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Full-Text Articles in Other Mathematics

On Links Between A Theorem Of Schoenberg, Rohlin Decompositions Of Measures, The Bochner-Minlos Theorem And The Fock Space, Daniel Alpay, Paula Cerejeiras, Palle Jorgensen, Uwe Kaehler Mar 2026

On Links Between A Theorem Of Schoenberg, Rohlin Decompositions Of Measures, The Bochner-Minlos Theorem And The Fock Space, Daniel Alpay, Paula Cerejeiras, Palle Jorgensen, Uwe Kaehler

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The main goal of this paper is to gain new results in stochastics by drawing on, and combining, different areas that are normally not considered to be related. Thus, in this paper we extend the previous class of Gaussian-like functions ML which will allow for future generalized stochastic processes in infinite dimensional analysis. We show that an approach similar to the one by the classical Bochner-Minlos theorem for the white-noise case can be achieved by using Gaussian-like functions belonging to a large family -the MLr classes (0 < r ≤∞). We show how Schoenberg’s theorem for positive definite functions on a Hilbert space allows to go beyond the classical setting of Bochner-Milnos theorem. Furthermore, we show that the application of the Rohlin’s disintegration theorem allows for a decomposition of the associated probability measures , see Theorems 3.2 and 4.3. We end this paper with several important examples of functions in these classes MLr and provide some interesting counterexamples, e.g. Theorem 7.4, to get a …


Unitary Rational Functions: The Scaled Quaternion Case, Daniel Alpay, Ilwoo Choo, Mihaela Vajiac Feb 2026

Unitary Rational Functions: The Scaled Quaternion Case, Daniel Alpay, Ilwoo Choo, Mihaela Vajiac

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We develop the theory of minimal realizations and factorizations of rational functions where the coefficient space is a ring of the type introduced in our previous work, the scaled quaternions, which includes as special cases the quaternions and the split quaternions. The methods involved are not a direct generalization of the complex or quaternionic settings, and in particular, the adjoint is not the classical adjoint and we use properties of real Hilbert spaces. This adjoint allows to define the counterpart of unitarity for matrix-rational functions, and we develop the corresponding theories of realizations and unitary factorizations. We also begin a …


Locally Integral Involutive Po-Semigroups, José Gil-Férez, Peter Jipsen, Melissa Sugimoto Dec 2025

Locally Integral Involutive Po-Semigroups, José Gil-Férez, Peter Jipsen, Melissa Sugimoto

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We show that every locally integral involutive partially ordered semigroup (ipo-semigroup) A=(A,≤,⋅,∼,−), and in particular every locally integral involutive semiring, decomposes in a unique way into a family {Ap:p∈A+} of integral ipo-monoids, which we call its integral components. In the semiring case, the integral components are unital semirings. Moreover, we show that there is a family of monoid homomorphisms Φ={φpq:Ap→Aq:p≤q}, indexed over the positive cone (A+,≤), so that the structure of A can be recovered as a glueing ∫ΦAp of its integral components along Φ. Reciprocally, we give necessary and sufficient conditions so that the Płonka sum of any family …


Free Probability Theory Over The Scaled Hyperbolic Numbers, Daniel Alpay, Ilwoo Choo Dec 2025

Free Probability Theory Over The Scaled Hyperbolic Numbers, Daniel Alpay, Ilwoo Choo

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper, we introduce a notion of free probability over the scaled hyperbolic numbers. Scaled hypercomplex numbers {Dt} t∈R are constructed as sub-structures of scaled hypercomplex numbers {Ht} t∈R under the scales (or, the moments) of the set R of real numbers.We show that if t < 0, then the classical free probability theory covers our free probability on {Dt} t< 0; if t > 0, then our free probability on {Dt} t>0 is represented by the free probability over the classical hyperbolic numbers D = D1; and if t = 0, then the free probability on D0 is actually over the …


The Kaczmarz Algorithm In Hilbert C*-Modules, Daniel Alpay, Chad Berner, Eric S. Weber Nov 2025

The Kaczmarz Algorithm In Hilbert C*-Modules, Daniel Alpay, Chad Berner, Eric S. Weber

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The Kaczmarz algorithm in Hilbert spaces is a classical iterative method for stably recovering vectors from inner product data. In this paper, we extend the algorithm to the setting of Hilbert C*-modules and establish analogues of its effectiveness in both finite-dimensional and stationary cases. Consequently, we demonstrate that continuous families of elements in a Hilbert space can be uniformly recovered using the Kaczmarz algorithm. Additionally, we develop a normalized Cauchy transform for continuous families of measures and use it to provide sufficient conditions under which standard frames in Hilbert C(X)-modules can be generated by the Kaczmarz …


Similarity Metrics, Metrics, And Conditionally Negative Definite Functions, Daniel Alpay, Liora Mayats-Alpay May 2025

Similarity Metrics, Metrics, And Conditionally Negative Definite Functions, Daniel Alpay, Liora Mayats-Alpay

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We give an example of a similarity metric which is not positive definite, and present a general theorem which provides a large family of similarity metrics which are positive definite.


