Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

CCPO Publications

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year

Articles 121 - 150 of 344

Full-Text Articles in Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

The Effects Of Changing Winds And Temperatures On The Oceanography Of The Ross Sea In The 21st Century, Walker O. Smith, Michael S. Dinniman, Eileen E. Hofmann, John M. Klinck Mar 2014

The Effects Of Changing Winds And Temperatures On The Oceanography Of The Ross Sea In The 21st Century, Walker O. Smith, Michael S. Dinniman, Eileen E. Hofmann, John M. Klinck

CCPO Publications

The Ross Sea is critically important in regulating Antarctic sea ice and is biologically productive, which makes changes in the region's physical environment of global concern. We examined the effects of projected changes in atmospheric temperatures and winds on aspects of the ocean circulation likely important to primary production using a high-resolution sea ice-ocean-ice shelf model of the Ross Sea. The modeled summer sea-ice concentrations decreased by 56% by 2050 and 78% by 2100. The duration of shallow mixed layers over the continental shelf increased by 8.5 and 19.2days in 2050 and 2100, and the mean summer mixed layer depths …

Go to article

Cyclostationary Empirical Orthogonal Function Sea-Level Reconstruction, B. D. Hamlington, R. R. Leben, M. W. Strassburg, K.-Y. Kim Jan 2014

Cyclostationary Empirical Orthogonal Function Sea-Level Reconstruction, B. D. Hamlington, R. R. Leben, M. W. Strassburg, K.-Y. Kim

CCPO Publications

Since 1993, satellite altimetry has provided accurate measurements of sea surface height with near-global coverage. These measurements led to the first definitive estimates of global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise and have improved understanding of how sea levels are changing regionally at decadal time scales. These relatively short records, however, provide no information about the state of the ocean prior to 1993, and with the modern altimetry record spanning only 20 years, the lower frequency signals that are known to be present in the ocean are difficult or impossible to resolve. Tide gauges, on the other hand, have measured sea level …

Go to article

Krill, Climate, And Contrasting Future Scenarios For Arctic And Antarctic Fisheries, Margaret M. Mcbride, Padmini Dalpadado, Kenneth F. Drinkwater, Olav Rune Godø, Alistair J. Hobday, Anne B. Hollowed, Trond Kristiansen, Eugene J. Murphy, Patrick H. Ressler, Sam Subbey, Eileen E. Hofmann, Harald Loeng Jan 2014

Krill, Climate, And Contrasting Future Scenarios For Arctic And Antarctic Fisheries, Margaret M. Mcbride, Padmini Dalpadado, Kenneth F. Drinkwater, Olav Rune Godø, Alistair J. Hobday, Anne B. Hollowed, Trond Kristiansen, Eugene J. Murphy, Patrick H. Ressler, Sam Subbey, Eileen E. Hofmann, Harald Loeng

CCPO Publications

Arctic and Antarcticmarine systems have incommon high latitudes, large seasonal changes in light levels, cold air and sea temperatures, and sea ice. In other ways, however, they are strikingly different, including their: age, extent, geological structure, ice stability, and foodweb structure. Both regions contain very rapidly warming areas and climate impacts have been reported, as have dramatic future projections. However, the combined effects of a changing climate on oceanographic processes and foodweb dynamics are likely to influence their future fisheries in very different ways. Differences in the life-history strategies of the key zooplankton species (Antarctic krill in the Southern Ocean …

Go to article

Estimating Sustainable Harvests Of Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, Thomas M. Soniat, Nathan Cooper, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Mahdi Abdelguerfi, Shengru Tu, Roger Mann, Patrick D. Banks Jan 2014

Estimating Sustainable Harvests Of Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, Thomas M. Soniat, Nathan Cooper, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Mahdi Abdelguerfi, Shengru Tu, Roger Mann, Patrick D. Banks

CCPO Publications

Sustainability of a fishery is traditionally and typically considered achieved if the exploited population does not decline in numbers or biomass over time as a result of fishing relative to biological reference point goals. Oysters, however, exhibit atypical population dynamics compared with many other commercial species. The population dynamics often display extreme natural interannual variation in numbers and biomass, and oysters create their own habitat--the reef itself. With the worldwide decline of oyster reef habitat and the oyster fisheries dependent thereon, the maintenance of shell has received renewed attention as essential to population sustainability. We apply a shell budget model …

