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International Journal of Speleology

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A New Jujiroa From Sichuan, China (Coleoptera, Carabidae), Augusto Vigna Taglianti Jan 1994

A New Jujiroa From Sichuan, China (Coleoptera, Carabidae), Augusto Vigna Taglianti

International Journal of Speleology

Jujiroa iolandae n.sp. is described from Liujia Cave in China (Sichuan, near Huaying, between Chongqing and Nanchong). Strongly depigmented, with very reduced eyes and markedly elongated appendages, it is well distinguishable from Taiwanese and Japanese species, and from the two previously known species from China. One of these, J. suensoni from Shangxi, is quite different (its doubtful taxonomic position is perhaps to be referred to another genus or lineage); the other, J. rufescens from Jiangxi (Fujian), is more related to the new species, that differs by the longer and more sinuate pronotum, with fore and hind angles much more produced, …

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Les Grottes Aménagées Et L'Union Internationale De Spéléologie (1965-1990), Hubert Trimmel Jan 1994

Les Grottes Aménagées Et L'Union Internationale De Spéléologie (1965-1990), Hubert Trimmel

International Journal of Speleology

The initiatives of the International Union of Speleology concerning the show caves, approved during various International Congresses of Speleology are here reported. Among other things, an attempt of having a list of show caves is also recalled but only recently such an attempt produced successfully a document. An example of it is also given.

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Management Of Some Unusual Features In The Show Caves Of The United States, Jeanne Gurnee Jan 1994

Management Of Some Unusual Features In The Show Caves Of The United States, Jeanne Gurnee

International Journal of Speleology

Protection of the unusual features in some of the 200 show caves of the U.S. have required innovative management. The sea caves of both the east and west coasts present the need for special preservation methods. Throughout the nation sometimes glass enclosures, vehicles and boats are used to separate visitors from sensitive cave features. Lighting and cleaning techniques have been studied and altered to discourage growth of algae. Some show caves are protected by double glass entrance and exit doors. Many caves, particularly on public lands, are closed during the hibernation period of endangered bats. In a number of caves, …

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Die Slowakischen Shauhöhlen Und Ihre Probleme, Ivan Racko Jan 1994

Die Slowakischen Shauhöhlen Und Ihre Probleme, Ivan Racko

International Journal of Speleology

In 1960 the Slovak Caves Administration, which managed twelve Slovak Caves was founded. It was controlled by the Ministry of Culture of the Slovak Socialist Republic and comprised also the Museum of Slovak Karst and the Slovak Speleological Society - a free speleological organisation. In 1981 such an Administration became part of the State Centre for the Protection of Nature. The main task of this centre was obviously the protection of nature in Slovakia but unfortunately many problems remained unsolved. The social movement in November 1989 accelerated the process to solve such problems and the Forum of Professional Workers of …

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Kurzer Bericht Über Die Probleme Des Höhlentourismus In Jugoslawien, France Habe Jan 1994

Kurzer Bericht Über Die Probleme Des Höhlentourismus In Jugoslawien, France Habe

International Journal of Speleology

In the frame of the IUS, the activities concerning the Yugoslav show caves are reported and the most relevant problems are emphasized.

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Problems Of Show Caves In Bohemia And Moravia, Milka Dusan Jan 1994

Problems Of Show Caves In Bohemia And Moravia, Milka Dusan

International Journal of Speleology

In the last years the show caves in Bohemia and Moravia were administrated by the Ministry of Culture with the status of a state assisted organization. That means that they were considered as those organizations not self-sufficient, without connections with tourism. Presently, the management of the show caves in Bohemia and Moravia is at a crossroad: to remain under the administration of the Ministry of Culture or move under the newly formed Ministry of Environment. In the latter case the cave management should change into a business organization similar to a private body. We believe that these problems can be …

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Problemi Turistici Della Grotta Gigante Nel Carso Triestino, Fabio Forti Jan 1994