Analyticity, Superoscillations And Supershifts In Several Variables, Fabrizio Colombo, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa, Alain Yger May 2025

Analyticity, Superoscillations And Supershifts In Several Variables, Fabrizio Colombo, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa, Alain Yger

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Superoscillations have roots in various scientific disciplines, including optics, signal processing, radar theory, and quantum mechanics. This intriguing mathematical phenomenon permits specific functions to oscillate at a rate surpassing their highest Fourier component. A different way of thinking about superoscillations consists in realizing that it is possible to reproduce the exponential function far away from the origin by only knowing its value in a countable set of points near the origin. By using this perspective, one can extend the idea of superoscillations to functions that are not a sum of exponential functions, namely to the notion of supershift. The study …


Supershift Properties For Nonanalytic Signals, Fabrizio Colombo, Irene Sabadini, Daniele Carlo Struppa, Alain Yger Apr 2025

Supershift Properties For Nonanalytic Signals, Fabrizio Colombo, Irene Sabadini, Daniele Carlo Struppa, Alain Yger

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The phenomenon of superoscillations is of great interest in microscopy, antenna design, and material sciences. This phenomenon has been generalized and has given rise to the concept of supershift, which is a far reaching extension that applies to functions that may present discontinuous derivatives. From this perspective, this is a notion that might have significant applications. This paper will provide an up to date report on the complex connections between the concept of supershift and that of analyticity.


Subfitness In Distributive (Semi)Lattices, G. Bezhanishvili, J. Madden, M. A. Moshier, M. Tressl, Joanne Walters-Wayland Mar 2025

Subfitness In Distributive (Semi)Lattices, G. Bezhanishvili, J. Madden, M. A. Moshier, M. Tressl, Joanne Walters-Wayland

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We investigate whether the set of subfit elements of a distributive semilattice is an ideal. This question was raised by the second author at the BLAST conference in 2022. We show that in general it has a negative solution, however if the semilattice is a lattice, then the solution is positive. This is somewhat unexpected since, as we show, a semilattice is subfit if and only if so is its distributive lattice envelope.


Vieta’S Formula, The Fabius Function And The Partition Function, Ahmed Sebbar Dec 2024

Vieta’S Formula, The Fabius Function And The Partition Function, Ahmed Sebbar

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We use an idea of Pólya and Szegö to give a common basis to Vieta’s formula, Fabius function and the partition function. Moreover our construction leads also to a function considered by Hallström, Bowen and Macintyre, which has, as a particular value, the Kepler-Bouwkamp constant, and to a function considered by Zondadari, that vanishes only at prime numbers.


Q-Rational Functions And Interpolation With Complete Nevanlinna–Pick Kernels, Daniel Alpay, Paula Cerejeiras, Uwe Kaehler, Baruch Schneider Sep 2024

Q-Rational Functions And Interpolation With Complete Nevanlinna–Pick Kernels, Daniel Alpay, Paula Cerejeiras, Uwe Kaehler, Baruch Schneider

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper we introduce the concept of matrix-valued q-rational functions. In comparison to the classical case, we give different characterizations with principal emphasis on realizations and discuss algebraic manipulations. We also study the concept of Schur multipliers and complete Nevanlinna–Pick kernels in the context of q-deformed reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and provide first applications in terms of an interpolation problem using Schur multipliers and complete Nevanlinna–Pick kernels.


The Bicomplex Tensor Product And A Bicomplex Choi Theorem, Daniel Alpay, Antonino De Martino, Kamal Diki, Mihaela Vajiac Aug 2024

The Bicomplex Tensor Product And A Bicomplex Choi Theorem, Daniel Alpay, Antonino De Martino, Kamal Diki, Mihaela Vajiac

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper we extend the concept of tensor product to the bicomplex case and use it to prove the bicomplex counterpart of the classical Choi theorem in the theory of complex matrices and operators. The concept of hyperbolic tensor product is also discussed, and we link these results to the theory of quantum channels in the bicomplex and hyperbolic case.


