Mathematics Commons^™

Constructing Critical Indecomposable Codes, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Critical indecomposable codes were introduced by Assmus, who also gave a recursive construction for these objects. One of the key ingredients in the construction is an auxiliary code, which is an indecomposable code of minimum distance at least 3. In terms of actually being able to construct all critical indecomposable codes, however, Assmus leaves many unanswered questions about these auxiliary codes. In this paper, we provide answers to these questions, including a description of when two equivalent auxiliary codes can yield inequivalent critical indecomposable codes, and results on both the minimum length and the maximum number of critical columns of …

A Critical Look At Self-Dual Codes, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We investigate self-dual codes from a structural point of view. In particular, we study properties of critical indecomposable codes which appear in the spectrum of a self-dual code. As an application of the results we obtain, we revisit the study of self-dual codes of dimension at most 10.

In the late 1950’s, Slepian [4] became the first to take an abstract approach to the study of error-correcting codes. He introduced a structure theory for binary linear codes, developing in particular the idea of an indecomposable code; that is, a code which is not isomorphic to a nontrivial direct sum of …

Efficient Traitor Tracing Algorithms Using List Decoding, Alice Silverberg, Jessica Staddon, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We use powerful new techniques for list decoding error-correcting codes to efficiently trace traitors. Although much work has focused on constructing traceability schemes, the complexity of the tracing algorithm has received little attention. Because the TA tracing algorithm has a runtime of O(N) in general, where N is the number of users, it is inefficient for large populations.We produce schemes for which the TA algorithm is very fast. The IPP tracing algorithm, though less efficient, can list all coalitions capable of constructing a given pirate. We give evidence that when using an algebraic structure, the ability to …

The Structure Of Free Semigroup Algebras, Kenneth R. Davidson, Elias Katsoulis, David R. Pitts

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

A free semigroup algebra is WOT-closed algebra generated by an n-tuple of isometries with pairwise orthogonal ranges. The interest in these algebras arises primarily from two of their interesting features. The first is that they provide useful information about unitary invariants of representations of the Cuntz-Toeplitz algebras. The second is that they form a class of nonself-adjoint operator algebras which are of interest in their own right. This class contains a distinguished representative, the "non-commutative Toeplitz algebra", which is generated by the left regular representation of the free semigroup on n letters and denoted . This paper provides a general …

Euclidean Weights Of Codes From Elliptic Curves Over Rings, José Felipe Voloch, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We construct certain error-correcting codes over finite rings and estimate their parameters. For this purpose, we need to develop some tools, notably an estimate for certain exponential sums and some results on canonical lifts of elliptic curves. These results may be of independent interest.

A code is a subset of Aⁿ, where A is a finite set (called the alphabet). Usually A is just the field of two elements and, in this case, one speaks of binary codes. Such codes are used in applications where one transmits information through noisy channels. By building redundancy into the code, transmitted …

Superspace Geometrical Realization Of The N-Extended Super Virasoro Algebra And Its Dual, Carina Curto, James Gates Jr., V. G. J. Rodgers

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Abstract We derive properties of N-extended GR super Virasoro algebras. These include adding central extensions, identification of all primary fields and the action of the adjoint representation on its dual. The final result suggest identification with the spectrum of fields in supergravity theories and superstring/M-theory constructed from NSR N-extended supersymmetric GR Virasoro algebras.

[The version deposited with arXiv (February 2000) is also attached (below) as an additional file.]

Codes And Curves, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

When information is transmitted, errors are likely to occur. Coding theory examines effi cient ways of packaging data so that these errors can be detected, or even corrected. The traditional tools of coding theory have come from combinatorics and group theory. Lately, however, coding theorists have added techniques from algebraic geometry to their toolboxes. In particular, by re-interpreting the Reed- Solomon codes, one can see how to defi ne new codes based on divisors on algebraic curves. For instance, using modular curves over fi nite fi elds, Tsfasman, Vladut, and Zink showed that one can defi ne a sequence of …

Boundary Controllability Of Thermoelastic Plates Via The Free Boundary Conditions, George Avalos, Irena Lasiecka

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Controllability properties of a partial differential equation (PDE) model describing a thermoelastic plate are studied. The PDE is composed of a Kirchoff plate equation coupled to a heat equation on a bounded domain, with the coupling taking place on the interior and boundary of the domain. The coupling in this PDE is parameterized by α > 0. Boundary control is exerted through the (two) free boundary conditions of the plate equation and through the Robin boundary condition of the temperature. These controls have the physical interpretation of inserted forces and moments and prescribed temperature, respectively, all of which act on the …

Two-Groups With Few Conjugacy Classes, Nigel Boston, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

An old question of Brauer asking how fast numbers of conjugacy classes grow is investigated by considering the least number c_n of conjugacy classes in a group of order 2ⁿ. The numbers c_n are computed for n ≤ 14 and a lower bound is given for c₁₅. It is observed that c_n grows very slowly except for occasional large jumps corresponding to an increase in coclass of the minimal groups G_n. Restricting to groups that are 2-generated or have coclass at most 3 allows us to extend these computations.

