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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

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Articles 211 - 240 of 531

Full-Text Articles in Fresh Water Studies

Quantification Of Land-Use Impact On Stream Water Quality, Scott Dennis, Indrajeet Chaubey, Brian Haggard Jan 2002

Quantification Of Land-Use Impact On Stream Water Quality, Scott Dennis, Indrajeet Chaubey, Brian Haggard

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Accelerated eutrophication of Beaver Lake in northwest Arkansas is a major environmental concern. When developing watershed-management plans to protect lake water quality, it is important that linkages among land-use activities and water quality of tributary streams be quantified. This study assessed longitudinal base-flow and storm-flow water quality at War Eagle Creek and quantified linkages between stream water quality and land-use conditions within the War Eagle Creek sub-watershed of the Beaver Lake watershed. We collected six water samples: three from base-flow conditions and three from storm-flow conditions during Spring 2002. In general, concentrations of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total N (TN), total …

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Illinois River 2000 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens Oct 2001

Illinois River 2000 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Automatic water samplers and a U. S. Geological Survey gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2000

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Application Of Neuro-Fuzzy Technique+2:9s To Predict Ground Water Vulnerability In Northwest Arkansas, B. Dixon, H. D. Scott, J. V. Brahana, A. Mauromoustakos Jul 2001

Application Of Neuro-Fuzzy Technique+2:9s To Predict Ground Water Vulnerability In Northwest Arkansas, B. Dixon, H. D. Scott, J. V. Brahana, A. Mauromoustakos

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Contamination of ground water has been a major concern in recent years of local, state and federal agencies involved with the management, quality, and quantity of water and their relationships with human health. The Springfield Plateau aquifer, which lies beneath the study area in northwest Arkansas, has been shown to have higher nitrate-N (NO3-N) concentrations than the national median. The dominant landuse (LULC) of this area is agriculture (primarily pasture/cattle and woodlands) and an encroaching urbanization. The major sources of nitrogen in the study area are poultry/cattle wastes, inorganic fertilizers (Peterson et. al., 1998) and septic filter fields. Many of …

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Protection Of Cave Spring Cave Biota And Groundwater Basin, G. O. Graening, A. V. Brown Jun 2001

Protection Of Cave Spring Cave Biota And Groundwater Basin, G. O. Graening, A. V. Brown

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This is the fourth in a series of reports on the status of endangered biota and of environmental quality in Cave Springs Cave (CSC), Benton County, Arkansas (Brown et al., 1998; Graening and Brown, 1999, 2000), funded by the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission (ANHC). As a result of these studies, Cave Springs Cave is now one of the most thoroughly studied cave ecosystems in Arkansas. This series of studies has spawned a renewed interest in cave ecosystems and their vulnerable condition. There are now many projects focusing upon the documentation of subterranean biodiversity and its protection. Partners include the Arkansas …

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Addressing Uncertainty In Tmdls: Short Course At Arkansas Water Resources Center 2001 Annual Conference, Marty Matlock, Matthew Murawski Apr 2001

Addressing Uncertainty In Tmdls: Short Course At Arkansas Water Resources Center 2001 Annual Conference, Marty Matlock, Matthew Murawski

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Management of a critical natural resource like water requires information on the status of that resource. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported in the 1998 National Water Quality Inventory that more than 291,000 miles of assessed rivers and streams and 5 million acres of lakes do not meet State water quality standards. This inventory represents a compilation of State assessments of 840,000 miles of rivers and 17.4 million acres of lakes; a 22 percent increase in river miles and 4 percent increase in lake acres over their 1996 reports. Siltation, bacteria, nutrients and metals were the leading pollutants of …

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Determination Of Nutrient Loads In Upper Moore's Creek 2000, M. A. Nelson, W. L. Cash, K. F. Steele Mar 2001

Determination Of Nutrient Loads In Upper Moore's Creek 2000, M. A. Nelson, W. L. Cash, K. F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Determination Of The Pollutant Loads In The Kings River Near Berryville, Thomas S. Soerens, Marc A. Nelson Mar 2001

Determination Of The Pollutant Loads In The Kings River Near Berryville, Thomas S. Soerens, Marc A. Nelson

