Mathematics Commons^™

Temporal Dynamics Of Faculty Hiring In Mathematics, Cody Fitzgerald, Yitong Huang, Katelyn Plaisier Leisman, Chad M. Topaz

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

University faculty hiring networks are known to be hierarchical and to exacerbate various types of inequity. Still, a detailed, historical understanding of hiring dynamics lacks in many academic fields. We focus on the field of mathematics, analyzing over 120,000 records from 150 institutions over seven decades to elucidate the temporal dynamics of hiring doctoral-granting (DG) faculty at the individual and departmental levels. We demonstrate that the disparity between the number of mathematics Ph.D.s awarded and the number of DG faculty positions filled has grown over time. Even institutions with the best records of DG faculty placement have experienced a temporal …

A History Of Complex Simple Lie Algebras, Avrila Frazier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 1869, prompted by his work in differential equations, Sophus Lie wondered about categorizing what he called “closed systems of commutative transformations,” while around the same time, Wilhelm Killing’s work on non-Euclidean geometry encountered related topics. As mathematicians recognized this as a division of abstract algebra, the area became known as “continuous transformation groups," but we now refer to them as Lie groups.

Patterns and structures emerged from their work, such as describing Lie groups in connection with their associated Lie algebras, which can be categorized in many important ways. In this paper, we focus on Lie algebras over the …

How An Instructor's Noticing For Equity Can Foster Students' Sense Of Belonging And Mathematical Confidence, Sthefania Espinosa

Theses and Dissertations

There are many aspects a teacher can notice inside the mathematics classroom, and the more a teacher notices, the more difficult it is to teach. In this study, I particularly focus on noticing for equity, which describes the role of the teacher in attending to students’ mathematical thinking through an equity lens that can allow the instructor to notice the aspects of classroom mathematical activity that can make students feel less or more empowered in their mathematical practices (van Es et al., 2017). There exists few research about how students perceive their instructor’s effort to promote equity and …

The Construction Of Khovanov Homology, Shiaohan Liu

Master's Theses

Knot theory is a rich topic in topology that studies the how circles can be embedded in Euclidean 3-space. One of the main questions in knot theory is how to distinguish between different types of knots efficiently. One way to approach this problem is to study knot invariants, which are properties of knots that do not change under a standard set of deformations. We give a brief overview of basic knot theory, and examine a specific knot invariant known as Khovanov homology. Khovanov homology is a homological invariant that refines the Jones polynomial, another knot invariant that assigns a Laurent …

Aspects Of Stochastic Geometric Mechanics In Molecular Biophysics, David Frost

All Dissertations

In confocal single-molecule FRET experiments, the joint distribution of FRET efficiency and donor lifetime distribution can reveal underlying molecular conformational dynamics via deviation from their theoretical Forster relationship. This shift is referred to as a dynamic shift. In this study, we investigate the influence of the free energy landscape in protein conformational dynamics on the dynamic shift by simulation of the associated continuum reaction coordinate Langevin dynamics, yielding a deeper understanding of the dynamic and structural information in the joint FRET efficiency and donor lifetime distribution. We develop novel Langevin models for the dye linker dynamics, including rotational dynamics, based …

Zero-Knowledge Reductions And Confidential Arithmetic, Marvin Jones

All Dissertations

The changes in computing paradigms to shift computations to third parties have resulted in the necessity of these computations to be provable. Zero-knowledge arguments are probabilistic arguments that are used to to verify computations without secret data being leaked to the verifying party.

In this dissertation, we study zero-knowledge arguments with specific focus on reductions. Our main contributions are:

1. Provide a thorough survey in a variety of zero-knowledge techniques and protocols.
2. Prove various results of reductions that can be used to study interactive protocols in terms of subroutines. Additionally, we identify an issue in the analogous definition of zero-knowledge for …

Measuring The Lengths Of Sperm Whales Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico By Wavelet Analysis Of Their Usual Clicks, George Drouant

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

Acoustic recordings of underwater sounds produced by marine mammals present an attractive alternative to costly and logistically complex ship based visual surveys for collecting population data for various species.