Problemi Turistici Della Grotta Gigante Nel Carso Triestino, Fabio Forti

International Journal of Speleology

The paper reports the tourist evolution of the Grotta Gigante (Giant Cave), near Trieste (Italy) during 80 years (1908 - 1989) of its opening to the public. At the beginning it entered in competition with some other local show caves, even much more famous (like Postojna and Stocjan), after the II World War on account of the change of the state boundaries it remained the sole show cave in that part of Italy. Then the Grotta Gigante succeeded, even if slowly, to cope with the changing tourist demands, improving more and more its facilities to follow the increasing tourist flows. …

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230Th Dating Of The Speleothems From The "Grotta Del Fiume-Grotta Grande Del Vento" Karst System In Frasassi (Ancona, Italy) And Paleoenvironmental Implications, Adriano Taddeucci, Paola Tuccimei, Mario Voltaggio Jan 1994

230Th Dating Of The Speleothems From The "Grotta Del Fiume-Grotta Grande Del Vento" Karst System In Frasassi (Ancona, Italy) And Paleoenvironmental Implications, Adriano Taddeucci, Paola Tuccimei, Mario Voltaggio

International Journal of Speleology

Chronological measurements have been carried out on speleothems from the Grotta del Fiume-Grotta Grande del Vento karst system in Frasassi (Ancona, Italy) by means of the 230Th radiometric method in order to date hypogean karst levels and related geological events. Higher levels were found to be older than the lower ones according to standstills and sinkings of the water table. The dated speleothems from the first and second level formed less than 10,000 years ago; the minimum ages of the third and fifth levels, which are respectively 130,000 and 200,000 years old, were correlated to climatic events. Dating different …

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Descrizione Morfologica E Stima Dell'impatto Ambientale Derivante Dall'apertura Al Pubblico Delle Grotte Di "Is Zuddas" Presso Santadi (Nuoro, Sardegna, Italia), Roberto Curreli, Nicolino Diana, Antonello Floris, Antonello Sulas Jan 1994

Descrizione Morfologica E Stima Dell'impatto Ambientale Derivante Dall'apertura Al Pubblico Delle Grotte Di "Is Zuddas" Presso Santadi (Nuoro, Sardegna, Italia), Roberto Curreli, Nicolino Diana, Antonello Floris, Antonello Sulas

International Journal of Speleology

After a short history of the discovery of the caves of “Is Zuddas” a geological description of the region and the geomorphological evolution of the cave are recorded. The results of a preliminary climatological research are reported and a rough evaluation of the visitors capacity is also given.

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Die Saalfelder Feengrotten: Ein Schaubergwerk Mit Höhlencharkter, Bernd Lochner Jan 1994

Die Saalfelder Feengrotten: Ein Schaubergwerk Mit Höhlencharkter, Bernd Lochner

International Journal of Speleology

The well known “Saalfelder Feengrotten” originated from an old aluminium mine called “Jeremiasglück”. The mine has been working from 1943 to 1945; the oldest formations have an age of about 350 years. Such formations were formed by an oxidation process which explains the rather fast growth rate in comparison to the growth rate of calcite formations. In the “Feengrotten” rare minerals can be found: the most common is a soft unstable compound, the diadochite (iron(III) phosphate). The control of the lampenflora is rather complicate and it is obtained with some compounds normally used in caves. The “Feengrotten” are visited yearly …

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La Cueva De Nerja (Malaga, España), José Ramón Andérica Frias Jan 1994

La Cueva De Nerja (Malaga, España), José Ramón Andérica Frias

International Journal of Speleology

The history and the development of the cave of Nerja are here summarized. A short description of the cave with the main goals for the future are also reported.