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

An automatic sampler and a U.S. Geological Swvey (USGS) gauging station were established in 1998 and water quality sampling was begun in 1999 on the Kings River near Benyville, Arkansas. Continuous stage and discharge measurements and frequent water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in t11e river. In addition, ten samples were taken by Arkansas Water Resources Center (A WRC) concurrently with USGS samples in order to assess whether A WRC and USGS samples can be compared. This report presents the results from the sampling and analysis for January 1, I999 to December 31, 1999. …

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Demonstration Of Best Management Practices For The Protection And Improvement Of The Soil And Water Resources In The Arkansas Delta, M. A. Henslee, W. H. Baker, S. D. Carroll, J. L. Farris, S. D. Davis, C. D. Milam, J. L. Pierce Feb 2001

Demonstration Of Best Management Practices For The Protection And Improvement Of The Soil And Water Resources In The Arkansas Delta, M. A. Henslee, W. H. Baker, S. D. Carroll, J. L. Farris, S. D. Davis, C. D. Milam, J. L. Pierce

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This report is the compilation of a multi~year project that was directed at identifying the impact and possible mitigation solutions of non-point pollution from row crop agriculture in a watershed in the Arkansas Delta. The first part of the project involved an inventory of the condition of the major streams that make up the study watershed. The remainder of the project was focused at demonstrating and reporting best management nutrient and sediment runoff control practices (BMP) that could be implemented. The final assessment of the demonstration work is a GIS analysis that provides an overview of the effectiveness of these …

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Empirical Model For The Variarion In Concentration Of Metal Ions During A Precipitation Event, David M. Chittenden Ii, Julie D. Chittenden Jan 2001

Empirical Model For The Variarion In Concentration Of Metal Ions During A Precipitation Event, David M. Chittenden Ii, Julie D. Chittenden

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The concentration of a pollutant in an air mass and the concentration of that pollutant in a series of rain water samples from a single event within that air mass, fluctuate during the course of the event. This the result of scavenging, diffusion, and advection processes. A simple mathematical model, containing only a scavenging term has had limited success in describing changes of concentration in rain water. To date, no attempt has been made to include diffusion or advection terms in the model. In this study, a two factor model was developed after determining that (1) the exponential scavenging term …

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Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan Jan 2001

Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The reproductive cycle, food habits, and age and growth of the river shiner, Notropis blennius (Girard), in the Arkansas River of western Arkansas were studied from May 1996 through October 1997. Based on gonadosomatic indices and mean ovumd iameters of females, tubercle development in males, and the first appearance of young-of-year in samples, the breeding season extended from June through August in both 1996 and 1997. The river shiner is a diurnal, generalist feeder that forages on a wide variety of food items. In all four seasons, detritus dominated the diets of adults and juveniles in terms of volume and …

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Moisture Determination By Thermal Titrimetry Using The Enthalpy Of Reaction Of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane With Water, Edmond W. Wilson Jr., Reagan Baber Jan 2001

Moisture Determination By Thermal Titrimetry Using The Enthalpy Of Reaction Of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane With Water, Edmond W. Wilson Jr., Reagan Baber

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Assays for water content can be readily and simply carried out using the technique of thermal titrations. The method is based on measuring the endothermic heat of reaction exhibited when 2,2-dimethoxypropane is brought into contact with water in the presence of an acid catalyst. The apparatus is simple, requiring a constant delivery rate buret, a recording thermistor thermometer, and a stirred, thermally insulated reaction container. The 2,2-dimethoxypropane reagent used for the water assays is environmentally friendly ("green"). It is stable, pleasant smelling and economical. Working curves in three solvents, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, show excellent precision and linearity with increasing …

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Plasmid Analysis Of Bacteria That Metabolize The Detergent Igepon, Russell O. Nordeen, Thetsu Mon, David Gilmore Jan 2001

Plasmid Analysis Of Bacteria That Metabolize The Detergent Igepon, Russell O. Nordeen, Thetsu Mon, David Gilmore

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Upper White River Bmp Implementation Project (Nps Final Report), Paul F. Vendrell, K. F. Steele, M. A. Nelson, R. W. Mcnew Dec 2000

