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Articles 1801 - 1830 of 2924

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection

Closing Remarks, James E. Miller Oct 1987

Closing Remarks, James E. Miller

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The need for professionalism in wildlife damage prevention and control is more important today than ever before. It will be even more important in the future as we are faced with increasing interaction between people and their interests which includes many different perceptions about wildlife. Wildlife professionals must change their philosophy regarding communication with the public about both the positive and negative impacts of wildlife. We can no longer afford the luxury, if indeed we ever could, of avoiding people and their perceptions about wildlife. We must provide scientific, biologically and ecologically sound information in a form which the public …

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Coyotes In The Eastern Us: Status And Implications
--Damage Problems And Economic Losses From Coyotes In The Northeastern U.S.—, Dennis L. Slate Oct 1987

Coyotes In The Eastern Us: Status And Implications --Damage Problems And Economic Losses From Coyotes In The Northeastern U.S.—, Dennis L. Slate

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

(Canis latrans) have historically been a matter of concern to ranchers and Animal Damage Control personnel in the western US. With range expansion of the coyote into the eastern US, coyote depredations on domestic stock and fowl appears to be emerging as an issue that will deserve to be more fully addressed by researchers, policy makers and management personnel in this region of the US. This portion of the panel presentation will review and discuss damage problems and losses from coyotes in the northern states of the Eastern Animal Damage Control (ADC) Region.

Information for this presentation was …

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Control Of Ring-Billed Gull Colonies At Urban And Industrial Sites In Southern Ontario, Canada, H. Blokpoel, G.D. Tessier Oct 1987

Control Of Ring-Billed Gull Colonies At Urban And Industrial Sites In Southern Ontario, Canada, H. Blokpoel, G.D. Tessier

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

At eight urban or industrial sites in southern Ontario colonies of Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis) were controlled to ameliorate problems caused by the adults and their young. At the Nanticoke Generating Station on Lake Erie a growing colony was eliminated by collecting eggs and subsequent harassment of adults. One colony at the Stelco Yards in Hamilton Harbor was eliminated by installing a gull exclosure and collecting eggs from nests outside the exclosure and another was controlled by frequently destroying nests and eggs. At Toronto Island Airport an incipient colony was controlled by collecting eggs and harassing adults. At …

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State/Federal/Private Cooperative Program Relationships In Wildlife Damage Control, Rene M. Bollengier Jr. Oct 1987

State/Federal/Private Cooperative Program Relationships In Wildlife Damage Control, Rene M. Bollengier Jr.

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

On December 19, 1985, Congress transferred the Animal Damage Control (ADC).program from Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), Department of the Interior, to Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The transfer of personnel and equipment was officially completed on April 1, 1986. The transfer brought to USDA personnel with hundreds of years of collective animal damage control experience in agricultural and non-agricultural types of man/wildlife conflicts.

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The Critter Control Concept Approaches Of A Firm Specializing In Nuisance Wildlife Control, Lynn Braband, Kevin Clark Oct 1987

The Critter Control Concept Approaches Of A Firm Specializing In Nuisance Wildlife Control, Lynn Braband, Kevin Clark

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The private sector has been involved in certain aspects of nuisance wildlife control for some time. Examples include commensal rodent control by pest control companies, capture of nuisance furbearers by trappers, and repair of structural damage by carpenters. Social trends, such as increased urbanization, increased population of certain wildlife species, and decreased government funding have combined to provide increased opportunity and need for the private sector in nuisance wildlife control.

Critter Control, Inc. has sought to bring an integrated and specialized approach to nuisance wildlife control. Our general approach includes consultation on the nature of the nuisance situation, removal of …

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Frogs Captured In Green Bean Harvest:Analysis Of A Pest Problem, Donald F. Caccamise Oct 1987

Frogs Captured In Green Bean Harvest:Analysis Of A Pest Problem, Donald F. Caccamise

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

In southern New Jersey a new agricultural pest problem has seriously impacted production of green beans for plant processing. Newly acquired harvesters inadvertently capture frogs, which are difficult and expensive to remove from harvested beans. Goals of this project were to (1) define the biological properties of the pest problem, and (2) identify biologically sound and effective methods to manage the problem.

Fowler's toad (Bufo woodhousei fowleri) was the most numerous (82%) of 9 species sorted from harvested beans, and it was also the most common in field censuses (76%). Density estimates based on field censuses were higher …

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Status Of The Coyote In The Northeastern United States, Robert E. Chambers Oct 1987

Status Of The Coyote In The Northeastern United States, Robert E. Chambers

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

This report represents a summary of information derived from responses to mail questionnaires from the state wildlife agencies in 16 northern states extending from Maine to Minnesota with minor modifications by the author where experience deemed it feasible.