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Some Remarks On The Genus Microcharon Karaman In Greece, And Description Of M. Agripensis N. Sp. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Microparasellidae), Diana M. P. Galassi, Paola De Laurentiis, Giuseppe L. Pesce Jan 1994

Some Remarks On The Genus Microcharon Karaman In Greece, And Description Of M. Agripensis N. Sp. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Microparasellidae), Diana M. P. Galassi, Paola De Laurentiis, Giuseppe L. Pesce

International Journal of Speleology

Several samples of microparasellid isopods of the genus Microcharon Karaman were obtained in groundwater habitats of Greece. Four species are identified, and taxonomical and zoogeographical remarks on some rare or poorly known taxa are made. One species, herein described as Microcharon agripensis n. sp., is new to Science. M. latus prespensis Karaman, 1954, on account of the different morphology of the first and second male pleopods, and its partially overlapping distribution, in respect to M. latus Karaman, 1934, is definitively raised at specific rank. Supplementary descriptions and illustrations are reported for incompletely described species such as M. latus, M. …

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Sinogammarus Troglodytes N. Gen. N. Sp. A New Troglobiont Gammarid From China (Crustacea Amphipoda), Gordon Karaman, Sandro Ruffo Jan 1994

Sinogammarus Troglodytes N. Gen. N. Sp. A New Troglobiont Gammarid From China (Crustacea Amphipoda), Gordon Karaman, Sandro Ruffo

International Journal of Speleology

The authors describe Sinogammarus troglodytes n. gen. n. sp. found in two caves in Sichuan province in China, the first Chinese troglobite of the Gammaridae family (sensu Barnard & Barnard, 1983; 1990). The new genus is discussed and compared with the microphthalmous and anophthalmous genera of Gammaridae, heretofore known in the subterranean waters of the Balkan peninsula and the Caucasus region. The genus Sinogammarus is most closely allied to Gammarus Fabricius and Anopogammarus Derzhavin.

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A New Species Of Troglobius (Collembola, Paronellidae) From Brazil, José G. Palacios-Vargas, Douglas Zeppelini Jan 1994

A New Species Of Troglobius (Collembola, Paronellidae) From Brazil, José G. Palacios-Vargas, Douglas Zeppelini

International Journal of Speleology

Troglobius brasiliensis n. sp. from two caves of Brazil is described and illustrated.

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Towards Regressive Evolution: The Periodic Colour Change Behaviour Of A Troglophilic Fish Nemacheilus Evezardi (Day), Rohit K. Pradhan, Jayant Biswas Jan 1994

Towards Regressive Evolution: The Periodic Colour Change Behaviour Of A Troglophilic Fish Nemacheilus Evezardi (Day), Rohit K. Pradhan, Jayant Biswas

International Journal of Speleology

Present study is an attempt to know the existence of colour change physiology of the cave fish Nemacheilus evezardi (Day) along a circadian time scale. Though, due to subterranean mode of life, practically this function has no survival value. The study has been conducted simultaneously in two different photoperiodic conditions (LD 00: 24 and LD 12:12 hr). The variation in different states of chromatophore has been computed with respect to different time points of the day. Results suggest that the phenomenon is lying completely disturbed in its in situ conditions. Interestingly, circadian rhythm in all the types of chromatophores were …

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Life Cycle And Population Ecology Of The Cave Cricket Dolichopoda Geniculata (Costa) From Valmarino Cave (Central Italy), Glanmaria Carchini, Mauro Rampini, Valerio Sbordoni Jan 1994

Life Cycle And Population Ecology Of The Cave Cricket Dolichopoda Geniculata (Costa) From Valmarino Cave (Central Italy), Glanmaria Carchini, Mauro Rampini, Valerio Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

A D. geniculata population inhabiting a natural cave at low altitude near seashore was followed during two years. The population size, distribution in three age classes, spatial distribution, feeding habits were recorded. The life-cycle was found semivoltine, with overlaps between next choorts in each age class. A comparison to other Dolichopoda showed that the population of Valmarino cave is one of the best adapted to cave life, and this may be related with both historical and present geographical and ecological conditions of the cave.