Upper White River Bmp Implementation Project (Nps Final Report), Paul F. Vendrell, K. F. Steele, M. A. Nelson, R. W. Mcnew

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The project objective was to monitor agricultural best management practices implemented to minimize sediment, nutrient, and bacterial impact on water quality of the Upper White River watershed. The project targeted the primary agricultural causes of non-point source nutrient and bacterial pollution in three sub-basins of the White River in the Beaver Lake Watershed. Areas with high animal densities targeted high source areas. High source areas were treated with best management practices (BMP) in an effort to reduce the impact to the White River and Beaver Lake. The predominant BMP implemented was waste management, a component of the farm nutrient management …

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Extended Water Quality Monitoring Of The Lincoln Lake Watershed, Paul F. Vendrell, K. F. Steele, M. A. Nelson, L. W. Cash, R. W. Ncnew Dec 2000

Extended Water Quality Monitoring Of The Lincoln Lake Watershed, Paul F. Vendrell, K. F. Steele, M. A. Nelson, L. W. Cash, R. W. Ncnew

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

For seven years, the Lincoln Lake (Moores Creek and Beatty Branch) watershed was monitored for improvements in water quality resulting from agricultural best management practices (BMP) implemented to reduce nutrient transport. During the first three years of monitoring (1991 to 1994), nitrogen transport declined significantly (Edwards et al., 1994, 1996, and 1997) under both base and storm flow conditions. This decline in nitrogen transport was again observed in the three-year period following 1994 (Vendrell et al. 1998). This monitoring effort has demonstrated that water quality bas improved in the Lincoln Lake watershed. However, since the nitrogen transport continued to decline …

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Improving Water Quality Through Bmps For Crop Production Systems Whole Farm Soil And Water Management, J. T. Gilmour, L. R. Frye, N. A. Slaton Dec 2000

Improving Water Quality Through Bmps For Crop Production Systems Whole Farm Soil And Water Management, J. T. Gilmour, L. R. Frye, N. A. Slaton

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The major objective of this demonstration project was to assess the usefulness of Global Positioning Systems/Geographic Information Systems (GPS/GIS), water testing, soil testing and yield monitoring in a whole farm water and soil management plan. An important part of this objective was to make recommendations to increase crop productivity and decrease the potential for surface water degradation through erosion and runoff at the farm. The farm was located on 2400 acres in the Bayou de View watershed in Monroe County, Arkansas. The farm lies approximately five miles southwest of the town of Brinkley straddling Highway 17 just south of its …

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Proceedings Of The Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Conference: Environmental Hydrology, Kenneth F. Steele Nov 2000

Proceedings Of The Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Conference: Environmental Hydrology, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The papers and abstracts in these proceedings are the result of a joint conference of the Arkansas Water Resources Center (A WRC) with the SouthCentral Section of the Geological Society of America. The joint conference was a success with about 250 participants. A WRC sponsored two sessions on Environmental Hydrology and a short course titled "Hydrogeology and Geochemistry of Salt Water Contamination." The Environmental Hydrology presentations covered wide-ranging topics that reflect the diversity of the environmental settings across Arkansas. Topics ranged from salt water and critical ground water issues in the Delta to endangered species and interbasin ground-water recharge in …

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Investigation Of Optimum Sample Number And Timing For Determining Pollution Loads, T. S. Soerens, Marc A. Nelson Oct 2000

Investigation Of Optimum Sample Number And Timing For Determining Pollution Loads, T. S. Soerens, Marc A. Nelson

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

In order to determine the impacts of non point source (NPS) pollution and to develop Total Maximum Daily Loads (Tr\tfDLs), accurate measurements of pollution loads in streams are critical. The objectives of this study were to accurately detemline pollutant loads at two sites by intensive storm sampling, to develop sub-sampling and other data analysis techniques, to detemline the effect of sample interval on load calculation accuracy, and to find the minimum sample interval required to determine storm loads at a required accuracy. The two stream sites used were a 1st order and a 3rd order stream in the Illinois River …

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Spatial And Temporal Changes In Land Use And Land Cover From 1988 To 1992 In The Upper White River Watershed, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey Sep 2000

