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Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

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Full-Text Articles in Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Investigation Of The Statistical And Spatial Distributions Of Mercury Contaminated Fish, Surface Waters And Soils In Arkansas, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey Jan 1997

Investigation Of The Statistical And Spatial Distributions Of Mercury Contaminated Fish, Surface Waters And Soils In Arkansas, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Mercury (Hg) contamination of fish is a widespread problem throughout much of the United States and the world (Louisiana WWW page, 1997). Levels ofHg in fish suffic1ent to exceed the FDA action level of 1 mg kg-1 have been found in many water bodies, including some in Arkansas and Louisiana. As a result of the serious public health ramifications for developing fetuses and for people that subsist on native fish, fish consumption advisories due to Hg contamination have been issued in 29 states. Contamination of surface water bodies by Hg results from deforestation, forest fires, fossil fuels, mining, natural emissions …

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Watershed Prioritization, David G. Parker, Rod Williams, Hubert D. Scott Dec 1996

Watershed Prioritization, David G. Parker, Rod Williams, Hubert D. Scott

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The overall objective of this two-year study was to evaluate the water quality in the thirty-seven sub-basin watersheds in the Illinois River in Arkansas and to arrive at a watershed prioritization list to use in targeting non-point source activities. A water quality monitoring program was conducted with sampling in all thirty-seven sub-basins during both storm and base flow events and more intensive sampling in eight representative sub-basins during stOffil events. Each sub-basin was sampled seasonally during low flow (base-flow) conditions and during high flow storm (storm flow) conditions. In addition to the regular sampling, the intensive sub-basins were sampled approximately …

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Directory Of Water Related Courses Offered At Colleges And Universites In Arkansas, Kenneth F. Steele Nov 1996

Directory Of Water Related Courses Offered At Colleges And Universites In Arkansas, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This publication lists the water and water-related courses at several universities and colleges in Arkansas as reported during the Fall of 1996. It Is anticipated that users of this directory will extend beyond college students, and will include professionals seeking continuing education, and professors desiring to exchange information on courses. This directory is not an "absolute" source of water and water-related courses because all of the higher learning institutions in Arkansas are not listed, and, secondly, because the definition of "water and water-related" varies from institution to institution. None-the-less this directory provides a very valuable and impressive reference on water …

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Diversity Of Arkansas Water Resources Research, Kenneth F. Steele Oct 1996

Diversity Of Arkansas Water Resources Research, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

In order to understand, protect, and manage our water resources effectively knowledge is required from many diverse areas of science, engineering, economics, and sociology. These proceedings of the conference on the Diversity of Arkansas Water Resources Research reflect this need and demonstrate how researchers in the state are responding to water issues and problems in Arkansas. The papers in these proceedings are representative of the research in Arkansas, but are only a sample of the work being conducted by universities and government agencies in Arkansas. We are grateful that Arkansas has the expertise available to provide the information necessary to …

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Influence Of Rice Production On The Quality Of Water In Tailwater Collection Reservoirs, R. A. Dewell, T. L. Lavy Jun 1996

Influence Of Rice Production On The Quality Of Water In Tailwater Collection Reservoirs, R. A. Dewell, T. L. Lavy

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Since maintaining high water quality standards in the state remains a high priority, monitoring for pesticides in water sources must continue. Determining the type, concentration, and characteristics of any pesticides present in water supplies are essential to the overall assessment of water quality. Five independent locations, implementing contained water management systems and recyclable water, were monitored in 1995 and 1996. Irrigation, runoff, and pond water samples were collected every 10 to 14 days between permanent flood establishment and draining. Water samples were transported to the laboratory and extracted for 16 pesticides using solid phase extraction (SPE) techniques. Quantification and confirmation …

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Effects Of Zebra, Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha Infestation On Lake Dardanelle Water Quality, Charles J. Gagen, Joseph N. Stoeckel Jun 1996

Effects Of Zebra, Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha Infestation On Lake Dardanelle Water Quality, Charles J. Gagen, Joseph N. Stoeckel