The first reported use of underwater acoustic recordings in the long-term monitoring of sperm whale populations was by Ackleh et al. (Ackleh et al., 2012). The paper describes counting sperm whale clicks at different locations to track population changes over time.

Analysis of sperm whale clicks offers additional insight into sperm whale populations. The echo location clicks (usual clicks) of sperm whales can be used to give an estimate of …

Travel Time Theory For Traffic Conservation Laws With Applications, Sergio Contreras

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Travel time is an important concept in various intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications. The concept is used in a wide array of applications, such as system planning, system performance, and optimization. Reducing the time required to travel between different points on a network is an important goal. Benefits include reducing time wasted in traveling, and keeping travelers satisfied. Thus, studying and reducing travel time in ITS is beneficial in different applications.

The classic density-based Lighthill Whitman Richards (LWR) equation for modeling traffic flow is the starting point in this dissertation. A more recent travel time dynamics function built on top …

On Dyadic Parity Check Codes And Their Generalizations, Meraiah Martinez

Department of Mathematics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In order to communicate information over a noisy channel, error-correcting codes can be used to ensure that small errors don’t prevent the transmission of a message. One family of codes that has been found to have good properties is low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. These are represented by sparse bipartite graphs and have low complexity graph-based decoding algorithms. Various graphical properties, such as the girth and stopping sets, influence when these algorithms might fail. Additionally, codes based on algebraically structured parity check matrices are desirable in applications due to their compact representations, practical implementation advantages, and tractable decoder performance analysis. …

Godel, Escherian Staircase And Possibility Of Quantum Wormhole With Liquid Crystalline Phase Of Iced-Water - Part I: Theoretical Underpinning, Victor Christianto, T. Daniel Chandra, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

As a senior physicist colleague and our friend, Robert N. Boyd, wrote in a journal (JCFA, Vol. 1,. 2, 2022), Our universe is but one page in a large book [4]. For example, things and Beings can travel between Universes, intentionally or unintentionally. In this short remark, we revisit and offer short remark to Neil’s ideas and trying to connect them with geometrization of musical chords as presented by D. Tymoczko and others, then to Escher staircase and then to Jacob’s ladder which seems to point to possibility to interpret Jacob’s vision as described in the ancient book of Genesis …

Godel, Escherian Staircase And Possibility Of Quantum Wormhole With Liquid Crystalline Phase Of Iced-Water - Part Ii: Experiment Description, Victor Christianto, T. Daniel Chandra, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The present article was partly inspired by G. Pollack’s book, and also Dadoloff, Saxena & Jensen (2010). As a senior physicist colleague and our friend, Robert N. Boyd, wrote in a journal (JCFA, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2022), for example, things and Beings can travel between Universes, intentionally or unintentionally [4]. In this short remark, we revisit and offer short remark to Neil Boyd’s ideas and trying to connect them with geometry of musical chords as presented by D. Tymoczko and others, then to Escherian staircase and then to Jacob’s ladder which seems to pointto possibility to interpret Jacob’s vision …

Generalized Vulnerability Measures Of Graphs, Julia Vanlandingham

All Theses

Several measures of vulnerability of a graph look at how easy it is to disrupt the network by removing/disabling vertices. As graph-theoretical parameters, they treat all vertices alike: each vertex is equally important. For example, the integrity parameter considers the number of vertices removed and the maximum number of vertices in a component that remains. We consider the generalization of these measures of vulnerability to weighted vertices in order to better model real-world applications. In particular, we investigate bounds on the weighted versions of connectivity and integrity, when polynomial algorithms for computation exist, and other characteristics of the generalized measures.