Spatial And Temporal Changes In Land Use And Land Cover From 1988 To 1992 In The Upper White River Watershed, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Changes in Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) in the upper White River Watershed from 1988 to 1992 were analyzed and plotted using the geographic information system known as Geographic Resources Analyses Support System (GRASS). This portion of the White River Watershed includes two sub-basins the East Fork and the Middle Fork. In addition, LULC changes were determined for two smaller sub-basins, Shumate Creek and Cannon Creek, located in the East Fork of the White River. The sources and methods of interpretation of the 1988 and 1992 of data were different. Thus, there were variations in how certain portions of …

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Ground Water In Northwest Arkansas: Minimizing Nutrient Contamination From Non-Point Sources In Karst Terrane, R. K. Davis, J. V. Brahana, J. S. Johnston Sep 2000

Ground Water In Northwest Arkansas: Minimizing Nutrient Contamination From Non-Point Sources In Karst Terrane, R. K. Davis, J. V. Brahana, J. S. Johnston

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The purpose of the project is to evaluate the effectiveness of Best Management Practices (BPMs) in preventing non-point source contamination of the ground-water resources in the karst terrane of northwestern Arkansas. Limestone and dolomite aquifers in the region are highly vulnerable to contamination. Ground-water studies performed in the region during the last two decades indicate degradation of these carbonate aquifers by nutrients and bacteria. The expeditious growth of the poultry industry during this period, in combination with the inordinate population growth of the region constitute a threat to the ground-water resources from both point sources and non-point sources of contamination. …

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Illinois River 1999 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas Higway 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens Sep 2000

Illinois River 1999 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas Higway 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Automatic water samplers and aU. S. Geological Survey gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 1999 to December 31, 1999.

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Economics Of Using On-Farm Reservoirs To Distribute Diverted Surface Water To Depleted Ground Water Areas Of The Southern Mississippi Valley Region, Eric J. Wailes, Kenneth B. Young, James Smartt, Gail L. Cramer Aug 2000

Economics Of Using On-Farm Reservoirs To Distribute Diverted Surface Water To Depleted Ground Water Areas Of The Southern Mississippi Valley Region, Eric J. Wailes, Kenneth B. Young, James Smartt, Gail L. Cramer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Rapid ground water depletion has become a significant problem for parts of the Southern Mississippi River Valley. In 1997, the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission (ASWCC) declared six counties in the Grand Prairie of Arkansas critical ground water areas. A proposed solution to the ground water depletion problem in this region is to divert surplus flows from the White River by a canal system to the farmer stakeholders. To make the system work, on-farm reservoirs will be needed to store and manage the diverted surface water for crop irrigation use during the growing season.

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Pesticide Ground Water Monitoring Project - Phase Vii, Terry Nichols Mar 2000

Pesticide Ground Water Monitoring Project - Phase Vii, Terry Nichols

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Water Resources Issues In The Arkansas Delta, Kenneth F. Steele Jan 2000

Water Resources Issues In The Arkansas Delta, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Despite its location in Northwest Arkansas, the Arkansas Water Resources Center (AWRC) is active state-wide. This fact is underscored by the focus of the Center’s session on "Water Resource Issues in the Arkansas Delta" during its recent joint Conference. Water issues in the Delta include declining water tables, salt water intrusion, and water quality (especially suspended sediment, nitrate and pesticides). Presented papers focused on best management practices for cotton production, economics of on-farm reservoirs, chloride content of irrigation water, and landowner education. The AWRC short course was an excellent one on chemical transport in the vadose zone by Dr. Glenn …

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Physicochemical Characteristics And Macroinvertebrate Assemblages Of Riffles Upstream And Downstream Of A Streambank Impacted By Unrestricted Cattle Access, Ronald L. Johnson, Daniel D. Ward, Richard S. Grippo Jan 2000

Physicochemical Characteristics And Macroinvertebrate Assemblages Of Riffles Upstream And Downstream Of A Streambank Impacted By Unrestricted Cattle Access, Ronald L. Johnson, Daniel D. Ward, Richard S. Grippo

