
New fact sheet lists recovery resources........... 14
Droughtscape- 2019 Summer, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape- 2019 Summer, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
Contents
From the Director.......... 2
Quarterly drought summary........... 3
Quarterly drought impacts.......... 5
NDMC welcomes African visitors.......... 7
Ready for Drought game debuts............ 8
U.S. Virgin Islands added to USDM.......... 9
Australian programmer visits NDMC......... 10
Upcoming events......... 10
Partnerships with NDMC extended............ 11
Umphlett Qci June 2019, Natalie Umphlett
Umphlett Qci June 2019, Natalie Umphlett
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Highlights for the Basin
Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies
Soil Moisture Conditions
Delayed/Prevented Planting
Impacts to Cattle
Damage to Infrastructure
Temperature
Precipitation
Droughtscape- Spring 2019, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape- Spring 2019, Cory Matteson
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
Contents
From the director............... 2
Wet and cool conditions bring drought relief to the West................ 3
Notable numbers from Q1.................. 5
Drought impact summary, 1st quarter 2019................ 6
New research examines drought effects on state recreation areas................ 8
At Ethiopian space science workshop, NDMC climatologist sees promise in preparing for drought.......... 9
U.S.- affiliated Pacific Islands now part of U.S. Drought Monitor.............. 11
Water conservation tips for drought, flood and other disasters.............. 12
Upcoming events..............13
Umphlett Qci March 2019, Natalie Umphlett
Umphlett Qci March 2019, Natalie Umphlett
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Highlights for the Basin
Temperature Anomalies
Plains Snowpack
Agriculture
Energy
Transportation
Temperature
Precipitation
Enhancing Acis Maps: Increasing Usability Through A Gis Portal, Natalie Umphlett, Warren Pettee, Bill Sorensen, Crystal J. Stiles
Enhancing Acis Maps: Increasing Usability Through A Gis Portal, Natalie Umphlett, Warren Pettee, Bill Sorensen, Crystal J. Stiles
HPRCC Personnel Publications
The High Plains Regional Climate Center (HPRCC) is one of six NOAA Regional Climate Centers (RCCs) in the United States that aims to provide timely climate data and information to the public for cost-effective decision-making. As part of a three-tiered approach to climate services, the RCCs address needs on the national, regional, state, and local scales for a variety of sectors including agriculture, energy, natural resource management, research, transportation, and water resources. Working together, the RCCs develop and disseminate a wide range of valueadded climate products and services.
One of the HPRCC’s most popular products is the Applied Climate Information …
Drought Scenario-Based Exercises: A Research- And Experience-Based Reference Document, Deborah Bathke, Tonya Haigh, Tonya Bernadt, Nicole Wall
Drought Scenario-Based Exercises: A Research- And Experience-Based Reference Document, Deborah Bathke, Tonya Haigh, Tonya Bernadt, Nicole Wall
National Drought Mitigation Center: Publications
Contents
Acknowledgements.............................................................................. 1
Contents ................................................................................... 2
1.Introduction......................................................................................4
Objectives .............................................................................................................. 4
Format ................................................................................................................ 5
2. Drought and the Benefits of Preparation .................................................. 6
Drought Basics .................................................. 6
The Effects of Drought ................................................................................. 7
Preparing for Drought ............................................................................................... 9
Scenario Planning and Exercises ................................................................... 10
Influence Of Land Cover And Soil Moisture Based Brown Ocean Effect On An Extreme Rainfall Event From A Louisiana Gulf Coast Tropical System, Udaysankar S. Nair, Eric Rappin, Emily Foshee, Warren Smith, Roger A. Pielke Sr., Rezaul Mahmood, Jonathan L. Case, Clay B. Blankenship, Marshall Shepherd, Joseph A. Santanello, Dev Niyogi