Short-Time Fourier Transform And Superoscillations, Daniel Alpay, Antonino De Martino, Kamal Diki, Daniele C. Struppa Jul 2024

Short-Time Fourier Transform And Superoscillations, Daniel Alpay, Antonino De Martino, Kamal Diki, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper we investigate new results on the theory of superoscillations using time-frequency analysis tools and techniques such as the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and the Zak transform. We start by studying how the short-time Fourier transform acts on superoscillation sequences. We then apply the supershift property to prove that the short-time Fourier transform preserves the superoscillatory behavior by taking the limit. It turns out that these computations lead to interesting connections with various features of time-frequency analysis such as Gabor spaces, Gabor kernels, Gabor frames, 2D-complex Hermite polynomials, and polyanalytic functions. We treat different cases depending on the …


Generalized Q-Fock Spaces And Structural Identities, Daniel Alpay, Paula Cerejeiras, Uwe Kaehler, Baruch Schneider Apr 2024

Generalized Q-Fock Spaces And Structural Identities, Daniel Alpay, Paula Cerejeiras, Uwe Kaehler, Baruch Schneider

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Using 𝑞-calculus we study a family of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces which interpolate between the Hardy space and the Fock space. We give characterizations of these spaces in terms of classical operators such as integration and backward-shift operators, and their 𝑞-calculus counterparts. Furthermore, these new spaces allow us to study intertwining operators between classic backward-shift operators and the q-Jackson derivative.


On Axially Rational Regular Functions And Schur Analysis In The Clifford-Appell Setting, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Antonino De Martino, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini Apr 2024

On Axially Rational Regular Functions And Schur Analysis In The Clifford-Appell Setting, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Antonino De Martino, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper we start the study of Schur analysis for Cauchy–Fueter regular quaternionic-valued functions, i.e. null solutions of the Cauchy–Fueter operator in . The novelty of the approach developed in this paper is that we consider axially regular functions, i.e. functions spanned by the so-called Clifford-Appell polynomials. This type of functions arises naturally from two well-known extension results in hypercomplex analysis: the Fueter mapping theorem and the generalized Cauchy–Kovalevskaya (GCK) extension. These results allow one to obtain axially regular functions starting from analytic functions of one real or complex variable. Precisely, in the Fueter theorem two operators play a …


Spacetime Geometry Of Acoustics And Electromagnetism, Lucas Burns, Tatsuya Daniel, Stephon Alexander, Justin Dressel Feb 2024

Spacetime Geometry Of Acoustics And Electromagnetism, Lucas Burns, Tatsuya Daniel, Stephon Alexander, Justin Dressel

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Both acoustics and electromagnetism represent measurable fields in terms of dynamical potential fields. Electromagnetic force-fields form a spacetime bivector that is represented by a dynamical energy–momentum 4-vector potential field. Acoustic pressure and velocity fields form an energy–momentum density 4-vector field that is represented by a dynamical action scalar potential field. Surprisingly, standard field theory analyses of spin angular momentum based on these traditional potential representations contradict recent experiments, which motivates a careful reassessment of both theories. We analyze extensions of both theories that use the full geometric structure of spacetime to respect essential symmetries enforced by vacuum wave propagation. The …


Pseudo-Differential Operators On The Circle, Bernoulli Polynomials, Roger Gay, Ahmed Sebbar Feb 2024

Pseudo-Differential Operators On The Circle, Bernoulli Polynomials, Roger Gay, Ahmed Sebbar

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We show how the classical polylogarithm function Lis (z) and its relatives, the Hurwitz zeta function and the Lerch function are all of a spectral nature, and can explain many properties of the complex powers of the Laplacian on the circle and of the distribution (x +i0)s .We also make a relation with a result of Keiper [Fractional Calculus and its relationship to Riemann’s zeta function, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Mathematics (1975)].