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Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) From Subterranean Waters Of Bue Marino Cave, Sardinia, And St. Barthélémy Cave, Corsica, And Description Of Three New Species, Vezio Cottarelli, Maria Cristina Bruno Jan 1993

Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) From Subterranean Waters Of Bue Marino Cave, Sardinia, And St. Barthélémy Cave, Corsica, And Description Of Three New Species, Vezio Cottarelli, Maria Cristina Bruno

International Journal of Speleology

Three new species of harpacticoid copepods are described and discussed. Nitocrella beatricis n. sp. has been collected in different hyporheic sites in Sardinia and in two caves (Bue Marino cave in Sardinia and St. Barthélémy cave in Corsica); Elaphoidella janas n. sp. and Parastenocaris triphyda n. sp. have been collected only in Bue Marino cave. Some considerations concerning the ecology and biogeography of the three species are also presented.

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Comparative Performances Of Non-Visual Food Search In The Hypogean Cyprinid Phreatichthys Andruzzii And In The Epigean Relative Barbus Filamentosus, Roberto Berti, Luca Masciarelli Jan 1993

Comparative Performances Of Non-Visual Food Search In The Hypogean Cyprinid Phreatichthys Andruzzii And In The Epigean Relative Barbus Filamentosus, Roberto Berti, Luca Masciarelli

International Journal of Speleology

The anophthalmic hypogean cyprinid Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra shows a more efficient food searching behaviour than blinded specimens of the epigean species Barbus filamentosus Cuvier and Valenciennes. This difference seems to be related to a tendency to swim near the bottom of the aquarium and the behavioural stereotypes in food localization and intake. Both in P. andruzzii and in the blinded B. filamentosus food search is guided by chemical stimulation. Other data indicate that mechanical stimulation could play an important role in the feeding behaviour of the hypogean form. The behavioural analogies in food localization between P. andruzzii and the cave …

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The Cricket Fauna Of Chiapanecan Caves (Mexico): Systematics, Phylogeny And The Evolution Of Troglobitic Life (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae, Luzarinae), Laure Desutter-Grandcolas Jan 1993

The Cricket Fauna Of Chiapanecan Caves (Mexico): Systematics, Phylogeny And The Evolution Of Troglobitic Life (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae, Luzarinae), Laure Desutter-Grandcolas

International Journal of Speleology

The present study deals with the cavernicolous Grylloidea of Chiapas. It details the composition of this fauna, which belongs exclusively to the Phalangopsid group Amphiacustae, and considers its troglobitic evolution in the methodological framework of Comparative Biology. This method consists in analysing the evolution of biological features in reference to phylogeny, using character state optimization. The material studied comes mostly from Italian biospeological expeditions, but also from the authors work in Mexico, from North American biospeological expeditions achieved in Central America and the West Indies, and from the collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, the Museum National …

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The Second Occurrence Of The Troglobic Shrimp Macrobrachium Microps Holthuis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae), In Samoa, Alexander J. Bruce, Thomas M. Iliffe Jan 1993

The Second Occurrence Of The Troglobic Shrimp Macrobrachium Microps Holthuis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae), In Samoa, Alexander J. Bruce, Thomas M. Iliffe

International Journal of Speleology

A single example of Macrobrachium from an anchialine lava tube un Upolu, Samoa, is described and illustrated. The specimen is referred to M. microps Holthuis, 1978, but shows some differences that may be of specific value, which are discussed. The troglobic species of Macrobrachium are reviewed.

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Habitat Use And Gas Bubble Disease In Southern Cavefish (Typhlichthys Subterraneus), Alex L. S. Schubert, Carl D. Nielsen, Douglas B. Noltie Jan 1993

Habitat Use And Gas Bubble Disease In Southern Cavefish (Typhlichthys Subterraneus), Alex L. S. Schubert, Carl D. Nielsen, Douglas B. Noltie

International Journal of Speleology

In situ observations of habitat use by southern cavefish (Typhlichthys subterraneus) in a Missouri, U.S.A. spring suggest that groundwater discharge and that zones of substrate which have large interstitial spaces that fish can enter may be important components of the species habitat. Such substrates may also facilitate smallscale dispersal. In addition, we document the first recorded case of gas bubble disease in a laboratory-held specimen of this species. Cavefish may be particularly susceptible to this malady, and the conditions under which it occurred are important to avoid should captive maintenance or propagation of this or related species be …