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Zebra mussels recently invaded southern waterways including the Arkansas River. Large-scale filtration of suspended particulate matter by dense populations could alter reservoir ecosystem function. Furthermore, they attach to hard surfaces, thereby threatening normal operations of artificial structures. We designed this study to provide baseline data prior to establishment of high population levels of zebra mussels in Lake Dardanelle. The characterization of spatial and temporal variability in water quality, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and macrophytes will allow testing of several hypotheses. We sampled zebra mussel veliger and settling juvenile densities and zooplankton densities at four fixed sites and the key water quality variables …

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Bioaccumulation Of Methyl Mercury Through A Food Chain, J. T. Knight Jun 1996

Bioaccumulation Of Methyl Mercury Through A Food Chain, J. T. Knight

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The bioaccumulation of mercury through the food chain has received much attention in Arkansas during the last three years. The discovery of mercury contamination and subsequent fish consumption advisories in southwest Arkansas have increased public awareness of the potential for bioaccumulation of different toxic compounds. It is postulated that the mercury problem in Arkansas is a result of methylation and resulting bioaccumulation of mercury as methyl mercury. This study was designed to derive a Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) for mercury in a simple food chain under controlled conditions. A BAF is calculated by dividing the concentration found in the organism by …

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Identification Of Optimal Locations For Sampling Ground Water For Pesticides In The Mississippi Delta Region Of Eastern Arkansas, H. S. Lin, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey May 1996

Identification Of Optimal Locations For Sampling Ground Water For Pesticides In The Mississippi Delta Region Of Eastern Arkansas, H. S. Lin, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Concerns about the presence of pesticides in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in the Arkansas Delta have generated the need to develop a map of ground water vulnerability for this region comprised of approximately 10 million acres. Based on the availability of digital data and the scale of this study. we used a modified Pesticide DRASTIC model in a GRASS GIS environment to identify areas that were physically more sensitive to pesticide contamination than other areas within the Delta. Spatial distribution of pesticide loading was estimated from pesticide application rates in different crops and crop distribution map interpreted from …

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An Introduction To Lake And Reservoir Water Quality Modeling, Kenneth H. Reckhow Mar 1996

An Introduction To Lake And Reservoir Water Quality Modeling, Kenneth H. Reckhow

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Illinois River Water Quality Automatic Sampler Installation, David G. Parker, Rodney Williams, Evan Teague Jan 1996

Illinois River Water Quality Automatic Sampler Installation, David G. Parker, Rodney Williams, Evan Teague

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Completion Report: Arkansas State Pesticides In Ground Water Monitoring Project Phase V: Vulnerable Areas In Jackson, Monroe, Lawrence And Lonoke Counties, T. Nichols, P. Vendrell, K. Steele, H. D. Scott, C. Armstrong Jan 1996

Completion Report: Arkansas State Pesticides In Ground Water Monitoring Project Phase V: Vulnerable Areas In Jackson, Monroe, Lawrence And Lonoke Counties, T. Nichols, P. Vendrell, K. Steele, H. D. Scott, C. Armstrong

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

In 1996, sixty-seven water samples were drawn from 65 wells, including 62 new wells and 3 wells sampled previously . One Woodruff County well and two Pulaski County wells were resampled. Thirty-two samples were drawn from 30 wells in Monroe County (well #1 was sampled 3 times during this phase) . Ten wells in Jackson County, 12 wells in Lawrence County and 10 wells in Lonoke were also tested (Figures 1-5) . With the completion of Phase V, the number of wells tested has risen to 231 with a total of 258 samples analyzed . Initially, the wells were tested …

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Landuse And Landcover Classification For Independence, Union, Bradley And Cleveland Counties Of Arkansas, H. Don Scott, Kimberly Hofer Jan 1996

Landuse And Landcover Classification For Independence, Union, Bradley And Cleveland Counties Of Arkansas, H. Don Scott, Kimberly Hofer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Landuse/landcover (LULC} is a function of natural factors such as soils, climate and water and of anthropogenic factors such as predominant use. In Arkansas, the primary use of the land varies depending on the physiographic region. For example, in the Mississippi Delta region of eastern Arkansas row crop agriculture predominates, whereas in the Gulf Coastal Plains forestry dominates. In both regions LULC is spatially and temporally . variable. Knowledge of LULC can be used in estimating the potential for agricultural production, locations of critical ecological areas, siting of homes, small businesses, industries, roads and landfills as well as source areas …

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Survival Of Fecal Contamination Indicator Organisms In Soil, K. A. Teague, D. C. Wolf, P. F. Vendrell Sep 1995

