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Full-Text Articles in Mathematics

Awegnn: Auto-Parametrized Weighted Element-Specific Graph Neural Networks For Molecules., Timothy Szocinski, Duc Duy Nguyen, Guo-Wei Wei Jul 2021

Awegnn: Auto-Parametrized Weighted Element-Specific Graph Neural Networks For Molecules., Timothy Szocinski, Duc Duy Nguyen, Guo-Wei Wei

Mathematics Faculty Publications

While automated feature extraction has had tremendous success in many deep learning algorithms for image analysis and natural language processing, it does not work well for data involving complex internal structures, such as molecules. Data representations via advanced mathematics, including algebraic topology, differential geometry, and graph theory, have demonstrated superiority in a variety of biomolecular applications, however, their performance is often dependent on manual parametrization. This work introduces the auto-parametrized weighted element-specific graph neural network, dubbed AweGNN, to overcome the obstacle of this tedious parametrization process while also being a suitable technique for automated feature extraction on these internally complex …

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Implications Of The Links Between Demography And Ecology For The Economy Of The Republic Of Karakalpakstan, Keunimjay Allanazarov, Gulya Khodjaeva, Katherine Shields Jun 2021

Implications Of The Links Between Demography And Ecology For The Economy Of The Republic Of Karakalpakstan, Keunimjay Allanazarov, Gulya Khodjaeva, Katherine Shields

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

This article analyzes the impact of demographic factor on territorial organization of production in rural areas of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and reveals the main trends in production development. The analysis of statistical data of rural areas is given and proposals to improve the negative situation are given. More than 1306.8 thousand people live in rural areas of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, where they are concentrated in 1187 settlements, 26 urban settlements, and 11 towns of district subordination. All this testifies to the presence of large undeveloped production reserves and huge human potential. However, due to reduction of Amudarya water …

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Investigation Of The Twist Of A Yarn With A Square Structure, Liza Toreniyazova, R. Orazbayeva, D. Kadirova, R. Rakhimkhodzhaev Jun 2021

Investigation Of The Twist Of A Yarn With A Square Structure, Liza Toreniyazova, R. Orazbayeva, D. Kadirova, R. Rakhimkhodzhaev

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of yarn twist on the surface density of clothing fabrics with a square structure and the filling calculation of the fabric depending on the weave. The tension in the process of weaving square fabric on a loom with short overlaps is higher relative to weaving of fabric with long overlaps. With an increase in the twist of the yarn, the surface density of the fabric, the coefficient of filling (CST) and the coefficient of connectivity of the fabric (FTC) of the square structure increase.

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Current Transportation Processes In P-N-N+ - Structures Under Saturation Of Recombination Rate, Abat K. Uteniyazov, A Leyderman, M Nsanbaev, Sh Annayeva Jun 2021

Current Transportation Processes In P-N-N+ - Structures Under Saturation Of Recombination Rate, Abat K. Uteniyazov, A Leyderman, M Nsanbaev, Sh Annayeva

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

In the article, the model of the recombination of non - equilibrium carriers through a pair recombination complex of the donor-acceptor pair type is studied under conditions when the concentration of such paired complexes changes (decreases) during the excitation of the material. Also, the article describes that the injection into the p-n-n+ - structure can lead to fundamental changes in the distribution of the concentration of free carriers, especially, to the appearance of a periodic term depending on the concentration of the sample length (instead of the usual exponential dependence).