Translation Theorems For Fourier-Feynman Transforms And Conditional Fourier-Feynman Transforms, Seung Jun Change, Chull Park, David Skough

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Translation theorems for Wiener integrals were given by Cameron and Martin in [3] and by Cameron and Graves in [2]. Translation theorems for analytic Feynman integrals were given by Cameron and Storvick in [4], [7] and translation theorems for Feynman integrals on abstract Wiener and Hilbert spaces were given by Chung and Kang in [12].

Codes Over Rings From Curves Of Higher Genus, José Felipe Voloch, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We construct certain error-correcting codes over finite rings and estimate their parameters. These codes are constructed using plane curves and the estimates for their parameters rely on constructing “lifts” of these curves and then estimating the size of certain exponential sums.

THE purpose of this paper is to construct certain error-correcting codes over finite rings and estimate their parameters. For this purpose, we need to develop some tools; notably, an estimate for the dimension of trace codes over rings (generalizing work of van der Vlugt over fields and some results on lifts of affin curves from field of characteristic p …

Lack Of Time-Delay Robustness For Stabilization Of A Structural Acoustics Model, George Avalos, Irena Lasiecka, Richard Rebarber

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper we consider a natural robustness question for a model for structural acoustics. This model, which has been of great interest in recent years, is represented by a wave equation in R^2 coupled to a Kelvin--Voigt beam; the coupling is natural physically, and is represented mathematically by highly unbounded operators. We assume that the observation consists of point evaluation of the beam position, the beam velocity, and the wave velocity. We are interested in the effect of arbitrarily small delays in the feedback loop on a controller that uses these observations. We show that it is not possible …

Reconstructing Subsets Of Reals, A. J. Radcliffe, A. D. Scott

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We consider the problem of reconstructing a set of real numbers up to translation from the multiset of its subsets of fixed size, given up to translation. This is impossible in general: for instance almost all subsets of Z contain infinitely many translates of every finite subset of Z. We therefore restrict our attention to subsets of R which are locally finite; those which contain only finitely many translates of any given finite set of size at least 2. We prove that every locally finite subset of R is reconstructible from the multiset of its 3-subsets, given up to …

Algebraic Geometric Codes Over Rings, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

The techniques of algebraic geometry have been widely and successfully applied to the study of linear codes over finite fields since the early 1980’s. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the study of linear codes over finite rings. In this paper, we combine these two approaches to coding theory by introducing the study of algebraic geometric codes over rings. In addition to defining these new codes, we prove several results about their properties.

On Some Finitely Based Representations Of Semigroups, Nikolay Silkin

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper we present a method of obtaining finitely based linear representations of possibly infinitely based semigroups.

Lee Weights Of Z/4z-Codes From Elliptic Curves, José Felipe Voloch, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In [15: J. L. Walker, Algebraic geometric codes over rings], the second author defined algebraic geometric codes over rings. This definition was motivated by two recent trends in coding theory: the study of algebraic geometric codes over finite fields, and the study of codes over rings. In that paper, many of the basic parameters of these new codes were computed. However, the Lee weight, which is very important for codes over the ring Z/4Z, was not considered. In [14: J.-F. Voloch and J. L. Walker, Euclidean weights of codes from elliptic curves over rings], this …

Exponential Stability Of A Thermoelastic System With Free Boundary Conditions Without Mechanical Dissipation, George Avalos, Irena Lasiecka

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We show herein the uniform stability of a thermoelastic plate model with no added dissipative mechanism on the boundary (uniform stability of a thermoelastic plate with added boundary dissipation was shown in [J. Lagnese, Boundary Stabilization of Thin Plates, SIAM Stud. Appl. Math. 10, SIAM, Philadelphia, PA, 1989], as was that of the analytic case---where rotational forces are neglected---in [Z. Liu and S. Z. Heng, Quarterly Appl. Math., 55 (1997), pp. 551-564]). The proof is constructive in the sense that we make use of a multiplier with respect to the coupled system involved so as to generate a fortiori the …

Relationships Among The First Variation, The Convolution Product, And The Fourier-Feynman Transform, Chull Park, David Skough, David Storvick

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper we examine the various relationships that exist among the first variation, the Fourier- Feynman transform, and the convolution product for functionals on Wiener space that belong to a Banach algebra S.

Invariant Subspaces And Hyper-Reflexivity For Free Semigroup Algebras, Kenneth R. Davidson, David R. Pitts

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper, we obtain a complete description of the invariant subspace structure of an interesting new class of algebras which we call free semigroup algebras. This enables us to prove that they are reflexive, and moreover to obtain a quantitative measure of the distance to these algebras in terms of the invariant subspaces. Such algebras are called hyper-reflexive. This property is very strong, but it has been established in only a very few cases. Moreover the prototypes of this class of algebras are the natural candidate for a non-commutative analytic Toeplitz algebra on n variables. The case we make …

The Nordstrom–Robinson Code Is Algebraic-Geometric, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

The techniques of algebraic geometry have been widely and successfully applied to the study of linear codes over finite field since the early 1980’s. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the study of linear codes over finite rings. In a previous paper [10], we combined these two approaches to coding theory by introducing and studying algebraic-geometric codes over rings. In this correspondence, we show that the Nordstrom–Robinson code is the image under the Gray mapping of an algebraic geometric code over Z = 4Z.

