Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons^™

A Systematic, Holistic And Transdisciplinary Energy Management Framework To Promote Environmentally Sustainable Shipyards, Seyedvahid Vakili

World Maritime University Ph.D. Dissertations

Shipbuilding is an energy-intensive industry and has negative environmental impacts. Given the contribution of the production phase to ships' air emissions throughout their life cycle, there is no international regulation to monitor, control or reduce air emissions during this phase. However, it may be covered by State’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) under the Paris Agreement. Achieving a zero-emission shipping industry requires a broader, holistic, systematic and "cradle to grave" approach that takes into account the life cycle of the ship, from production to scrapping.

The aim of the study is to develop to a holistic and systematic approach to reducing …

Regional Correlation And Depositional History Using Well Log And Core Data Of The Geneseo-Burket From The Poseidon 8m Well, Westmoreland County Pa, Usa, Spencer Leonard Williams Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Abstract

Regional Correlation and Depositional History using Well Log and Core Data of the Geneseo-Burket from the Poseidon 8M Well, Westmoreland County PA, USA

Spencer Williams

Natural gas producers have invested billions of dollars in Pennsylvania and West Virginia to establish significant gas production from the Devonian Marcellus Shale and the deeper Ordovician Utica-Point Pleasant interval. In addition, commercial gas production has been reported from several other Devonian shale units in the Appalachian region, including the Rhinestreet, Levanna, and Geneseo-Burket. The Marcellus Shale is the largest natural gas play in the United States. The Marcellus is located directly under the …

Using Drones To Evaluate Revegetation Success On Natural Gas Pipelines, Anthony Nelson Mesa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Appalachian region of the United States has significant growth in the production of natural gas. Developing the infrastructure required for this resource creates significant disturbances across the landscape, as both well pads and transportation pipelines must be created in this mountainous terrain. Midstream infrastructure, which includes pipeline rights-of-way and associated infrastructure, can cause significant environmental degradation, especially in the form of sedimentation. The introduction of this non-point source pollutant can be detrimental to freshwater ecosystems found throughout this region. This ecological risk has necessitated the enactment of regulations related to midstream infrastructure development. Weekly, inspectors travel afoot along pipeline …

Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopic Detection Of Ethanol: A Side-By-Side Comparison Of Zno And Hkust-1 Mofs As Sensing Media, Papa K. Amoah, Zeinab Mohammed Hassan, Pengtao Lin, Engelbert Redel, Helmut Baumgart, Yaw S. Obeng

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The most common gas sensors are based on chemically induced changes in electrical resistivity and necessarily involve making imperfect electrical contacts to the sensing materials, which introduce errors into the measurements. We leverage thermal- and chemical-induced changes in microwave propagation characteristics (i.e., S-parameters) to compare ZnO and surface-anchored metal-organic-framework (HKUST-1 MOF) thin films as sensing materials for detecting ethanol vapor, a typical volatile organic compound (VOC), at low temperatures. We show that the microwave propagation technique can detect ethanol at relatively low temperatures (<100 >°C), and afford new mechanistic insights that are inaccessible with the traditional dc-resistance-based measurements. In addition, …

Optimal Design Of Hybrid Renewable Energy For Tanzania Rural Communities, Ester T Marcel, Joseph Mutale, Aviti T Mushi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Rural communities in developing countries lack access to electricity due to high costs of grid extension. This paper proposes a hybrid system of renewable energy (HRES) as solution. The HRES consists of solar, wind, and battery energy storage (BES). The village called Ngw’amkanga in Shinyanga region of Tanzania, East Africa is selected as a case study. An iterative method to determine the size of wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation required assuming a project life of 25 years at minimum annualised cost of the system ( ) is proposed. The project life time is fixed on the life span of …

Biodiesel Generation From Palm Kernel Biomass Via An In-Situ Transesterification Approach, Chikaodili D Ikechukwu, Ikhazuagbe H Ifijen, Nyaknno U. Udokpoh

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study investigated an in-situ transesterification of palm kernel biomass at variable reaction times (4 h, 5 h and 6 h) and catalyst loading (2 wt%, 3 wt.% and 5 wt.%). The biodiesel yields were observed to vary with these parameters. GC-MS analysis showed high fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) contents for all the prepared biodiesel samples (C-18:1, C-14:0, C-16:0, and C-18:0). 2 wt.% catalyst loading and 4 h reaction time were observed to be the best reaction conditions from the experimented parameters that gave the best biodiesel yield at 300 rpm mixing intensity. The in-situ method recorded a higher …