Go to article

A Comparative Study Of Sea Level Reconstruction Techniques Using 20 Years Of Satellite Altimetry Data, M. W. Strassburg, B. D. Hamlington, R. R. Leben, K.-Y. Kim Jan 2014

A Comparative Study Of Sea Level Reconstruction Techniques Using 20 Years Of Satellite Altimetry Data, M. W. Strassburg, B. D. Hamlington, R. R. Leben, K.-Y. Kim

CCPO Publications

Sea level reconstructions extend spatially dense data sets, such as those from satellite altimetry, by decomposing the data set into basis functions and fitting those functions to in situ tide gauge measurements with a longer temporal record. We compare and evaluate two methods for reconstructing sea level through an idealized study. The compared sea level reconstruction methods differ in the technique for calculating basis functions, i.e., empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) versus cyclostationary EOFs (CSEOFs). Reconstructions are created using Archiving, Validation, and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic (AVISO) satellite altimetry data and synthetic tide gauges. Synthetic tide gauge records are simulated using …

Go to article

Diuron From Maui Sugarcane Field Runoff Is Potentially Harmful To Local Coral Reefs, Thomas C. Royer, Patricia A. Tester, Thomas N. Stewart Jan 2014

Diuron From Maui Sugarcane Field Runoff Is Potentially Harmful To Local Coral Reefs, Thomas C. Royer, Patricia A. Tester, Thomas N. Stewart

CCPO Publications

In a grassroots effort to identify stressors influencing the health of Maui’s coral reefs, samples for the pre- and post-emergent herbicide, Diuron, were taken in July–August 2013, prior to, during, and after the passage of Tropical Storm Flossie on the south central coast of Maui, Hawaii. Diuron is routinely used on sugarcane fields adjacent to Hawaiian coastal waters and is a component of the anti-fouling paint used on small boats. It inhibits photosynthesis of terrestrial plants at concentrations as low as 0.1 parts per billion and can be lethal to endosymbiotic dinoflagellates in corals at concentrations less than 3 parts …

Go to article

Editorial-The 5th International Workshop On Modeling The Ocean (Iwmo 2013), Jarle Berntsen, Lie-Yauw Oey, Tal Ezer, Richard Greatbatch, Huijie Xue, Yasumasa Miyazawa Jan 2014

Editorial-The 5th International Workshop On Modeling The Ocean (Iwmo 2013), Jarle Berntsen, Lie-Yauw Oey, Tal Ezer, Richard Greatbatch, Huijie Xue, Yasumasa Miyazawa

CCPO Publications

The 5th International Workshop on Modeling the Ocean (IWMO http://www.uib.no/en/IWMO2013/-58927/iwmo2013-bergen-norway) was held in June 17–20, in Bergen, Norway. The historic city of Bergen is the gateway to the fjords and a center for oceanic research. The workshop was hosted by the University of Bergen and also sponsored by the Research Council of Norway. Approximately 80 researchers worldwide participated in the workshop. Professor Mellor, Princeton University, gave the keynote lecture.

Go to article

Estimating The Benthic Efflux Of Dissolved Iron On The Ross Sea Continental Shelf, C. M. Marsay, P. N. Sedwick, M. S. Dinniman, P. M. Barrett, S. L. Mack, D. J. Mcgillicuddy Jr. Jan 2014

Estimating The Benthic Efflux Of Dissolved Iron On The Ross Sea Continental Shelf, C. M. Marsay, P. N. Sedwick, M. S. Dinniman, P. M. Barrett, S. L. Mack, D. J. Mcgillicuddy Jr.