Coyotes-historically present in prairie regions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana and Michigan- have extended their range eastward to the Atlantic Ocean and are now present throughout most of the northeastern states with the exception of Delaware and the major metropolitan areas of Philadelphia and New York City. Of the eastern states only New York has suggested that their population may have arisen …

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Public Tolerance Of Deer In A Suburban Environment: Implications For Management And Control, Nancy A. Connelly, Daniel J. Decker, Sam Wear Oct 1987

Public Tolerance Of Deer In A Suburban Environment: Implications For Management And Control, Nancy A. Connelly, Daniel J. Decker, Sam Wear

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

A mail survey of residents in suburban northern Westchester County, New York was conducted to determine the nature and extent of deer damage in the county, the importance of deer damage relative to other deer-human interactions, and residents' perceptions of costs and benefits associated with the deer herd. The estimated cost of damage to plantings was quite high, $6.4 million to $9.5 million (depending on the type of assumptions concerning non-respondents). Most respondents used some form of deer damage control (estimated to cost $1.2 to $1.8 million/year), but few people reported their problems to officials. Although these costs were high, …

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The Problem Of Planting Louisiana Swamplands When Nutria(Myocastqr Coypu) Are Present, W.H. Conner, J.R. Toliver Oct 1987

The Problem Of Planting Louisiana Swamplands When Nutria(Myocastqr Coypu) Are Present, W.H. Conner, J.R. Toliver

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

Logging of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) in the swamps of the southeastern United States is once again becoming common and an area of particular concern in Louisiana is the regeneration of cypress in its natural environment. One way to ensure the proper stocking of cypress is to plant seedlings, but nutria usually damage or destroy newly planted seedlings and are a deterrent to cypress regeneration in flooded areas. In 1985 cypress seedlings were planted in a flooded logged area and in an area where flooding was preventing the establishment of natural seedlings. Nutria destroyed 86% of the seedlings in …

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Management Of Suburban Deer: An Emerging Controversy, Daniel J. Decker Oct 1987

Management Of Suburban Deer: An Emerging Controversy, Daniel J. Decker

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

During the last 10 years the presence of deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in suburban areas has become an increasing concern from the standpoint of damage and nuisance problems. It is unclear whether (a) overall deer numbers in suburban environments have increased (possibly because of residential development in "natural" settings and creation of food sources represented by residents' ornamental plantings and vegetable gardens), (b) more development in suburban areas has forced deer into adjacent remaining patches of suitable habitat, resulting in increased deer densities in certain localities, or (c) some combination of both. Regardless of the factors perpetrating the situation, …

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Categorization And Seasonal Periodicity Of Terrestrial Vertebrate Pest Control Inquiries In Virginiav, Harry J. Dutton, Jefferson L. Waldon, Peter L. Bromley Oct 1987

Categorization And Seasonal Periodicity Of Terrestrial Vertebrate Pest Control Inquiries In Virginiav, Harry J. Dutton, Jefferson L. Waldon, Peter L. Bromley

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

Information requests for species-specific preventive and control measures directed to the state's extension wildlife specialist were recorded by species or species group, month, day, and year, and by type of human group inquiring. Skunks (15.5%), snakes (14.7%), and bats (10.9%) were inquired about most often. Homeowners (67.4%) were the most frequent inquirers. Summer (43.5%) and spring (29.0%) were the seasons when most information requests occurred. Woodpeckers (16.0%) were the most frequently reported species in the spring. In the summer, the most frequently requested information was about bats (20.2%). Snakes (29.7%) were the most frequently reported species in the fall. Over …

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The Bird Strike Hazard (Bash) Program, Capt. Edgardo R. Farrraro, Capt. Russell P. Defusco Oct 1987

The Bird Strike Hazard (Bash) Program, Capt. Edgardo R. Farrraro, Capt. Russell P. Defusco

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The hazards birds pose to aircraft has been of concern to the Air Force for more than 20 years. After losing several aircraft due to bird strikes in the early 1960's, the Air Force formed a team to evaluate bird hazards to Air Force aircraft. The team, from the Air Force Weapons Laboratory (AFWL) at Kirtland AFB NM, handed over this mission to the Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Team at HQ Air Force Engineering and Services Center (AFESC) at Tyndall AFB in 1975. In 1986 (October) the BASH team moved to Boiling AFB, Washington DC.

