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Articles 31 - 58 of 58
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Monitoring
Adequacy Of Terrestrial Fauna Surveys For The Preparation Of Environmental Impact Assessments In The Mining Industry Of Western Australia [Thesis], Jason L. Fraser
Adequacy Of Terrestrial Fauna Surveys For The Preparation Of Environmental Impact Assessments In The Mining Industry Of Western Australia [Thesis], Jason L. Fraser
Theses : Honours
The Environmental protection Authority has indicated that terrestrial fauna surveys as undertaken for the purpose of preparing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) are not providing adequate information to enable decision-makers to assess development impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems. In the absence of a protocol to assess current standards of terrestrial fauna surveys, 'best practice' was defined through discussions held with an 'expert panel', and quantified through a questionnaire. This study examined current standards of terrestrial vertebrate fauna surveys, prepared for the purpose of EIA, with 'best practice' as defined by relevant expert opinion. Strengths and weaknesses of terrestrial fauna surveys were …
Biogeography Of A Changing Landscape: Pipidinny Swamp, Yanchep National Park Western Australia, Bradley W. Boucher
Biogeography Of A Changing Landscape: Pipidinny Swamp, Yanchep National Park Western Australia, Bradley W. Boucher
Theses : Honours
The resources of Pipidinny Swamp were utilised by the Nyoongar Aboriginal people for possibly 40,000 years. Since the late 1800s, the resources of Pipidinny Swamp were used by non-Indigenous settlers. More recently, the wetland was incorporated in the Yanchep National Park in 1991.This study sought to reconstruct the changes to the natural and cultural environments within the wetland to provide background knowledge for the management board of the Park. Field investigations abo demonstrated the dynamic state of the wetland over a six-month period between low water (Feb-Apr) and high water (Aug-Oct) by monitoring the groundwater system, the vegetation system, and …
The Applicability Of Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis To Measure The Water Use Efficiency Of Melaleuca Preissiana Populations On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, Hayley E. Valentine
The Applicability Of Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis To Measure The Water Use Efficiency Of Melaleuca Preissiana Populations On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, Hayley E. Valentine
Theses : Honours
Stable carbon isotope (δ13C) analysis is a tool used to understand the water use efficiency (WUE) of plants. The advantage of measuring the carbon isotope composition in plant tissue over other measures of WUE (such as the ratio of photosynthesis to transpiration) is that it provides a time-integrated, rather than an instantaneous measure of plant-water relations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of using δ13C analysis in natural populations of the fringing tree Melaleuca preissiana based on short and long term sampling methods. There were three components to this study; a controlled, …
The Effect Of Leaf Movement On Algal Epiphytes In Seagrass Meadows, T. R. Reid
The Effect Of Leaf Movement On Algal Epiphytes In Seagrass Meadows, T. R. Reid
Theses : Honours
Artificial seagrass units were used to determine whether seagrass leaf movement influences the biomass, species richness and composition of epiphytic macroalgae on the leaves of seagrasses, and whether the influence of leaf movement is altered by the degree of exposure to water movement and to depth. The influence of leaf movement on epiphytic biomass is important from an environmental management perspective, as there is the potential for epiphytic productivity to be underestimated if leaf movement is reducing the standing crop of epiphytes on seagrass leaves. Two forms of artificial seagrass units were used in three experiments to achieve these objectives; …
Detecting The Cause Of Acidification At A Seasonal Wetland On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, Through Laboratory And Field Mesocosm Experiments, Kelli O'Neill
Theses : Honours
Acidification (pH< 4.5) was detected at Lake Jandabup, a shallow, seasonal wetland on the Swan Coastal Plain. Western Australia. Concern has been raised because populations of invertebrate species have declined or disappeared since acidification, potentially compromising the status of the lake as a nature reserve. The Jake bed is underlain with pyrite (feS2), which oxidises when dry producing sulfates, hydrogen ions and ferrous iron. Being seasonal, Lake Jandabup would be expected to be naturally acidic, but the more recent trend has been a prolonged (> 1 year) and extreme acidification (pH < 4.0). This study endeavoured to explain why the Jake may have undergone an acidic change, why it may have recovered and whether it will happen again. It was hypothesised that the acidification may have been caused by prolonged drying