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2021

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Articles 781 - 810 of 1314

Full-Text Articles in Mathematics

Local Well-Posedness And Blow-Up For A Family Of U(1)-Invariant Peakon Equations, Stephen C. Anco, Huijun He, Zhijun Qiao Feb 2021

Local Well-Posedness And Blow-Up For A Family Of U(1)-Invariant Peakon Equations, Stephen C. Anco, Huijun He, Zhijun Qiao

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

The Cauchy problem for a unified family of integrable U(1)-invariant peakon equations from the NLS hierarchy is studied. As main results, local well-posedness is proved in Besov spaces, and blow-up is established through use of an L 1 conservation law.

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Positive Solutions For A Class Of Elliptic Equations, Xiyou Cheng, Zhaosheng Feng, Lei Wei Feb 2021

Positive Solutions For A Class Of Elliptic Equations, Xiyou Cheng, Zhaosheng Feng, Lei Wei

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

This paper is concerned with a class of semilinear elliptic equations with a potential function−Δu=λ|x|−αu−|x|σupinΩ∖{0},where λ,σ∈R, α>0, p>1, and Ω⊂RN (N≥3) is a bounded smooth domain with 0∈Ω. We establish the existence, nonexistence and asymptotic behavior of positive solutions when the potential function |x|−α has strong singularity at the origin. When the potential function |x|−α has weak singularity at the origin, we obtain some qualitative properties of positive solutions.

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Frege’S Theory Of Real Numbers: A Consistent Rendering, Francesca Boccuni, Marco Panza Feb 2021

Frege’S Theory Of Real Numbers: A Consistent Rendering, Francesca Boccuni, Marco Panza

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Frege’s definition of the real numbers, as envisaged in the second volume of Grundgesetze der Arithmetik, is fatally flawed by the inconsistency of Frege’s ill-fated Basic Law V. We restate Frege’s definition in a consistent logical framework and investigate whether it can provide a logical foundation of real analysis. Our conclusion will deem it doubtful that such a foundation along the lines of Frege’s own indications is possible at all.

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First Exit-Time Analysis For An Approximate Barndorff-Nielsen And Shephard Model With Stationary Self-Decomposable Variance Process, Shantanu Awasthi, Indranil Sengupta Feb 2021

First Exit-Time Analysis For An Approximate Barndorff-Nielsen And Shephard Model With Stationary Self-Decomposable Variance Process, Shantanu Awasthi, Indranil Sengupta

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

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Nilpotent Graph, Dhiren Kumar Basnet, Ajay Sharma, Rahul Dutta Feb 2021

Nilpotent Graph, Dhiren Kumar Basnet, Ajay Sharma, Rahul Dutta

Theory & Applications of Graphs

In this article, we introduce the concept of nilpotent graph of a finite commutative ring. The set of all non nilpotent elements of a ring is taken as the vertex set and two vertices are adjacent if and only if their sum is nilpotent. We discuss some graph theoretic properties of nilpotent graph.

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Securing Anonymous Authenticated Announcement Protocol For Group Signature In Internet Of Vehicle, Nur Afiqah Suzelan Amir Feb 2021

Securing Anonymous Authenticated Announcement Protocol For Group Signature In Internet Of Vehicle, Nur Afiqah Suzelan Amir

Student Works (2020-2029)

The past decade has witnessed a growing interest in vehicular networking and its vast array of potential applications. Improved wireless internet connectivity from vehicles has prompted road safety technologies to emerge. Announcement protocol in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an intelligent application to improve road safety, relieve traffic congestion and enhance the comfort of transportation. IoV has drawn extensive attention to provide more enjoyable and safer driving environment. It requires communication between vehicles, roadside units and pedestrian to disseminate safety related messages. Vehicular cloud (VC) computing can guarantee reliable and timely broadcast of safety messages. The integration of IoV and …

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A Quiver Variety Approach To Root Multiplicities, Peter Tingley Feb 2021

A Quiver Variety Approach To Root Multiplicities, Peter Tingley

Mathematics and Statistics: Faculty Publications and Other Works

We present combinatorial upper bounds on dimensions of certain imaginary root spaces for symmetric Kac–Moody algebras. These come from the realization of the corresponding infinity-crystal using quiver varieties. The framework is general, but we only work out specifics in rank two. In that case we give explicit bounds. These turn out to be quite accurate, and in many cases exact, even for some fairly large roots.

