Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Oceanography (6)
- Engineering (4)
- Hydrothermal (2)
- Lower mantle (2)
- Volcanic activity (2)
-
- Volcanic eruptions (2)
- Volcanoes (2)
- AOD (1)
- Antarctic sulfate aerosols (1)
- Argo (1)
- Black smoker (1)
- Causal discovery (1)
- Chemistry (1)
- Climate (1)
- Climate models (1)
- Clusters (1)
- Cooling (1)
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Engineering (1)
- Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences (1)
- EBSD (1)
- Earth science (1)
- Formations (Geology) (1)
- Gas emission (1)
- Geochemistry (1)
- Geology (1)
- Gravity anomalies (1)
- Gravity waves (1)
- Great circles (1)
- Hotspot (1)
- IODP (1)
- Publication Year
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Volcanology
Testing The Limits Of Provenance Analysis From Basaltic Fluvial Sediment Near Sandvatn, Iceland, As A Mars Analog, Audrey R. Putnam, Kirsten L. Siebach, Michael T. Thorpe, Valerie M. Tu, Elizabeth B. Rampe, Candice C. Bedford, Gelu Costin, Joseph J. Tamborski
Testing The Limits Of Provenance Analysis From Basaltic Fluvial Sediment Near Sandvatn, Iceland, As A Mars Analog, Audrey R. Putnam, Kirsten L. Siebach, Michael T. Thorpe, Valerie M. Tu, Elizabeth B. Rampe, Candice C. Bedford, Gelu Costin, Joseph J. Tamborski
OES Faculty Publications
Detrital sediments that accumulate downstream and are preserved in sedimentary rocks can allow characterization of geologic formations that are inaccessible for spatial or temporal reasons. However, mixing, sorting, and alteration of sediment during transport may complicate reconstruction of protolith characteristics. We test the preservation of three key provenance signals in coarse fluvial sand at a Mars analog watershed in Iceland to determine whether detrital sediments capture (a) watershed magmatic chemical variation, (b) textural indicators of lava-water interaction during eruption and cooling, and (c) hydrothermal alteration. Specifically, we tested whether diagnostic variations in rock mineralogy, chemistry, and texture can be recovered …
The Effects Of A Microplate On Plume-Ridge Interactions: Constraints From Comparing Easter And Juan Fernandez Microplates In The Eastern Pacific Ocean, Katherine Ames, Jennifer Georgen
The Effects Of A Microplate On Plume-Ridge Interactions: Constraints From Comparing Easter And Juan Fernandez Microplates In The Eastern Pacific Ocean, Katherine Ames, Jennifer Georgen
OES Faculty Publications
This study investigates the nature of plume-ridge interactions near a tectonic microplate using mantle Bouguer anomaly (MBA) gravity calculations. The focus of this investigation is a comparison of the Easter and Juan Fernandez microplates, which are located in the eastern Pacific Ocean along the Pacific, Nazca, and Antarctic plate boundaries. The microplates have several similar characteristics, including general size, time of formation, and clockwise rotation within the larger bounding mid-ocean ridge systems. Unlike the Juan Fernandez microplate, however, the Easter microplate is located near a mantle plume (Easter/Salas y Gomez). Previously published geochemical data suggest that material from this plume …
Seeking Structure In Complex Systems: From Feature Analysis To Space-Time Causal Discovery With Earth Science Applications, Jeffrey J. Nichol
Seeking Structure In Complex Systems: From Feature Analysis To Space-Time Causal Discovery With Earth Science Applications, Jeffrey J. Nichol
Computer Science ETDs
Complex systems are difficult to study because of their many interacting parts, emergent phenomena, and feedback loops. These systems underpin all life on Earth. We need improved tools for seeking an understanding of them. This body of research presents my investigations into data-driven methods for understanding complex systems, including my invention of a novel causal discovery meta-algorithm for space-time gridded data. I demonstrated machine learning feature importance and causal discovery capabilities for comparing simulated and observed climate data. I developed a new benchmark for modeling space-time dynamics of locally driven phenomena and examined a prominent causal discovery algorithm. Finding that …
Large-Scale Groundwater System Characterization Using Pressure Responses To Barometric Perturbations Caused By The 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption, Anhua He, Yang Liu, Fan Zhang, Huamei Zhang, Ramesh P. Singh, Yanzhang Wang
