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Articles 391 - 420 of 748
Full-Text Articles in Mathematics
Neutrosophic N -Structures And Their Applications In Semigroups, Florentin Smarandache, Madad Khan, Saima Anis, Young Bae Jun
Neutrosophic N -Structures And Their Applications In Semigroups, Florentin Smarandache, Madad Khan, Saima Anis, Young Bae Jun
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
The notion of neutrosophic N -structure is introduced, and applied it to semigroup. The notions of neutrosophic N -subsemigroup, neutrosophic N -product and ε-neutrosophic N -subsemigroup are introduced, and several properties are investigated. Conditions for neutrosophic N -structure to be neutrosophic N -subsemigroup are provided. Using neutrosophic N -product, characterization of neutrosophic N -subsemigroup is discussed. Relations between neutrosophic N -subsemigroup and εneutrosophic N -subsemigroup are discussed. We show that the homomorphic preimage of neutrosophic N -subsemigroup is a neutrosophic N - subsemigroup, and the onto homomorphic image of neutrosophic N - subsemigroup is a neutrosophic N -subsemigroup.
A Retinal Vessel Detection Approach Based On Shearlet Transform And Indeterminacy Filtering On Fundus Images, Florentin Smarandache, Yanhui Guo, Umit Budak, Abdulkadir Sengur
A Retinal Vessel Detection Approach Based On Shearlet Transform And Indeterminacy Filtering On Fundus Images, Florentin Smarandache, Yanhui Guo, Umit Budak, Abdulkadir Sengur
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
A fundus image is an effective tool for ophthalmologists studying eye diseases. Retinal vessel detection is a significant task in the identification of retinal disease regions. This study presents a retinal vessel detection approach using shearlet transform and indeterminacy filtering. The fundus image’s green channel is mapped in the neutrosophic domain via shearlet transform. The neutrosophic domain images are then filtered with an indeterminacy filter to reduce the indeterminacy information. A neural network classifier is employed to identify the pixels whose inputs are the features in neutrosophic images. The proposed approach is tested on two datasets, and a receiver operating …
Neutrosophic Commutative N-Ideals In Bck-Algebras, Florentin Smarandache, Seok-Zun Song, Young Bae Jun
Neutrosophic Commutative N-Ideals In Bck-Algebras, Florentin Smarandache, Seok-Zun Song, Young Bae Jun
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
The notion of a neutrosophic commutative N -ideal in BCK-algebras is introduced, and several properties are investigated. Relations between a neutrosophic N -ideal and a neutrosophic commutative N -ideal are discussed. Characterizations of a neutrosophic commutative N -ideal are considered.
Neutrosophic N -Structures Applied To Bck/Bci-Algebras, Florentin Smarandache, Young Bae Jun, Hashem Bordbar
Neutrosophic N -Structures Applied To Bck/Bci-Algebras, Florentin Smarandache, Young Bae Jun, Hashem Bordbar
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Neutrosophic N -structures with applications in BCK/BC I-algebras is discussed. The notions of a neutrosophic N -subalgebra and a (closed) neutrosophic N -ideal in a BCK/BC I-algebra are introduced, and several related properties are investigated. Characterizations of a neutrosophic N -subalgebra and a neutrosophic N -ideal are considered, and relations between a neutrosophic N -subalgebra and a neutrosophic N -ideal are stated. Conditions for a neutrosophic N -ideal to be a closed neutrosophic N -ideal are provided.