CCPO Publications

Continental margin sediments provide a potentially large but poorly constrained source of dissolved iron (dFe) to the upper ocean. The Ross Sea continental shelf is one region where this benthic supply is thought to play a key role in regulating the magnitude of seasonal primary production. Here we present data collected during austral summer 2012 that reveal contrasting low surface (0.08 +/- 0.07 nM) and elevated near-seafloor (0.74 +/- 0.47 nM) dFe concentrations. Combining these observations with results from a high-resolution physical circulation model, we estimate dFe efflux of 5.8 x 10(7) mol yr(-1) from the deeper portions (>400m) …

Go to article

Accelerated Flooding Along The U.S. East Coast: On The Impact Of Sea-Level Rise, Tides, Storms, The Gulf Stream, And The North Atlantic Oscillations, Tal Ezer, Larry P. Atkinson Jan 2014

Accelerated Flooding Along The U.S. East Coast: On The Impact Of Sea-Level Rise, Tides, Storms, The Gulf Stream, And The North Atlantic Oscillations, Tal Ezer, Larry P. Atkinson

CCPO Publications

Recent studies identified the U.S. East Coast north of Cape Hatteras as a 'hotspot' for accelerated sea-level rise ( SLR), and the analysis presented here shows that the area is also a 'hotspot for accelerated flooding.' The duration of minor tidal flooding [defined as 0.3 m above MHHW (mean higher high water)] has accelerated in recent years for most coastal locations from the Gulf of Maine to Florida. The average increase in annual minor flooding duration was ∼20 h from the period before 1970 to 1971-1990, and ∼50 h from 1971-1990 to 1991-2013; spatial variations in acceleration of flooding resemble …

Go to article

Looking Forward Transdisciplinary Modeling, Environmental Forecasting, And Management, D. B. Haidvogel, E. Turner, E. N. Curchitser, E. E. Hofmann Dec 2013

Looking Forward Transdisciplinary Modeling, Environmental Forecasting, And Management, D. B. Haidvogel, E. Turner, E. N. Curchitser, E. E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Analysis Of Energy Flow In Us Globec Ecosystems Using End-To-End Models, J. J. Ruzicka, J. H. Steele, S. K. Gaichas, T. Ballerini, D. J. Gifford, R. D. Brodeur, E. E. Hofmann Dec 2013

Analysis Of Energy Flow In Us Globec Ecosystems Using End-To-End Models, J. J. Ruzicka, J. H. Steele, S. K. Gaichas, T. Ballerini, D. J. Gifford, R. D. Brodeur, E. E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

End-to-end models were constructed to examine and compare the trophic structure and energy flow in coastal shelf ecosystems of four US Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics (GLOBEC) study regions: the Northern California Current, the Central Gulf of Alaska, Georges Bank, and the Southwestern Antarctic Peninsula. High-quality data collected on system components and processes over the life of the program were used as input to the models. Although the US GLOBEC program was species-centric, focused on the study of a selected set of target species of ecological or economic importance, we took a broader community-level approach to describe end-to-end energy flow, from …

Go to article

Sea Level Rise, Spatially Uneven And Temporally Unsteady: Why The U.S. East Coast, The Global Tide Gauge Record, And The Global Altimeter Data Show Different Trends, Tal Ezer Oct 2013

Sea Level Rise, Spatially Uneven And Temporally Unsteady: Why The U.S. East Coast, The Global Tide Gauge Record, And The Global Altimeter Data Show Different Trends, Tal Ezer

CCPO Publications

Impacts of ocean dynamics on spatial and temporal variations in sea level rise (SLR) along the U.S. East Coast are characterized by empirical mode decomposition analysis and compared with global SLR. The findings show a striking latitudinal SLR pattern. Sea level acceleration consistent with a weakening Gulf Stream is maximum just north of Cape Hatteras and decreasing northward, while SLR driven by multidecadal variations, possibly from climatic variations in subpolar regions, is maximum in the north and decreasing southward. The combined impact of sea level acceleration and multidecadal variations explains why the global mean SLR obtained from similar to 20 …

Go to article

Dynamical Downscaling Projections Of Twenty-First-Century Atlantic Hurricane Activity: Cmip3 And Cmip5 Model-Based Scenarios, Thomas R. Knutson, Joseph J. Sirutis, Gabriel A. Vecchi, Stephen Garner, Ming Zhao, Hyeong-Seog Kim, Morris Bender, Robert E. Tuleya, Isaac M. Held, Gabriele Villarini Sep 2013

Dynamical Downscaling Projections Of Twenty-First-Century Atlantic Hurricane Activity: Cmip3 And Cmip5 Model-Based Scenarios, Thomas R. Knutson, Joseph J. Sirutis, Gabriel A. Vecchi, Stephen Garner, Ming Zhao, Hyeong-Seog Kim, Morris Bender, Robert E. Tuleya, Isaac M. Held, Gabriele Villarini