Influence Of Land Cover And Soil Moisture Based Brown Ocean Effect On An Extreme Rainfall Event From A Louisiana Gulf Coast Tropical System, Udaysankar S. Nair, Eric Rappin, Emily Foshee, Warren Smith, Roger A. Pielke Sr., Rezaul Mahmood, Jonathan L. Case, Clay B. Blankenship, Marshall Shepherd, Joseph A. Santanello, Dev Niyogi
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Extreme flooding over southern Louisiana in mid-August of 2016 resulted from an unusual tropical low that formed and intensified over land. We used numerical experiments to highlight the role of the ‘Brown Ocean’ effect (where saturated soils function similar to a warm ocean surface) on intensification and it’s modulation by land cover change. A numerical modeling experiment that successfully captured the flood event (control) was modified to alter moisture availability by converting wetlands to open water, wet croplands, and dry croplands. Storm evolution in the control experiment with wet antecedent soils most resembles tropical lows that form and intensify over …
Conducting A Drought-Specific Thira (Threat And Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment): A Powerful Tool For Integrating All-Hazard Mitigation And Drought Planning Efforts To Increase Drought Mitigation Quality, Elliot Wickham, Deborah J. Bathke, Tarik Abdel-Monem, Tonya K. Bernadt, Denise Bulling, Lisa M. Pytlikzillig, Crystal J. Stiles, Nicole Wall
Conducting A Drought-Specific Thira (Threat And Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment): A Powerful Tool For Integrating All-Hazard Mitigation And Drought Planning Efforts To Increase Drought Mitigation Quality, Elliot Wickham, Deborah J. Bathke, Tarik Abdel-Monem, Tonya K. Bernadt, Denise Bulling, Lisa M. Pytlikzillig, Crystal J. Stiles, Nicole Wall
HPRCC Personnel Publications
In the United States, drought is the second costliest natural disaster, which leads to the need for increased drought mitigation efforts over time. However, drought planning has lagged behind other hazard mitigation efforts, which is likely due to the lack of a national drought planning policy. Although the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) requires all jurisdictions have a hazard mitigation plan (HMP) to receive pre-disaster mitigation funds, drought has only recently been a requirement in HMPs. In 2012, Nebraska witnessed its worse drought in recent history, which exposed the gaps in drought planning effectiveness at all jurisdictional levels. To address …
Droughtscape- 2019 Winter, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape- 2019 Winter, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
Contents
From the director.............. 2
Drought intensified in California and Nevada, eased elsewhere............. 3
Year in Review: Drought spread and intensified in the West; record precipitation in the East.............. 5
Drought impact summary for 4th quarter 2018........... 6
Drought impact summary 2018............ 8
Five states began drought plan updates in 2018................. 10
New web-based form makes submitting drought observations easier............ 12
FEMA risk assessment process tailored for drought............... 14
Upcoming events...............14
The Total Solar Eclipse Of 2017: Meteorological Observations From A Statewide Mesonet And Atmospheric Profiling Systems, Rezaul Mahmood, Megan Schargorodski, Eric Rappin, Melissa Griffin, Patrick Collins, Kevin Knupp, Andrew Quilligan, Ryan Wade, Kevin Cary, Stuart Foster
The Total Solar Eclipse Of 2017: Meteorological Observations From A Statewide Mesonet And Atmospheric Profiling Systems, Rezaul Mahmood, Megan Schargorodski, Eric Rappin, Melissa Griffin, Patrick Collins, Kevin Knupp, Andrew Quilligan, Ryan Wade, Kevin Cary, Stuart Foster
HPRCC Personnel Publications
A total solar eclipse traversed 37 the continental United States on August 21, 2017. It 38 was the first such event in 99 years and provided a rare opportunity to observe the atmospheric response from a variety of instrumented observational platforms. This paper discusses the high quality observations collected by the Kentucky Mesonet (www.kymesonet.org), a research-grade meteorological and climatological observation network consisting of 72 stations and measuring air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, and wind direction. The network samples the atmosphere, for most variables, every three seconds and then calculates and records observations every five minutes. During …
Irrigation Impacts On Minimum And Maximum Surface Moist Enthalpy In The Central Great Plains Of The Usa, Tianyi Zhang, Rezaul Mahmood, Xiaomao Lin, Roger A. Pielke Sr.