Saxs-Based Nano-Scale Pore Structure Characteristics Of Coals With Different Metamorphic Degrees, Zhang Yu, Li Yong, Wang Yanbin, Wang Zhuangsen, Zhao Shihu, Han Wenlong

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to reveal the characteristics of nano-scale pores in coals with different metamorphic degrees, the small-angle X-ray scattering method (SAXS) is used to obtain the porosity, pore size distribution, specific surface area and fractal dimension of 15 samples whose vitrinite reflectance R_max is 0.31%-6.24%, and the low temperature CO₂ and N₂ adsorption DFT model results are used to verify the pore size distribution. The results show: during coalification process, when R_max is < 0.5%, the porosity and the specific surface area of coal increase with the increase of metamorphic degree, the micropores(< 2 nm) content increases seldomly, the mesoporous(2-50 nm) and microporous(50-100 nm) content increase greatly, and the surface of coal is gradually smooth. When R_max=0.5%-1.4%, the porosity and the specific surface area decrease, and each type of pore content is reduced, and the surface of …

Cbm Well Drainage Data-Based Dynamic Inversion Study Of Reservoir Gas Content, Ma Dongmin, Ji Yusong, Chen Yue, Zheng Chao, Teng Jinxiang, Ma Zhuoyuan, Xiao Jialong

Coal Geology & Exploration

The gas content of coal reservoir is the core parameter of coalbed methane production. There is an error between the measured gas content and the real gas content of coal reservoir. In this paper, based on the gas production of Haishiwan coalbed methane wells in different periods and the decrease of the "constant volume" of the gas content of coal reservoirs, the real-time gas content of coal reservoirs is inverted, and the change rule of the real-time gas content in the process of coalbed methane well drainage is explored. The results show that: (1) The gas content of coal reservoir …

3d Seismic Physical Modeling Acquisition Technology And Its Application, Liu Qiang, Shi Xianxin, Hu Jiwu, Dong Ruijing, Lian Chenguang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Seismic physical modeling acts as a bridge between the research on seismic theoretical methods and actual seismic exploration, which is an important means of studying the propagation law of the elastic wave field and verifying the processing and interpretation methods. It plays an important role of theoretical supporting in the field of oil & gas seismic exploration. There is a great difference between coalfield and oil & gas in seismic exploration attributes, and no professional automatic seismic physical modeling system has been built in the field of coal field seismic exploration. Therefore, a large professional 3D seismic physical modeling system …

Prevention And Control Technology Of Goaf Water Hazard In Unauthorized Mining Areas Of Extremely Soft And Medium-Thick Coal Seams, Li Zhi, Zheng Shitian, Shi Zhiyuan, Wang Yuhang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Unauthorized mining in coal pit is common in China's coal industry. As the scope of unauthorized mining and the amount of accumulated water are hard to determine, the goaf water seriously threatens the safety of mining in adjacent large coal mines. In order to explore the unauthorized boundary of coalpits quickly and accurately and prevent the threat of goaf water, the long distance drilling technology of ground bedding borehole in medium and thick coal seam is proposed based on the controllable trajectory and accurate positioning of ground directional drilling, which mainly includes precise drilling in extremely soft and medium-thick coal …

Research On The Coal Thickness Prediction Method Based On Vmd And Svm, Zeng Aiping, Zhang Jiawei, Ren Enming, Liu Tao, Jiang Fei, Liu Xingjin, Su Huairui

Coal Geology & Exploration

Changes in coal thickness have an important impact on safe and efficient coal mining. In order to solve the problem of large errors in coal thickness prediction results when the 3D seismic data contains noise, a method in which variable modal decomposition(VMD) and support vector machine(SVM) methods are combined for coal thickness prediction is proposed. Firstly, a coal-thickness wedge model is constructed and seismic forward modeling is performed on it. Based on the condition of thin coal seam thickness, the amplitude attribute and bandwidth attribute have a good positive correlation with the coal thickness, while the instantaneous frequency attribute has …

Research And Application Of The Prediction Method For Cbm Enrichment Area Of Low Rank Coal, Luo Zhongqin, Liu Peng, Meng Fanbin Research Institute Of Coal Geophysical Exploration, China National Administration Of Coal Geology, Zhuozhou 072750, China

Coal Geology & Exploration

The exploration of low rank coal coalbed methane(CBM) faces the problems of low resource exploration rate and low single well production. And medium and low rank coal CBM exploration is still in the primary stage. In order to improve the predition accuracy of the low rank coal CBM enrichment area, the laboratory test data of 652 coal samples from 56 wells in Hancheng, Jincheng Baode, Ji'ergalangtu Qinshui Basin, Huainan, Huaibei and other places were collected to compare the relationship between gas content and elastic parameters of high, medium and low rank coal samples. The results indicated that the correlation between …