CCPO Publications

Twenty-first-century projections of Atlantic climate change are downscaled to explore the robustness of potential changes in hurricane activity. Multimodel ensembles using the phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3)/Special Report on Emissions Scenarios A1B (SRES A1B; late-twenty-first century) and phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5)/representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5; early- and late-twenty-first century) scenarios are examined. Ten individual CMIP3 models are downscaled to assess the spread of results among the CMIP3 (but not the CMIP5) models. Downscaling simulations are compared for 18-km grid regional and 50-km grid global models. Storm cases from the regional model …

Go to article

The Connection Between Local Sea Level Rise, Climate Change And Ocean Circulation, Tal Ezer, Larry P. Atkinson Jul 2013

The Connection Between Local Sea Level Rise, Climate Change And Ocean Circulation, Tal Ezer, Larry P. Atkinson

CCPO Publications

In recent years, Norfolk has become a symbol for a city that is already battling the impact of sea level rise (SLR). Street flooding during high tides (Fig. 1, left) is much more common now than in the past, and storm surges (Fig. 1, right) are more severe and last longer. Therefore, as part of Old Dominion University’s Climate Change and Sea Level Rise Initiative (CCSLRI), CCPO scientists focus on studies that enhance our understanding of the causes of local SLR and improve our ability to predict future SLR. This information can help policy makers, insurers, city planners and other …

Go to article

Updating Maryland's Sea-Level Rise Projections, Donald F. Boesch, Larry P. Atkinson, William C. Boicourt, John D. Boon, Donald R. Cahoon, Robert A. Dalrymple, Tal Ezer, Benjamin P. Horton, Zoe P. Johnson, Robert E. Kopp, Ming Li, Richard H. Moss, Adam Parris, Christopher K. Sommerfield Jun 2013

Updating Maryland's Sea-Level Rise Projections, Donald F. Boesch, Larry P. Atkinson, William C. Boicourt, John D. Boon, Donald R. Cahoon, Robert A. Dalrymple, Tal Ezer, Benjamin P. Horton, Zoe P. Johnson, Robert E. Kopp, Ming Li, Richard H. Moss, Adam Parris, Christopher K. Sommerfield

CCPO Publications

With its 3,100 miles of tidal shoreline and low-lying rural and urban lands, "The Free State" is one of the most vulnerable to sea-level rise. Historically, Marylanders have long had to contend with rising water levels along its Chesapeake Bay and Atlantic Ocean and coastal bay shores. Shorelines eroded and low-relief lands and islands, some previously inhabited, were inundated. Prior to the 20th century, this was largely due to the slow sinking of the land since Earth’s crust is still adjusting to the melting of large masses of ice following the last glacial period. Over the 20th century, however, the …

Go to article

Gulf Stream's Induced Sea Level Rise And Variability Along The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Coast, Tal Ezer, Larry P. Atkinson, William B. Corlett, Jose L. Blanco Feb 2013

Gulf Stream's Induced Sea Level Rise And Variability Along The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Coast, Tal Ezer, Larry P. Atkinson, William B. Corlett, Jose L. Blanco

CCPO Publications

Recent studies indicate that the rates of sea level rise (SLR) along the U. S. mid-Atlantic coast have accelerated in recent decades, possibly due to a slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its upper branch, the Gulf Stream (GS). We analyzed the GS elevation gradient obtained from altimeter data, the Florida Current transport obtained from cable measurements, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, and coastal sea level obtained from 10 tide gauge stations in the Chesapeake Bay and the mid-Atlantic coast. An Empirical Mode Decomposition/Hilbert-Huang Transformation (EMD/HHT) method was used to separate long-term trends from oscillating modes. …

Go to article

Contribution Of The Pacific Decadal Oscillation To Global Mean Sea Level Trends, B. D. Hamlington, R. R. Leben, M. W. Strassburg, R. S. Nerem, K-Y. Kim Jan 2013

Contribution Of The Pacific Decadal Oscillation To Global Mean Sea Level Trends, B. D. Hamlington, R. R. Leben, M. W. Strassburg, R. S. Nerem, K-Y. Kim