Turing Patterns In A P-Adic Fitzhugh-Nagumo System On The Unit Ball, L. F. Chacón-Cortés, C. A. Garcia-Bibiano, Wilson A. Zuniga-Galindo

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

We introduce discrete and p-adic continuous versions of the FitzHugh-Nagumo system on the one-dimensional p-adic unit ball. We provide criteria for the existence of Turing patterns. We present extensive simulations of some of these systems. The simulations show that the Turing patterns are traveling waves in the p-adic unit ball.

Stochastic Optimal Control Of Conditional Mckean-Vlasov Equations With Jump And Markovian Switching, Charles Samuel Conly Sharp

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis obtains a number of results in stochastic optimal control for conditional McKean-Vlasov equations with jump and Markovian switching. First, we prove the uniqueness of the solutions and derive a relevant version of Itô's formula. We provide the dynamic programming principle and prove the associated verification theorem. A stochastic maximum principle is established. Further, we derive the relationship between dynamic programming and the stochastic maximum principle. Additionally, we utilize our stochastic maximum principle result for a mean-variance portfolio selection problem.

Integrating Machine Learning Methods For Medical Diagnosis, Jazmin Quezada

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Abstract:The rapid advancement of machine learning techniques has revolutionized the field of medical diagnosis by offering powerful tools to analyze complex data sets and make accurate predictions. In this proposed method, we present a novel approach that integrates machine learning and optimization models to enhance the accuracy of medical diagnoses. Our method focuses on fine-tuning and optimizing the parameters of machine learning algorithms commonly used in medical diagnosis, such as logistic regression, support vector machines, and neural networks. By employing optimization techniques, we systematically explore the parameter space of these algorithms to discover the most optimal configurations. Moreover, by representing …

Lie Algebras And Lie Groups, Nhi Nguyen

Algebra Seminar

No abstract provided.

The Heisenberg Lie Algebra And Its Role In The Quantum Mechanical Harmonic Oscillator, Angelina Georg

Algebra Seminar

No abstract provided.

Irreducible Representations Of Sl(2,C), Della Medovoy

Algebra Seminar

No abstract provided.

Irreducible Representations Of Sl(2,C), Della Medovoy

Mathematics Colloquium Series

No abstract provided.

Lie Algebras And Lie Groups, Nhi Nguyen

Mathematics Colloquium Series

No abstract provided.

The Heisenberg Lie Algebra And Its Role In The Quantum Mechanical Harmonic Oscillator, Angelina Georg

Mathematics Colloquium Series

No abstract provided.

The Factors Affecting Fashion Trends Have Changing Over The Years By Different Age Groups & The Evolution Of Media., Omnahqiran Dazz

Honors Theses

Introduction:

Fashion trends undergo continuous evolution, influenced by factors such as age groups and the ever-changing landscape of media. This research delves into the intricate relationship between these elements. Initially driven by a passion for fashion, the project expanded to explore the profound impact of social media evolution over the past 15-20 years.

Objectives: Investigate changing fashion trends across age groups.

Examine the evolution of media.

Analyze the factors affecting current-day fashion trends.

Explore the influence of social media on fashion choices.

This study provides invaluable insights for fashion designers, brands, and retailers, aiding in the development of effective market …

Jumping Frogs On Cyclic Graphs, Jake Mitchell

Honors College Theses

From the traditional game of Solitaire to modern video games like Candy Crush and Five Nights at Freddy’s, single-player games have captivated audiences for gener- ations. We investigate a lesser-known single-player game, the Jumping Frogs problem, on various classes of simple graphs, a graph with no multiple edges or looped ver- tices. We determine whether frogs can be stacked together on one vertex of a given graph. In a graph with k vertices and one frog on each vertex, the frogs must make legal jumps to form a stack of k frogs. The problem is known to be solvable on …