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Functional Role Of The N-Terminal Domain In Connexin 46/50 By In Silico Mutagenesis And Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Umair Khan Jun 2021

Functional Role Of The N-Terminal Domain In Connexin 46/50 By In Silico Mutagenesis And Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Umair Khan

University Honors Theses

Connexins form intercellular channels known as gap junctions that facilitate diverse physiological roles, from long-range electrical and chemical coupling to nutrient exchange. Recent structural studies on Cx46 and Cx50 have defined a novel and stable open state and implicated the amino-terminal (NT) domain as a major contributor to functional differences between connexin isoforms. This thesis presents two studies which use molecular dynamics simulations with these new structures to provide mechanistic insight into the function and behavior of the NTH in Cx46 and Cx50. In the first, residues in the NTH that differ between Cx46 and Cx50 are swapped between the …

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Algebraic Graph-Assisted Bidirectional Transformers For Molecular Property Prediction, Dong Chen, Kaifu Gao, Duc Duy Nguyen, Xin Chen, Yi Jiang, Guo-Wei Wei, Feng Pan Jun 2021

Algebraic Graph-Assisted Bidirectional Transformers For Molecular Property Prediction, Dong Chen, Kaifu Gao, Duc Duy Nguyen, Xin Chen, Yi Jiang, Guo-Wei Wei, Feng Pan

Mathematics Faculty Publications

The ability of molecular property prediction is of great significance to drug discovery, human health, and environmental protection. Despite considerable efforts, quantitative prediction of various molecular properties remains a challenge. Although some machine learning models, such as bidirectional encoder from transformer, can incorporate massive unlabeled molecular data into molecular representations via a self-supervised learning strategy, it neglects three-dimensional (3D) stereochemical information. Algebraic graph, specifically, element-specific multiscale weighted colored algebraic graph, embeds complementary 3D molecular information into graph invariants. We propose an algebraic graph-assisted bidirectional transformer (AGBT) framework by fusing representations generated by algebraic graph and bidirectional transformer, as well as …

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Mechanisms Of Oscillations And Polyglot Entrainment In Neuronal And Circadian Models, Emel Khan May 2021

Mechanisms Of Oscillations And Polyglot Entrainment In Neuronal And Circadian Models, Emel Khan

Dissertations

Entrainment is a type of synchronization in which the period of an endogenous oscillator matches the period of an external forcing signal and a stable phase relationship is maintained between them. Entrainment patterns are described in terms of the number of input oscillations (N) that are phase-locked to a number of output oscillations (M), referred to as N:M patterns. Arnold tongue diagrams are used to depict the regions of N:M entrainment patterns in the input period-amplitude parameter space. Although the entrainment of self-sustained oscillators by periodic forcing are well investigated is a well-studied problem, entrainment of damped oscillators has been …

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Mathematical Analysis Of Harvested Predator-Prey System With Prey Refuge And Intraspecific Competition, Alanus Mapunda, Thadei Sagamiko May 2021

Mathematical Analysis Of Harvested Predator-Prey System With Prey Refuge And Intraspecific Competition, Alanus Mapunda, Thadei Sagamiko

Tanzania Journal of Science

In this paper, a predator-prey relationship in the presence of prey refuge was studied. The analysis of the dependence of locally stable equilibrium points on the parameters of the problem was carried out. Bifurcation and limit cycles for the model were analyzed to show the dynamical behaviour of the system. The results showed that the system is stable at a constant prey refuge m = 0.3 and prey harvesting rate H = 0.3. However, increasing m and decreasing H or vice versa, the predator-prey system remains stable. It was further observed that for a constant prey refuge m ≥ 0.78, …

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Knowing What We Know: Leveraging Community Knowledge Through Automated Text-Mining, Justin Gardner, Jonathan Tory Toole, Hemant Kalia, Garry Spink Jr., Gordon Broderick May 2021

Knowing What We Know: Leveraging Community Knowledge Through Automated Text-Mining, Justin Gardner, Jonathan Tory Toole, Hemant Kalia, Garry Spink Jr., Gordon Broderick

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

No abstract provided.

