Geochemistry Commons^™

Input And Distribution Of Sewage Derived Sedimentary Material Adjacent To Chesapeake-Elizabeth Sewage Outfall, Virginia Beach, Virginia, Robert Carroll Brown

OES Theses and Dissertations

The concentrations of coprostanol and hydrocarbons were measured in the effluent from the Chesapeake-Elizabeth sewage treatment plant and surface sediments from the area surrounding the effluent discharge site. Most of the coprostanol (>84%) and hydrocarbons (>91%) were associated with particulates in the effluent. Some of these particles were incorporated into the sedimentary column within the study area, while some may have escaped from the area.

The study area is found to be a dynamic area where changes in the percentage and distribution of fine-grained sediments occur over periods of months. The movement of fine-grained sediments is an important …

Some Effects Of The Polychaete Nereis Succinea Frey And Leukart 1847 On The Distribution Of Copper Cadmium And Zinc In Sediments And Water, Gabriela Kitzig August

OES Theses and Dissertations

Two laboratory experiments, each lasting 216 hours, were conducted in order to determine the effects of a burrowing polychaete, Nereis succinea Frey and Leukart, 1847, on the distribution of copper, cadmium, and zinc in sediments and water in environmentally controlled microcosms. Dissolved metal concentrations in microcosms containing worms (experimental) decreased more rapidly than in microcosms without worms (controls). From 72 hours to 216 hours, suspended metal concentrations in experimental microcosms increased while concentrations in controls remained relatively constant. Sediment cadmium concentrations in experimental microcosms increased more over time than in controls. Polychaetes accumulated significant amounts of all three metals. These …

The Distribution Of Cesium-137, Copper, Lead And Zinc In Various Sedimentary Environments Of The James River Estuary, Virginia, Colin Stevenson Moy

OES Theses and Dissertations

Ten grab samples and eight cores were obtained within a short stretch of the James River estuary. The distribution of CU, Pb, Zn, Cs-137, organic carbon (TOC) and fine-grained sediments in various depositional environments were examined. Within the past quarter of a century, these measured parameters have been accumulating preferentially in the low energy environment (Burwell Bay). The inventory of Cs-137 in the cores was linearly related to the inventory of heavy metals and TOC. The concentrations of Cs-137 in the surface sediments vary linearly to those of the other parameters suggesting that Cs-137 may be used as a tracer …

The Effects Of Elevated Calcium Chloride And Magnesium Chloride Levels On Larval Growth And Survival Of Macrobrachium Rosenbergii (De Man) (Decapoda Palaemonidae) Reared In The Laboratory, James Thomas Michaels Ii

OES Theses and Dissertations

The effects of elevated CaCl₂ , MgCl₂ , combination CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ concentrations and their associated ionic strengths on larval growth and survival of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii were investigated in the laboratory. Larvae were reared in diluted seawater of 15 parts per thousand salinity with elevated calcium concentrations of 330 parts per million and elevated magnesium concentrations of 1275 parts per million. Control larvae were also reared with elevated NaCl concentrations to duplicate the ionic strength increases of the combination CaCl₂ - MgCl₂ test solution which had the highest ionic strength. A …

The Distribution Of Several Metals And Cation Exchange Capacity In Sediment Fractions From An Artificial And Natural Marsh, James River, Virginia, William Nivens

OES Theses and Dissertations

In order to examine the mechanisms by which Fe, Mn, Ca, Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb are bound in sediments, a sequential selective extraction procedure was employed on sediment samples collected at an experimental dredge disposal marsh and a neighboring natural marsh located near Windmill Point, James River, Va. The metal concentrations were determined in six phases, interstitial water, exchangeable, easily reducible (oxides of Mn), organic, moderately, reducible (oxides of Fe), and residual fractions. In addition, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the sediments was determined as well as the actual role of organics and colloidal iron coatings as they …

Sediment Interstitial Dissolved Mercury And Carbon Relationships In An Artificial And Natural Marsh, James River, Virginia, Apostolos Katsaounis

OES Theses and Dissertations

Thirty six sediment cores were collected during August, 1976 and January, 1977 in order to examine the relationships between dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved mercury in the interstitial water of two marshes located near Windmill Point, James River, 16 km downstream from Hopewell, Virginia. The Windmill Point marsh development site is a dredged material disposal island in the James River. The reference marsh which does not contain dredged material, is located 2.3 km upstream at Ducking Stool Point.

The concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved mercury showed no significant difference between the two marshes. Trends in the …

Processes Controlling The Distribution Of Methane In The Cariaco Tranch, Venezuela, Denis A. Wiesenburg

OES Theses and Dissertations

Abstract unavailable.

The Analysis Of Volatile Organic Compounds In The Southern Chesapeake Bay, Virginia By Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, James D. Haluska

OES Theses and Dissertations

Sea-water samples from the Norfolk, Virginia area were analyzed for trace volatile organic compounds by helium sparging. Contents of the trap were injected into a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer. Analysis of the trap contents indicated the presence of aliphatic and olef1nic hydrocarbons containing up to six carbon atoms and eight halogenated compounds of up to two carbon atoms in length. The halogenated compounds which were identified were dichlorofluoromethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, trichloroethane (2 isomers) bromodichloromethane, and chlorotrifluoroethylene. The

relative concentrations of volatile organic compounds generally tended to increase in samples collected from water prone to urban environmental pressures. All eight …

Determination Of Nutrient Levels And Proposed Predictive Models For Phosphate In The Lafayette River, Norfolk, Virginia, John R. Montgomery

OES Theses and Dissertations

The Lafayette River, an Urban, well-mixed estuarine embayment, was sampled from October, 1970 to January, 1972 for phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, oxygen, water temperature and salinity. The mean values found for these samples were: oxygen saturation from 69% to 106% nitrate from 0 to 4 microgram-atoms per liter, and salinity from 13 ‰ to 24 ‰. The mouth of the Elizabeth River to Hampton Roads as also sampled from May, 1971 to August, 1971. The Lafayette and Elizabeth Rivers were also sampled over a 24 hour period in the summer of 1971 and the Lafayette River again in the winter of …

An Evaluation Of A Stable Isotope Of Dysprosium For Labeling And Tracing Sedimentary Particles, Charles Glenn Boone

OES Theses and Dissertations

An evaluation of the application of dysprosium oxide as a tracer coating to surface label sedimentary particles is made. Physical and chemical properties of the labeled sand are studied. Effective diameters and settling properties of the tracer sand are compared with unlabeled sand. A total of 8.51 kg of labeled sand was placed on the beach at Camp Pendleton. Dispersal patterns obtained 1 and 4 hours after tracer injection indicate a general down current mean tracer migration rate of 0.21 cm/sec (0.42ft/sec). An absolute detection limit of 4 or 5 parts per 100,000 and a real detection limit, after field …