An Efficient Image Segmentation Algorithm Using Neutrosophic Graph Cut, Florentin Smarandache, Yanhui Guo, Yaman Akbulut, Abdulkadir Sengur, Rong Xia
An Efficient Image Segmentation Algorithm Using Neutrosophic Graph Cut, Florentin Smarandache, Yanhui Guo, Yaman Akbulut, Abdulkadir Sengur, Rong Xia
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Segmentation is considered as an important step in image processing and computer vision applications, which divides an input image into various non-overlapping homogenous regions and helps to interpret the image more conveniently. This paper presents an efficient image segmentation algorithm using neutrosophic graph cut (NGC). An image is presented in neutrosophic set, and an indeterminacy filter is constructed using the indeterminacy value of the input image, which is defined by combining the spatial information and intensity information. The indeterminacy filter reduces the indeterminacy of the spatial and intensity information. A graph is defined on the image and the weight for …
Ns-K-Nn: Neutrosophic Set-Based K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier, Florentin Smarandache, Yaman Akbulut, Abdulkadir Sengur, Yanhui Guo
Ns-K-Nn: Neutrosophic Set-Based K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier, Florentin Smarandache, Yaman Akbulut, Abdulkadir Sengur, Yanhui Guo
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), which is known to be a simple and efficient approach, is a non-parametric supervised classifier. It aims to determine the class label of an unknown sample by its k-nearest neighbors that are stored in a training set. The k-nearest neighbors are determined based on some distance functions. Although k-NN produces successful results, there have been some extensions for improving its precision. The neutrosophic set (NS) defines three memberships namely T, I and F. T, I, and F shows the truth membership degree, the false membership degree, and the indeterminacy membership degree, respectively. In this paper, the NS …
Solving Numerically Ermakov-Type Equation For Newtonian Cosmology Model With Vortex, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Yunita Umniyati
Solving Numerically Ermakov-Type Equation For Newtonian Cosmology Model With Vortex, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Yunita Umniyati
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
It has been known for long time that most of the existing cosmology models have singularity problem. Cosmological singularity has been a consequence of excessive symmetry of flow, such as “Hubble’s law”. More realistic one is suggested, based on Newtonian cosmology model but here we include the vertical-rotational effect of the whole Universe. We review a Riccati-type equation obtained by Nurgaliev, and solve the equation numerically with Mathematica. It is our hope that the new proposed method can be verified with observation data.
It’S Déjà Vu All Over Again: A Classical Interpretation Of Syntropy And Precognitive Interdiction Based On Wheeler-Feynman’S Absorber Theory, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Yunita Umniyati
It’S Déjà Vu All Over Again: A Classical Interpretation Of Syntropy And Precognitive Interdiction Based On Wheeler-Feynman’S Absorber Theory, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Yunita Umniyati
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
It has been known for long time that intuition plays significant role in many professions and human life, including in entrepreneurship, government, and also in detective or law enforcement activities. Even women are known to possess better intuitive feelings or “hunch” compared to men. Despite these examples, such a precognitive interdiction is hardly accepted in established science. In this paper, we discuss briefly the advanced solutions of Maxwell equations, and then make connection between syntropy and precognition from classical perspective. It is our hope that the new proposed method can be verified with experimental data. But we admit that our …
On Syntropy & Precognitive Interdiction Based On Wheeler-Feynman’S Absorber Theory, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Yunita Umniyati
On Syntropy & Precognitive Interdiction Based On Wheeler-Feynman’S Absorber Theory, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Yunita Umniyati
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
It has been known for long time that intuition plays significant role in many professions and human life, including in entrepreneurship, government, and also in detective or law enforcement activities. Women are known to possess better intuitive feelings or “hunch” compared to men. Despite these examples, such a precognitive interdiction is hardly accepted in established science. In this letter, we discuss briefly the advanced solutions of Maxwell equations, and then explore plausible connection between syntropy and precognition.
A Numerical Solution Of Ermakov Equation Corresponding To Diffusion Interpretation Of Wave Mechanics, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
A Numerical Solution Of Ermakov Equation Corresponding To Diffusion Interpretation Of Wave Mechanics, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
It has been long known that a year after Schrödinger published his equation, Madelung also published a hydrodynamics version of Schrödinger equation. Quantum diffusion is studied via dissipative Madelung hydrodynamics. Initially the wave packet spreads ballistically, than passes for an instant through normal diffusion and later tends asymptotically to a sub‐diffusive law. In this paper we will review two different approaches, including Madelung hydrodynamics and also Bohm potential. Madelung formulation leads to diffusion interpretation, which after a generalization yields to Ermakov equation. Since Ermakov equation cannot be solved analytically, then we try to find out its solution with Mathematica package. …
Shortest Path Problem Under Triangular Fuzzy Neutrosophic Information, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Luige Vladareanu
Shortest Path Problem Under Triangular Fuzzy Neutrosophic Information, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Luige Vladareanu
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper, we develop a new approach to deal with neutrosphic shortest path problem in a network in which each edge weight (or length) is represented as triangular fuzzy neutrosophic number. The proposed algorithm also gives the shortest path length from source node to destination node using ranking function. Finally, an illustrative example is also included to demonstrate our proposed approach.
