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Articles 61 - 90 of 466
Full-Text Articles in Mathematics
Essays On Risk, Insurance And Welfare., Digvijay Singh Negi Dr.
Essays On Risk, Insurance And Welfare., Digvijay Singh Negi Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Economic agents are exposed to a variety of risks. These risks can generally be categorized into either idiosyncratic individual specific risks or aggregate risks faced jointly by a group of individuals co-inhabiting in villages, communities or countries. Since exposure to both kinds of risks can be welfare reducing, economists for a long time have been interested in studying the role of various formal and informal risk pooling mechanisms in mitigating agents’ exposure to these shocks. The possibility of risk pooling within communities or countries arises from the idea that idiosyncratic risks across individuals, communities or countries are unlikely to be …
On The Bures–Wasserstein Distance Between Positive Definite Matrices, Rajendra Bhatia, T. Jain, Yongdo Lim
On The Bures–Wasserstein Distance Between Positive Definite Matrices, Rajendra Bhatia, T. Jain, Yongdo Lim
Journal Articles
The metric d(A,B)=trA+trB−2tr(A1∕2BA1∕2)1∕21∕2 on the manifold of n×n positive definite matrices arises in various optimisation problems, in quantum information and in the theory of optimal transport. It is also related to Riemannian geometry. In the first part of this paper we study this metric from the perspective of matrix analysis, simplifying and unifying various proofs. Then we develop a theory of a mean of two, and a barycentre of several, positive definite matrices with respect to this metric. We explain some recent work on a fixed point iteration for computing this Wasserstein barycentre. Our emphasis is on ideas natural to …
Domain Restrictions In Strategy-Proof Social Choice., Gopakumar Achuthankutty Dr.
Domain Restrictions In Strategy-Proof Social Choice., Gopakumar Achuthankutty Dr.
Doctoral Theses
In Chapter 2, we consider domains of admissible preferences with a natural property called top-circularity. Several domains with practical applications such as multidimensional single-peaked domain in [9], union of a single-peaked and a single dipped domain, etc. satisfy top-circularity. We show that if such a domain satisfies either the maximal conflict property or the weak conflict property, then it is dictatorial. We show that this result can be applied to the problem of locating a public facility where the planner does not know whether agents derive positive or negative externality from the facility. The union of a single-peaked and a …
Orbit Spaces Of Unimodular Rows Over Smooth Real Affine Algebras., Soumi Tikader Dr.
Orbit Spaces Of Unimodular Rows Over Smooth Real Affine Algebras., Soumi Tikader Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Let R be a commutative, Noetherian ring of (Krull) dimension d. It is well known that the set of isomorphism classes of (oriented, if d is even) stably free R-modules of rank d carries the structure of an abelian group. This group can be identified with the orbit space of unimodular rows namely, Umd+1(R)/SLd+1(R). The prime objective of this thesis is to provide the complete computation of this group, when X = Spec(R) be a smooth real affine variety of dimension d ≥ 2 (with the assumption that the set of real points of X is non-empty and orientable). In …
Infinite Mode Quantum Gaussian States., Tiju Cherian John Dr.
Infinite Mode Quantum Gaussian States., Tiju Cherian John Dr.
Doctoral Theses
No abstract provided.
Gender Difference In Indian Consumption Expenditure., Mannu Dwivedi Dr.
Gender Difference In Indian Consumption Expenditure., Mannu Dwivedi Dr.
Doctoral Theses
The goal of any development policy is to increase the living standard of the people in the society. In any developing country, the efficiency of such policy depends on how families reallocate the resources among themselves. If the distribution is even within the family then only it can be said that the policy was fruitful. Therefore, a family is an important part of any policy and the allocation within the family should be just. But, the distribution of the resources among the family members are not always equal. Inequality always exists! Discrimination against girls or women persists in approximately all …
Squared Distance Matrix Of A Weighted Tree, Ravindra B. Bapat
Squared Distance Matrix Of A Weighted Tree, Ravindra B. Bapat
Journal Articles
Let T be a tree with vertex set f1;: :: ; ng such that each edge is assigned a nonzero weight. The squared distance matrix of T; denoted by is the n n matrix with (i; j)-element d(i; j)2; where d(i; j) is the sum of the weights of the edges on the (ij)-path. We obtain a formula for the determinant of A formula for 1 is also obtained, under certain conditions. The results generalize known formulas for the unweighted case.
Quantum Isometry Group Of Deformation: A Counterexample, Debashish Goswami, Arnab Mandal
Quantum Isometry Group Of Deformation: A Counterexample, Debashish Goswami, Arnab Mandal
Journal Articles
We give a counterexample to show that the quantum isometry group of a deformed finite dimensional spectral triple may not be isomorphic with a deformation of the quantum isometry group of the undeformed spectral triple.