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Spring 2021 May 2021

Spring 2021

Scientia

From the Dean: A Decade of Purpose and Progress; Lab Notes: Alumna Wins Gordon Bell Special Prize, New Scholarships, Vaccination Site Volunteers; Women in Science Lecture, National Institutes of Health Grants, "Unequal Cities" Research; All Hands on Deck: Inspired pandemic approaches showcase interdisciplinary acumen in action; Unlocking Potential: Christopher Beasley thinks psychology is key to academic transformation for the formerly incarcerated; Puzzle Master: Bridget Tenner goes to pieces solving problems in cutting-edge mathematics

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Mathematical Models Of Covid-19, Kate Faria May 2021

Mathematical Models Of Covid-19, Kate Faria

Honors Program Theses and Projects

For more than a year, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a major public health issue, affecting the lives of most people around the world. With both people’s health and the economy at great risks, governments rushed to control the spread of the virus. Containment measures were heavily enforced worldwide until a vaccine was developed and distributed. Although researchers today know more about the characteristics of the virus, a lot of work still needs to be done in order to completely remove the disease from the population. However, this is true for most of the infectious diseases in existence, including Influenza, …

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Cortical Dynamics Of Language, Kiefer Forseth May 2021

Cortical Dynamics Of Language, Kiefer Forseth

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The human capability for fluent speech profoundly directs inter-personal communication and, by extension, self-expression. Language is lost in millions of people each year due to trauma, stroke, neurodegeneration, and neoplasms with devastating impact to social interaction and quality of life. The following investigations were designed to elucidate the neurobiological foundation of speech production, building towards a universal cognitive model of language in the brain. Understanding the dynamical mechanisms supporting cortical network behavior will significantly advance the understanding of how both focal and disconnection injuries yield neurological deficits, informing the development of therapeutic approaches.

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Modeling The Problem Of Integral Geometry On A Family Of Hyperbolic And Spherical Curves, Azamat Pirimbetov, N. Uteuliev, G. Djaykov Apr 2021

Modeling The Problem Of Integral Geometry On A Family Of Hyperbolic And Spherical Curves, Azamat Pirimbetov, N. Uteuliev, G. Djaykov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The problems of integral geometry in a strip on a family of curves of hyperbolic and spherical type are considered which have numerous applications in problems of geophysics, thermoacoustic and photoacoustic tomography. Explicit formulas are obtained for the Fourier image of the solution of integral geometry problems in the class of smooth compactly supported functions. Further, the obtained formulas are investigated for stability using numerical methods. To solve the problems, algorithms are constructed. Numerical and graphical results of applying these algorithms to solving the problems are presented.

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Understanding The Effect Of Adaptive Mutations On The Three-Dimensional Structure Of Rna, Justin Cook Apr 2021

Understanding The Effect Of Adaptive Mutations On The Three-Dimensional Structure Of Rna, Justin Cook

Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are variations in the genome where one base pair can differ between individuals.1 SNPs occur throughout the genome and can correlate to a disease-state if they occur in a functional region of DNA.1According to the central dogma of molecular biology, any variation in the DNA sequence will have a direct effect on the RNA sequence and will potentially alter the identity or conformation of a protein product. A single RNA molecule, due to intramolecular base pairing, can acquire a plethora of 3-D conformations that are described by its structural ensemble. One SNP, rs12477830, which …

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Determination Of The Traits In Leguminous Crops Under Saline Condition, Tojiddin Kuliev, Karomat Ismailova Apr 2021

Determination Of The Traits In Leguminous Crops Under Saline Condition, Tojiddin Kuliev, Karomat Ismailova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

In this study, the variability and determination of genetic traits for winter legume crop varieties the Vostok-55 (Pisum arvense L) and Mirzachul-1 (Vicia villoza Roth L) were investigated under moderate saline soil condition. Results show that the weight of the bean was marked as variable and highly deterministic, and the height of the plants was the most stable. The selection of plants based on these traits is the most effective way of salinity. Both variety the forage pea Vostok-55 and vetch Mirzachul-1 is highly recommended as a sideration and forage crop in saline lands.

