Soil Science Commons^™

Hay - The National And International Traveler, Harry D. Gates Jr.

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Prior to 1883, packing, shipping and hauling hay was an irregular business. There was no established custom to govern, and every transaction was typical of the parties engaged in it.

The hay crop had become the leading agricultural product in value, and its importance commercially was appreciated. The amount of hay leaving the farm had steadily increased, but trade environment did not offer much encouragement for businessmen of regular methods, or the capitalist to embark in the business, and it was apparent to every thinking person that for the proper development of so important an industry it was necessary in …

Development Of Local Hay Association, Roger Sparrow, Eric Hinton, J. H. Ragland

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The need for a Hay marketing "system" had been obvious to hay sellers and agricultural leaders in Larue County for some time. Five or six hay producers had been selling mainly alfalfa hay to truckers, who would transport the hay to a buyer and reap the profit. Hay was mostly sold by the bale and at a low price. Because of the land and soil type, Larue County had a good potential to produce alfalfa as a cash crop. The development of this potential was being limited by an unreliable and unprofitable market. Given these conditions, the development of a …

Alfalfa From The Consumer Standpoint, John Williams

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Traditionally, horsemen in this part of the United States have fed grass hay mixed with good red clover hay to their horses in training as well as their horses on the farm. Knowing that legume hay is high in protein, horsemen found this is a good source of the needed protein for their animals no matter what activity they were engaged in. A few problems were found with clover hay. First of all, it was usually dusty and, if not made under ideal circumstances, the hay was dark and in some cases moldy. The hay could never be purchased in …

Innovations In Hay Harvesting And Storing, V. L. Lectenberg, D. A. Holt

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Haymaking in the humid parts of the U.S. is the most risky operation that farmers engage in. Standing hay is extremely high in moisture and must be dried to at least 25% moisture less before it can be stored without spoilage. Most farmers rely on natural field drying processes to cure their hay. Natural drying is often slowed by high relative humidity. Rainfall frequently occurs before the hay has dried which further slows the drying process and can result in serious nutrient and yield losses. Haymaking is also a labor-intensive farming operation and, until recently, involved a large amount of …

Breaking The Alfalfa Yield Barrier, J. Paul Mueller

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

During the past one-hundred or so years, alfalfa production has spread and flourished in the United States. It has contributed to progress in many phases of the livestock industry.

No-Till Establishement Of Alfalfa, Harlan E. White, Dale D. Wolf

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The no-till concept has been widely accepted in Virginia for corn and soybean production. However, alfalfa is still commonly established by plowing and tilling the soil into a fine seedbed. Each year many tons of productive topsoil is eroded by rainfall on those prepared seedbeds. The resulting gullies remain in the hayfield for the life of the stand to damage equipment and "rattle the teeth" of the operator.

Current Disease Problems In Alfalfa, William C. Nesmith

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is attacked by many fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes which USDA estimates reduces hay yields by 24% annually in the U.S. Even greater losses occur in Kentucky. However, it is the diseases of the root and crown which cause the greatest damage because they limit the number of years a stand can remain productive.

Quality Alfalfa Seed Production In The West, Vern L. Marble

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa seed production in the western United States has become a specialized business, and can no longer be considered as a "catch crop" to be harvested along with a hay production program in historical production areas in the Plains and Rocky Mountain states which produced approximately 80 percent of all of the seed produced in the late 1940's and early 1950's. In 1981 the seven western states of California (47.8 percent), Idaho (12.2 percent), Nevada (8.7 percent), Washington (7.7 percent), Oregon (4.2 percent), Montana (4.5 percent), and Utah (3.2 percent) produced 87.5 percent of the total 1981 production of 117 …

Summary Of Experimental Results 1982., M J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Cercospora disease of sub-clover fungicidal control of cercospora disease on sub-clover. 82M04, 82M05. Aim: To determine the efficacy of several fungicides in controlling Cercospora disease of subterranean clover. 82AL19, 82BU2. Aim: To test the effectiveness of various seed treatments for controlling seed-borne and soil-borne damping-off and root rot causing fungi so as to allow successful stand establishment in root rot affected areas. Rapeseed, yield losses from white leaf spot. 82MT4. Aim: To determine the yield losses from white leaf spot and grey stem (Pseudocercosporella capsellae) on a range of rapeseed varieties.Rapeseed effect of fungicides on white leaf spot of rapeseed. …