Some Properties Of Conjunctivity (Subfitness) In Generalized Settings, M. Andrew Moshier, Jorge Picado, Aleš Pultr Nov 2023

Some Properties Of Conjunctivity (Subfitness) In Generalized Settings, M. Andrew Moshier, Jorge Picado, Aleš Pultr

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The property of subfitness used in point-free topology (roughly speaking) to replace the slightly stronger T1-separation, appeared (as disjunctivity) already in the pioneering Wallman’s [16], then practically disappeared to reappear again (conjunctivity, subfitness), until it was in the recent decades recognized as an utmost important condition playing a very special role. Recently, it was also observed that this property (or its dual) appeared independently in general poset setting (e.g. as separativity in connection with forcing). In a recent paper [2], Delzell, Ighedo and Madden discussed it in the context of semilattices. In this article we discuss …


Superoscillations And Fock Spaces, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa Sep 2023

Superoscillations And Fock Spaces, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper we use techniques in Fock spaces theory and compute how the Segal-Bargmann transform acts on special wave functions obtained by multiplying superoscillating sequences with normalized Hermite functions. It turns out that these special wave functions can be constructed also by computing the approximating sequence of the normalized Hermite functions. First, we start by treating the case when a superoscillating sequence is multiplied by the Gaussian function. Then, we extend these calculations to the case of normalized Hermite functions leading to interesting relations with Weyl operators. In particular, we show that the Segal-Bargmann transform maps superoscillating sequences onto …


A Dilation Theoretic Approach To Approximation By Inner Functions, Daniel Alpay, Tirthankar Bhattacharyya, Abhay Jindal, Poornendu Kumar Jul 2023

A Dilation Theoretic Approach To Approximation By Inner Functions, Daniel Alpay, Tirthankar Bhattacharyya, Abhay Jindal, Poornendu Kumar

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Using results from the theory of operators on a Hilbert space, we prove approximation results for matrix-valued holomorphic functions on the unit disc and the unit bidisc. The essential tools are the theory of unitary dilation of a contraction and the realization formula for functions in the unit ball of . We first prove a generalization of a result of Carathéodory. This generalization has many applications. A uniform approximation result for matrix-valued holomorphic functions which extend continuously to the unit circle is proved using the Potapov factorization. This generalizes a theorem due to Fisher. Approximation results are proved for matrix-valued …


An Extension Of The Complex–Real (C–R) Calculus To The Bicomplex Setting, With Applications, Daniel Alpay, Kamal Diki, Mihaela Vajiac Jul 2023

An Extension Of The Complex–Real (C–R) Calculus To The Bicomplex Setting, With Applications, Daniel Alpay, Kamal Diki, Mihaela Vajiac

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper, we extend notions of complex ℂ−ℝ-calculus to the bicomplex setting and compare the bicomplex polyanalytic function theory to the classical complex case. Applications of this theory include two bicomplex least mean square algorithms, which extend classical real and complex least mean square algorithms.


Operators Induced By Certain Hypercomplex Systems, Daniel Alpay, Ilwoo Choo May 2023

Operators Induced By Certain Hypercomplex Systems, Daniel Alpay, Ilwoo Choo

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper, we consider a family {Ht}t∈R of rings of hypercomplex numbers, indexed by the real numbers, which contain both the quaternions and the split-quaternions. We consider natural Hilbert-space representations {(C2, πt)}t∈R of the hypercomplex system {Ht}t∈R, and study the realizations πt(h) of hypercomplex numbers h ∈ Ht, as (2 × 2)-matrices acting on C2, for an arbitrarily fixed scale t ∈ R. Algebraic, operator-theoretic, spectral-analytic, and free-probabilistic properties of them are considered.


A Hörmander–Fock Space, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa May 2023

A Hörmander–Fock Space, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In a recent paper we used a basic decomposition property of polyanalytic functions of order 2 in one complex variable to characterize solutions of the classical ∂-problem for given analytic and polyanalytic data. Our approach suggested the study of a special reproducing kernel Hilbert space that we call the Hörmander-Fock space that will be further investigated in this paper. The main properties of this space are encoded in a specific moment sequence denoted by η= (ηn)n≥0 leading to a special entire function E(z) that is used to express the kernel function of the Hörmander-Fock space. We …


Hörmander’S L2 -Method, ∂-Problem And Polyanalytic Function Theory In One Complex Variable, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa Mar 2023

Hörmander’S L2 -Method, ∂-Problem And Polyanalytic Function Theory In One Complex Variable, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper we consider the classical ∂-problem in the case of one complex variable both for analytic and polyanalytic data. We apply the decomposition property of polyanalytic functions in order to construct particular solutions of this problem and obtain new Hörmander type estimates using suitable powers of the Cauchy-Riemann operator. We also compute particular solutions of the ∂-problem for specific polyanalytic data such as the Itô complex Hermite polynomials and polyanalytic Fock kernels.