CCPO Publications

Understanding and explaining the trend in global mean sea level (GMSL) have important implications for future projections of sea level rise. While measurements from satellite altimetry have provided accurate estimates of GMSL, the modern altimetry record has only now reached 20 years in length, making it difficult to assess the contribution of decadal to multidecadal climate signals to the global trend. Here, we use a sea level reconstruction to study the 20 year trends in sea level since 1950. In particular, we show that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) contributes significantly to the 20 year trends in GMSL. We estimate …

Go to article

Intrusion Of Warm Surface Water Beneath The Mcmurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica, A. A. Stern, M. S. Dinniman, V. Zagorodnov, S. W. Tyler, D. M. Holland Jan 2013

Intrusion Of Warm Surface Water Beneath The Mcmurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica, A. A. Stern, M. S. Dinniman, V. Zagorodnov, S. W. Tyler, D. M. Holland

CCPO Publications

A 6 month temperature record collected below McMurdo Ice Shelf in 2011-2012 shows the temporal and spatial structure of the summertime warm water signal that penetrates beneath the ice shelf. The strength and duration of the warm water intrusion suggest an annual melt rate at Windless Bight of 0.71 m/yr. A Ross Sea numerical model demonstrates a seasonal warm water pathway leading from the west side of the Ross Sea Polynya (RSP) toward McMurdo Sound. The warm water enters McMurdo Sound, subducts beneath the ice shelf and causes accelerated summer melting. Temperature data were recorded using Distributed Temperature Sensing fiber …

Go to article

Sea Level Rise, Spatially Uneven And Temporally Unsteady: Why The U.S. East Coast, The Global Tide Gauge Record And The Global Altimeter Data Show Different Trends, Tal Ezer Jan 2013

Sea Level Rise, Spatially Uneven And Temporally Unsteady: Why The U.S. East Coast, The Global Tide Gauge Record And The Global Altimeter Data Show Different Trends, Tal Ezer

CCPO Publications

Impacts of ocean dynamics on spatial and temporal variations in sea level rise (SLR) along the U.S. East Coast are characterized by empirical mode decomposition analysis and compared with global SLR. The findings show a striking latitudinal SLR pattern. Sea level acceleration consistent with a weakening Gulf Stream is maximum just north of Cape Hatteras and decreasing northward, while SLR driven by multidecadal variations, possibly from climatic variations in subpolar regions, is maximum in the north and decreasing southward. The combined impact of sea level acceleration and multidecadal variations explains why the global mean SLR obtained from similar to 20 …

Go to article

Extracting Tidal Variability Of Sea Ice Concentration From Amsr-E Passive Microwave Single-Swath Data: A Case Study Of The Ross Sea, Stefanie Mack, Laurie Padman, John M. Klinck Jan 2013

Extracting Tidal Variability Of Sea Ice Concentration From Amsr-E Passive Microwave Single-Swath Data: A Case Study Of The Ross Sea, Stefanie Mack, Laurie Padman, John M. Klinck

CCPO Publications

The periodic divergence of stress applied by ocean tidal currents to sea ice affects the time-averaged ice concentration (Cice) and heat and freshwater fluxes at the ocean surface. We demonstrate that, at sufficiently high latitudes, tidal variability in Cice can be extracted from single-swath data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer–EOS (AMSR-E) satellite passive microwave sensor, although time intervals between swaths are irregular. For the northwest Ross Sea where tidal currents are large, tidal divergence is the dominant cause of Cice variability in winter, with a range of ±0.2 about a mean of ~0.8. Daily-averaged C …

Go to article

Us Globec: Program Goals, Approaches, And Advances, Elizabeth Turner, Eileen E. Hofmann, Dale B. Haidvogel, Harold P. Batchelder, Michael J. Fogarty, Thomas Powell Jan 2013

Us Globec: Program Goals, Approaches, And Advances, Elizabeth Turner, Eileen E. Hofmann, Dale B. Haidvogel, Harold P. Batchelder, Michael J. Fogarty, Thomas Powell

CCPO Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

John H. Steele, 1926–2013, Elizabeth Turner, Eileen E. Hofmann, Dian J. Gifford, Dale B. Haidvogel Jan 2013