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Ground Snow Loads For Asce 7-22 – What Has Changed And Why?, Marc Maguire, Brennan L. Bean, James Harris, Abbie Liel, Scott Russell Feb 2021

Ground Snow Loads For Asce 7-22 – What Has Changed And Why?, Marc Maguire, Brennan L. Bean, James Harris, Abbie Liel, Scott Russell

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

The changes to the ASCE 7 ground snow load maps proposed for the 2022 edition target a uniform reliability rather than a uniform hazard – an important distinction – and are the first of their kind in ASCE 7. Previously, the ASCE 7 snow loads used a uniform-hazard 50-year mean recurrence interval (MRI) with a 1.6 load factor. The newly proposed loads directly target the safety levels stipulated in Chapter 1 of ASCE 7, resulting in a strength design level load that is to be used with a load factor of 1.0. This paper describes changes in design provisions that …

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Influence Of Covid-19 On The Psychological Wellbeing Of Tertiary Institution Students In Nigeria, Seun Akorede, Ayodotun Ajayi, Atanda Toyin, Gilbert Uwadia Feb 2021

Influence Of Covid-19 On The Psychological Wellbeing Of Tertiary Institution Students In Nigeria, Seun Akorede, Ayodotun Ajayi, Atanda Toyin, Gilbert Uwadia

Tanzania Journal of Science

The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a global lockdown, pending the time medical researchers find a vaccine for the coronavirus. This study examined if loneliness, depression and stress are influences of COVID-19 on the psychological wellbeing of tertiary institutions students in Nigeria. A descriptive research design of survey type was employed for this study. The population comprised all students of tertiary institutions in Nigeria totaling about 4,406,000. One hundred and thirty-seven (137) respondents were sampled for the study. A validated researcher developed questionnaire tested for reliability was used for the study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. …

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Modelling Road Traffic Accidents Counts In Tanzania: A Poisson Regression Approach, Thadei Sagamiko, Nyimvua Mbare Feb 2021

Modelling Road Traffic Accidents Counts In Tanzania: A Poisson Regression Approach, Thadei Sagamiko, Nyimvua Mbare

Tanzania Journal of Science

Road traffic accidents have become serious threats to Tanzanians in recent years. The outcryemanates from the increasing prevalence of negative effects of accidents on human lives,properties, environments and the economy. Poisson regression model was used to study therelationship between road accidents and the factors facilitating them in Tanzania. Count data onyearly road traffic accidents for Tanzania covering the period 1993 to 2019 were used. Due toover-dispersion of Poisson regression model, quasi-Poisson regression model was found the mostappropriate approach for the analysis of these data. Results indicated that all predictors aresignificant under Poisson regression model with p-value less than 0.05 but …

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Campylobacteriosis Transmission Dynamics In Humans: Modeling The Effects Of Public Health Education, Treatment, And Sanitation, Furaha Chuma, Zubeda Mussa Feb 2021

Campylobacteriosis Transmission Dynamics In Humans: Modeling The Effects Of Public Health Education, Treatment, And Sanitation, Furaha Chuma, Zubeda Mussa

Tanzania Journal of Science

An epidemic model for the dynamics of campylobacteriosis disease with public health education, treatment, and sanitation control strategies was formulated and analyzed. The stabilities of the equilibrium points were analyzed by using the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. The effective reproduction number was computed by using the Next Generation Matrix method. Numerical simulations were carried out and the results showed that, public health education has a substantial influence on the reduction of the effective reproduction number. Moreover, treatment and sanitation control strategies have also shown significant reduction of infected individuals from the respective population.Keywords: Campylobacteriosis; public health education; treatment; sanitation.

