Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons^™

Earth Observing System, Volume Iia: Data And Information System, Report Of The Eos Data Panel, Raymond Arvidson, Frederick Billingsley, Robert Chase, Pat Chavez Jr., Michael Devirian, Frederick Mosher, Et Al.

Publications

The purpose of this report is to provide NASA with a rationale and recommendations for planning, implementing, and operating an Earth Observing System data and information system that can evolve to meet the Earth Observing System's needs in the 1990s. The Earth Observing System (EOS), defined by the EOS Science and Mission Requirements Working Group, consists of a suite of instruments in low Earth orbit acquiring measurements of the Earth's atmosphere, surface, and interior; an information system to support scientific research; and a vigorous program of scientific research, stressing study of global-scale processes that shape and influence the Earth as …

Investigation Of Eddy Population And Motion In The Southern International Ice Patrol Operations Area (40°-47°N By 40°-55°W), Frank J. Williams

OES Theses and Dissertations

A study of the eddy population in the Newfoundland Basin region over the period from November 1981 to December 1984 was conducted. The study was undertaken to demonstrate the importance and basic character of eddy motion in the area patrolled by the International Ice Patrol. This is a descriptive study and no rigorous mathematical solutions are attempted. Data was collected on the number of eddies in the area, their average duration and size, formation, migration and deterioration patterns and rotational velocity. Satellite infrared imagery maintained by National Weather Service and Naval Eastern Oceanographic Center, Canadian Forces METOC Center sea surface …

The Frontal Hydraulic Head: A Micro-Α Scale (~1 Km) Triggering Mechanism For Mesoconvective Weather Systems, M. A. Shapiro, Tamara Hampel, Doris Rotzoll, F. Mosher

Publications

Measurements from the NOAA Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (BAO) 300 m tower, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Sabreliner aircraft, and the NOAA GOES-5 satellite, give evidence for the cross-front scale collapse of nonprecipitating surface cold-frontal zones to horizontal distances of ∼1 km or less. The leading edges of these frosts possess the characteristic structure of density current flows: an elevated hydraulic head followed by a turbulent wake. Vertical motions at the frontal heads exceed 5 m s−1 at 300 m (AGL). The ascent at the frontal head may act as a (∼1 km-scale) triggering mechanism for the release of …

Functional And Performance Requirements Of The Next Noaa-Kansas City Computer System (Appendix G), Frederick R. Mosher

Publications

The NOAA computer system in Kansas City, Missouri, was scheduled for a computer upgrade and this is part of the report listing the critical functional and performance requirements for that system in 1984. The system needed to communicate with all the other offices at that center in Kansas City.

Impacts Of Interactive Processing Systems On The Forecasting Ability Of The National Severe Storms Forecast Center (Appendix E), Frederick R. Mosher

Publications

The National Severe Storms Forecast Center (NSSFC) in Kansas City has the most modern interactive processing equipment of any operational forecast office in the United States. As such, the experiences of the NSSFC serve as the indication of some of the benefits which will be derived from interactive technology when it is applied in other forecast situations. The forecast products issued by the NSSFC have become more accurate and more timely. The forecaster's efficiency and productivity has noticeably improved. These improvements have been made without the introduction of any new data sources, any major advances in meteorology, or any major …

Lessons Learned From The Csis [Centralized Storm Information System] (Appendix D), Frederick R. Mosher, Joseph T. Schaefer

Publications

Various attempts have been made to give up-to-the-minute meteorological observations to forecasters. However, the meteorologist's inability to assimilate all the real-time data is a significant barrier to the improvement of short-term forecasts and warnings. Historically, failure to resolve this problem has plagued mesoscale forecast experiments. This article discusses the joint effort of NWS, NESS, NASA, and SSEC to develop a system to aid the forecaster in evaluating data.

Ua37/30/2 Wku Research Notecards - H Topics, Lowell Harrison

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Notecards created by Lowell Harrison while researching his book Western Kentucky University. The cards transcribed are for 108 topics beginning with H ranging from Hail Storm to Hundred Club.

Effects Of El Nino On Local Hydrography And Growth Of The Giant Kelp, Macrocystis Pyrifera, At Santa Catalina Island, California, Richard C. Zimmerman, Deborah L. Robertson

OES Faculty Publications

Deepened isotherms associated with El Niño resulted in severe nutrient limitation and very low kelp productivity during the last half of 1983. Frond growth rates were so low that terminal blades formed before reaching the surface, eliminating the canopy. Frond initiation rates were also extremely low, resulting in significant reductions in mean plant size. Plants growing above 10m were more severely affected than plants at 20m. Nutrient pulses associated with internal waves are thus critical for survival of Macrocystis pyrifera in nutritionally marginal habitats in Southern California.

J. P. Finley: The First Severe Storms Forecaster, Joseph G. Galway

National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration: Technical Reports and Related Materials

During the 19th century, while others were debating about the theory and morphology of tornadoes, Finley set out to prove that tornadoes, like other weather phenomena, could be forecast. He developed forecast rules and made experimental forecasts. His forecasting and analysis activities made him the center of controversy during most of his professional life and led to open debate in the literature, but he set precedents in meteorological forecasting that are still valid today. His career as a meteorologist started while he was a private in the United States Army. His interest continued even when he had achieved the rank …

Ua66/8/2 Growing Season In Kentucky 1951-1980, Wku Climate Center, Glen Conner, Mark Simpson

WKU Administration Documents

Kentucky Climate Center report number 26 Growing Season in Kentucky 1951-1980.