The Structure Of Locally Integral Involutive Po-Monoids And Semirings, José Gil-Férez, Peter Jipsen, Siddhartha Lodhia Mar 2023

The Structure Of Locally Integral Involutive Po-Monoids And Semirings, José Gil-Férez, Peter Jipsen, Siddhartha Lodhia

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We show that every locally integral involutive partially ordered monoid (ipo-monoid) A = (A,⩽, ·, 1,∼,−), and in particular every locally integral involutive semiring, decomposes in a unique way into a family {Ap : p ∈ A+} of integral ipo-monoids, which we call its integral components. In the semiring case, the integral components are semirings. Moreover, we show that there is a family of monoid homomorphisms Φ = {φpq : Ap → Aq : p ⩽ q}, indexed on the positive cone (A+,⩽), so that the structure of A can be recovered as a glueing R ΦAp of its integral …


Music: Numbers In Motion, Graziano Gentili, Luisa Simonutti, Daniele C. Struppa Jan 2023

Music: Numbers In Motion, Graziano Gentili, Luisa Simonutti, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Music develops and appears as we allow numbers to acquire a dynamical aspect and create, through their growth, the various keys that permit the richness of the musical texture. This idea was simply adumbrated in Plato’s work, but its importance to his philosophical worldview cannot be underestimated. In this paper we begin by discussing what is probably the first written record of an attempt to create a good temperament and then follow the Pythagoreans approach, whose problems forced musicians, over the next several centuries up to the Renaissance and early modern times, to come up with many different variations.


The Merchant And The Mathematician: Commerce And Accounting, Graziano Gentili, Luisa Simonutti, Daniele C. Struppa Jan 2023

The Merchant And The Mathematician: Commerce And Accounting, Graziano Gentili, Luisa Simonutti, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this article we describe the invention of double-entry bookkeeping (or partita doppiaas it was called in Italian), as a fertile intersection between mathematics and early commerce. We focus our attention on this seemingly simple technique that requires only minimal mathematical expertise, but whose discovery is clearly the result of a mathematical way of thinking, in order to make a conceptual point about the role of mathematics as the humus from which disciplines as different as operations research, computer science, and data science have evolved.


An Uncountable Ergodic Roth Theorem And Applications, Polona Durcik, Rachel Greenfeld, Annina Iseli, Asgar Jamneshan, José Madrid Nov 2022

An Uncountable Ergodic Roth Theorem And Applications, Polona Durcik, Rachel Greenfeld, Annina Iseli, Asgar Jamneshan, José Madrid

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We establish an uncountable amenable ergodic Roth theorem, in which the acting group is not assumed to be countable and the space need not be separable. This generalizes a previous result of Bergelson, McCutcheon and Zhang, and complements a result of Zorin- Kranich. We establish the following two additional results: First, a combinatorial application about triangular patterns in certain subsets of the Cartesian square of arbitrary amenable groups, extending a result of Bergelson, McCutcheon and Zhang for countable amenable groups. Second, a uniformity aspect in the double recurrence theorem for Γ-systems for arbitrary uniformly amenable groups Γ. Our uncountable Roth …


On Superoscillations And Supershifts In Several Variables, Yakir Aharonov, Fabrizio Colombo, Andrew N. Jordan, Irene Sabadini, Tomer Shushi, Daniele C. Struppa, Jeff Tollaksen Jul 2022

On Superoscillations And Supershifts In Several Variables, Yakir Aharonov, Fabrizio Colombo, Andrew N. Jordan, Irene Sabadini, Tomer Shushi, Daniele C. Struppa, Jeff Tollaksen

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The aim of this paper is to study a class of superoscillatory functions in several variables, removing some restrictions on the functions that we introduced in a previous paper. Since the tools that we used with our approach are not common knowledge we will give detailed proof for the case of two variables. The results proved for superoscillatory functions in several variables can be further extended to supershifts in several variables.


Fock And Hardy Spaces: Clifford Appell Case, Daniel Alpay, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini Apr 2022

Fock And Hardy Spaces: Clifford Appell Case, Daniel Alpay, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper, we study a specific system of Clifford–Appell polynomials and, in particular, their product. Moreover, we introduce a new family of quaternionic reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces in the framework of Fueter regular functions. The construction is based on a general idea which allows us to obtain various function spaces by specifying a suitable sequence of real numbers. We focus on the Fock and Hardy cases in this setting, and we study the action of the Fueter mapping and its range.