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Morphometric Analysis Of Dolines, A. Bondesan, M. Meneghel, U. Sauro Jan 1992

Morphometric Analysis Of Dolines, A. Bondesan, M. Meneghel, U. Sauro

International Journal of Speleology

The doline is the most specific surface form of karst landscapes, which enables one to distinguish them from “normal” erosion landscapes shaped by surface water. From a morphodynamic point of view the doline constitutes an elementary hydrographic unit, comparable to a simple basin, which, with its system of slopes, conveys water to the absorbing points at the bottom into an underground network. The morphometric study of these karst landforms enables a quantitative analysis of karst environment. Comparisons of the various parameters may give unexpected results and lead to new hypotheses about the evolution and the dynamism of the karst “geo-ecosystem”. …

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Revision Of The Genus Troglophilus (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) In Crete, Greece, Dimitrios Kollaros, Kaloust Paragamian, Anastassios Legakis Jan 1991

Revision Of The Genus Troglophilus (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) In Crete, Greece, Dimitrios Kollaros, Kaloust Paragamian, Anastassios Legakis

International Journal of Speleology

The genus Troglophilus (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) from Crete is revised using new data from specimens collected recently. The three previously reported species are considered to be only one, T. spinulosus, on the basis of morphological, ecological and distributional similarities. The species is more fully described and notes are given on its ecology.

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Metabolic Efficiency And Regulation Of Body Weight: A Comparison Between Life In Hypogean And Epigean Ecosystems, Jayant Biswas Jan 1991

Metabolic Efficiency And Regulation Of Body Weight: A Comparison Between Life In Hypogean And Epigean Ecosystems, Jayant Biswas

International Journal of Speleology

In the present study metabolic efficiency in the epigean and hypogean populations of Nemacheilus evezardi (Day) was examined. Different experiments were conducted, in both populations, by keeping them either in restricted oxygen or restricted feeding conditions, including starvation. Results clearly show that the rate of oxygen consumption for the hypogean population was significantly less as compared to its epigean counterpart. Further, results also suggest that the hypogean population has a tremendous capacity to maintain its metabolic activity and regulate its body weight under severe conditions characterized by an absence or a limited supply of food.

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Speciation Of Troglobites: Studies In The San Antonio Cave (Oaxaca, Mexico), Horst Wilkens, Peter Junge, Thomas G. Langecker Jan 1991

Speciation Of Troglobites: Studies In The San Antonio Cave (Oaxaca, Mexico), Horst Wilkens, Peter Junge, Thomas G. Langecker

International Journal of Speleology

The phylogenetically young species community of San Antonio Cave (Oaxaca, Mexico) exemplifies the hypothesis that speciation of troglobites can occur in close contact with epigean predecessors. In a subterranean creek which continues outside with a rich epigean fauna, four troglobitic aquatic crustacean and one fish species (Rhamdia reddelli, Pimelodidae) were studied. Today not a single surface specimen can be found in the cave waters although several epigean species are troglophilic and/or are the ancestors of cave forms in other parts of Mexico. The absence of epigean invaders is attributed to the presence of specimens of some of the …

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Observations On The Biology Of Spelaelacris Tabulae Peringuey (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae), From The Wynberg Cave (Capetown, South Africa), Gianmaria Carchini, Claudio Di Russo, Mauro Rampini Jan 1991

Observations On The Biology Of Spelaelacris Tabulae Peringuey (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae), From The Wynberg Cave (Capetown, South Africa), Gianmaria Carchini, Claudio Di Russo, Mauro Rampini

International Journal of Speleology

Data on the age structure, fecundity, egg morphology and feeding habits of the Spelaeiacris tabulae population from Wynberg cave are reported and compared with other Rhaphidophoridae species. S. tabulae shows a certain degree of adaptation to cave life, as usual in the other temperate species of Rhaphidophoridae.