Historical Crop / Climate Relationships In South Dakota, D.G. Kenefick, J.C. Harlan, K.K. Weischedel, P.D. Evenson

Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Publications

Crop performance and climatic records were collated for high production counties in South Dakota to evaluate the effects of temperature and precipitation on yields. The crops involved were corn, soybeans, sorghum, oats, spring wheat, and winter wheat. Records were compared for the period from 1965 to 1982. The computer data file for each county includes seven climatic parameters, dates of plant development, adjusted yield-and yield rank by year. The crop/climate record for the 17-year period was evaluated in sixteen counties per crop each year. Thus, 272 county x year observations were made for each crop, except for soybeans which involved …

Variability Of Atmospheric Hydrocarbon Concentrations And Deposition Rates, Charles Thomas Farmer

OES Theses and Dissertations

The atmospheric hydrocarbon concentration was determined at various locations throughout Southeastern Virginia from July 1981 to February 1983. During this period the concentration ranged from 0.4 to 5.5 μg/m³ . From October 1982 to February 1983, WET and dry deposition samples were collected in conjunction with these air samples. Total hydrocarbon dry deposition rates ranged from deposition rates ranged from 4 to 189 μg/m² /day, while WET 22 to 670 μg/m² /day. Hydrocarbon concentrations found were within the ranges reported in the literature for wet, dry and atmospheric hydrocarbon concentrations.

Linear trend analysis revealed no correlation between …

Industries Assistance Commission Inquiry Into Drought Assistance, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, Australia. Industries Assistance Commission, J. Ripley

All other publications

This submission outlines the extent of drought in Western Australia in 1982/83, examines the adequacy of drought assistance measures and, after canvassing alternative assistance measures, proposes a preferred package of drought assistance measures.

The issue of whether or not the non-farm sector in rural areas should receive drought assistance, and if so what type, is not addressed in this submission. Rather the framework of discussion is restricted to the farm sector.

Sixty-Day Temperature Persistence At Five-Day Intervals For Minneapolis-St. Paul, Charles J. Fisk

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The annual course of 60-day temperature persistence for Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota is examined at five -clay intervals for the last 110 years. Results show maximum persistence for the 60-day periods February 20 to April 20 and June 25 to August 23. Minimum persistence is observed for sequences whose midpoints correspond to late April, late September and mid-November. This suggests the presence of a single favored regime-breaking period for the winter to summer transition and two such periods for summer to winter.

Limiting Swine Stress With Evaporative Cooling In The Southeast, Robert L. Fehr, K. T. Priddy, Samuel G. Mcneill, Douglas G. Overhults

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Three-hourly weather data for 7 locations in the Southeast and Central United States were used to evaluate the feasibility of evaporative cooling for reducing swine stress. Stress was defined as a relationship between dry and wet bulb temperatures which exceeded a stress index of 85. This analysis indicates that properly installed evaporative coolers could reduce the number of hours that stress would occur in swine facilities from 89.6 to 96.4% depending on location.

Weather Records Available From Discontinued Weather Stations Inn Connecticut, David R. Miller, Chris Costello

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Climate Data Sources In Connecticut, Patricia A. Palley, David R. Miller

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Characteristics Of Water Vapor Tracked Winds, Frederick R. Mosher

Publications

Wind measurements were obtained by tracking water vapor features on Meteosat and GOES-VAS 6.7 micron water vapor images. While pure water vapor features are fuzzy, there are discernible features which can be tracked. An investigation of preprocessing algorithms designed to bring out the features to be tracked showed that high pass filters tended to bring out the noise in the image, while low pass filters washed out the features. Sliced linear gray scale stretching under operator control gave the best enhancement to the water vapor features.

Meteorological Significance Of Cloud Tracked Winds During Dst-5 And Dst-6, H. M. Goodman, Frederick Mosher, Tod Stewart, Verner Suomi

Publications

A study has been conducted to determine the meteorological significance of satellite derived cloud drift winds using data from the Data Systems Test (DST). Three synoptic weather events were chosen during DST-6 (January 5-March 5) for weather analysis and comparison. The three events each contained a prominent weather feature over the north Pacific Ocean. Two satellite sources (NESS and the University of Wisconsin), radiosonde and commercial aircraft reports combined to produce a wind set covering the target area.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Manchester, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Kevin Brown, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Manchester, Kentucky from 1951 to 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Mammoth Cave Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Mark Simpson, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Mammoth Cave from 1951 to 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Bowling Green, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glenn Conner, Sherree Tipton, Lynda Dilgard

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Bowling Green, Kentucky between 1951 and 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of London, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Mark Simpson, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for London, Kentucky from 1954 to 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Madisonville, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Mark Simpson, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Madisonville, Kentucky from 1951 to 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Mount Sterling, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Kevin Brown, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Mount Sterling, Kentucky from 1951 to 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Owensboro, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Tom Feeney, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Owensboro, Kentucky from 1951 to 1980

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Pikeville, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Tom Feeney, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Pikeville, Kentucky between 1951 and 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Scottsville, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Mark Simpson, Douglas Harper, Cliff Hardin

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Scottsville, Kentucky from 1951 to 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Louisville, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Mark Simpson, Douglas Harper

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Louisville, Kentucky from 1951 to 1980.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Farmers, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Mark Simpson, Douglas Harper, Cliff Hardin

WKU Administration Documents

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Farmers, Kentucky from 1951 to 1980.