Large-Scale Groundwater System Characterization Using Pressure Responses To Barometric Perturbations Caused By The 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption, Anhua He, Yang Liu, Fan Zhang, Huamei Zhang, Ramesh P. Singh, Yanzhang Wang
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcanic erupted on 15 January 2022, causing Lamb waves to propagate throughout the global troposphere. However, reports on volcanic eruptions–pressure fluctuations and water level dynamics are lacking. We quantified the propagation processes of Lamb waves induced by the Tonga volcanic eruption. Barometric pressure data collected at 1-min intervals at 485 meteorological stations in China showed that the eruption induced an atmospheric pressure event with an amplitude of ∼2 hPa over an hour and a wave speed of 295 m/s. Concomitant groundwater levels were available at 338 wells to find the barometric response to the volcanic event. The …
Extreme Horizontal Wind Perturbations In The Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere Over South America Associated With The 2022 Hunga Eruption, Facundo L. Poblet, Jorge L. Chau, J. Federico Conte, Juha Vierinen, Jose Suclupe, Alan Liu, Rodolfo R. Rodriguez
Extreme Horizontal Wind Perturbations In The Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere Over South America Associated With The 2022 Hunga Eruption, Facundo L. Poblet, Jorge L. Chau, J. Federico Conte, Juha Vierinen, Jose Suclupe, Alan Liu, Rodolfo R. Rodriguez
Publications
On 15 January 2022, the Hunga volcano produced a massive explosion that generated perturbations in the entire atmosphere. Nonetheless, signatures in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) have been challenging to identify. We report MLT horizontal wind perturbations using three multistatic specular meteor radars on the west side of South America (spanning more than 3,000 km). The most notorious signal is an exceptional solitary wave with a large vertical wavelength observed around 18 UT at all three sites, with an amplitude of ∼50 m/s mainly in the westward direction. Using a customized analysis, the wave is characterized as traveling at …
Identifying Gravity Waves Launched By The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’Apai Volcanic Eruption In Mesosphere/Lower-Thermosphere Winds Derived From Condor And The Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster, Gunter Stober, Alan Liu, Alexander Kozlovsky, Zishun Qiao, Witali Krochin, Guochun Shi, Johan Kero, Et Al.
Identifying Gravity Waves Launched By The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’Apai Volcanic Eruption In Mesosphere/Lower-Thermosphere Winds Derived From Condor And The Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster, Gunter Stober, Alan Liu, Alexander Kozlovsky, Zishun Qiao, Witali Krochin, Guochun Shi, Johan Kero, Et Al.
Publications
The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai volcano eruption was a unique event that caused many atmospheric phenomena around the globe. In this study, we investigate the atmospheric gravity waves in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) launched by the volcanic explosion in the Pacific, leveraging multistatic meteor radar observations from the Chilean Observation Network De Meteor Radars (CONDOR) and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster in Fennoscandia. MLT winds are computed using a recently developed 3DVAR+DIV algorithm. We found eastward- and westward-traveling gravity waves in the CONDOR zonal and meridional wind measurements, which arrived 12 and 48 h after the eruption, and we found one …
Hydrological Patterns Of The Chimborazo Reserve: Streamflow, Climate, And Glacier Recession Data Show A Loss Of Glacial Influence On The Southwestern Aspect Of The Chimborazo Volcano, Ecuador., William F. M. Patrick
Hydrological Patterns Of The Chimborazo Reserve: Streamflow, Climate, And Glacier Recession Data Show A Loss Of Glacial Influence On The Southwestern Aspect Of The Chimborazo Volcano, Ecuador., William F. M. Patrick