Complex Neutrosophic Soft Set, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Mumtaz Ali, Ganeshsree Selvachandran
Complex Neutrosophic Soft Set, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Mumtaz Ali, Ganeshsree Selvachandran
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper, we propose the complex neutrosophic soft set model, which is a hybrid of complex fuzzy sets, neutrosophic sets and soft sets. The basic set theoretic operations and some concepts related to the structure of this model are introduced, and illustrated. An example related to a decision making problem involving uncertain and subjective information is presented, to demonstrate the utility of this model.
Complex Neutrosophic Graphs Of Type 1, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea
Complex Neutrosophic Graphs Of Type 1, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper, we introduced a new neutrosophic graphs called complex neutrosophic graphs of type1 (CNG1) and presented a matrix representation for it and studied some properties of this new concept. The concept of CNG1 is an extension of generalized fuzzy graphs of type 1 (GFG1) and generalized single valued neutrosophic graphs of type 1 (GSVNG1).
Shortest Path Problem Under Trapezoidal Neutrosophic Information, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Mohamed Talea, Assia Bakali
Shortest Path Problem Under Trapezoidal Neutrosophic Information, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Mohamed Talea, Assia Bakali
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this research paper, a new approach is proposed for computing the shortest path length from source node to destination node in a neutrosophic environment. The edges of the network are assigned by trapezoidal fuzzy neutrosophic numbers. A numerical example is provided to show the performance of the proposed approach.
A Critical Path Problem Using Triangular Neutrosophic Number, Florentin Smarandache, Mai Mohamed, Yongquan Zhou, Mohamed Abdel-Baset
A Critical Path Problem Using Triangular Neutrosophic Number, Florentin Smarandache, Mai Mohamed, Yongquan Zhou, Mohamed Abdel-Baset
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
The Critical Path Method (CPM) is one of several related techniques for planning and managing of complicated projects in real world applications. In many situations, the data obtained for decision makers are only approximate, which gives rise of neutrosophic critical path problem. In this paper, the proposed method has been made to find the critical path in network diagram, whose activity time uncertain. The vague parameters in the network are represented by triangular neutrosophic numbers, instead of crisp numbers. At the end of paper, two illustrative examples are provided to validate the proposed approach.
Neutrosophy, A Sentiment Analysis Model, Florentin Smarandache, Mirela Teodorescu, Daniela Gifu
Neutrosophy, A Sentiment Analysis Model, Florentin Smarandache, Mirela Teodorescu, Daniela Gifu
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
This paper describes the importance of Neutrosophy Theory in order to find a method that could solve the uncertainties arising on discursive analysis. The aim of this pilot study is to find a procedure to diminish the uncertainties from public discourse induced, especially, by humans (politicians, journalists, etc.). We consider that Neutrosophy Theory is a sentiment analysis specific case regarding processing of the three states: positive, negative, and neutral. The study is intended to identify a method to answer to uncertainties solving in order to support politician's staff, NLP specialists, artificial intelligence researchers and generally the electors.
A Review Of Two Derivations Of Maxwell-Dirac Isomorphism And A Few Plausible Extensions, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
A Review Of Two Derivations Of Maxwell-Dirac Isomorphism And A Few Plausible Extensions, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
The problem of the formal connection between electrodynamics and wave mechanics has attracted the attention of a number of authors, especially there are some existing proofs on Maxwell-Dirac isomorphism. Here the author will review two derivations of Maxwell-Dirac isomorphism i.e. by Hans Sallhofer and Volodimir Simulik. A few plausible extensions will be discussed too.