Revisiting The Isoperimetric Graph Partitioning Problem, Sravan Danda, Aditya Challa, B. S. Daya Sagar, Laurent Najman
Revisiting The Isoperimetric Graph Partitioning Problem, Sravan Danda, Aditya Challa, B. S. Daya Sagar, Laurent Najman
Journal Articles
Isoperimetric graph partitioning, which is also known as the Cheeger cut, is NP-hard in its original form. In the literature, multiple modifications to this problem have been proposed to obtain approximation algorithms for clustering applications. In the context of image segmentation, a heuristic continuous relaxation to this problem introduced by Leo Grady and Eric L. Schwartz has yielded good quality results. This algorithm is based on solving a linear system of equations involving the Laplacian of the image graph. Furthermore, the same algorithm applied to a maximum spanning tree (MST) of the image graph was shown to produce similar results …
Essays On The Dynamics Of Credit Contracts., Dyotona Dasgupta Dr.
Essays On The Dynamics Of Credit Contracts., Dyotona Dasgupta Dr.
Doctoral Theses
No abstract provided.
Essays On Boundedly Rational Choice., Tanmoy Das Dr.
Essays On Boundedly Rational Choice., Tanmoy Das Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Decision theory or the theory of choice is the analysis of individual behavior, typically in noninteractive situations. We can conceptualize two types of decision theory - normative and descriptive. A normative theory is concerned with identifying the best decision to make, modeling a decision maker who comports to certain ideals. A descriptive theory is a theory about how decisions are made. Such a theory is concerned with explaining observed behavior or predicting behavior under the assumption that the decision-maker or decision process follows some rules. The predictions about behavior that descriptive theory produces allow further tests of the assumed underlying, …
Modeling Reit Returns With Macroeconomic, Monetary Policy And Financial Variables In The Frameworks Of Structural Break And Regime-Switching Var: Evidence From The Usa And The Uk., Mahamitra Das Dr.
Doctoral Theses
This thesis is basically concerned with studying the various relationships involving REIT returns, inflation, monetary policy variables, and general equity market returns in the USA and the UK markets by considering modeling approaches which allow for either structural breaks or regime-switching behavior in the relationship. Although study of such relationships, especially the one involving inflation and REIT returns, have evoked significant interest amongst researchers, the number of such studies is still very few in number. Moreover, there is an element of ‘puzzle’ embedded in this relationship. Hence, it is imperative as well as interesting that further empirical investigations are done …
Essays On Applied Welfare Economics., Sutirtha Bandyopadhyay Dr.
Essays On Applied Welfare Economics., Sutirtha Bandyopadhyay Dr.
Doctoral Theses
The measurement of welfare forms the foundation of public policy analysis. It is an area where empirical investigations clearly benefits from theoretical insight and where theoretical concepts are brought alive and appropriately focused by the discipline of empirical relevance and policy design. While welfare measurement at the micro level is of independent interest, of greater concern is the well-being of groups of households/individuals.A widely discussed issue in the literature of welfare economics is ‘whose welfare to measure’ when we are interested to measure the well-being of a group of individuals. The most common approach is to assume the existence of …
Unionization, Optimal Fiscal Policy And Endogenous Economic Growth., Chandril Bhattacharyya Dr.
Unionization, Optimal Fiscal Policy And Endogenous Economic Growth., Chandril Bhattacharyya Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Modern GrowthTheory Countries with high per capita real GDP are usually associated with higher standard of living of its citizens. In fact, the greater the aggregate Pie grows into, it becomes easier for the government to subsidize people of the bottom section of income distribution. As a result, the theory of economic growth receives a great importance in the Economics literature. Economic growth rate is defined as the rate of increase in per capita real GDP over time; and a very small difference in growth rate may result into a huge difference in per capita real GDP in the long …
Mechanism Design In Sequencing Problems., Parikshit De Dr.
Mechanism Design In Sequencing Problems., Parikshit De Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Collective decision making is an important social issue, since it depends on individual preferences that are not publicly observable. Therefore, the question is, whether it is possible to elicit the private information available to individuals and then how to extract the private information in various strategic environment; Mechanism design deals with these questions. The difference between game theory and mechanism design is that, the former tries to predict the outcome of a strategic environment in some “equilibrium” but the latter tries to design or restrict the environment in such a way that the desired objective is attained, that is, the …
Essays On Economic Behaviour And Regulation., Subrato Banerjee Dr.