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Evaluation Of Broadcast Steam Application With Mustard Seed Meal In Fruiting Strawberry, Dong Sub Kim, Steven Kim, Steven A. Fennimore Apr 2021

Evaluation Of Broadcast Steam Application With Mustard Seed Meal In Fruiting Strawberry, Dong Sub Kim, Steven Kim, Steven A. Fennimore

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Soil disinfestation with steam has potential to partially replace fumigants such as methyl bromide, chloropicrin, and 1,3-dichloropropene because it is effective, safer to apply, and has less negative impact on the environment. Here, we compared the efficacy of steam and steam + mustard seed meal (MSM) to chloropicrin on soil disinfection, plant growth, and fruit yield in a strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) fruiting field. The MSM was applied at 3368 kg·ha−1 before the steam application. Steam was injected into a 3-m-wide reverse tiller that was set to till 30 to 40 cm deep. Soil temperatures at depths of …

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Food Security As A Factor Of Sustainable Development Of The Country, Timur Nurimbetov Mar 2021

Food Security As A Factor Of Sustainable Development Of The Country, Timur Nurimbetov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The article examines the state of the food market and the trends in ensuring the country’s food security. The article also analyzes the regional characteristics of the agricultural products market in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The saturation level of regional food markets has been studied. Scientific conclusions and practical recommendations on the supply of food to the population have been made.

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Influence Of Laterial State Of Pair Impurity Complex On Recombination Processes In Semiconductors, L Yu Leyderman, R A. Ayukhanov, Abat Uteniyazov, E S. Esenbaeva, Sh X. Annayeva Mar 2021

Influence Of Laterial State Of Pair Impurity Complex On Recombination Processes In Semiconductors, L Yu Leyderman, R A. Ayukhanov, Abat Uteniyazov, E S. Esenbaeva, Sh X. Annayeva

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The paper analyzes the question of the possible influence of the lateral state of a paired impurity complex on the recombination processes. It is shown that the lateral state of the paired impurity complex does not affect the recombination processes of nonequilibrium carriers - they go through that component of the impurity complex that exchanges carriers with both bands (in this particular case, through the component). The second component of the complex () can apparently play some role in the processes of carrier attachment.

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Organization Of Compact Spinning Technology In Textile Clusters, Baxtiyar Aralbaevich Paluanov, Abdimalik Pirmatovich Pirmatov Mar 2021

Organization Of Compact Spinning Technology In Textile Clusters, Baxtiyar Aralbaevich Paluanov, Abdimalik Pirmatovich Pirmatov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The article proposes a system of continuous supply of raw cotton in continuous spinning technology and methods of maximizing the preservation of the natural properties of the fiber and obtaining high-quality yarn.

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Hb-Pls: A Statistical Method For Identifying Biological Process Or Pathway Regulators By Integrating Huber Loss And Berhu Penalty With Partial Least Squares Regression, Wenping Deng, Kui Zhang, Cheng He, Sanzhen Liu, Hairong Wei Mar 2021

Hb-Pls: A Statistical Method For Identifying Biological Process Or Pathway Regulators By Integrating Huber Loss And Berhu Penalty With Partial Least Squares Regression, Wenping Deng, Kui Zhang, Cheng He, Sanzhen Liu, Hairong Wei

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Gene expression data features high dimensionality, multicollinearity, and non-Gaussian distribution noise, posing hurdles for identification of true regulatory genes controlling a biological process or pathway. In this study, we integrated the Huber loss function and the Berhu penalty (HB) into partial least squares (PLS) framework to deal with the high dimension and multicollinearity property of gene expression data, and developed a new method called HB-PLS regression to model the relationships between regulatory genes and pathway genes. To solve the Huber-Berhu optimization problem, an accelerated proximal gradient descent algorithm with at least 10 times faster than the general convex optimization solver …

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Qualitative Analysis Of A Resource Management Model And Its Application To The Past And Future Of Endangered Whale Populations, Glenn Ledder Mar 2021

Qualitative Analysis Of A Resource Management Model And Its Application To The Past And Future Of Endangered Whale Populations, Glenn Ledder