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Riparian zones are important contributors to stream ecosystem health. Alteration of such areas can change stream structure and function, resulting in modified productivity and hydrologic patterns. We studied two riffle sites on the South Fork of the Spring River in Fulton County, AR upstream and downstream of a streambank ostensibly degraded by unrestricted cattle access. The two sites were measured for differences in physical habitat (including bank width, stream velocity, depth, substrate composition, and embeddedness), chemical characteristics (including dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, turbidity and total suspended solids) and biological characteristics (including benthic macroinvertebrate community composition, similarity, and standing crop). Measurements …

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Illinois River 1998 Nutrient And Suspended Sediment Loads At Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens Sep 1999

Illinois River 1998 Nutrient And Suspended Sediment Loads At Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Automatic water samplers and a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 1998 to December 31, 1998.

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Changes In Soil Chemistry Beneath Exposed Poultry House Pads And Manure Storage Areas, Stanley L. Chapman, William R. Teague Jan 1999

Changes In Soil Chemistry Beneath Exposed Poultry House Pads And Manure Storage Areas, Stanley L. Chapman, William R. Teague

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Concerns about nitrates in private drinking water supplies in the older poultry growing areas of Arkansas prompted soil and water testing in the early 1990's. Exposed poultry house pads were recognized as a potential source of nitrates in the groundwater. Soils beneath nine different poultry house pads in five counties were sampled in 10-30 cm increments to bedrock or to a maximum sampling depth of 90 cm. The nine sites had been exposed to natural weathering conditions ranging from never to for more than 20 years. Routine soil tests were conducted by the University of Arkansas Soil Testing Lab at …

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Effects Of Predation On Two Species Of Stream-Dwelling Crayfish (Orconectes Marchandi And Cambarus Hubbsi) In Pool And Riffle Microhabitats, Heidi Dukat, Daniel D. Magoulick Jan 1999

Effects Of Predation On Two Species Of Stream-Dwelling Crayfish (Orconectes Marchandi And Cambarus Hubbsi) In Pool And Riffle Microhabitats, Heidi Dukat, Daniel D. Magoulick

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Community structure may be governed by many abiotic and biotic factors. Of the biotic factors, predation is often considered to be critical in structuring freshwater stream communities. In the Warm Fork of the Spring River, the crayfish Cambarus hubbsi is found mainly in riffles, whereas the crayfish Orconectes marchandi is found in high numbers in pools. We hypothesized that predation, mainly by fish, is a factor causing this segregation. Higher predation rates for C. hubbsi than 0. marchandi in the pools and higher predation rates for 0. marchandi than C. hubbsi in the riffles were expected. A transplant tethering experiment …

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Locating Napls In Ground Water Using Partitioning Fluorescent Dyes, A. Ghanem, J. Smith, M. Elzey, T. S. Soerens, M. A. Miah, G. Thoma Jan 1999

Locating Napls In Ground Water Using Partitioning Fluorescent Dyes, A. Ghanem, J. Smith, M. Elzey, T. S. Soerens, M. A. Miah, G. Thoma

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A major challenge in ground water remediation is locating nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). Partitioning tracers can be used to identify NAPL sources between injection and extraction wells. NAPLs are only slightly soluble in water, pose a long-term source of groundwater contamination, and can be difficult to remove. The complexity of recovery processes requires the development of new technologies that guarantee cost effective methods for locating and quantifying NAPLs. Traditional methods like soil coring have been inefficient since they underestimate the quantity of NAPLs and are expensive. Partitioning tracer tests are some of the most recent methods developed for locating these …

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Completion Report: Arkansas State Plant Board Pesticide Ground Water Monitoring Project - Phase Vi, T. Nichols, P. Vendrell, K. Steele, H. D. Scott, C. Armstrong Nov 1998

Completion Report: Arkansas State Plant Board Pesticide Ground Water Monitoring Project - Phase Vi, T. Nichols, P. Vendrell, K. Steele, H. D. Scott, C. Armstrong

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Field Trip Guide: Illinois River Summary, National Poultry Water Management Symposium, Kenneth F. Steele Oct 1998

Field Trip Guide: Illinois River Summary, National Poultry Water Management Symposium, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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