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The Chimborazo volcano of the central Ecuadorian Andean Cordillera (6310 m) has been shown to currently be undergoing extreme glacial recession due to climate change. For this reason, this study sought to analyze climate and glacier recession data in conjunction with streamflow from kryal (glacial-fed), rhithral (non-glacial-fed), and intermediate streams to not only evaluate the current health of Chimborazo’s glaciers, but also determine how hydrology in the region will respond to future climate change. The rate of glacial recession on the volcano was determined using satellite imagery between 1965 and 2019. Measurements of stream elevation, pH, water temperature, width, depth, …
The Significance Of A New 11,000-Year Volcanic Record From The South Pole And Inferences From Comparisons With Other Volcanic Records, Derek Lee Brandis
The Significance Of A New 11,000-Year Volcanic Record From The South Pole And Inferences From Comparisons With Other Volcanic Records, Derek Lee Brandis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Snow accumulation at the polar regions of the planet preserves chemical substances from the atmosphere creating natural archives. Records of the atmospheric environment including atmospheric chemical composition and the climate can be reconstructed from ice cores from the polar ice sheets. Sulfur emitted by explosive volcanic eruptions is preserved as sulfate in polar snow and can be used to reconstruct the record of volcanic eruptions. Since large volcanic eruptions impact the environment and climate, records of volcanic eruptions from ice cores can help us to study and understand climate change and model the future climate environment. A 1750-m ice core …
Climate Change Effects On Volcanoes In The Tropics: A Review Of The Deglaciation Of Antisana And Its Effects On Subsequent Water Streams And Rivers Over 20 Years, Callie C. Rominger
Climate Change Effects On Volcanoes In The Tropics: A Review Of The Deglaciation Of Antisana And Its Effects On Subsequent Water Streams And Rivers Over 20 Years, Callie C. Rominger
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Located in the Northern end of Ecuador lies the stunning glacier of Antisana which attracts many tourists and whose runoff provides a significant amount of water supply for Quito. Climate change is posing threats to many ecosystems world wide but will have a more substantial impact on the volcanoes in the tropics because they do not have a seasonally altered climate. Small changes in the air temperature can have larger impacts on these areas that are adapted to constant temperatures with seasonal precipitation changes. Climate change, in recent years, had caused an increase in the glacial retreat of the Antisana …
Changes In Atmospheric, Meteorological, And Ocean Parameters Associated With The 12 January 2020 Taal Volcanic Eruption, Feng Jing, Akshansa Chauhan, Ramesh P. Singh, Prasanjit Dash
Changes In Atmospheric, Meteorological, And Ocean Parameters Associated With The 12 January 2020 Taal Volcanic Eruption, Feng Jing, Akshansa Chauhan, Ramesh P. Singh, Prasanjit Dash
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
The Taal volcano erupted on 12 January 2020, the first time since 1977. About 35 mild earthquakes (magnitude greater than 4.0) were observed on 12 January 2020 induced from the eruption. In the present paper, we analyzed optical properties of volcanic aerosols, volcanic gas emission, ocean parameters using multi-satellite sensors, namely, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder), OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument), TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) and ground observations, namely, Argo, and AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) data. Our detailed analysis shows pronounced changes in all the parameters, which mainly occurred in the western and south-western regions because the …
Hydrothermal Activity And Seismicity At Teahitia Seamount: Reactivation Of The Society Islands Hotspot?, Christopher R. German, Joseph A. Resing, Guangyu Xu, Isobel A. Yeo, Sharon L. Walker, Colin W. Devey, James W. Moffett, Gregory A. Cutter, Olivier Hyvernaud, Dominique Reymond
Hydrothermal Activity And Seismicity At Teahitia Seamount: Reactivation Of The Society Islands Hotspot?, Christopher R. German, Joseph A. Resing, Guangyu Xu, Isobel A. Yeo, Sharon L. Walker, Colin W. Devey, James W. Moffett, Gregory A. Cutter, Olivier Hyvernaud, Dominique Reymond
OES Faculty Publications