of the lake causing excessive oxidation of pyrite which produced more acid than the wetland could neutralise through buffering. The hypothesis was tested through laboratory and field experiments. The laboratory experiment involved taking intact sediment cores from around the lake, drying them for various lengths of time, and measuring pH, sulfate, total iron, total alkalinity and total aridity upon rehydration. Dried sediment from diatomaceous earth under Fe(OH)3 precipitate gave the lowest pH of less than 4.0. High sulfates, low alkalinity and low pH were interrelated. While drying in its own right produced low pH, generally there was no significant difference between drying times for release of selected variables. The field experiment involved the establishment of small in situ mesocosms to test for the effects …
Identification Of Wetland Plant Hydrotypes On The Swan Coastal Plain Western Australia, Robyn Loomes
Identification Of Wetland Plant Hydrotypes On The Swan Coastal Plain Western Australia, Robyn Loomes
Theses : Honours
The hydrology of 19 Swan Coastal Plain wetlands was described in relation to its influence on the composition and stn1cturc of wetland vegetation. Sixty species were identified as ‘wetland’ plants. The water depth ranges, or hydrological envelopes, of these species were determined and species grouped together based on the water regimes they experienced. Descriptions of wetland hydrology suggested that the surface and groundwater levels of the majority of study wetlands had declined in both the short (3-5 years) and long-term (20-50 years). Wetlands belonging to the Bibra Suite did not follow this trend as surface water levels either increased or …
The Use Of Stable Isotopic Signatures Of Marine Biota To Map Sewage Effluent Disposed Into The Marine Environment, Adam Gartner
The Use Of Stable Isotopic Signatures Of Marine Biota To Map Sewage Effluent Disposed Into The Marine Environment, Adam Gartner
Theses : Honours
Recent work indicates that nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of aquatic biota can be used to link nutrient inputs in the marine environment to terrestrial sources. While this technique of tracing nutrients has been shown to be effective in environments that are not nutrient limited, it has not been proved that this method is effective in oligotrophic environments. This study examined whether nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of marine biota can be used to trace the distribution of sewage effluent in highly mixed, nitrogen limited waters, by examining the δ15N values of marine biota situated close to and distant from …
Biofilm Composition And Function In Stormwater Constructed Wetland Systems On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, S. A. Hawkins
Biofilm Composition And Function In Stormwater Constructed Wetland Systems On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, S. A. Hawkins
Theses : Honours
The ability of natural wetlands to act as effective nutrient sinks and to absorb new nutrient loadings is well documented. Constructed wetland systems (CWSs) aimed at optimising these nutrient removal mechanisms have been used for the removal of nutrients and pollutants from a variety of waters and wastewaters over the past thirty years. Over the past decade, the use of CWSs has extended to the removal of nutrients from urban stormwater, as a more ecologically sensible management option to the traditional method of discharging stormwater into natural wetlands. Stormwater CWSs on the Swan Coastal Plain are designed to remove phosphorus. …
Managing Mountain Bike Impacts In The South West Of Western Australia : Combining Biophysical Impact Studies With Rider Preferences For Better Trail Design, Ute Goeft
Theses : Honours
This thesis examines the environmental impacts of mountain bikes on trails in the southwest of Western Australia and the preferences, perceptions, trail use and demographics of mountain bike riders in that region. This information is important for resource managers and trail developers to ensure that the trails that are provided and planned for mountain bike use in the region are environmentally appropriate and acceptable to users. The environmental impacts were examined through biophysical studies, which investigated soil loss, soil compaction and vegetation damage on and adjacent to mountain bike trails over a period of six months. A mountain bike racing …
Salinity Action Plan : Wetland Vegetation Monitoring, 1998/1999, R. Gurner, G. Ogden, R. H. Froend
Salinity Action Plan : Wetland Vegetation Monitoring, 1998/1999, R. Gurner, G. Ogden, R. H. Froend
Research outputs pre 2011
This report represents the vegetation component of a project designed to provide on-going monitoring of wetland salinity and biological resources in wetlands of the agricultural zone of south-west Western Australia. Maintenance of wetland biological diversity in the agricultural zone is one of the major objectives of the Salinity Action Plan. Due to their low position in the landscape, wetlands are the habitat most affected by salinisation...