Survival Of Fecal Contamination Indicator Organisms In Soil, K. A. Teague, D. C. Wolf, P. F. Vendrell

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Soils amended with human or animal waste may result in pathogen contamination of ground and surface water. Because temperature has been shown to affect pathogen survival, two laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of extremes in temperature on bacterial and viral pathogen indicator die-off in soil. A Captina silt loam was amended with broiler litter (0.1 g/g dry soil), septic tank effluent, or Escherichia coli (ATCC 13706) culture (both at 0.04 and 0.1 mL/g dry soil in the two respective studies), incubated at 5 and 35°C, and analyzed over time to determine the number of fecal coliform, E. …

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Animal Waste And The Land-Water Interface, H. Don Scott, Kenneth Steele Jul 1995

Animal Waste And The Land-Water Interface, H. Don Scott, Kenneth Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This book presents abstracts of research studies conducted on animal wastes and the interface between application of animal waste to land. The abstracts were divided into sections which tend to organize summaries of research studies conducted on similar topics. These topics range from characteristics of animal waste to the effects of animal wastes on streams, lakes, wetlands, and watersheds, development of best management practices, nutrient management, edge of field losses and alternative uses. The posters will be available for viewing from 10:00 a.m. Monday, July 17, until 12:00 noon on Wednesday, July 19, 1995.

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Spatial Distribution Of The Surface Geology And 1992 Land Use Of The Buffalo River Watershed, Kimberly R. Hofer, H. Don Scott, James M. Mckimmey Jul 1995

Spatial Distribution Of The Surface Geology And 1992 Land Use Of The Buffalo River Watershed, Kimberly R. Hofer, H. Don Scott, James M. Mckimmey

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress in 1972 as the first National River in the United States and is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in Arkansas . The Buffalo River flows through the three major physiographic provinces of northern Arkansas, originating in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains, and flowing generally northeastward to cut through the Springfield and Salem Plateaus. It drops from approximately 2000 feet in the headwaters to around 500 feet above sea level at its confluence with the White River in Marion County. The Buffalo River is considered to be one of Arkansas' …

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Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of The Morphological And Land Use Characteristics Of The Buffalo River Watershed, H. Don Scott, Kimberly R. Hofer Jul 1995

Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of The Morphological And Land Use Characteristics Of The Buffalo River Watershed, H. Don Scott, Kimberly R. Hofer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress iQ. 1972 as the first National River in the United States. The Buffalo River, which originates in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains in Newton County, is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in Arkansas. It is considered to be one of Arkansas' greatest natural treasures, and thus, there is strong interest in protecting it from anthropogenic influences. An initial characterization of the soil taxonomic units, watershed boundaries, topography and physiographic units in the Buffalo River Watershed was presented by Scott and Smith (1994). The spatial distribution of the geologic units …

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Spatial And Temporal Analyses Of The Morphological And Land Use Characteristics Of The Buffalo River Watershed, H. Don Scott, Kimberly R. Hofer Jul 1995

Spatial And Temporal Analyses Of The Morphological And Land Use Characteristics Of The Buffalo River Watershed, H. Don Scott, Kimberly R. Hofer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress it11972 as the first National River in the United States. The Buffalo River, which originates in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains in Newton County, is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in Arkansas. It is considered to be one of Arkansas' greatest natural treasures, and thus, there is strong interest in protecting it from anthropogenic influences. An initial characterization of the soil taxonomic units, watershed boundaries, topography and physiographic units in the Buffalo River Watershed was presented by Scott and Smith (1994). The spatial distribution of the geologic units in …

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Effects Of Zebra Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha, Infestation On Lake Dardanelle Water Quality, Charles J. Gagen, Joseph N. Stoeckel Jun 1995

Effects Of Zebra Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha, Infestation On Lake Dardanelle Water Quality, Charles J. Gagen, Joseph N. Stoeckel

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Zebra mussels recently invaded southern waterways including the Arkansas River. Exponential population growth and high filtration capacity of dense populations could alter reservoir ecosystem function. Furthermore, they attach to hard surfaces; thus, threatening normal operations of many artificial structures. We designed this study to provide baseline data prior to high population levels of zebra mussels in Lake Dardanelle. The characterization of spatial and temporal variability in water quality, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and macrophytes will allow testing of several hypotheses. We sampled zebra mussel density and zooplankton at four fixed sites and the other key variables at three of these sites biweekly …