Irrigation Impacts On Minimum And Maximum Surface Moist Enthalpy In The Central Great Plains Of The Usa, Tianyi Zhang, Rezaul Mahmood, Xiaomao Lin, Roger A. Pielke Sr.
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Agricultural activities notably alter weather and climate including near-surface heat content. However, past research primarily focused on dry bulb temperature without considering the role of water vapor (dew point temperature) on surface air heat content. When using dry bulb temperature trends to assess these changes, for example, not including concurrent trends in absolute humidity can lead to errors in the actual rate of warming or cooling. Here we examined minimum and maximum surface moist enthalpy, which can be expressed as “equivalent temperature.” Using hourly climate data in the Central Great Plains (Nebraska and Kansas) from 1990 to 2014, the averages …
Role Of Sea Surface Temperatures In Forcing Circulation Anomalies Driving U.S. Great Plains Pluvial Years, Paul X. Flanagan, Jeffrey B. Basara, Jason C. Furtado, Elinor R. Martin, Xiangming Xiao
Role Of Sea Surface Temperatures In Forcing Circulation Anomalies Driving U.S. Great Plains Pluvial Years, Paul X. Flanagan, Jeffrey B. Basara, Jason C. Furtado, Elinor R. Martin, Xiangming Xiao
HPRCC Personnel Publications
In the U.S. Great Plains (GP), diagnosing precipitation variability is key in developing an understanding of the present and future availability of water in the region. Building on previous work investigating U.S. GP pluvial years, this study usesERAtwentieth century (ERA-20C) reanalysis data to investigate key circulation anomalies driving GP precipitation anomalies during a subset of GP pluvial years (called in this paper Pattern pluvial years). With previous research showing links between tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and GP climate variability, this study diagnoses the key circulation anomalies through an analysis of SSTs and their influence on the atmosphere. …
Umphlett Qci Dec 2018, Natalie A. Umphlett
Umphlett Qci Dec 2018, Natalie A. Umphlett
HPRCC Personnel Publications
Highlights for the Basin
Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies
Mountain Snowpack
Water Resources and Drought
Agriculture
Temperature
Precipitation
The Nebraska Mesonet: Technical Overview Of An Automated State Weather Network, Martha Shulski, Stonie Cooper, Glen Roebke, Allen L. Dutcher
The Nebraska Mesonet: Technical Overview Of An Automated State Weather Network, Martha Shulski, Stonie Cooper, Glen Roebke, Allen L. Dutcher
School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications
The Nebraska Mesonet was established in 1981 as one of the nation’s first automated state weather networks. ‘‘Automated’’ is defined by the nature of the observations being made and recorded by machine, as opposed to observations made and recorded manually. At the time of inception, the five observing locations were geared toward servicing agricultural production applications. The Nebraska Mesonet has grown to 69 stations (as of 2018) and is now a multipurpose environmental observing network under the Nebraska State Climate Office (NSCO). The network is composed of environmental observation stations, sited using best practices for mesoscale and microscale environment situations. …
Droughtscape- 2018 Fall, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape- 2018 Fall, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
Contents
From the director.............. 2
Drought greatly improves in Southern Plains and South............. 3
Texas, Missouri, and Colorado logged late-summer impacts.............. 5
Memory, remote sensing and a new research methodology............. 8
Navigating the U.S. Drought Monitor......... 9
Planners discuss the barriers to effective drought mitigation planning............ 12
Exploring climate issues from a county management perspective.............. 13
Strategic Framework for Drought Risk Management and Enhancing Resilience in Africa..................... 14
Mena global policy forum looks from data to mitigation............. 15
About us............17
State-by-state drought classification table developed by NDMC graduate student........19