Medic Inoculation Experiments., D. L. Chatel

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Inoculation trials conducted at Merredin Research Station and Merredin Research Station lease block. 1. To test the field effectiveness of promising strains of Rhizobium meliloti and to compare them with standard strains. 2. To examine the performance in subsequent years of R. meliloti as colonizers of acid soils. The new strains included in this experiment represent promising isolates from acid soils in Sardinia. Their ability to persist will be determined by second and third year nodulation assessments. 3. To compare the performance of Medicago murex with previously used medic hosts under acid conditions. 4. To assess the effect of lime …

Seed Ecology Of Weeds. Control Of Calotropis And Parkinsonia. Calotropis/Buffel Grass Interactions., A H. Cheam

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Emergence of weed seedlings from different soil depths, 82 MT 49, 82 NR 12, 82 c 37. Longevity of buried weed seeds, 82 MT 50, 82 NR 13, 82 c 38. Emergence of weed seedlings in relation to soil type and cultivation. Date of planting study with selected weed species. Chemical control of calotropis, 81 KU 2, 81 KU 3. Chemical control of Parkinsonia, 81 PH 2, 81 PH 3.

Plant Viruses., G. D. Mclean, L. K. Price, J. A. Weir, J. M. Allen, P. Fievez, P. A. Portmann, R. J. Mclean, J. D. Sandow

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Clover viruses, 82ES38, 82AL47, 82MA19, 82BR19, 82BY29; 82BU5, 82HA9. Lupin virus, diseases. Barley yellow dwarf virus, 82AL46, 82AL51, 82B10, 82BA33, 82BR16, 82BR18, 82C29, 82E27, 82ES37, 82ES40, 82JE19, 82JE20, 82KA33, 82KA34, 82ABI3, 82MA18, 82MN22, 82MT34, 82NA32, 82WH28,82B8, 82MN17, 82E24, 82MT30, 82E25, 82MN18, 82MT31, 82B9, 82ABI2, 82BA31, 82C26, 82JE17, 82WH27, 82AL45, 82BR17, 82ES39, 82MA1, 82MA117, 82MT33,

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed (Chondrilla Juncea) In Western Australia, Seed Pools And Seedling Establishment In Pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium), Regeneration Of Afghan Thistle (Solanum Hoplopetalum), F. D. Panetta

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

To assess the viability of seed produced under natural conditions. To determine the size of seed banks in different areas and to determine when seedling establishment occurs on a seasonal basis. To assess the relative contribution of reproduction by seed and root fragments to the persistence and growth of populations. To determine if reproduction from root fragments occurs more readily at certain times of the year

Sorrel, Dicamba Soil Residual Effects, Glean, Veldt Grass, Declared Weeds Blackberry, Pattersons Curse, Penny Royal, J Moore

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

CONCLUSIONS This trial has confirmed the field observation that 2,4,5-T whilst giving good initial control of Pennyroyal, fails after a number of years. Round up has a far longer term effect. This can only be attributed to a more complete initial kill as both herbicides are essentially non residual. Further work needs to be conducted on Round up in combination with soil residual chemicals or multiple applications to overcome the problem of reinfestation from seed reserves. 81A1 -01

Pasture Research At Esperance., M D A Bolland

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Serradella species and strain evaluation trials. Aim: There are only two strains of serradella available commercially in Australia, Ornithopus compressus, Pitman and Uniserra. There have been approximately 400 strains of the different serradella species collected by Australian scientists and their European colleagues in the Mediterranean region. The aim of these experiments was to screen a selection from this collection in an attempt to broaden the genetic diversity of serradella available commercially. Serradella germination trial. Aim: To measure per cent germination in selected strains of serradella species, with ± pods. Trifolium brachycalycinum hardseed experiment.Results of 1981 sown experiment (1982 not yet …

Trace Element Nutrition., R F. Brennan, M M. Riley

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Long term copper trial - Newdegate Research Station 66 N 14. Rates of copper and methods of application on new land 82 Me 43. Wheat response to zinc rates 81 Mo 8. Zinc, sulphur and copper residual with DAP for wheat 78 LG 27. Manganese residual on lupins 78 Ba 26. Manganese on wheat 82 No 8. Manganese on wheat, barley, oats and lupins 82 Br 4. Manganese, zinc, magnesium and lime on wheat varieties 82 Je 21. Foliar application of molybdenum to wheat 82 Me 74. Foliar application of molybdenum to wheat 82 TS 41. Molybdenum and ammonium sulphate …

Grapevines - Herbicide Tolerance, Sorrel - Effects Of Nutrients, Bracken - Wick Application, Pennyroyal - Control, Blackberry – Control., John Moore