The Air Force sustains …

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Frontmatter And Contents Oct 1987

Frontmatter And Contents

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD EASTERN WILDLIFE DAMAGE CONTROL CONFERENCE

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Temporal Use Patterns Of Wintering Starlings At A Southeastern Livestock Farm: Implications For Damage Control, J.F. Glahn, S.K. Timbrook, D.J. Twedt Oct 1987

Temporal Use Patterns Of Wintering Starlings At A Southeastern Livestock Farm: Implications For Damage Control, J.F. Glahn, S.K. Timbrook, D.J. Twedt

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The farm use patterns of individually marked and transmitter-equipped starlings at a livestock farm in south-central Kentucky were studied each month during the principal damage period (December-February) of 1982-83 and 1984-85 following a pilot study in January and February of 1980. In addition to intensive observation at the farm, sightings of tagged starlings away from the farm were solicited from the public and mapped. For each year of data on individual starlings that used the farm at least once after marking, the expected frequencies of farm occurrence were calculated and compared to observed frequencies. In all 3 years, there was …

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Urban Gray Squirrel Damage And Population Management: A Case History, J. Hadidian, D. Manski, V. Flyger, C. Cox, G. Hodge Oct 1987

Urban Gray Squirrel Damage And Population Management: A Case History, J. Hadidian, D. Manski, V. Flyger, C. Cox, G. Hodge

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

Lafayette Park, a 3.0 hectare national park located across the street from the White House in Washington D.C., has had a gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) density as high as 50 animals/hectare. In recent years this large population caused significant damage to mature trees and other vegetation. In keeping with the legislative mandate to protect and preserve the historic landscape in Lafayette Park, the National Park Service implemented a squirrel management program following an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach. The population was studied and monitored to determine the ecological bases for high squirrel numbers. Action was taken through a …

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Fox Squirrels Cause Power Outages: An Urban Wildlife Problem, J.C. Hamilton, R. J. Johnson, R. M. Case, M. W. Riley, W. W. Stroup Oct 1987

Fox Squirrels Cause Power Outages: An Urban Wildlife Problem, J.C. Hamilton, R. J. Johnson, R. M. Case, M. W. Riley, W. W. Stroup

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

In urban areas, power outages are caused each year by fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) that use electrical power equipment as travel lanes, rest sites, or for other activities. When a squirrel crosses a live bare wire on a transformer, the result is a blown fuse and electrocution of the squirrel. Power company outage reports were examined to determine when and where squirrel-caused outages occurred. Sixteen field sites in Lincoln were selected for study. Eight sites encircled transformers with ≥4 squirrel-caused outages, 1980-1985, and eight were adjacent control sites with no such outages. Squirrel behavior in relation to power …

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Distribution And Impact Of Canada Goose Crop Damage In East-Central Wisconsin, James Heinrich, Scott Craven Oct 1987

Distribution And Impact Of Canada Goose Crop Damage In East-Central Wisconsin, James Heinrich, Scott Craven

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The steady increase in the numbers of Canada geese on or near Horicon National Wildlife Refuge since its establishment in the early 1940s has resulted in many opportunities, and a few difficult problems. The problem of crop depredations has plagued the Horicon area since the mid-1960s. Each increase in goose numbers has brought with it renewed farmer concern, and each incident has resulted in some change in goose management direction. Increasing problems, more geese, lower harvest quotas, and the new Wisconsin Wildlife Damage Program combined to encourage the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) to take a comprehensive look at …

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Catch Effectiveness And Selectivity Of Several Traps, Edward P. Hill Oct 1987

Catch Effectiveness And Selectivity Of Several Traps, Edward P. Hill

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The effectiveness and selectivity of several traps and trap Modifications were field-evaluated and compared in Alabama from 1977 to 19B0. No. 220 Conibear traps placed in baited open-end boxes (TB) on the ground posed a hazard to dogs and were not recommended for general use in terrestrial sets. They may be effective to control feral dogs in special situations or areas. TB devices attached to tree trunks 1 m above the ground eliminated the hazard to dogs, but rendered the trap ineffective for taking small mammals.