Along mid-ocean ridges, submarine venting has been found at all spreading rates and in every ocean basin. By contrast, intraplate hydrothermal activity has only been reported from five locations, worldwide. Here we extend the time series at one of those sites, Teahitia Seamount, which was first shown to be hydrothermally active in 1983 but had not been revisited since 1999. Previously, submersible investigations had led to the discovery of low-temperature (≤30°C) venting associated with the summit of Teahitia Seamount at ≤1500 m. In December 2013 we returned to the same site at the culmination of the US GEOTRACES Eastern South …
Tropospheric And Ionospheric Anomalies Induced By Volcanic And Saharan Dust Events As Part Of Geosphere Interaction Phenomena, Valerio Tramutoli, Francesco Marchese, Alfredo Falconieri, Carolina Filizzola, Nicola Genzano, Katsumi Hattori, Mariano Lisi, Jann-Yenq Liu, Dimitar Ouzounov, Michel Parrot, Nicola Pergola, Sergey Pulinets
Tropospheric And Ionospheric Anomalies Induced By Volcanic And Saharan Dust Events As Part Of Geosphere Interaction Phenomena, Valerio Tramutoli, Francesco Marchese, Alfredo Falconieri, Carolina Filizzola, Nicola Genzano, Katsumi Hattori, Mariano Lisi, Jann-Yenq Liu, Dimitar Ouzounov, Michel Parrot, Nicola Pergola, Sergey Pulinets
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
In this work, we assessed the possible relation of ionospheric perturbations observed by Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions (DEMETER), Global Positioning System total electron content (GPS TEC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-derived outgoing longwave-Earth radiation (OLR), and atmospheric chemical potential (ACP) measurements, with volcanic and Saharan dust events identified by ground and satellite-based medium infrared/thermal infrared (MIR/TIR) observations. The results indicated that the Mt. Etna (Italy) volcanic activity of 2006 was probably responsible for the ionospheric perturbations revealed by DEMETER on 4 November and 6 December and by GPS TEC observations on 4 November and 12 …
Actively Forming Kuroko-Type Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide (Vhms) Mineralization At Iheya North, Okinawa Trough, Japan, Christopher J. Yeats, Steven P. Hollis, Angela Halfpenny, Juan-Carlos Corona, Crystal Laflamme, Gordon Southam, Marco Fiorentini, Richard J. Herrington, John Spratt
Actively Forming Kuroko-Type Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide (Vhms) Mineralization At Iheya North, Okinawa Trough, Japan, Christopher J. Yeats, Steven P. Hollis, Angela Halfpenny, Juan-Carlos Corona, Crystal Laflamme, Gordon Southam, Marco Fiorentini, Richard J. Herrington, John Spratt
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
Modern seafloor hydrothermal systems provide important insights into the formation and discovery of ancient volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposits. In 2010, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 331 drilled five sites in the Iheya North hydrothermal field in the middle Okinawa Trough back-arc basin, Japan. Hydrothermal alteration and sulfide mineralization is hosted in a geologically complex, mixed sequence of coarse pumiceous volcaniclastic and fine hemipelagic sediments, overlying a dacitic to rhyolitic volcanic substrate. At site C0016, located adjacent to the foot of the actively venting North Big Chimney massive sulfide mound, massive sphalerite-(pyrite-chalcopyrite ± galena)-rich sulfides were intersected (to 30.2% …
Continued Exploration Of The Santorini Volcanic Field And Cretan Basin, Aegean Sea, Katherine L. C. Bell, Paraskevi Nomikou, Steven N. Carey, Eleni Stathopoulou, Paraskevi Polymenakou, Athanasios Godelitsas, Chris Roman, Michelle Parks
Continued Exploration Of The Santorini Volcanic Field And Cretan Basin, Aegean Sea, Katherine L. C. Bell, Paraskevi Nomikou, Steven N. Carey, Eleni Stathopoulou, Paraskevi Polymenakou, Athanasios Godelitsas, Chris Roman, Michelle Parks
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Submarine Volcanism In The Straits Of Sicily, Steven N. Carey, Katherine L. C. Bell, Michael Marani, Mauro Rosi, Edward T. Baker, Chris Roman, Marco Pistolesi, Joshua Kelly
Submarine Volcanism In The Straits Of Sicily, Steven N. Carey, Katherine L. C. Bell, Michael Marani, Mauro Rosi, Edward T. Baker, Chris Roman, Marco Pistolesi, Joshua Kelly
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Remote Analysis Of Grain Size Characteristic In Submarine Pyroclastic Deposits From Kolumbo Volcano, Greece, Clara Smart, D. P. Whitesell, Christopher N. Roman, Steven Carey