John H. Steele, 1926–2013, Elizabeth Turner, Eileen E. Hofmann, Dian J. Gifford, Dale B. Haidvogel

CCPO Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

On The Role Of Coastal Troughs In The Circulation Of Warm Circumpolar Deep Water On Antarctic Shelves, Pierre St-Laurent, John M. Klinck, Michael S. Dinniman Jan 2013

On The Role Of Coastal Troughs In The Circulation Of Warm Circumpolar Deep Water On Antarctic Shelves, Pierre St-Laurent, John M. Klinck, Michael S. Dinniman

CCPO Publications

Oceanic exchanges across the continental shelves of Antarctica play an important role in biological systems and the mass balance of ice sheets. The focus of this study is on the mechanisms responsible for the circulation of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) within troughs running perpendicular to the continental shelf. This is examined using process-oriented numerical experiments with an eddy-resolving (1 km) 3D ocean model that includes a static and thermodynamically active ice shelf. Three mechanisms that create a significant onshore flow within the trough are identified: 1) a deep onshore flow driven by the melt of the ice shelf, 2) …

Go to article

Advances In Marine Ecosystem Dynamics From Us Globec: The Horizontal-Advection Bottom-Up Forcing Paradigm, Emanuele Di Lorenzo, David Mountain, Harold Batchelder, Nicholas Bond, Eileen E. Hofmann Jan 2013

Advances In Marine Ecosystem Dynamics From Us Globec: The Horizontal-Advection Bottom-Up Forcing Paradigm, Emanuele Di Lorenzo, David Mountain, Harold Batchelder, Nicholas Bond, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

A primary focus of the US Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics (GLOBEC) program was to identify the mechanisms of ecosystem response to large- scale climate forcing under the assumption that bottom-up forcing controls a large fraction of marine ecosystem variability. At the beginning of GLOBEC, the prevailing bottom-up forcing hypothesis was that climate-induced changes in vertical transport modulated nutrient supply and surface primary productivity, which in turn affected the lower trophic levels (e.g., zooplankton) and higher trophic levels (e.g., fish) through the trophic cascade. Although upwelling dynamics were confirmed to be an important driver of ecosystem variability in GLOBEC studies, the …

Go to article

Editorial-The 4th International Workshop On Modeling The Ocean (Iwmo 2012), Lie-Yauw Oey, Yasumasa Miyazawa, Hidenori Aiki, Yukio Masumoto, Tal Ezer, Takuji Waseda Jan 2013

Editorial-The 4th International Workshop On Modeling The Ocean (Iwmo 2012), Lie-Yauw Oey, Yasumasa Miyazawa, Hidenori Aiki, Yukio Masumoto, Tal Ezer, Takuji Waseda

CCPO Publications

The 4th International Workshop on Modeling the Ocean (IWMO; http://www.jamstec.go.jp/frcgc/jcope/htdocs/e/ iwmo2012.html) was held on May 21–24, 2012 in the vibrant city of Yokohama on the Tokyo Bay, Japan. The Workshop was hosted by Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)—the home of the famous “Earth Simulator”—one of the world's most powerful supercomputers dedicated for simulating the complex interactive processes of the earth and its environment.

Go to article

Sea Level Rise And Flooding Risk In Virginia, Larry P. Atkinson, Tal Ezer, Elizabeth Smith Jan 2013

Sea Level Rise And Flooding Risk In Virginia, Larry P. Atkinson, Tal Ezer, Elizabeth Smith

CCPO Publications

Consistent rises in sea level have occurred throughout the world for thousands of years. Flooding, storm surges, and other consequences of the rise in sea level have had widespread effects on coastal communities across the globe. Nowhere is this more apparent than the Norfolk/Virginia Beach region along the U.S. Atlantic coastline, where the sea level is rising more rapidly than the global average. This article discusses the causes of and the differences between the rise in sea levels globally and the rise of the sea level in the mid-­Atlantic region of the United States. The article also emphasizes the problems …

Go to article

Is Sea Level Rise Accelerating In The Chesapeake Bay? A Demonstation Of A Novel New Approach For Analyzing Sea Level Data, Tal Ezer, William Bryce Corlett Oct 2012