CODEE Journal

Observed whale dynamics show drastic historical population declines, some of which have not been reversed in spite of restrictions on harvesting. This phenomenon is not explained by traditional predator prey models, but we can do better by using models that incorporate more sophisticated assumptions about consumer-resource interaction. To that end, we derive the Holling type 3 consumption rate model and use it in a one-variable differential equation obtained by treating the predator population in a predator-prey model as a parameter rather than a dynamic variable. The resulting model produces dynamics in which low and high consumption levels lead to single …

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Analysis Of Repeated Milk Yields And Composition Traits By Mixed Models For Crossbred Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows, Ewonetu Senbeta, Kefelegn Kefenie, Adane Abebe Feb 2021

Analysis Of Repeated Milk Yields And Composition Traits By Mixed Models For Crossbred Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows, Ewonetu Senbeta, Kefelegn Kefenie, Adane Abebe

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study evaluated the effects of milking month, milking time, and lactation stage on milk yield and composition traits of crossbred dairy cows. Twelve crossbred Holstein Friesian cows with the same parity were purposefully selected and categorized into three groups; each consisting of four. All cows were individually managed for 120 days. Milk yield record was done every day for the morning and evening time whereas milk samples were taken every fifteen-day intervals. Data collected were analysed by PROC MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4. The “morning milkings” in all milking months showed the highest variations for “milk yield” whereas the …

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Euler, Father Of Haemodynamics, Sylvio R. Bistafa Feb 2021

Euler, Father Of Haemodynamics, Sylvio R. Bistafa

Euleriana

This article is being published in conjunction with the translation and synopsis of E855. Principia pro motu sanguinis per arterias determinando of 1775 - view the translation and synopsis by clicking here.

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Understanding Changes In Marine Communities Through A Discretized, Size-Structured Matrix Model, Courtney Swanson Jan 2021

Understanding Changes In Marine Communities Through A Discretized, Size-Structured Matrix Model, Courtney Swanson

Senior Seminars and Capstones

We study a discretized, size-structured matrix model which calculates population in a marine community over time. A portion of this model is a discretized version of the McKendrick-von Foerster equation, so we spend some time studying the process of discretizing that equation. We implement a mini model containing 10 size categories instead of the original 50, and we looked at how the marine community behaves over 40 years. We discuss some of the challenges when implementing this model.

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A Mathematical Model For Predicting Animal Population Persistence On Fragmented Landscapes, Allyson Jones Jan 2021

A Mathematical Model For Predicting Animal Population Persistence On Fragmented Landscapes, Allyson Jones

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The effects of roads, buildings, and cities on animal populations are widespread and, often times, disastrous. These structures fragment animals' homes, inhibiting their ability to obtain essential resources and to reproduce. The question arises then: Under what circumstances can an animal population persist in a fragmented landscape? To attempt to answer this question, we present a spatially explicit reaction-diffusion model with varying growth and diffusion rates that incorporates animal behavior at points where habitats are fragmented for four different habitats. The outcome of extinction or persistence of the animal population is determined by examining the effects of changing parameters on …

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Use Of Lymesim 2.0 To Assess The Potential For Single And Integrated Management Methods To Control Blacklegged Ticks (Ixodes Scapularis; Acari: Ixodidae) And Transmission Of Lyme Disease Spirochetes, Shravani Chitineni, Elizabeth R. Gleim, Holly D. Gaff Jan 2021

Use Of Lymesim 2.0 To Assess The Potential For Single And Integrated Management Methods To Control Blacklegged Ticks (Ixodes Scapularis; Acari: Ixodidae) And Transmission Of Lyme Disease Spirochetes, Shravani Chitineni, Elizabeth R. Gleim, Holly D. Gaff