Remote Analysis Of Grain Size Characteristic In Submarine Pyroclastic Deposits From Kolumbo Volcano, Greece, Clara Smart, D. P. Whitesell, Christopher N. Roman, Steven Carey
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
Grain size characteristics of pyroclastic deposits provide valuable information about source eruption energetics and depositional processes. Maximum size and sorting are often used to discriminate between fallout and sediment gravity flow processes during explosive eruptions. In the submarine environment the collection of such data in thick pyroclastic sequences is extremely challenging and potentially time consuming. A method has been developed to extract grain size information from stereo images collected by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). In the summer of 2010 the ROV Hercules collected a suite of stereo images from a thick pumice sequence in the caldera walls of Kolumbo …
Exploration Of The Anaximander Mud Volcanoes, Timothy M. Shank, Santiago Herrera, Walter Cho, Christopher N. Roman, Katherine L. Croff Bell
Exploration Of The Anaximander Mud Volcanoes, Timothy M. Shank, Santiago Herrera, Walter Cho, Christopher N. Roman, Katherine L. Croff Bell
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Exploration Of The Kolumbo Volcanic Rift Zone, Steven Carey, Katherine L. Croff Bell, Paraskevi Nomikou, Georges Vougioukalakis, Christopher N. Roman, Kathleen Cantner, Konstantina Bejelou, Maria Bourbouli, Julie Fero Martin
Exploration Of The Kolumbo Volcanic Rift Zone, Steven Carey, Katherine L. Croff Bell, Paraskevi Nomikou, Georges Vougioukalakis, Christopher N. Roman, Kathleen Cantner, Konstantina Bejelou, Maria Bourbouli, Julie Fero Martin
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Marine Investigations Of Greece's Santorini Volcanic Field, Haraldur Sigurdsson, Steven Carey, Matina Alexandri, Georges Vougioukalakis, Katherine Croff, Chris Roman, Dimitris Sakellariou, Christos Anagnostou, Grigoris Rousakis, Chrysanti Ioakim, Aleka Goguo, Dionysis Ballas, Thanassis Misaridis, Paraskevi Nomikou
Marine Investigations Of Greece's Santorini Volcanic Field, Haraldur Sigurdsson, Steven Carey, Matina Alexandri, Georges Vougioukalakis, Katherine Croff, Chris Roman, Dimitris Sakellariou, Christos Anagnostou, Grigoris Rousakis, Chrysanti Ioakim, Aleka Goguo, Dionysis Ballas, Thanassis Misaridis, Paraskevi Nomikou
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
The most recent major explosive eruption of the Santorini volcano in Greece—around 3600 years before present (B.P.), often referred to as the Minoan eruption—is one of the largest volcanic events known in historical time and has been the subject of intense volcanological and archeological studies [Druitt et al., 1999]. The submarine volcano Kolumbo, located seven kilometers northeast of Santorini and associated with Santorini's tectonic system, erupted explosively in 1650 A.D., resulting in fatalities on the island of Thera [Fouqué, 1879]. A large fraction of the erupted products from the Minoan eruption has been deposited in the …
Radar Observations Of Ash Eruptions, D. M. Harris, William I. Rose, R. Roe, M. R. Thompson
Radar Observations Of Ash Eruptions, D. M. Harris, William I. Rose, R. Roe, M. R. Thompson
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
Radar systems located at Portland, Oreg., Seattle, Wash., and near Spokane, Wash., have been used extensively for observations of ash clouds from explosive volcanic eruptions at Mount St. Helens during 1980. Eruption clouds are composed of silicate particles and are therefore detectable by radar. Radar observations can be made at night and in overcast weather when conventional observations of eruptions are difficult.-from Authors
Emission Rates Of Co2 From Plume Measurements., D. M. Harris, M. Sato, T. J. Casadevall, William I. Rose, T. J. Bornhorst
Emission Rates Of Co2 From Plume Measurements., D. M. Harris, M. Sato, T. J. Casadevall, William I. Rose, T. J. Bornhorst
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
Most of the CO2 that emanated from Mount St. Helens became part of the gas plume as it moved away from the volcano. An airborne technique was developed for continuous sampling and infrared analysis for CO2 in the plume. The CO2-emission rates were determined by measuring the area, the horizontal velocity, and the CO2 concentration anomaly in vertical cross sections of the plume The emission rate varied from 2100 t/day to about 22 000 t/day.-from Author