Is Sea Level Rise Accelerating In The Chesapeake Bay? A Demonstation Of A Novel New Approach For Analyzing Sea Level Data, Tal Ezer, William Bryce Corlett

CCPO Publications

Sea level data from the Chesapeake Bay are used to test a novel new analysis method for studies of sea level rise (SLR). The method, based on Empirical Mode Decomposition and Hilbert-Huang Transformation, separates the sea level trend from other oscillating modes and reveals how the mean sea level changes over time. Bootstrap calculations test the robustness of the method and provide confidence levels. The analysis shows that rates of SLR have increased from similar to 1-3 mm y(-1) in the 1930s to similar to 4-10 mm y(-1) in 2011, an acceleration of similar to 0.05-0.10 mm y(-2) that is …

Go to article

Developing Integrated Models Of Southern Ocean Food Webs: Including Ecological Complexity, Accounting For Uncertainty And The Importance Of Scale, E. J. Murphy, R. D. Cavanagh, E. E. Hofmann, S. L. Hill, A. J. Constable, D. P. Costa, M. H. Pinkerton, N. M. Johnston, P. N. Trathan, J. M. Klinck, D. A. Wolf-Gladrow, K. L. Daly, O. Maury, S. C. Doney Sep 2012

Developing Integrated Models Of Southern Ocean Food Webs: Including Ecological Complexity, Accounting For Uncertainty And The Importance Of Scale, E. J. Murphy, R. D. Cavanagh, E. E. Hofmann, S. L. Hill, A. J. Constable, D. P. Costa, M. H. Pinkerton, N. M. Johnston, P. N. Trathan, J. M. Klinck, D. A. Wolf-Gladrow, K. L. Daly, O. Maury, S. C. Doney

CCPO Publications

The Southern Ocean supports diverse and unique ecosystems that have been impacted by more than two centuries of exploitation and are now experiencing rapid changes in ocean temperature and seasonal ice cover due to climate warming. Understanding and projecting responses of Southern Ocean marine ecosystems to changing climate conditions and direct human impacts, such as fisheries, requires integrated ecosystem analyses at scales previously unexplored. Here we consider the main ecological and modelling challenges in predicting the responses of Southern Ocean ecosystems to change, and propose three inter-linked focus areas that will advance the development of integrated models for Southern Ocean …

Go to article

Understanding The Success And Failure Of Oyster Populations: Periodicities Of Perkinsus Marinus, And Oyster Recruitment, Mortality, And Size, Thomas M. Soniat, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell, Eileen E. Hofmann Aug 2012

Understanding The Success And Failure Of Oyster Populations: Periodicities Of Perkinsus Marinus, And Oyster Recruitment, Mortality, And Size, Thomas M. Soniat, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

Ten-year time series (1992 to 2002) of salinity, Dermo disease, and size-class structure and mortality measured for an eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) population at a reef in Bay Tambour, Terrebonne Parish, LA, were analyzed using wavelet techniques to determine dominant frequencies and correlations. Along the Gulf Coast of the United States, Dermo disease (caused by Perkinsus marinus) responds to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate signal through its response to salinity. During the La Nina portion of ENSO, decreased rainfall leads to an increase in salinity, which triggers a rise in Dermo disease prevalence and intensity, producing increased oyster mortality. …

Go to article

Sensitivity Of Circumpolar Deep Water Transport And Ice Shelf Basal Melt Along The West Antarctic Peninsula To Changes In The Winds, Michael S. Dinniman, John M. Klinck, Eileen E. Hofmann Jul 2012

Sensitivity Of Circumpolar Deep Water Transport And Ice Shelf Basal Melt Along The West Antarctic Peninsula To Changes In The Winds, Michael S. Dinniman, John M. Klinck, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) can be found near the continental shelf break around most of Antarctica. Advection of this relatively warm water (up to 2 degrees C) across the continental shelf to the base of floating ice shelves is thought to be a critical source of heat for basal melting in some locations. A high-resolution (4 km) regional ocean-sea ice-ice shelf model of the west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) coastal ocean was used to examine the effects of changes in the winds on across-shelf CDW transport and ice shelf basal melt. Increases and decreases in the strength of the wind fields …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last