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Grapevines - Herbicide tolerance Sorrel -Effects of Nutrients Bracken- Wick application Pennyroyal - Control Blackberry - Control 82 MT 57, 82 MT 58, 82 MT 59, 81 MT 60, 80 KA 40, 80KA39, 82 AL 48, 80 AL 10, 81 AL 101,

Effect Of Herbicides On Performance Of Aerobic Dairy Lagoons, John D. Bottom, Joseph L. Taraba

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The herbicides glyphosate, bromacil, and dalapon were assessed for their affect on the oxygen uptake of microorganisms from an aerated dairy lagoon at 20 °C. The maximum recommended addition of herbicide active ingerdient to a lagoon is: glyphosate (isopropyl amino salt)—0.42 mg/L; bromacil—3.70 mg/L; and dalapon (85.8 percent Na salt and 14.2 percent Mg salt)—1.95 mg/L. In addition, microorganism isolates from the aerobic dairy lagoon were incubated under aerobic and anerobic conditions at room temperature to assess the effects of the herbicides. Under aerobic incubation, it was found that neither herbicide type nor herbicide concentration affected isolate growth. Under anaerobic …

Oilseed Agronomy., A. G. Mckay

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Time of nitrogen application on rapeseed, 82MT39. Time of sowing x rate of nitrogen on rapeseed, 82MA16, 82AL42. Oilseed phenology trials brassica species, 82A5, 82BA40, 82C35, 82E30, 82M33, 82MT36, 82WH29. Rapeseed windrowing, time of harvest, 82MT35, 82AL50. Shattering differences among rapeseed lines, 82MT37, 82WH30. Wesroona reselection evaluation, 82MT38. Triazine herbicide resistant rapeseed, 82GL12. Podquat on rape seed 82MT54. Sunflower varieties, winter sown, 82GE31

1. Phosphorus Sources Trials 2. Miscellaneous Trials, J W. Bowden, R J. Lunt, M J. Baker

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Sources of phosphorus trials - 1982 results. Pasture Trials, 76MT10, 77MT1, 77MT2, 76BU1, 77EI. Cropping Trials, 76WH14, 76WH10, 76WH9, 76N4, 76LG6, 80BA6. Trials not assessed in 1982, 77WH2 Pasture phase. Miscellaneous trials. Long term trials, 66M30, 65Al, 65A1, 65C5, 69WH15, 75LG26, 81N044, 78BA7. 1982 Trials, 82N04, 82BA2, 82N02, 82N05, 82WH2, 81N044.

Nitrogenous Fertilisers For Cereals And Rape Results From 1982 Trials., M. G. Mason

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Residual value of fertiliser nitrogen, Chapman research station, Nabawa, 81 C 2. Residual value of fertiliser nitrogen, Merredin research station, 81 M 1. Residual value of fertiliser nitrogen Wongan Hills research station, 81 WH 1. Evaluation of the nitrification inhibitor,DIDIN, R. Auld, North Eneabba. 82 TS 40. Evaluation of the nitrification inhibitor, DIDIN, D. Hooper, Perillup, 82 AL 35. Evaluation of the nitrification inhibitor, DIDIN, Badgingarra research station, 82 BA 9. Evaluation of the nitrification Inhibitor, DIDIN, Esperance Downs research station, Gibson, 82 E 4. Evaluation of the nitrification inhibitor, DIDIN, J.B. Wood, Lancelin, 82 MO 3. Nitrogen fertiliser requirement …

Soil Physical Conditions And Crop Production, A. P. Hamlin

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1a. Differences in water balance and resultant crop growth related to soil structure: Merredin red brown solonized earth. 1b. Soil structure effects on crop growth (Merredin). 77M13, 77M56. 2. Water balance studies under wheat on Wongan loamy sand (82WH8)

Summary Of Experimental Results., J. Peirce, B. J. Rayner

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

81GE22. 81GE28, soursob control. 81N056, in cereals. 81N057. 82LG34, chemical x water volumes (broadleaved weeds). 82LG36, hoegrass, rate x volume (ryegrass). 82N039, crop damage in wheel tracks x spraying. 82N043, ropewick for cape tulip control. 82NR3, patersons curse control in hay crops. 82NR8, patersons curse control in hay crops. 82N055, hoegrass, rate x volume (wild oats). 82N056, chemical x volume (broadleaved weeds). Demonstration, soursob control in cereals. 82ME44, matricaria control in cereals. 82ME57, crop damage in wheel tracks x spraying. 82ME59, chemical x volume (broadleaved weeds). 82ME60, hoegrass, rate x volume (ryegrass). 82ME81, matricaria control in pastures. 82ME86, cereal tolerance …

Grass Control In Legume-Grass Pastures., C. W. Thorn.