Characteristics Of The Shale Gas Reservoirs And Evaluation Of Sweet Spots In Wufeng Formation And Longmaxi Formation In Jingmen Exploration Area, Li Xiaoming, Liu Jirong, Lin Wen, Ma Lihong, Liu Dexun, Chen Yujie

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to further clarify the resource potential of shale gas from Wufeng Formation to Longmaxi Formation in Jingmen exploration area, sweet spots were selected. The shale in Wufeng Formation and 1th Member of Longmaxi Formation of the well X was taken as the research object in this study. Using sliced kerogen, X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, micro nano CT scanning, geochemical analysis and other testing methods, combined with logging interpretation results, based on the petrology, organic geochemical and mineral composition, physical properties, pore types and structure characteristics and hydrocarbon content, the reservoir characteristics of Wufeng-1^th Member of the …

Analysis Of Organic Matter Maturity Of Sapropel Coal In Oil Layer A Of Haishiwan Mine Field Of Yaojie Mining Area, Song Xiaozhong, Zhang Bingzhong, Lei Ying, Song Yanqiang

Coal Geology & Exploration

The vitrinite reflectance is recognized as the only comparable evaluation index of organic matter maturity of source rock in the exploration and development of oil and gas, shale gas and coalbed methane resources. Current research was done to determine the organic matter maturity of sapropel coal in oil layer A in Haishiwan mine field more accurately. Coal samples were collected from boreholes and observation of the optical characteristics of reflected light and fluorescence microscopic components were studied under the microscope. It was found that there are two different characteristic vitrinites in sapropel coal in oil layer A. One was fluorescent …

Prediction Of Fracture Distribution And Evaluation Of Shale Gas Preservation Conditions In Longmaxi Formation In Dongxi Area, Xie Jiatong, Fu Xiaoping, Qin Qirong, Li Hu

Coal Geology & Exploration

Commercial development of shale gas confirmed that mature shale has great potential for exploration, southeast Sichuan is the strategic pilot area of shale gas exploration and development in southern China, cracks are the key factor of shale gas preservation and development deployment, for the structural environment complex and special basin edge area, increasing the difficulty of shale crack research, but also provides a new direction for shale gas exploration and development. As a new field of oil and gas exploration in China, shale gas exploration has not yet developed a mature crack evaluation system. Taking Dongxi area of the southeast …

Experimental Study On Transient Electromagnetic Method With A Conical Source, Yang Haiyan, Liu Zhixin, Zhang Hua, Chen Xiao, Lian Zhe, Wang Ling, Yang Fujie

Coal Geology & Exploration

A new transmitter device-conical source has been proved theoretically to have several advantages for transient electromagnetic sounding. To verify application ability of conical source, two kinds of transmitter devices were designed and made, and the experimental studies on surface and in mine roadway were carried out. By applying high density resistivity achievements in surface experiment, the detecting results using conical source and multi-coils were compared. The results show that the description of strata resistivity with conical source is better than that with multi-coils. One fault was identified and the strike and position of which matches the high density resistivity result …

Development And Prospect Of Intelligent Drilling Technology And Equipment For Underground Coal Mines In China, Li Quanxin, Liu Fei, Fang Jun Xi'an Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Coal Technology And Engineering Group Corp., Xi'an 710077, China, Liu Jianlin, Chu Zhiwei

Coal Geology & Exploration

The intelligent drilling technology and equipment are important part of the intelligent construction of coal mine, and it is the advanced technology and equipment urgently needed by coal mine enterprises to further promote the work of reducing personnel and increasing efficiency. The phased achievements of underground intelligent drilling technology and equipment during the 13th five-year plan are systematically summarized, and the development status of key technical equipment such as automatic drilling rig, parameter monitoring of measurement while drilling(MWD) system, rotary steerable system are introduced. The key factors restricting the research and development (R & D) and application of intelligent drilling …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Geochemical Characteristics Of Marine-Continental Transitional Facies Shale And Shale Gas In Linxing Area, Chen Xin, Wu Peng, Gao Jixian, Hu Weiqiang, Ding Wangui, Li Yangbing, Liu Xueqing, Ma Litao, Liu Cheng, Kong Wei, Cao Di, Chen Jianqi, Li Yong