Essays On Economic Behaviour And Regulation., Subrato Banerjee Dr.
Doctoral Theses
To sum up, this thesis looks at agent behaviour in the laboratory, in the field, and in the market. Firstly, we impose a requirement in the laboratory (Chapter 2) that mimics a regulatory environment (similar to the introduction of a maximum retail price, or a legal fare subject to which an economic transaction must take place), and study individual behaviour subject to our (imposed) requirements. We then study the effect of real-life regulation on the behaviour of economic agents in the field. While the effect of regulation is seen in the field (that is, we see that many auto drivers …
Some Contributions To The Analysis Of Dual-Record System For Estimating Human Population Size., Kiranmoy Chatterjee Dr.
Some Contributions To The Analysis Of Dual-Record System For Estimating Human Population Size., Kiranmoy Chatterjee Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Dual-record System (DRS) The problem of population size estimation is a very important administrative and statistical concern which includes a vast area of application in the fields of epidemiology, demography and official statistics. Federal agencies are generally interested to know the actual size (say, N ) of a specified population or any vital event that occurred in a specified area within a given time span. Census or civil registration system often fails to extract the true size of the population. The degree of inaccuracy depends on the actual size of the population, its diversity and of course, on the quality …
Essays On Economics Of Gender And Labour Market., Kanika Mahajan Dr.
Essays On Economics Of Gender And Labour Market., Kanika Mahajan Dr.
Doctoral Theses
The differences in labor market outcomes between males and females have been of interest to the economists for at least past half a century. Gender inequality in the labor market manifests itself in the form of wage and employment gaps between males and females. However, little is understood about why these inequalities emerge. There are taste based theories of discrimination, occupational exclusion and theories of statistical discrimination. In this thesis, we study gender disparities in the labor market of rural India. The main objective of this thesis is to further our understanding about the existing wage and employment disparities in …
Essays On The Economics Of Education., Soham Sahoo Dr.
Essays On The Economics Of Education., Soham Sahoo Dr.
Doctoral Theses
This thesis consists of three empirical essays that investigate issues related to the economics of education. The main focus of this thesis is to study schooling outcomes of children in a developing country: India. The first chapter explores the effect of mothers’ labour force participation on children’s educational outcomes in the context of a large employment guarantee program in India. This study finds that workfare schemes enhancing women’s access to economic opportunities have implications for intra-household resource allocation which in turn lead to a positive effect on children’s education. The second essay investigates the effect of better access to secondary …
On Rational Subgroups Of Exceptional Groups., Neha Hooda Dr.
On Rational Subgroups Of Exceptional Groups., Neha Hooda Dr.
Doctoral Theses
The main theme of this thesis is the study of exceptional algebraic groups via their subgroups. This theme has been widely explored by various authors (Martin Leibeck, Gary Seitz, Adam Thomas, Donna Testerman to mention a few), mainly for split groups ([26], [27], [28], [60] ). When the field of definition k of the concerned algebraic groups is not algebraically closed, the classification of k-subgroups is largely an open problem. In the thesis, we mainly handle the cases of simple groups of type F4 and G2 defined over an arbitrary field. These may not be split over k. We first …
Some Contemporary Issues In Software Reliability., Vignesh Subrahmaniam Dr.
Some Contemporary Issues In Software Reliability., Vignesh Subrahmaniam Dr.
Doctoral Theses
No abstract provided.
Mechanism Design For Land Acquisition., Soumendu Sarkar Dr.
Mechanism Design For Land Acquisition., Soumendu Sarkar Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Conversion of land use from agriculture to industry is a typical feature of economic development in many densely populated countries. Large scale construction often requires industry or the government to acquire vast areas of land that are inhabited and often cultivated, by hundreds and even thousands of people. For some landowners, possession signifies power and status in society, while for others, it is the only means for earning a livelihood.Adamopoulos and Restuccia (2014) use data from World Census of Agriculture to show that average farm size in the poorest 20% of countries is 1.6 hectares, while that in the richest …
Tree-Based Symmetric Key Broadcast Encryption., Sanjay Bhattacherjee Dr.
Tree-Based Symmetric Key Broadcast Encryption., Sanjay Bhattacherjee Dr.
Doctoral Theses
In symmetric key cryptography, it is assumed that there are two parties Alice and Bob and there is an insecure communication channel between them as shown in Figure 1.1. A cryptographic system can be used to achieve secure communication between these two parties. This cryptographic system assumes that there is a secret K called the key that is known only to Alice and Bob and no one else. The message to be communicated is called the plaintext and is denoted by M. The cryptographic system has an encryption algorithm Enc(M, K) used by the sender that takes as input a …
Essays On Efficiency, Fairness And Strategy-Proofness In Allocation Problems With Exact Capacity Constraints., T. C. A. Madhav Raghavan Dr.