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Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurities In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter. Part Ii: Source Areas To Buffer Areas Ratio Effects, P. Srivastava, D. R. Edards, T. C. Daniel Jun 1995

Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurities In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter. Part Ii: Source Areas To Buffer Areas Ratio Effects, P. Srivastava, D. R. Edards, T. C. Daniel

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Vegetative filter strips (VFS) are known to reduce runoff losses of nutrients. solids. and other materials from land areas treated with fertilizers . Although VFS effectiveness is known to depend partially on the relative lengths of filter and pollutant source areas. there is little experimental evidence available to quantify this dependence. This is particularly the case when VFS are implemented down-slope of pasture areas treated with animal manures such as poultry litter. This study assessed the influences of pollutant source area (treated with poultry litter) and VFS lengths on VFS removal of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN). ammonia nitrogen (NH3 -N …

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Water Resources Studies Along The Arkansas-Oklahoma Border, Kenneth F. Steele Feb 1995

Water Resources Studies Along The Arkansas-Oklahoma Border, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The watershed approach to water resource issues recently has been re-discovered. Scientists and managers recognize the need to consider the entire watershed when delineating and solving today's water resource problems. A simple example is the effect that streams have on the ultimate "health" of a reservoir. Although technically the term watershed should be used only in reference to surface water, the importance of ground water is included in the watershed approach to problems. In recognition that we all "live upstream and downstream," the Arkansas Water Resources Center and the Oklahoma Water Resources Institute sponsored a conference titled "Water Resource Studies …

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Completion Report: Arkansas State Pesticides In Ground Water Monitoring Project Phase Iv: Eastern Arkansas (Pulaski, Lee And Jackson Counties), T. Nichols, P. Vendrell, K. Steele, H. D. Scott, C. Armstrong Jan 1995

Completion Report: Arkansas State Pesticides In Ground Water Monitoring Project Phase Iv: Eastern Arkansas (Pulaski, Lee And Jackson Counties), T. Nichols, P. Vendrell, K. Steele, H. D. Scott, C. Armstrong

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

In 1995, fifty-two water samples were drawn from 49 new wells and 2 wells that had been previously sampled during earlier phases. These included twenty samples from 19 wells in eastern Pulaski County, thirteen wells in Lee County, 16 wells in Jackson County, two wells in Lonoke County, one well in Crittenden County and resamples of two wells in Woodruff County. Figure 1 shows the locations of the 3 counties where the majority of the samples were taken and Figures 2-4 show the monitoring locations withing these counties. The wells were tested for nitrate and 13 pesticides listed in Table …

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Determination Of The Seasonal Changes In Nitrate And Phosphate Concentration And Phytoplankton Composition Within Selected Fertilized Lakes, Richard L. Meyer Dec 1994

Determination Of The Seasonal Changes In Nitrate And Phosphate Concentration And Phytoplankton Composition Within Selected Fertilized Lakes, Richard L. Meyer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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The Moore's Creek Monitoring Project, D. R. Edwards, T, C, Daniel, J. F. Murdoch, P. F. Vendrell, D. J. Nichols Oct 1994

The Moore's Creek Monitoring Project, D. R. Edwards, T, C, Daniel, J. F. Murdoch, P. F. Vendrell, D. J. Nichols

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Phosphorus Immobilization In Poultry Litter And Litter-Amended Soils With Aluminum, Calcium And Iron Amendments, D. M. Miller, P. A. Moore Jr., T. C. Daniels Sep 1994

Phosphorus Immobilization In Poultry Litter And Litter-Amended Soils With Aluminum, Calcium And Iron Amendments, D. M. Miller, P. A. Moore Jr., T. C. Daniels

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Arkansas produces approximately one billion broilers each year. Phosphorous (P) runoff from fields receiving poultry litter is believed to be one of the primary factors affecting water quality in Northwest Arkansas. Poultry litter contains approximately 20 g P kg-1, of which about 2 g P kg-1 is water soluble. Soils that have received repeated heavy applications of litter may have water soluble P contents of as high as 10 mg P Kg-1 soil. The objective of this study was to determine if soluble P levels could be reduced in poultry litter and litter-amended soils with Al,Ca, and/or Fe amendments. Poultry …