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Crop results following grass control in 1981 Trials. 81AL1, 81Na3, 81Ba2, 81Kal, 81Ka2, 81N3, 81N21, 81A23, 81AL88.

2. Effect of grass control on animal production trials. 81M01, 82Na29.

3. Effect of grass control on take-all trials. 82LG25, 82Na30.

4. Effect of pasture density and composition on soil nitrogen trials. 81A24, 82Na5, 82WH32.

5. Grass control on rotations trials. 82E35, 79E15.

6. Grass control in re-seeded clover pastures trials. 82N16, 82WH26.

Long Term Minimum Tillage Investigations, R J. Jarvis

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

77A16, 77WH17, 77M13, 78M25, 77E18, 77Mt15, 78Ba42, 77A43, 77WH88, 77M56, 82M35, 77E52, 77Mt51, 82N21, 82LG47, 82KD3, 82M29, 82M30, 79M7, 79WH6, 82M34, 82LG4, 82ME38, 82M46, 82GE37, 82GE38, 82M35, 81M53, 82N48, 82NO49, 82NO51, 77WH17, 80NO46, 81NO3, 81NO4, 82MO35, 82MO36, 82MO34, 82MO34, 82MO37, 82WH2, 80A44, 82M32, 82M61, 82N32, 81LG3, 82M31, 81M45, 81NO2, 81M52.

Phosphorus Nutrition On Leaching Sands., D. M. Deeley, S. M. Mason, B. G. Barker

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The excessive amounts of nutrients entering the Peel-Harvey Estuarine system have resulted in a marked increase in the abundance of algal species .within the estuary and reduced production on the sandy coastal soils of the catchment from which the nutrients are being leached. Recent stream samplings by D.C.E have shown that the deep grey Bassendean sands may be contributing up to 40 per cent of the total P loading in the Harvey River. Agriculture Department trials around Albany on similar sands have shown that up to 80 per cent of the bicarb extractable P may be lost after only 150 …

Low Rainfall Pasture Project., M. Ewing

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Variety Trials - large plots: 82ME47, 82ME48, 82ME49, 82ME50, 82ME51, 82M27, 82N044, 82N31, 82TS27, 82LG32, 82TS32 2. Variety Tests – rows: 82M40, 82M44, 82M45, 82M49, 82M59, 82ME77. 3. Pasture Establishment and Re-establishment: 82M41, 82M42. 4. Lupins - Rates of P. 82ME64.

Long Term Rotation Trials, Lupin Wheat Rotation, Continuous Cropping With Nitrogenous Fertiliser., I Rowland

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Long term rotation trials, 66M29, 67C13, 67N4, 68E5, 68SG5, 73SG16.

Lupins, Wheat rotation, 79GE36, 80TS3, 82TS2.

Continuous cropping with nitrogenous fertiliser, 80NA6.

1982

Take-All Of Cereals. Rhizoctonia Patch Of Cereals. Minimum Tillage Trials, 1982., G. C. Macnish

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Take-all of cereals. 76LG25, 77E4, 77MT19, 82AL53, 82AL54, 82NA35, 82MT40, 79E12, 78JE4, 78ES30, 73SG16, 77ES8, 80JE15, 79E15, 74SG16. 80ES16, 81ES1 (previously 80ES17), 82E16, 82No35, 82E17, 82N 34 (formerly 76LG25), 82AL53, 82AL54, 81NA35, 81MT40, 79E12, 78JE4, 80JE15, 80JE15, 80ES38, Experiments not assessed in 1982 were, 77A16, 77M13, 77M56, 78M25, 77WH17, 77WH88. 74A43, 77E18, 77E52, 77MT15, 77MT51.

Alternative Pasture Species To Ryegrass For Areas Affected By Annual Ryegrass Toxicity., P. Dixon

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The aim of this project is to find alternative pasture species to ryegrass in areas which are affected by Annual Ryegrass Toxicity, 82 KA 45. Pasture species row evaluation, 82 KA 40. Pasture species row evaluation, 82 KA 41. Pasture species row evaluation, 82 KA 42. Pasture species row evaluation, 82 KA 43. Medic species trial, 82 KA 44. Medic species trial, 82 KA 45.