No. 220 Conibear traps with selective position treadle triggers placed in trail water-sets were …

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Status Of The Coyote In The Southeastern United States, Edward P. Hill Oct 1987

Status Of The Coyote In The Southeastern United States, Edward P. Hill

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The range of the coyote (Canis latrans) in the southeastern United States, particularly east of the Mississippi River, has recently expanded. Although populations were present in Arkansas and Louisiana in the 1960s, only isolated individuals were known to exist east of the river before 1975. In addition to Arkansas and Louisiana, the present range includes Mississippi and Alabama, the western three fourths of Kentucky and Tennessee, Northwestern Florida, south-central and northwest Georgia and scattered portions of Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North and South Carolina, and Peninsular Florida. Recent literature indicates that several releases have influenced the rate of …

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Great-Tailed Grackle Predation On South Texas Citrus (Identifying A Unique Problem), John Hobbs, Fred G. Leon Iii Oct 1987

Great-Tailed Grackle Predation On South Texas Citrus (Identifying A Unique Problem), John Hobbs, Fred G. Leon Iii

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

The December 1983 freeze inflicted tremendous damage to the South Texas groves and reduced tree by approximately fifty Additionally, it is believed that Great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus) populations increased over the past few years. With decreased citrus acreage and increased grackle numbers, the severe negative effects are economically significant to the Texas citrus industry.

Grackle damage to grapefruit and oranges differs in type and economic importance. The first is "cosmetic" in nature, small pecks or scratches on the fruit skin, and downgrades the fruit, reducing its value. The second is actual crop loss due to consumption of fruit …

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An Evaluation Of Controlled Hunting For Management Of Feral Pigeons, Michael D. Hoy, Albert E. Bivings Oct 1987

An Evaluation Of Controlled Hunting For Management Of Feral Pigeons, Michael D. Hoy, Albert E. Bivings

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

Pigeons (Columba livia) are a problem for municipal governments throughout most of the eastern United States. Toxicants, sterilants, trapping, and shooting are the principal control techniques. Due to a general public aversion to toxicants and to monetary constraints, a pigeon control program which utilized periodic hunting pressure was initiated in Stuttgart, Arkansas County, Arkansas. Guidelines for organization of controlled hunts are presented along with pigeon harvest rates and population trends. The city government and interested citizens consider the program to be successful and cost effective.

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Home Range Responses Of White-Tailed Deer To Crop-Protection Fences, S.E. Hygnstrom, S.R. Craven Oct 1987

Home Range Responses Of White-Tailed Deer To Crop-Protection Fences, S.E. Hygnstrom, S.R. Craven

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

We studied the home ranges and activity patterns of 24 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in southwestern Wisconsin via radio-telemetry and visual observation to determine their response to single-strand electric crop-protection fences. Deer were allowed to establish feeding patterns in alfalfa fields during the spring green-up periods of 1986 and 1987. In mid-April of each year, 7 fences were constructed around selected 7-25 ha alfalfa fields to exclude deer from varying portions of their home ranges. No fences were constructed around alfalfa fields in one area. Fences were built around 50 and 100% of the alfalfa in 2 other areas. Deer …

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Wildlife Damage To Agriculture In Nebraska: A Preliminary Cost Assessment, R. J. Johnson, R. M. Timm Oct 1987

Wildlife Damage To Agriculture In Nebraska: A Preliminary Cost Assessment, R. J. Johnson, R. M. Timm

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

We estimate the annual financial losses resulting from wildlife damage to major crops and livestock in Nebraska. For each wildlife species, the damage problem is presented along with a description of how the estimate was made. Field crop estimates include losses from Plains pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius), commensal rodents (Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus), field rodents in grain fields (e.g. Peromyscus maniculatus, Dipodomys ordi, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus), house sparrows (Passer domesticus), blackbirds (e.g. Agelaius phoeniceus and Quiscalus quiscula), lagomorphs (Sylvilaqus floridanus, Lepus californicus, and L. townsendii), deer …

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Coyote Damage In The Southeastern United States, Edwin J. Jones Oct 1987

Coyote Damage In The Southeastern United States, Edwin J. Jones

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

County agricultural agents in all 82 counties of Mississippi and Extension Wildlife Specialists in the other 10 southeastern states were asked to respond to a short questionnaire on coyote damage in their respective county or state. The questionnaire requested the respondents to: 1) indicate if the number of coyote reports have increased, decreased, or remained stable over the last 5 years, 2) indicate the number of reports they were aware of in the last year, 3) report the type of damage and the associated economic loss, 4) estimate the economic loss over the last 5 years, and 5) provide any …

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Taxonomic Status Of Wild Canids In The Southeastern United States, Michael L. Kennedy Oct 1987