Mcdm Method For N-Wise Criteria Comparisons And Inconsistent Problems, Florentin Smarandache, Azeddine Elhassouny
Mcdm Method For N-Wise Criteria Comparisons And Inconsistent Problems, Florentin Smarandache, Azeddine Elhassouny
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
The purpose of this paper is to present an e[xtension and alternative of the hybrid method based on Saaty’s Analytical Hierarchy Process and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method (AHP-TOPSIS), that based on the AHP and its use of pairwise comparisons, to a new method called α -D MCDM-TOPSIS( α -Discounting Method for multicriteria decision making-TOPSIS). The new method overcomes limits of AHP which work only for pairwise comparisons of criteria to any-wise (n-wise) comparisons, with crisp coefficients or with interval-valued coefficients. α-D MCDM-TOPSIS is verified by some examples to demonstrate how it allows for consistency, …
Shortest Path Problem On Single Valued Neutrosophic Graphs, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Mohamed Talea, Assia Bakali, Kishore Kumar
Shortest Path Problem On Single Valued Neutrosophic Graphs, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Mohamed Talea, Assia Bakali, Kishore Kumar
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
A single valued neutrosophic graph is a generalized structure of fuzzy graph, intuitionistic fuzzy graph that gives more precision, flexibility and compatibility to a system when compared with systems that are designed using fuzzy graphs and intuitionistic fuzzy graphs. This paper addresses for the first time, the shortest path in an acyclic neutrosophic directed graph using ranking function. Here each edge length is assigned to single valued neutrosophic numbers instead of a real number. The neutrosophic number is able to represent the indeterminacy in the edge (arc) costs of neutrosophic graph. A proposed algorithm gives the shortest path and shortest …
From Acoustic Analog Of Space, Cancer Therapy, To Acoustic Sachs-Wolfe Theorem: A Model Of The Universe As A Guitar, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Yunita Umniyati
From Acoustic Analog Of Space, Cancer Therapy, To Acoustic Sachs-Wolfe Theorem: A Model Of The Universe As A Guitar, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Yunita Umniyati
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
It has been known for long time that the cosmic sound wave was there since the early epoch of the Universe. Signatures of its existence are abound. However, such an acoustic model of cosmology is rarely developed fully into a complete framework from the notion of space, cancer therapy up to the sky. This paper may be the first attempt towards such a complete description of the Universe based on classical wave equation of sound. It is argued that one can arrive at a consistent description of space, elementary particles, Sachs-Wolfe acoustic theorem, up to a novel approach for cancer …
Numerical Solution Of Master Equation Corresponding To Schumann Waves, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Numerical Solution Of Master Equation Corresponding To Schumann Waves, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Following a hypothesis by Marciak-Kozlowska, 2011, we consider one-dimensional Schumann wave transfer phenomena. Numerical solution of that equation was obtained by the help of Mathematica.
Generalized Interval Valued Neutrosophic Graphs Of First Type, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Mohamed Talea, Assia Bakali, Ali Hassan
Generalized Interval Valued Neutrosophic Graphs Of First Type, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Mohamed Talea, Assia Bakali, Ali Hassan
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper, motivated by the notion of generalized single valued neutrosophic graphs of first type, we defined a new neutrosophic graphs named generalized interval valued neutrosophic graphs of first type (GIVNG1) and presented a matrix representation for it and studied few properties of this new concept. The concept of GIVNG1 is an extension of generalized fuzzy graphs (GFG1) and generalized single valued neutrosophic of first type (GSVNG1).
Special Issue: Neutrosophic Theories Applied In Engineering, Florentin Smarandache, Jun Ye
Special Issue: Neutrosophic Theories Applied In Engineering, Florentin Smarandache, Jun Ye
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Neutrosophic sets and logic are generalizations of fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy sets and logic. Neutrosophic sets and logic are gaining significant attention in solving many real life decision making problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistent, and indeterminacy. They have been applied in computational intelligence, multiple criteria decision making, image processing, medical diagnoses, etc. This Special Issue presents original research papers that report on state-of-the-art and recent advancements in neutrosophic sets and logic in soft computing, artificial intelligence, big and small data mining, decision making problems, and practical achievements.