Convolution And Fourier-Feynman Transforms, Chull Park, David Skough

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper, for a class of funtionals on Wiener space of the form F(x) = exp{∫^T₀ f(t, x(t)) dt}, we show that the Fourier-Feynman transform of the convolution product is a product of Fourier-Feynman transforms. This allows us to compute the transform of the convolution product without computing the convolution product.

The Exponential Stability Of A Coupled Hyperbolic/Parabolic System Arising In Structural Acoustics, George Avalos

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We show here the uniform stabilization of a coupled system of hyperbolic and parabolic PDE’s which describes a particular fluid/structure interaction system. This system has the wave equation, which is satisfied on the interior of a bounded domain Ω, coupled to a “parabolic–like” beam equation holding on ∂Ω, and wherein the coupling is accomplished through velocity terms on the boundary. Our result is an analog of a recent result by Lasiecka and Triggiani which shows the exponential stability of the wave equation via Neumann feedback control, and like that work, depends upon a trace regularity estimate for solutions of hyperbolic …

Generalized Geynman Integrals: The 𝓛(L2, L2) Theory, Chull Park, David Skough

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper we develop an 𝓛(L₂(R), L₂(R)) theory for the Feynman integral of functionals of general stochastic processes.

The Composition Of Operator-Valued Measurable Functions Is Measurable, Albert Badrikian, G. W. Johnson, Il Yoo

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Given separable Frechet spaces, E, F , and G , let L(E, F), L(F, G), and L(E, G) denote the space of continuous linear operators from E to F , F to G, and E to G, respectively. We topologize these spaces of operators by any one of a family of topologies including the topology of point-wise convergence and the topology of compact convergence. We will show that if (X, F) is any measurable space and both A: X → L(E, F) and B: X → L(F, G) are Borelian, then the operator composition BA: X → L(E, G) is …

Perturbations Of Certain Reflexive Algebras, David R. Pitts

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this note we use cohomological techniques to prove that if there is a linear map between two CSL algebras which is close to the identity, then the two CSL algebras are similar. We use our result to show that if 2' is a purely atomic, hyperreflexive CSL with uniform infinite multiplicity which satisfies the 4-cycle interpolation condition, then there are constants d, C > 0 such that whenever L is another CSL such that d(Alg2' , AlgL) < d, then there is an invertible operator S such that S Alg2'S-1 = AlgL and IISII liS-III < 1 + Cd(AIg2' , AIgL).

The Proportion Of Fixed-Point-Free Elements Of A Transitive Permutation Group, Nigel Boston, Walter Dabrowski, Tuval Foguel, Paul J. Gies, Judy Leavitt Walker, David T. Ose, David A. Jackson

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In 1990 Hendrik W. Lenstra, Jr. asked the following question: if G is a transitive permutation group of degree n and A is the set of elements of G that move every letter, then can one find a lower bound (in terms of n) for f(G) = |A|/|G|? Shortly thereafter, Arjeh Cohen showed that 1/n is such a bound.

Lenstra’s problem arose from his work on the number field sieve. A simple example of how f(G) arises in number theory is the following: if h is an irreducible polynomial …

Rewriteability In Finite Groups, Judy Leavitt Walker, G. J. Sherman, Mark E. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

What's the probability that two elements in a finite group commute? A formal answer,

Pr₂(G) = {(x, y) [element of] G² |xy = yx}| / |G|²

begs our next question. How many ordered pairs of elements of a finite group commute?

A Note On The Connectedness Problem For Nest Algebras, David R. Pitts

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

It has been conjectured that a certain operator T belonging to the group ff of invertible elements of the algebra Alg Z of doubly infinite uppertriangular bounded matrices lies outside the connected component of the identity in W. In this note we show that T actually lies inside the connected component of the identity of & .

Homoclinic Bifurcations With Nonhyperbolic Equilibria, Bo Deng

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

A general geometric approach is given for bifurcation problems with homoclinic orbits to nonhyperbolic equilbrium points of ordinary differential equations. It consists of a special normal form called admissible variables, exponential expansion, strong A-lemma, and Lyapnunov- Schmidt reduction for the Poincare maps under Sil'nikov variables. The method is based on the Center Manifold Theory, the contraction mapping principle, and the Implicit Function Theorem.

An Illustrative Model Describing The Refraction Of Long Water Waves By A Circular Island, Gregory A. Kriegsmann

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

The refraction of small shallow water waves by an idealized island is studied in this paper. The island's shoal is modeled by a quartic polynomial in the radial variable. This particular model allows the explicit construction of the rays (wave orthogonals) and the determination of several important features of the wave motion. The various shortcomings of the particular profile are discussed.