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Application Of Guided Local Search (Gls) In Portfolio Optimization, Collether John Feb 2021

Application Of Guided Local Search (Gls) In Portfolio Optimization, Collether John

Tanzania Journal of Science

Portfolio optimization is a major activity in any operating business. Conventional portfolio optimization research makes simplifying assumptions; for example, they assume no constraint in how many assets one holds (cardinality constraint). They also assume no minimum and maximum holding sizes (holding size constraint). Once these assumptions are relaxed, conventional methods become inapplicable, and hence new methods are needed to tackle this challenge. Threshold Accepting is an established algorithm in the extended portfolio optimization problem. In this paper, an algorithm called Guided Local Search (GLS) is applied using an accurate and efficient designed hill climbing algorithm, named HC-C-R. GLS sitting on …

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A Model For Mapping Combined Effects Of Quality Of Service Parameters And Device Features On Video Streaming Quality Of Experience, Beatrice Buberwa, Mercy Mbise Feb 2021

A Model For Mapping Combined Effects Of Quality Of Service Parameters And Device Features On Video Streaming Quality Of Experience, Beatrice Buberwa, Mercy Mbise

Tanzania Journal of Science

Maintaining quality of streaming video is challenged by network faults resulting into freezes and rebufferings on the video. On top of the network effects, device features have impacts on the image of the video frames displayed during streaming. Despite the simultaneous impacts of video quality from network and device, previous studies considered individual impact of network parameters or devices as influencing factors to propose Quality of Experience (QoE) models. This study proposed QoE model by mapping combined effects from both network and device on video streamed QoE. An experiment to study the effects of video quality from combined effects of …

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Analysis Of Repeated Milk Yields And Composition Traits By Mixed Models For Crossbred Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows, Ewonetu Senbeta, Kefelegn Kefenie, Adane Abebe Feb 2021

Analysis Of Repeated Milk Yields And Composition Traits By Mixed Models For Crossbred Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows, Ewonetu Senbeta, Kefelegn Kefenie, Adane Abebe

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study evaluated the effects of milking month, milking time, and lactation stage on milk yield and composition traits of crossbred dairy cows. Twelve crossbred Holstein Friesian cows with the same parity were purposefully selected and categorized into three groups; each consisting of four. All cows were individually managed for 120 days. Milk yield record was done every day for the morning and evening time whereas milk samples were taken every fifteen-day intervals. Data collected were analysed by PROC MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4. The “morning milkings” in all milking months showed the highest variations for “milk yield” whereas the …

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Mobile Pedestrian Navigation Framework For Multi-Factors Resources Allocation, Joseph Mushi, Baraka Jungwa Feb 2021

Mobile Pedestrian Navigation Framework For Multi-Factors Resources Allocation, Joseph Mushi, Baraka Jungwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Although it is possible for pedestrian to walk to unfamiliar places, familiarizing and finding a way out of new environments is quite challenging unless a pedestrian navigation system (PNS) is used. Most existing PNS solutions are employing vehicle navigation framework, however, such systems are designed to work efficiently for vehicular systems and not suitable for finding shortest path in environment with poor geospatial mapping. This study designed pedestrian navigation framework for PNS that supports resource allocations in environment with poor geospatial mapping. Mixtures of qualitative and quantitative methods have been used to interview prospective users for requirement specifications and experimental …

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Quantum Theories Associated To Increasing Hilbert Space Filtrations And Generalized Jacobi 3–Diagonal Relation, Luigi Accardi, Yun Gang Lu Feb 2021

Quantum Theories Associated To Increasing Hilbert Space Filtrations And Generalized Jacobi 3–Diagonal Relation, Luigi Accardi, Yun Gang Lu

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

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Rate Of Convergence In The Central Limit Theorem For Iid Pareto Variables, Claas Becker, Manuel Bohnet, Sarah Kummert Feb 2021

Rate Of Convergence In The Central Limit Theorem For Iid Pareto Variables, Claas Becker, Manuel Bohnet, Sarah Kummert