The Distribution And Long-Term Change In Banksia Ilicifolia Communities On The Gnangara Mound, Ryan Gurner
The Distribution And Long-Term Change In Banksia Ilicifolia Communities On The Gnangara Mound, Ryan Gurner
Theses : Honours
The Gnangara Mound is a large shallow groundwater aquifer which occurs in the superficial formations bounded by the Swan River, Ellenbrook, Gingin Brook, Moore River and the Indian Ocean on the northern Swan Coastal Plain. To protect terrestrial vegetation on the Gnangara Mound. groundwater levels must be maintained to allow plants access to water which is required for their survival. In areas with a shallow depth to groundwater, studies have shown that groundwater drawdown (reduction of the water table by any processes or factors) has a high potential to impact on the vegetation (Havel. 1968: Aplin. 1976: Heddle. 1980a: Dodd …
The Soil Acarine Fauna Of Selected Agroecosystems Within The York Shire, Derek Juan Swarts
The Soil Acarine Fauna Of Selected Agroecosystems Within The York Shire, Derek Juan Swarts
Theses : Honours
The practice of broadacre, dryland farming is known to affect the physico-chemical structure of the soil but our knowledge or its impact on the biological structure is rudimentary. The soil acarine (mite) communities which inhabit these soils display a variety of responses to this agricultural practice. With the increasing focus on developing ecologically sustainable agricultural techniques, an understanding of the soil acari becomes increasingly important. This study investigated the impact of two agricultural practices (designated here us Conventional and Non-Conventional) upon the abundance and diversity of the soil acari. Conventional agricultural practice involved broad scale chemical application to weeds and …
The Birds And Habitat Of Kings Park, Bradley W. Cox
The Birds And Habitat Of Kings Park, Bradley W. Cox
Theses : Honours
Kings Park is a large urban park in the centre of Perth with extensive areas of semi-natural bushland. The park is an important refuge for birds in the metropolitan area but is losing species through habitat disturbance. Understanding the way in which birds are related to their habitat helps to understand the effect of habitat disturbance on the bird community. The aim of this project was to generate guidelines which will aid in the management and conservation of birds in the park, through an understanding of the relationship of the birds to their habitat. The avifauna and various habitat factors …
Carbon Sequestration Of Two Oil Mallee Species, Eucalyptus Loxophleba Subsp. Lissophloia And Eucalyptus. Kochii Subsp. Plenissima In The Semi-Arid Environment Of The Central Wheatbelt Of Western Australia, Andrew Phillip Mccarthy
Carbon Sequestration Of Two Oil Mallee Species, Eucalyptus Loxophleba Subsp. Lissophloia And Eucalyptus. Kochii Subsp. Plenissima In The Semi-Arid Environment Of The Central Wheatbelt Of Western Australia, Andrew Phillip Mccarthy
Theses : Honours
The planting of "Oil malices" have a number of implications in terms of environmental management within Western Australia. Firstly, the incorporation of perennial trees on a large scale into the agricultural landscape can assist in balancing the hydrological cycle and other land degradation problems (Bird et. al. 1992; Western Australian Salinity Action Plan, 1996). Secondly, harvesting the above-ground biomass can produce an economic return because of the oil contained within the leaves. This oil has the potential to replace ozone damaging solvents (Barton and Knight, J997; Wildy, 1996). Finally, "oil mallees" have the potential to offset greenhouse gas emissions, because …
Perceptions Of Seagrass Ecosystem Health And Potential Indicators For Monitoring, Nick Wood
Perceptions Of Seagrass Ecosystem Health And Potential Indicators For Monitoring, Nick Wood
Theses : Honours
A range of seagrass characteristics were assessed for potential use as indicators of ecosystem health. Shoot density, shoot width, maximum shoot length, above and below ground biomass, percentage canopy cover, leaf area index, leaf extension rate, meadow productivity, epiphyte biomass, epiphyte species richness, percentage of calcium carbonate in epiphytic material and percentage of nitrogen in leaf tissue were all measured in “healthy~ and unhealthy" Posidonia augustifolia meadows in Cockburn and Warnbro Sounds, from June through to August 1998. A questionnaire was used to determine which meadows researchers and managers in the seagrass ecology field in Perth perceived to be healthy …
Wetland Vegetation Monitoring, 1998 Survey: Gnangara Wetlands, N. E. Pettit, R. H. Froend
Wetland Vegetation Monitoring, 1998 Survey: Gnangara Wetlands, N. E. Pettit, R. H. Froend
Research outputs pre 2011
Water regimes, both groundwater and surface water components dil'ectly effect distribution, health and species composition of wetland fringing vegetation. In the area of the northern Swan Coastal Plain overlying the Gnangara groundwater mound, wetland water levels and therefore the vegetation can be intimately connected to underlying groundwater levels. The Water Corporation (formerly Water Authority of Western Australia) has been drawing water from the Gnangara mound for domestic water supply for a number of years. The main objective of this study is to monitor the changes in the vegetation fringing these wetlands and to determine if this is related to changes …
Salinity Action Plan : Wetland Vegetation Monitoring, 1997/1998, G. Ogden, R. H. Froend
Salinity Action Plan : Wetland Vegetation Monitoring, 1997/1998, G. Ogden, R. H. Froend
Research outputs pre 2011
This report represents the vegetation component of a project designed to provide on-going monitoring of wetland salinity and biological resources in wetlands of the agricultural zone of south-west Western Australia. Maintenance of wetland biological diversity in the agricultural zone is one of the major objectives of the Salinity Action Plan. Due to their low position in the landscape, wetlands are the habitat most affected by salinisation...