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Population Size Of Pyrenean Troglobiont Coleopters (Speonomus Species) In A Cave In Belgium, Raymond Tercafs, Christine Brouwir Jan 1991

Population Size Of Pyrenean Troglobiont Coleopters (Speonomus Species) In A Cave In Belgium, Raymond Tercafs, Christine Brouwir

International Journal of Speleology

The population size of three troglobitic species of Speonomus (Coleoptera Bathysciinae) from the Pyrenees, intentionally introduced in 1969-1970 into the “Grotte de Ramioul” cave (Province of Liège, Belgium) has been studied using the mark-recapture technique. It has been shown that the three cave levels possess large Speonomus populations (upper network: 12,718; middle network: 13,902; lower network: 18,249 individuals) and that the superficial underground environment is also colonized, including the schist area. The most abundant species is Speonomus longicornis (relative frequency between 0.73 to 0.89). The two other species are present in the relative frequency between 0.04 and 0.23 for S. …

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Ultrastructure Des Sensilles Cylindriques, Mécanorécepteurs D'Un Crustacé Mysidacé Souterrain, Yves Crouau Jan 1990

Ultrastructure Des Sensilles Cylindriques, Mécanorécepteurs D'Un Crustacé Mysidacé Souterrain, Yves Crouau

International Journal of Speleology

The ultrastructural features of a new chordotonal sensillum in a cavernicolous Mysidacea is described. That sensillum and the other mechanoreceptor sensilla of the same Mysidacea are compared. 9 + 0 cilia show ultrastructural features which previously allowed us to establish a hypothesis with respect to the mode of functioning of chordotonal sensilla. That sensillum shows a pore at the tip of its external receptor.

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Isopoda (Crustacea: Isopoda: Microcharon, Jaera, Proasellus) And Other Fauna In Hypogean Waters Of Southern Cyprus, Boris Sket Jan 1990

Isopoda (Crustacea: Isopoda: Microcharon, Jaera, Proasellus) And Other Fauna In Hypogean Waters Of Southern Cyprus, Boris Sket

International Journal of Speleology

Springs and wells in SW and S part of Cyprus were briefly surveyed. Chlorinity was 0.1 - 0.8 p.p.t. Some isopods were found in collecting galleries of springs and in wells in calcarenites and in gravel deposits. These were Proasellus coxalis ssp. with some depigmented specimens, the probably stygobitic P. c. nanus ssp. n., poorly pigmented Jaera italica, and Microcharon luciae n. sp.; they were accompanied by the stygobitic amphipod Bogidiella cypria, by Turbellaria (Tricladida), by Copepoda (Cyclopoida), and rarely by some other animals (Pisidium sp., Oligochaeta). Only slightly depigmented Turbellaria Tricladida (cf. Dugesia sp.) occur in …

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Secondary Sympatric Occurrence Of Sibling Species Of Subterranean Shrimps In The Karst, M. Cobolli Sbordoni, M. Mattoccia, G. La Rosa, E. De Matthaeis, V. Sbordoni Jan 1990

Secondary Sympatric Occurrence Of Sibling Species Of Subterranean Shrimps In The Karst, M. Cobolli Sbordoni, M. Mattoccia, G. La Rosa, E. De Matthaeis, V. Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

Allozyme variation at 32 gene loci was studied in cave dwelling shrimps of the genus Troglocaris (fam. Atyidae). Populations were collected from several caves and wells belonging to different drainage systems in the Karst areas of NE Italy. Results suggest the existence of two sympatric, genetically distinct, biological species (provisionally indicated as species A and B in the T. anophthalmus complex) in the samples collected at the Duino Well, Sagrado and Comarie caves (Nei’s `D= 0.209). Samples from Gradisca and Aurisina are represented by only one (A) or the other (B) of the two species, respectively. Two remaining eastern populations …

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