1324-Avoiding (0,1)-Matrices, Megan Bennett

Mathematics Colloquium Series

A 1324-avoiding (0,1)-matrix is an 𝑚×𝑛 matrix that does not contain the 1324-pattern. Our goal is to find the maximum number of 1’s that an 𝑚 × 𝑛 1324-avoiding (0,1)-matrix can contain. We build upon Brualdi and Cao’s recent work, where they characterized the 𝑚 × 𝑛 1234-avoiding matrices with the maximum number of 1’s. They found that these matrices can contain up to 3(𝑚 + 𝑛 − 3) 1’s. We originally conjectured that 1324-avoiding matrices must contain at most the same number of 1’s, as is the case with the six patterns formed by permutations of {1,2,3}. However, we …

The Negative Stigma Surrounding Mathematics, Marissa A. Greisen

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

There is a negative stigma that surrounds mathematics in our education system. It is important to bring notice to this for the benefit of future students. There is a lot of research claiming that math is looked down on, but they do not answer why, or what we can do to fix it. Why is there a greater negative stigma around math and not other subjects? What roles to teachers, parents, and peers play in this stigma? In this article, I created a survey for people to answer questions regarding their opinion on math, who they believe typically does well …

Exploring Non-Orientable Topology: Deriving The Poincaré Conjecture And Possibility Of Experimental Vindication With Liquid Crystal, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This review investigates the potential of non-orientable topology as a fundamental framework for understanding the Poincaré conjecture and its implications across various scientific disciplines. Integrating insights from Dokuchaev (2020), Rapoport, Christianto, Chandra, Smarandache (under review), and other pioneering works, this article explores the theoretical foundations linking non-orientable spaces to resolving the Poincaré conjecture and its broader implications in theoretical physics, geology, cosmology, and biology.

On Determining The Equation Of A Salkowski Curve Satisfying Tau/Kappa=1/S, Yun Myung Oh, Devin Garcia-Roblero

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we determine the equation of a Salkowski curve whose ratio of torsion to curvature is given by 1/s, where s is the arc length of the curve. The Frenet-Serret equations provide the third-order vector differential equation for the unit tangent vector T(s) and the general (series) solution was obtained. In the end, the series solution is entirely determined by the given initial conditions.

Eigenvalue Algorithm For Hausdorff Dimension On Complex Kleinian Groups, Jacob Linden, Xuqing Wu

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

In this manuscript, we present computational results approximating the Hausdorff dimension for the limit sets of complex Kleinian groups. We apply McMullen's eigenvalue algorithm \cite{mcmullen} in symmetric and non-symmetric examples of complex Kleinian groups, arising in both real and complex hyperbolic space. Numerical results are compared with asymptotic estimates in each case. Python code used to obtain all results and figures can be found at \url{https://github.com/WXML-HausDim/WXML-project}, all of which took only minutes to run on a personal computer.

Population Growth Models: Relationship Between Sustainable Fishing And Making A Profit, James Sandefur

CODEE Journal

In this paper, we develop differential equations that model the sustainable harvesting of species having different characteristics. Specifically, we assume the species satisfies one of two different types of density dependence. From these equations, we consider maximizing sustainable harvests. We then introduce a cost function for fishing and study how maximizing profit affects the harvesting strategy. We finally introduce the concept of open access which helps explain the collapse of many fish stocks.

The equations studied involve relatively simple rational and exponential functions. We analyze the differential equations using phase-line analysis as well as graphing approximate solutions using Euler's method, …

Combinatorially Orthogonal Paths, Sean A. Bailey, David E. Brown, Leroy Beaseley

Communications on Number Theory and Combinatorial Theory

Vectors x=(x₁,x₂,...,x_n)^T and y=(y₁,y₂,...,y_n)^T are combinatorially orthogonal if |{i:x_iy_i≠0}|≠1. An undirected graph G=(V,E) is a combinatorially orthogonal graph if there exists f:V→ℝⁿ such that for any u,v∈V, uv∉E iff f(u) and f(v) are combinatorially orthogonal. We will show that every graph has a combinatorially orthogonal representation. We will show …