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

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The Integer-Antimagic Spectra Of Graphs With A Chord, Richard M. Low, Dan Roberts, Jinze Zheng Feb 2021

The Integer-Antimagic Spectra Of Graphs With A Chord, Richard M. Low, Dan Roberts, Jinze Zheng

Theory & Applications of Graphs

Let Α be a nontrival abelian group. A connected simple graph G = (V, E) is Α-antimagic if there exists an edge labeling f: E(G) → A \ {0} such that the induced vertex labeling f+: V(G) → Α, defined by f+(v) = Σ{uv ∈ E(G) f(uv), is injective. The integer-antimagic spectrum of a graph G is the set IAM(G) = {k |G is {Ζ}k-antimagic} and k ≥2. In this paper, we determine the integer-antimagic spectra for cycles with a chord, paths with a chord, and wheels with a chord.

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Modeling The Effect Of Lockdown Timing As A Covid‑19 Control Measure In Countries With Differing Social Contacts, Tamer Oraby, Michael G. Tyshenko, Jose Campo Maldonado, Kristina Vatcheva, Susie Elsaadany, Walid Q. Alali, Joseph C. Longenecker, Mustafa Al‑Zoughool Feb 2021

Modeling The Effect Of Lockdown Timing As A Covid‑19 Control Measure In Countries With Differing Social Contacts, Tamer Oraby, Michael G. Tyshenko, Jose Campo Maldonado, Kristina Vatcheva, Susie Elsaadany, Walid Q. Alali, Joseph C. Longenecker, Mustafa Al‑Zoughool

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

The application, timing, and duration of lockdown strategies during a pandemic remain poorly quantified with regards to expected public health outcomes. Previous projection models have reached conflicting conclusions about the effect of complete lockdowns on COVID-19 outcomes. We developed a stochastic continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) model with eight states including the environment (SEAMHQRD-V), and derived a formula for the basic reproduction number, R0, for that model. Applying the R 0 formula as a function in previously-published social contact matrices from 152 countries, we produced the distribution and four categories of possible R 0 for the 152 countries and chose one …

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Effects Of Creative Play Activities On Early Mathematics Performance Among Preschoolers, Chong Chai Fung Feb 2021

Effects Of Creative Play Activities On Early Mathematics Performance Among Preschoolers, Chong Chai Fung

Student Works (2020-2029)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of creative play activities on early mathematics performance among preschool children’s number operations in addition and subtraction skills. The sample consisted of 60 six years old children from two different Sekolah Kebangsaan preschools who were selected to participate in this study. 30 children from Preschool A were placed in the Experimental group and 30 children from Preschool B were placed in the Control group. The research instruments consisted pre-test and post-test addition and subtraction questions, 10 lessons of creative play activities on early mathematics in addition and subtraction games for …

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Noncentral Limit Theorem For Large Wishart Matrices With Hermite Entries, Charles-Philippe Diez, Ciprian A. Tudor Feb 2021

Noncentral Limit Theorem For Large Wishart Matrices With Hermite Entries, Charles-Philippe Diez, Ciprian A. Tudor

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

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Symbolic Rees Algebras, Eloísa Grifo, Alexandra Seceleanu Feb 2021

Symbolic Rees Algebras, Eloísa Grifo, Alexandra Seceleanu

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We survey old and new approaches to the study of symbolic powers of ideals. Our focus is on the symbolic Rees algebra of an ideal, viewed both as a tool to investigate its symbolic powers and as a source of challenging problems in its own right. We provide an invitation to this area of investigation by stating several open questions.

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Euler In Wartime: Publishing In The Seven Years' War, Erik R. Tou Feb 2021

Euler In Wartime: Publishing In The Seven Years' War, Erik R. Tou

Euleriana

At the outbreak of the Seven Years' War in 1756, Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) was a successful and prolific scholar at the Berlin Academy of Sciences, well on his way to producing many significant contributions to 18th century science and mathematics. However, once the war began his opportunities were sharply curtailed. Most of the war did not go well for Prussia, and Euler's place in the midst of this conflict limited his ability to publish his work. With the Euler Archive available online, Gustaf Eneström's index may be analyzed more deeply to uncover the effects of the conflict on Euler's life …

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Euler Archive Spotlight, Cynthia J. Huffman Ph.D. Feb 2021

Euler Archive Spotlight, Cynthia J. Huffman Ph.D.