Nidus Idearum. Scilogs, Iii: Viva La Neutrosophia!, Florentin Smarandache
Nidus Idearum. Scilogs, Iii: Viva La Neutrosophia!, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Welcome into my scientific lab! My lab[oratory] is a virtual facility with noncontrolled conditions in which I mostly perform scientific meditation and chats: a nest of ideas (nidus idearum, in Latin). I called the jottings herein scilogs (truncations of the words scientific, and gr. Λόγος – appealing rather to its original meanings "ground", "opinion", "expectation"), combining the welly of both science and informal (via internet) talks (in English, French, and Romanian). * In this third book of scilogs collected from my nest of ideas, one may find new and old questions and solutions, referring to topics on NEUTROSOPHY – email …
An Outline Of Cellular Automaton Universe Via Cosmological Kdv Equation, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Yunita Umniyati
An Outline Of Cellular Automaton Universe Via Cosmological Kdv Equation, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Yunita Umniyati
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
It has been known for long time that the cosmic sound wave was there since the early epoch of the Universe. Signatures of its existence are abound. However, such a sound wave model of cosmology is rarely developed fully into a complete framework. This paper can be considered as our second attempt towards such a complete description of the Universe based on soliton wave solution of cosmological KdV equation. Then we advance further this KdV equation by virtue of Cellular Automaton method to solve the PDEs. We submit wholeheartedly Robert Kuruczs hypothesis that Big Bang should be replaced with a …
A Bipolar Single Valued Neutrosophic Isolated Graphs: Revisited, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Mohsin Khan
A Bipolar Single Valued Neutrosophic Isolated Graphs: Revisited, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Mohsin Khan
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this research paper, the graph of the bipolar single-valued neutrosophic set model (BSVNS) is proposed. The graphs of single valued neutrosophic set models is generalized by this graph. For the BSVNS model, several results have been proved on complete and isolated graphs. Adding, an important and suitable condition for the graphs of the BSVNS model to become an isolated graph of the BSVNS model has been demonstrated.
An Operational View In Computational Construction Of Information, Florentin Smarandache, Stefan Vladutescu, Constantin Dima, Valeriu Voinea
An Operational View In Computational Construction Of Information, Florentin Smarandache, Stefan Vladutescu, Constantin Dima, Valeriu Voinea
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
The paper aims to explain the technology of emergence of information. Our research proves that information as communicational product is the result of processing within some operations, actions, mechanisms and strategies of informational material meanings. Are determined eight computational-communicative operations of building information. Information occurs in two communication phases, syncretic and the segregation-synthetic. The syncretic phase consists of four operations: referral of significant field, primary delimitation of information, detection-looking information and an anticipative-draft constitution (feedforward). The segregation-synthetic phase also includes four operations: discrimination, identification, interpretation and confrontation (feedback). In the future we will investigate informational actions, mechanisms and strategies.
A Lattice Theoretic Look: A Negated Approach To Adjectival (Intersective, Neutrosophic And Private) Phrases, Florentin Smarandache, Selcuk Topal
A Lattice Theoretic Look: A Negated Approach To Adjectival (Intersective, Neutrosophic And Private) Phrases, Florentin Smarandache, Selcuk Topal
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Computation Of Shortest Path Problem In A Network With Sv-Triangular Neutrosophic Numbers, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea
Computation Of Shortest Path Problem In A Network With Sv-Triangular Neutrosophic Numbers, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this article, we present an algorithm method for finding the shortest path length between a paired nodes on a network where the edge weights are characterized by single valued triangular neutrosophic numbers. The proposed algorithm gives the shortest shortest path length from source node to destination node based on a ranking method. Finally, a numerical example is also presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Curiozităţi Ale Funcţiilor Supermatematice, Florentin Smarandache, Mircea Eugen Selariu
Curiozităţi Ale Funcţiilor Supermatematice, Florentin Smarandache, Mircea Eugen Selariu
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.