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Annual Lyme disease cases continue to rise in the U.S. making it the most reported vector-borne illness in the country. The pathogen (Borrelia burgdorferi) and primary vector (Ixodes scapularis; blacklegged tick) dynamics of Lyme disease are complicated by the multitude of vertebrate hosts and varying environmental factors, making models an ideal tool for exploring disease dynamics in a time- and cost-effective way. In the current study, LYMESIM 2.0, a mechanistic model, was used to explore the effectiveness of three commonly used tick control methods: habitat-targeted acaricide (spraying), rodent-targeted acaricide (bait boxes), and white-tailed deer targeted acaricide (4-poster …

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Comparison Of Software Packages For Detecting Differentially Expressed Genes From Single-Sample Rna-Seq Data, Rong Zhou Jan 2021

Comparison Of Software Packages For Detecting Differentially Expressed Genes From Single-Sample Rna-Seq Data, Rong Zhou

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has rapidly become the tool in many genome-wide transcriptomic studies. It provides a way to understand the RNA environment of cells in different physiological or pathological states to determine how cells respond to these changes. RNA-seq provides quantitative information about the abundance of different RNA species present in a given sample. If the difference or change observed in the read counts or expression level between two experimental conditions is statistically significant, the gene is declared as differentially expressed. A large number of methods for detecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with RNA-seq have been developed, such as the methods …

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Neither “Post-War” Nor Post-Pregnancy Paranoia: How America’S War On Drugs Continues To Perpetuate Disparate Incarceration Outcomes For Pregnant, Substance-Involved Offenders, Becca S. Zimmerman Jan 2021

Neither “Post-War” Nor Post-Pregnancy Paranoia: How America’S War On Drugs Continues To Perpetuate Disparate Incarceration Outcomes For Pregnant, Substance-Involved Offenders, Becca S. Zimmerman

Pitzer Senior Theses

This thesis investigates the unique interactions between pregnancy, substance involvement, and race as they relate to the War on Drugs and the hyper-incarceration of women. Using ordinary least square regression analyses and data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates, I examine if (and how) pregnancy status, drug use, race, and their interactions influence two length of incarceration outcomes: sentence length and amount of time spent in jail between arrest and imprisonment. The results collectively indicate that pregnancy decreases length of incarceration outcomes for those offenders who are not substance-involved but not evenhandedly -- benefitting white …

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Joint Modeling Of Rnaseq And Radiomics Data For Glioma Molecular Characterization And Prediction, Zeina A. Shboul, Norou Diawara, Arastoo Vossough, James Y. Chen, Khan M. Iftekharuddin Jan 2021

Joint Modeling Of Rnaseq And Radiomics Data For Glioma Molecular Characterization And Prediction, Zeina A. Shboul, Norou Diawara, Arastoo Vossough, James Y. Chen, Khan M. Iftekharuddin

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

RNA sequencing (RNAseq) is a recent technology that profiles gene expression by measuring the relative frequency of the RNAseq reads. RNAseq read counts data is increasingly used in oncologic care and while radiology features (radiomics) have also been gaining utility in radiology practice such as disease diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment planning. However, contemporary literature lacks appropriate RNA-radiomics (henceforth, radiogenomics) joint modeling where RNAseq distribution is adaptive and also preserves the nature of RNAseq read counts data for glioma grading and prediction. The Negative Binomial (NB) distribution may be useful to model RNAseq read counts data that addresses potential shortcomings. …

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Predicting Carcass Cut Yields In Cattle From Digitalimages Using Artificial Intelligence, Darragh Matthews Jan 2021

Predicting Carcass Cut Yields In Cattle From Digitalimages Using Artificial Intelligence, Darragh Matthews

Theses

Beef carcass classification in Europe is predicated on the EUROP grid for both fatness and conformation. Although this system performs well for grouping visually similar carcasses, it cannot be used to accurately predict meat yields from these groups, especially when considered on an individual cut level. Deep Learning (DL) has proven to be a successful tool for many image classification problems but has yet to be fully proven in a regression scenario using carcass images. Here we have trained DL models to predict carcass cut yields and compared predictions to more standard machine learning (ML) methods. Three approaches were undertaken …

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