Euleriana

A spotlight on the Euler Archive, including recent translations.

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Euler’S Theories Of Musical Tuning With An English Translation Of Du Véritable Caractère De La Musique Moderne, Larry G. Blaine, Susan Ferré Feb 2021

Euler’S Theories Of Musical Tuning With An English Translation Of Du Véritable Caractère De La Musique Moderne, Larry G. Blaine, Susan Ferré

Euleriana

Du Véritable Caractère de la Musique Moderne (E315), a work almost unknown to musical scholars, is an extremely interesting document in the history of tuning systems. A tuning system is simply an arrangement of sound frequencies for use in music. A just tuning is an arrangement in which the ratios of these frequencies are all ratios of whole numbers- preferably small ones. Classically, these ratios involve only factors of 2, 3, and 5. In particular, a very fundamental chord in music of many genres, the so-called major triad, Has frequency ratios 4:5:6. Euler proposes introducing the prime 7, …

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Principles For Determining The Motion Of Blood Through Arteries, Sylvio R. Bistafa Feb 2021

Principles For Determining The Motion Of Blood Through Arteries, Sylvio R. Bistafa

Euleriana

Translation of Principia pro motu sanguinis per arterias determinando (E855). This work of 1775 by L. Euler is considered to be the first mathematical treatment of circulatory physiology and hemodynamics.

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Euler, Father Of Haemodynamics, Sylvio R. Bistafa Feb 2021

Euler, Father Of Haemodynamics, Sylvio R. Bistafa

Euleriana

This article is being published in conjunction with the translation and synopsis of E855. Principia pro motu sanguinis per arterias determinando of 1775 - view the translation and synopsis by clicking here.

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A History And Translation Of Lagrange's "Sur Quelques Problèmes De L'Analyse De Diophante'', Christopher Goff, Michael Saclolo Feb 2021

A History And Translation Of Lagrange's "Sur Quelques Problèmes De L'Analyse De Diophante'', Christopher Goff, Michael Saclolo

Euleriana

Among Lagrange's many achievements in number theory is a solution to the problem posed and solved by Fermat of finding a right triangle whose legs sum to a perfect square and whose hypotenuse is also a square. This article chronicles various appearances of the problem, including multiple solutions by Euler, all of which inadequately address completeness and minimality of solutions. Finally, we summarize and translate Lagrange's paper in which he solves the problem completely, thus successfully proving the minimality of Fermat's original solution.

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On The Surface Area Of Scalene Cones And Other Conical Bodies, Daniel J. Curtin Feb 2021

On The Surface Area Of Scalene Cones And Other Conical Bodies, Daniel J. Curtin

Euleriana

This paper first appeared in the Novi Commentarii academiae scientiarum Petropolitanae vol. 1, 1750, pp. 3-19 and is reprinted in the Opera Omnia: Series 1, Volume 27, pp. 181–199. Its Eneström number is E133. This translation and the Latin original are available from the Euler Archive.

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The Surface Area Of A Scalene Cone As Solved By Varignon, Leibniz, And Euler, Daniel J. Curtin Feb 2021

The Surface Area Of A Scalene Cone As Solved By Varignon, Leibniz, And Euler, Daniel J. Curtin

Euleriana

In a 1727 mathematical compendium, Pierre Varignon (1654-1722) published his solution to the problem of finding the surface area of a scalene (oblique) cone, one whose base is circular but whose vertex is off-center. The article after Varignon's in that publication was by Gottfried Leibniz (1646-1716), who proposed improvements and even extended the solution to a base with any curve. When Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) published on the subject [E133] in 1750, he gently pointed out an error in Leibniz's solution, which he corrected, after extending Varignon's solution in the case of circular base. Euler then used Leibniz's approach to solve …

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