Taxonomic Status Of Wild Canids In The Southeastern United States, Michael L. Kennedy

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

In the last 20 years (especially during the last decade), reports of coyote-like wild canids have increased steadily in the southeastern United States. These canids have apparently become well established in many parts of the Southeast. Taxonomically, the coyote-like animal could represent coyote (Canis latrans), red wolf (C. rufus), gray wolf (C. lupus), domestic dog (C. familaris), or hybrids of these taxa. There has been wide speculation (especially among the general public) in some areas as to the taxonomic status of wild canids. General references to wild "coy-dogs" (coyote x domestic dog …

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Drc-6749--An Avian Wetting Agent Of Low Aquatic Toxicity, P.W. Lefebvre, T.D. Bills, A.R. Stickley Jr., R.E. Matteson, L.L. Marking Oct 1987

Drc-6749--An Avian Wetting Agent Of Low Aquatic Toxicity, P.W. Lefebvre, T.D. Bills, A.R. Stickley Jr., R.E. Matteson, L.L. Marking

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

PA-14, the compound presently registered for lethal control of blackbirds and starlings at roosts, is labelled for use only at upland sites. Research was undertaken to identify another wetting agent which might be registered for use at aquatic sites. Of 90 samples received from suppliers, 60 were evaluated for wetting ability in a standard laboratory test. Of these, 10 were chosen for test against an aquatic indicator animal, Daphnia. One of the 10, DRC-6749, a block copolymer, was found significantly low in toxicity, and underwent further aquatic testing against 6 fish and 1 mussel species. Under standard test conditions, no …

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Use Of Soybean Fields In Eastern Virginia By White-Tailed Deer, Linda A. Lyon, Patrick F. Scanlon Oct 1987

Use Of Soybean Fields In Eastern Virginia By White-Tailed Deer, Linda A. Lyon, Patrick F. Scanlon

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) use of soybean fields in Virginia was observed during the 1983 and 1984 growing seasons. Total deer observed and deer seen per observer-hour were both greater in 1983 (199 and 2.1, respectively) than in 1984 (122 and 1.8, respectively). The number of deer seen per observer-hour was related to crop phenology; it was highest during the early vegetative stages and decreased when the soybean plants entered reproductive growth stages. Most (90%) deer were sighted within 50 m of edge cover. In both years, the number of adult does seen was about 3 times the …

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A State-Administered User-Pay Program For Nuisance Wildlife Control, Dale W. May Oct 1987

A State-Administered User-Pay Program For Nuisance Wildlife Control, Dale W. May

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

In recent years Connecticut, like many other northeastern states, has experienced dramatic suburban encroachment into woodland and farmland areas. The expansion of human population and the accompanying habitat alteration have resulted in a substantial increase in the frequency of wildlife/human conflicts. The Department of Environmental Protection's Wildlife Bureau, mandated to respond to the needs of the people as well as the wildlife of Connecticut, is the state agency given the responsibility of controlling nuisance wildlife problems. Although the Wildlife Bureau provides free technical assistance and educational material, in many cases landowners are either unwilling or unable to resolve nuisance wildlife …

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Characteristics Of Predation And Losses In The New York Sheep Industry, Jay B. Mcaninch, Michael G. Fargione Oct 1987

Characteristics Of Predation And Losses In The New York Sheep Industry, Jay B. Mcaninch, Michael G. Fargione

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

A questionnaire survey was used in 1985 to obtain data on predation and losses from New York sheep growers. Surveys were returned by 685 growers which was a 40% return rate. The average grower managed 160 acres, including 24 acres of pasture, kept 106 sheep and received 12% of the total family income from sheep farming. Sheep predation occurred on 44% of the farms and dogs were considered the most harmful predator by 88% of the growers with losses. Growers with sheep losses had significantly larger flocks, more acreage in pasture, larger farms and depended more heavily on sheep farming …

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Research Needs In Education And Research Institutions, Jay B. Mcaninch Oct 1987

Research Needs In Education And Research Institutions, Jay B. Mcaninch

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 3rd (1987)

Research to support wildlife management programs has traditionally been conducted by scientists in education and research institutions. Much of this work has resulted from state and federal agency program needs or has been funded by state or federal agencies upon solicitation from scientists at these institutions. Regardless of the origin of the research, these institutions have primarily provided the investigators and staff for conducting research on animal damage problems. The priorities, duration and depth of the efforts have been dependent upon the commitment to damage control research by the investigator and the quality of funding support.

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