Coastal Zone Monitoring And Evaluation : A Descriptive Analysis Of Western Australian Practices, Michael F. Williams
Coastal Zone Monitoring And Evaluation : A Descriptive Analysis Of Western Australian Practices, Michael F. Williams
Theses : Honours
Currently there is no information available which documents the monitoring and evaluation practices undertaken in the coastal zone of Western Aust1alia by coastal zone managers. A review of current Australian-wide management practices in coastal management reveals that monitoring and evaluation are limited in their application. The adequacy of the links between coastal monitoring and evaluation, on which our understanding of the state of the coastal zone environment is based, is one of two central themes throughout this research. The other theme is that without an accurate, reliable and effectively managed monitoring and research information base, coastal management will be haphazard …
Fuel Characteristics Of Rehabilitated Bauxite Mines In Western Australia, Sarah J. Collins
Fuel Characteristics Of Rehabilitated Bauxite Mines In Western Australia, Sarah J. Collins
Theses : Honours
This investigation assessed the fuel characteristics of Alcoa of Australia's rehabilitated bauxite mines in the south-west of Western Australia. The study determined the fuel loads, their composition and structure. The characteristics of fuel were determined, their relationship with time ascertained, and the similarity of these characteristics to the jarrah forest ecosystems that they have replaced was discussed. Pits aged from four to twenty years since rehabilitation were assessed. Predictive models were developed to allow the rapid assessment of fuel. The fuel characteristics in two controlled bum areas were also assessed to how much fuel would burn in a fire and …
An Investigation Into The Use Of The Freshwater Crayfish Marron (Cherax Tenuimanus) As A Flagship For The Restoration Of The Blackwood River, Rachael Nickoll
An Investigation Into The Use Of The Freshwater Crayfish Marron (Cherax Tenuimanus) As A Flagship For The Restoration Of The Blackwood River, Rachael Nickoll
Theses : Honours
The Marron (Cherax tenuimanus) is arguably the most easily identified and ecologically important aquatic animal species in south-western Australian rivers. In fact it is quintessientially south-western Australian, endemic to the south-west corner of the continent and supporting a recreational fishery and commercial aquaculture industry within the state. Marron have keystone qualities as hosts of various epiphytic flora and fauna, and are central to the food web within south-west rivers. Their sensitivity to depleted oxygen conditions have also made them a potential "indicator" for water quality degradation. The study investigated these qualities in reference to the marron's potential as …
Introduced Cyprinid (Carp) Fishes In Western Australia And Their Management Implications, K. R. Breheny
Introduced Cyprinid (Carp) Fishes In Western Australia And Their Management Implications, K. R. Breheny
Theses : Honours
Australia has no native cyprinid species and five introduced species have established self-sustaining populations. This study examines the cyprinid species present in Western Australia and estimates their distribution. The potential for introduced cyprinids to cause environmental impacts is explained and ameliorative action recommended. The presence and distribution of cyprinid species is assessed by examination of museum records, published literature, reported collections, anecdotal evidence and sampling of wetland habitats. Two species, Carassius nuratus (Goldfish) and Cyprinus carpio (Koi carp) are believed to have established populations and a map of estimated distribution is compiled. The capacity for introduced carp to undergo sudden …
A Functional Group Approach To Detecting Shifts In Macroalgal Communities Along A Disturbance Gradient, J. C. Phillips
A Functional Group Approach To Detecting Shifts In Macroalgal Communities Along A Disturbance Gradient, J. C. Phillips
Theses : Honours
A recently proposed hypothesis argued that morphologically and functionally similar macroalgae could be grouped to study the structure of macroalgal communities. It was argued that these functional groups can be used to predict changes to community composition that result from disturbance. This study examined whether the functional group model held in detecting changes in macroalgal community structure within one bioregion, by applying it to a habitat exposed to different levels of physical disturbance associated with wave exposure. Results obtained using a functional group approach were compared to those obtained using a species level approach. Three parallel reef lines in Marmion …
Proline Concentration As An Indicator Of The Level Of Salt Tolerance, Philomena Y. Rosalie
Proline Concentration As An Indicator Of The Level Of Salt Tolerance, Philomena Y. Rosalie
Theses : Honours