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The Prediction Of Sediment And Nutrient Transport In The Buffalo River Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, H. D. Scott, P. A. Smith Jun 1994

The Prediction Of Sediment And Nutrient Transport In The Buffalo River Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, H. D. Scott, P. A. Smith

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress in 1972 as the first National River in the United States. It is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in northern Arkansas. The river originates in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains in Newton County, and generally flows northeastward, intersecting the Springfield and Salem Plateaus as it drops from approximately 2000 feet in the headwaters to around 500 feet at the confluence with the White River in Marion County. It is considered by many to be one of Arkansas' greatest natural treasures, and therefore , there is strong interest in protecting …

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Correlating Soil Test Phosphorus Losses In Runoff, D. H. Pote, T. C. Daniel, P. A. Moore Jr., D. J. Nichols, D. R. Edwards, A. N. Sharpley Jun 1994

Correlating Soil Test Phosphorus Losses In Runoff, D. H. Pote, T. C. Daniel, P. A. Moore Jr., D. J. Nichols, D. R. Edwards, A. N. Sharpley

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Phosphorus in agricultural runoff is often a major cause of accelerated eutrophication of lakes and streams. Previous research has indicated that the amount of dissolved P (DP) in runoff is directly related to P content of the surface soil. Decades of fertilizer application at rates exceeding those of crop uptake have elevated soil test P (STP) levels in areas of intensive crop and livestock production, making this the major source of DP loss in runoff. The objective of our experiment was to relate STP content of Captina silt loam to P concentration and loss in runoff, and determine which STP …

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Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurites In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter, I. Chaubey, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniels Jun 1994

Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurites In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter, I. Chaubey, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniels

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Land application of animal manures (e.g. poultry litter, poultry manure, and swine manure) to pasture and range can lead to runoff quality degradation during storms that occur soon after application. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have been shown to reduce pollution in runoff from row-cropped areas but have not been extensively studied in pasture and range settings. This research involved characterizing performance of fescue VFS in improving quality of runoff from pasture land areas treated with poultry litter and swine manure. The VFS were found to be quite effective in reducing off-site transport of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), …

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Ground Water Monitoring Project For Arkansas, Phase Iii, Kenneth F. Steele, Steven S. Hill, Terry W. Nichols, H. Don Scott, Paul Vendrell, H. S. Lin Jan 1994

Ground Water Monitoring Project For Arkansas, Phase Iii, Kenneth F. Steele, Steven S. Hill, Terry W. Nichols, H. Don Scott, Paul Vendrell, H. S. Lin

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This report is composed of two parts. The first part is an interpretation of the pesticide and nitrate data collected in Woodruff County based on samples collected during 1994. Because there is an indication that there were hydrological differences between 1994 and 1995, and because most of the pesticide data is from 1994, this interpretive portion is restricted to 1994 data. Six wells initially sampled in 1994 that contained pesticides had continuing contamination in re-sampling in 1994 and 1995. Part II lists a seventh well in Woodruff County that contained pesticides in February and May of 1995

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Directory Of Water Resource Experts At Arkansas Universities And Colleges, Kenneth F. Steele Dec 1993

Directory Of Water Resource Experts At Arkansas Universities And Colleges, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The objective of this publication is to identify those faculty and staff scientists in the universities and colleges of Arkansas who are actively conducting research on water resource issues and problems. Undoubtedly, we have omitted several such researchers, but hopefully, a second edition of this publication will be more complete.

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Arkanasas Water Resources Center Evaluation Report Fy 1988-Fy 1992, Kenneth F. Steele Aug 1993

Arkanasas Water Resources Center Evaluation Report Fy 1988-Fy 1992, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Since the beginning of the Arkansas Water Resources Center the overall program has been focused on helping local, state and federal agencies learn to manage Arkansas' water resources. AWRC has contributed substantially to the State's water resources via research and training of students. Through the years, projects have included topics concerned with irrigation, ground water modeling, non-point source pollution (including sediment erosion), water quality, efficient septic tank design, and ecosystems. Information on water research and other water-resource information is disseminated by the Center through public presentations, conferences, and publications. Since 1980, an average of more than 15 principal investigators a …

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