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to reveal the geochemical characteristics of shale and shale gas on the east edge of Ordos Basin, thin section identification, full rock and clay content, scanning electron microscope, organic carbon, rock pyrolysis, kerogen macerals, and kerogen carbon isotopes were tested, and the gas component and carbon isotopes composition of shale were analyzed. The results show that the mineral component of the transitional facies shale in Linxing area is mainly quartz and clay minerals, containing a small amount of calcite, plagioclase, potassium feldspar, dolomite and pyrite. Affected by the mineral genesis and deposition environment, different mineral components and organic …

Geological Characteristics And Reservoir-Forming Potential Of Shale Gas Of Transitional Facies In Linxing Area, Eastern Margin Of Ordos Basin, Wu Peng, Cao Di, Zhu Guanghui, Liu Xueqing, Li Yong, Li Yangbing, Hu Weiqiang, Liu Zaizhen, Kong Wei, Fei Jingliang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Shale gas of transitional facies is the important replacing area for increase of shale gas reserves and production. On the basis of the experiment and research data of shale of transitional facies of Linxing area in the eastern margin of Ordos Basin, by selecting the strata series of Shanxi Formation, Taiyuan Formation and Benxi Formation as the research object, from the sedimentary environments, shale distribution, organic geochemical characteristics, mineralogy, physical characteristics and gas-bearing characteristics, etc., the geology characteristics of the shale gas transitional facies in the study area were summarized and dissected systematically to analyze its enrichment and reservoir-forming potential. …

Qualitative-Quantitative Multi Scale Characteristics Of Shale Pore Structure From Upper Paleozoic Coal-Measures In Linxing Area, Liu Cheng, Ding Wangui, Zhang Jian, Chen Xin, Wu Peng, Liu Xueqing, Li Yangbing, Ma Litao, Hu Weiqiang, Kong Wei, Li Yong

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to reveal the micro-pore structure characteristics of marine-continental transitional shale and its main controlling factors in the eastern margin of Ordos Basin, and to enrich the understanding of pore development characteristics and pore structure of marine-continental transitional coal-bearing shale in the block, scanning electron microscope, high-pressure mercury injection and liquid nitrogen adsorption analysis were used to characterize the micro-pore structure characteristics of shale in Linxing area. Furthermore, porosity, total content of organic carbon, mineral content, clay relative content and organic matter maturity were tested to study the main controlling factors of development of shale pore structure. The results …

Characteristics Of Shallow Coal Measure Gas Reservoir And Key Technologies Of Exploration And Development In Yaojie Mining Area, Du Xinfeng, Yuan Chongliang, Wang Zhengxi, Wang Junde, Li Shibing, Liu Jingdan, He Xiuqing, Zhang Tianguo, Shan Yuanwei, Fang Jiawei

Coal Geology & Exploration

The exploration and development of coal measures gas can not only effectively improve the single well production of coalbed methane in coal mining areas, reduce the waste of resources, but also alleviate the energy crisis in China, reduce coal mine gas accidents, protect the atmospheric environment, and contribute to the realization of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. Based on the shallow coal measure gas development demonstration project in the third mining area of Haishiwan mine field, the characteristics of coal measure gas reservoirs in Yaojie mining area are analyzed, and the key technologies for coal-measure gas exploration and development are …

A 3d Seismic Physical Modeling System Of Large Double Triaxial Air-Supported Positioning And Multichannel Data Acquisition And Its Application, Shi Xianxin, Liu Qiang, Hu Jiwu, Wang Pan, Lian Chenguang, Jia Qian, Zhang Miaomiao, Nie Ailan

Coal Geology & Exploration

As an important technology to study seismic wave propagation characteristics, 3D seismic physical simulation is an effective method to understand the propagation law and response characteristics of seismic waves in complex structures. It has the advantages of more realistic results and no limitation on calculation methods and boundary conditions over numerical simulation. Therefore, it has important applications in the research of the basic law of seismic wave propagation, verification of field seismic exploration methods, design optimization of observation systems, etc. This paper presents a 3D seismic physical modeling system of large double triaxial air-supported positioning and multichannel data acquisition, which …

Physical Modeling Of Seismic Response For The Coal Seams Of Yan'an Formation In Loess Tableland Of North China, Xing Tingdong, Xue Shigui, Li Xiaowei, Suo Chonghui, Wang Huiming, Jiao Yanyan

Coal Geology & Exploration

A seismic physical simulation is carried out for the complex seismic response of the coal seam of Yan'an Formation in the loess tableland. First, the physical model materials for the dry layer near the surface of the loess tableland and the coal seam are developed. After several tests, a mixture of silicone rubber with silicon aerogel powder is selected to simulate the surface of the loess tableland, and the mixture with ultra-fine carbon powder added to silicone rubber is used to simulate the low-speed and low-density coal seam. Through the methods of molds control layer, layer by layer pouring, three-dimensional …