Each year approximately 20 million hectares of land become affected by increasing salinity. Salt tolerant plants are being used to rehabilitate salt affected areas. Plants use a variety of mechanisms to adapt to salt in their environments. Glycophytes tolerate low to moderate levels of salt while halophytes can tolerate very high salt levels. Many basic physiological attributes have been suggested as important components of a salt tolerant phenotype. These include, influx and/or efflux of ions across plasma membrane and the tonoplast, modification of membrane composition and synthesis of compatible solutes such as soluble carbohydrates, glycine betaines and proline. The project …
Voluntary Environmental Disclosure By Australian Listed Mineral Mining Companies : An Application Of Stakeholder Theory, Y. B. Hutomo
Voluntary Environmental Disclosure By Australian Listed Mineral Mining Companies : An Application Of Stakeholder Theory, Y. B. Hutomo
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of voluntary environmental disclosure in relation to firm-specific characteristics of listed mineral mining firms within the stakeholder theory framework developed by Ullmann (1985). Three indices, word index, unweighted index and weighted index, were applied to measure the extent of total environmental disclosure and categories of total disclosure, which were environmental policy and strategy, public recognition of environmental activities, prevention or repair of environmental damage and environmental liabilities. A sample of 104 mineral firms was selected from the Australian Graduate . School of Management Annual Report Microfiche File for 1993. The• …
Application Of Time Series Models To Sets Of Environmental Data, Saarah Ahmed Farag
Application Of Time Series Models To Sets Of Environmental Data, Saarah Ahmed Farag
Theses : Honours
In environmental studies, many programs have been implemented for the purpose of examining the influence of factors on the natural environment from various sources. In the past, predictions have been obtained from a simple regression model of the data from these programs to aid in deciding whether an intervention is required in the program or policy. However, most environmental time series involve correlated dependent variables which makes it difficult to apply conventional regression analysis. This thesis compares the application of the class of transfer function models, where high correlation between dependent variables is allowed, to that of conventional regression analysis. …
The Near-Shore, Soft-Substrate Bivalves Of The Swan Estuary: An Assessment Of Their Use As Biological Indicators, Graham Bailey
The Near-Shore, Soft-Substrate Bivalves Of The Swan Estuary: An Assessment Of Their Use As Biological Indicators, Graham Bailey
Theses : Honours
The soft-substrate bivalves of the Swan Estuary were evaluated for their suitability as biological indicators. The major requirement of a biological indicator is that a response to changing conditions can be shown. Demonstrating that bivalve community and populations respond to changing environmental conditions within The Estuary would fulfill this criteria. To make this assessment the study conducted a quantitative sampling program which established the current structure of the near-shore soft-substrate bivalve community and this was compared with the community established in 1973-74. To evaluate the predictive potential of bivalve structure as an indicator, major environmental conditions in the Estuary were …
Seasonal Water Regimes And Leaf Litter Processing In A Wetland On The Swan Coastal Plain, Darren Ryder
Seasonal Water Regimes And Leaf Litter Processing In A Wetland On The Swan Coastal Plain, Darren Ryder
Theses : Honours
The effect of seasonal or permanent inundation on the processing of leaf litter from two competing emergent macrophytes Baumea articulata and Typha orientalis was examined at Lake Jandabup, a seasonal wetland on the Swan Coastal Plain. The loss of organic matter from leaf packs was used to quantify leaf litter processing. The contributions made by microorganisms and macroinvertebrates in processing were also assessed. Leaf packs exposed to seasonal inundation (defined as those areas exposed to alternate wetting and drying) had significantly higher losses of organic matter after six months than those permanently inundated for the same period. The presence of …
Lake Level Changes Within The Yellagonga Regional Park: A Historic Perspective, Jennifer A. Hamann
Lake Level Changes Within The Yellagonga Regional Park: A Historic Perspective, Jennifer A. Hamann
Theses : Honours
The Yellagonga Regional Park is located approximately 20 km north of Perth and 6km east of the coast, in the City of Wanneroo. The park is comprised of Lake Joondalup, Beenyup Swamp, Wallubuenup Swamp and Lake Goollelal, a largely directly-linked wetland system and their surrounds. The importance of wetlands within the Perth Metropolitan area is widely documented with only 20% of the pre-European settlement wetlands remaining. (Godfrey, 1988; Davis, 1988) By comparison wetlands in the Yellagonga Regional Park are relatively natural in their state. (LeProvost, 1987) The park is of significance due to its conservation value, providing a varied array …