Essays On Efficiency, Fairness And Strategy-Proofness In Allocation Problems With Exact Capacity Constraints., T. C. A. Madhav Raghavan Dr.
Doctoral Theses
In this thesis we consider situations where heterogenous objects are to be distributed among a set of claimants. The objects in question are indivisible, so they cannot be split or shared. There is no money in this economy, so objects cannot be simply bought and sold. Allocations to claimants must be based on their preferences over objects alone. We impose the additional restriction that each object has an exact capacity constraint, such that each object is assigned either to a pre-specified (and fixed) number of agents, or it is not assigned at all. Further, we assume that the capacity constraint …
Essays On Conflict And Organisation Theory., Dushyant Kumar Dr.
Essays On Conflict And Organisation Theory., Dushyant Kumar Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Throughout the human civilization, domestic (intra country) conflicts have been present across societies, cultures and countries. These conflicts are extremely common as well as persistent. For the period 1960-2006, twenty percent of the countries have experienced at-least ten years of conflicts with more than 1000 casualties per year (Blattman and Miguel, 2010). It causes huge loss of human life, quantitatively, as well as qualitatively. It results in huge number of casualties, as well as damage to the existing output, resources and infrastructure. The persistent presence of such conflicts across the world means that a significant number of people as well …
Essays On Inequality, Polarization And Contests., Bhargav Bhattacharya Dr.
Essays On Inequality, Polarization And Contests., Bhargav Bhattacharya Dr.
Doctoral Theses
No abstract provided.
Essays On Strategy-Proofness And Implementation., Sonal Yadav Dr.
Essays On Strategy-Proofness And Implementation., Sonal Yadav Dr.
Doctoral Theses
This thesis comprises of three chapters relating to strategy-proofness and implementation. We provide a brief description of each chapter below.1.1 A Hurwicz Type Result in a Model with Public Good Production We consider a two-good model with an arbitrary number of agents. One of the goods is a public good and the other is a private good. Each agent has an endowment of the private good and the private good can be converted into the public good using a well-behaved production function. A Social Choice Function (SCF) associates an allocation with each admissible preference profile. We impose the following requirements …
Infinite Color Urn Models., Debleena Thacker Dr.
Infinite Color Urn Models., Debleena Thacker Dr.
Doctoral Theses
In recent years, there has been a wide variety of work on random reinforcement models of various kinds. Urn models form an important class of random reinforcement models, with numerous applications in engineering and informatics and bioscience. In recent years there have been several works on different kinds of urn models and their generalizations. For occupancy urn models, where one considers recursive addition of balls into finite or infinite number of boxes, there are some works which introduce models with infinitely many colors, typically represented by the boxes.As observed in [51], the earliest mentions of urn models are in the …
Inference On Time-To-Event Distribution From Retrospective Data With Imperfect Recall., Sedigheh Salehabadi Dr.
Inference On Time-To-Event Distribution From Retrospective Data With Imperfect Recall., Sedigheh Salehabadi Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Time-to-event data arises from measurements of time till the occurrence of an event of interest. Such data are common in the fields of biology, epidemiology, pub- lic health, medical research, economics and industry. The event of interest can be the death of a human being (Klein and Moeschberger, 2003), failure of a machine (Zhiguo et al., 2007), onset of menarche in adolescent and young adult females (Bergsten-Brucefors, 1976; Chumlea et al., 2003; Mirzaei, Sengupta and Das, 2015), onset (or relapse) of a disease (Klein and Moeschberger, 2003), dental develop- ment (Demirjian, Goldstien and Tanner, 1973; Eveleth and Tanner, 1990), breast …
Efficient And Adaptively Secure Constructions Of Identity-Based Cyrptographic Primitives., Somindu Chaya Ramanna Dr.
Efficient And Adaptively Secure Constructions Of Identity-Based Cyrptographic Primitives., Somindu Chaya Ramanna Dr.
Doctoral Theses
Public-key encryption (PKE) is an elegant solution to the fundamental problem of cryptography – secure communication between two parties over a public (insecure) channel. The basic idea is that every user A holds two keys – a public key (PKA) and a secret key (SKA). A user who wants to send a message to A encrypts it with PKA and sends the resulting ciphertext along the public channel. A, at the other end of the channel, decrypts the ciphertext using SKA and obtains the message. SKA is known to user A alone. Any third party intercepting data on the public …