Design And Construction Of A Seismic Physical Model Of Room-Pillar Goafs In Shallow Coal Seams, Wang Pan, Zhu Shujie, Jia Qian, Jian Benqi, Lian Miaomiao, Dong Ruijing

Coal Geology & Exploration

In view of the problem of low detection accuracy of room-pillar goafs in shallow coal seams in northern Shaanxi, the seismic physical model is designed for physical simulation according to the principle of similarity ratio of geometry size and wave impedance. Through a large number of ratio tests of similar materials, the ratio of epoxy resin and silicone rubber is determined as 1 : 1.2 for similar materials of low velocity loess layer, 1 : 0.2 : 0.6 for epoxy resin, silicone rubber and talc for mudstone, 1 : 0.4 for epoxy resin and silicone rubber for coal seams, 1 …

Discussion On The Recommended Models For Resource Reuse Of Closed Coal Mines In Main Mining Areas Of Hebei Province, Yin Quanzeng, Chen Zhongshan, Feng Qiyan, Geng Lijuan, Lian Lixun, Li Fang, Liu Ning

Coal Geology & Exploration

The evaluation and the utilization of the resources of the closed coal mines have dual benefits of resources and environment, and can provide a transformation and development path for coal mining enterprises. Based on the investigation of the resources of the closed coal mines in the main mining areas of Hebei Province, through the summary of the typical cases of the resources reuse of the closed coal mines at home and abroad and in Hebei Province, this paper sums up 7 types and 19 kinds of recommended modes of the resources reuse of the closed coal mines in Hebei Province, …

Deformation Characteristics Of Coal Measures And Gas Occurrence Law Of Coal Mines In North China, Wang Wei, Wei Yanzhao, Jia Tianrang, Yan Jiangwei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Gas is not only one of the important disaster-causing factors in coal mines, but also an important clean energy. Understanding the deformation characteristics of coal measures and the occurrence of gas is the basis for coal mine gas disaster prevention and coalbed methane development. Taking the North China coal measures as the research object, taking the tectonic evolution and control as the main line, using the theory of plate tectonics, tectonic evolution and step by step control of gas-occurring structures, the deformation characteristics of the North China coal-measures and the law of coal mine gas occurrence were systematically studied. The …

Plastic Deformation-Based Constitutive Relation Of Coal Damage And Permeability Model, Wu Xuehai, Li Bobo, Wang Xin, Gao Zheng, Li Jianhua, Xu Jiang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Coal and gas outburst induced by mining disturbance is one of the main gas dynamic disasters in coal mine production. In order to systematically explore the evolution characteristics of coal damage and the law of gas seepage under mining disturbance, the whole stress strain–seepage experiment under different gas pressures was carried out. The generalized Hooke's law was modified by considering the effects of gas adsorption and thermal expansion, the plastic deformation-based constitutive relation of coal damage was established, and the piecewise permeability model considering the damage was further constructed. The results shown that the coal permeability can be divided into …

New Method And Optimization Research On Water Sealing Outside Casing Based On Water-Swelling Rubber For Stratified Pumping, Zheng Xianghua, Yuan Wei, Luo Yunxiang, Cheng Cong

Coal Geology & Exploration

Stratified pumping test is a key technique for hydrogeological exploration. To solve the problems of low efficiency and poor reliability and controllability of the traditional water-sealing methods outside casing for stratified pumping, a water-swelling rubber was developed based on high water absorption of the sodium polyacrylate resin, and a new approach based on water-swelling rubber was proposed and optimized by the response surface methodology in this paper. With the water swelling ratio of the rubber as response index, a surrogate model was constructed by the Box-Behnken experimental design to study the influence of different process parameters, working condition parameters, and …

Discussion On The Water-Preserved Coal Mining By Dewatering-Reflooding Water Curtain In Open-Pit Coal Mines, Li Ying, Yang Zhuo, Wu Tong

Coal Geology & Exploration

To suppress the attenuation of groundwater resources caused by drainage and control the influence range of coal mining on groundwater resources, the coal mining technology with water curtain was adopted. Taking an open-pit coal mine as the background, this paper established a sand trough recharge platform to carry out physical experiments, and used a numerical method to simulate the irrigation area, so as to analyze the formation and variation of the dewatering-reflooding water curtain. Physical experiments were carried out to observe the formation of a fixed head boundary by water injection curtain which prevented the expansion of funnel, the influence …