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Articles 151 - 180 of 386
Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
The Use Of Green Pond Conglomerate As Building Stone In Morris County, New Jersey, Gregory A. Pope
The Use Of Green Pond Conglomerate As Building Stone In Morris County, New Jersey, Gregory A. Pope
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Green Pond Conglomerate (GPC) is a maroon colored quartzite with white quartz pebbles, a classic “puddingstone”. GPC derives from a NW-SW-trending sliver of Paleozoic sediments, the “Green Pond Outlier”, surrounded by older metamorphic and igneous rocks of Morris and Passaic Counties. Buildings, retaining walls, field fences, and monuments incorporate the durable and attractive stone, in a distinct geographic area of Morris County. Several instances of structures completely constructed or faced with GPC occur in and around Morristown, limited to affluent houses and one prominent church. In these cases, GPC stones were dressed and faced, a labor-intensive effort. Elsewhere in the …
Two Distinct Episodes Of Marine Anoxia During The Permian-Triassic Crisis Evidenced By Uranium Isotopes In Marine Dolostones, Feifei Zhang, Shu Zhong Shen, Ying Cui, Timothy M. Lenton, Tais W. Dahl, Hua Zhang, Quan Feng Zheng, Wenqian Wang, Karl Krainer, Ariel D. Anbar
Two Distinct Episodes Of Marine Anoxia During The Permian-Triassic Crisis Evidenced By Uranium Isotopes In Marine Dolostones, Feifei Zhang, Shu Zhong Shen, Ying Cui, Timothy M. Lenton, Tais W. Dahl, Hua Zhang, Quan Feng Zheng, Wenqian Wang, Karl Krainer, Ariel D. Anbar
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The end-Permian mass extinction (EPME; ca. 251.94 Ma) is the most severe mass extinction in the geological record. Detailed paleobiological investigations show a very rapid EPME event, and recently published δ238U data show a large negative excursion and thus a massive shift to globally expanded anoxia at the main extinction phase in the latest Permian. The negative shift in δ238U is in correlation with a globally characterized negative δ13C excursion near the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB). In some highly expanded PTB carbonate sections, however, there are two distinct negative δ13C excursions whereas uranium …
Assessment Of Public Awareness, Acceptance And Attitudes Towards Renewable Energy In Kenya., Sydney Oluoch, Pankaj Lal, Andres Susaeta, Neeraj Vedwan
Assessment Of Public Awareness, Acceptance And Attitudes Towards Renewable Energy In Kenya., Sydney Oluoch, Pankaj Lal, Andres Susaeta, Neeraj Vedwan
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Public opinion of different energy sources is critical for the planning of future energy portfolios. The public has an active role to play in the development of energy policy and operation of the energy market. However, in developing nations, studies involving public opinion on renewable energy are lacking. Public acceptability and reception to renewable energy are important because of their relationship to policymaking, especially in democratic societies. Most studies of renewable energy diffusion, however, take a top-down approach, focusing exclusively on the policymakers, while neglecting the grassroots perspectives. This study presents an assessment of public awareness, acceptance, and attitude towards …
A 23 M.Y. Record Of Low Atmospheric Co2, Ying Cui, Brian A. Schubert, A. Hope Jahren
A 23 M.Y. Record Of Low Atmospheric Co2, Ying Cui, Brian A. Schubert, A. Hope Jahren
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Current atmospheric CO2 concentration is known to be higher than it has been during the past ~800 k.y. of Earth history, based on direct measurement of CO2 within ice cores. A comparison to the more ancient past is complicated by a deficit of CO2 proxies that may be applied across very long spans of geologic time. Here, we present a new CO2 record across the past 23 m.y. of Earth history based on the δ13C value of terrestrial C3 plant remains, using a method applicable to the entire ~400 m.y. history of C3 photosynthesis on land. Across the …
Assessment Of Switchgrass-Based Bioenergy Supply Using Gis-Based Fuzzy Logic And Network Optimization In Missouri (U.S.A.), Gia Nguyen, Erik Lyttek, Pankaj Lal, Taylor Wieczerak, Pralhad Burli
Assessment Of Switchgrass-Based Bioenergy Supply Using Gis-Based Fuzzy Logic And Network Optimization In Missouri (U.S.A.), Gia Nguyen, Erik Lyttek, Pankaj Lal, Taylor Wieczerak, Pralhad Burli
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Bioenergy has been globally recognized as one of the sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. An assured supply of biomass feedstocks is a crucial bottleneck for the bioenergy industry emanating from uncertainties in land-use changes and future prices. Analytical approaches deriving from geographical information systems (GIS)-based analysis, mathematical modeling, optimization analyses, and empirical techniques have been widely used to evaluate the potential for bioenergy feedstock. In this study, we propose a three-phase methodology integrating fuzzy logic, network optimization, and ecosystem services assessment to estimate potential bioenergy supply. The fuzzy logic analysis uses multiple spatial criteria to identify suitable biomass cultivating regions. …
Foliar Application Of Low Concentrations Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles To The Common Sunflower Under Field Conditions, Marek Kolenčík, Dávid Ernst, Martin Urík, Ľuba Ďurišová, Marek Bujdoš, Martin Šebesta, Edmund Dobročka, Samuel Kšiňan, Ramakanth Illa, Qian Yu, Huan Feng, Ivan Černý, Veronika Holišová, Gabriela Kratošová
Foliar Application Of Low Concentrations Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles To The Common Sunflower Under Field Conditions, Marek Kolenčík, Dávid Ernst, Martin Urík, Ľuba Ďurišová, Marek Bujdoš, Martin Šebesta, Edmund Dobročka, Samuel Kšiňan, Ramakanth Illa, Qian Yu, Huan Feng, Ivan Černý, Veronika Holišová, Gabriela Kratošová
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Nano-fertilisers have only recently been introduced to intensify plant production, and there still remains inadequate scientific knowledge on their plant-related effects. This paper therefore compares the effects of two nano-fertilisers on common sunflower production under field conditions. The benefits arising from the foliar application of micronutrient-based zinc oxide fertiliser were compared with those from the titanium dioxide plant-growth enhancer. Both the zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were delivered by foliar application in nano-size at a concentration of 2.6 mg·L−1. The foliar-applied nanoparticles (NPs) had good crystallinity and a mean size distribution under 30 nm. …
Joint Use Of Advanced Oxidation Process (Aop) And Advanced Reduction Process (Arp) For Alleviation Of Leachate Organic Matter (Lom), Ali Albalgane
Joint Use Of Advanced Oxidation Process (Aop) And Advanced Reduction Process (Arp) For Alleviation Of Leachate Organic Matter (Lom), Ali Albalgane
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Landfilling is the dominant municipal solid waste (MSW) management option in the United States and many other countries. Leachate management and treatment represent an essential component in sustainable management of landfills. However, leachate organic matter (LOM) present in landfill leachate challenges existing treatment practices. The long-term goal of this study is to develop innovative treatment technologies for mitigation of LOM impacts for supporting sustainability in waste management and wastewater treatment. The overall objective of this thesis research aimed to investigate technical performance of the joint use of advanced oxidation process (AOP) and advanced reduction process (ARP) for treatment of mature …
Paleoenvironment Reconstruction Of The Eocene Southeastern Tethys Using Geochemistry Of Sedimentary Rocks, Liliana CalderóN Convers
Paleoenvironment Reconstruction Of The Eocene Southeastern Tethys Using Geochemistry Of Sedimentary Rocks, Liliana CalderóN Convers
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The Early Eocene hyperthermals are a series of transient global warming events that occurred between 54.09 and 52.63 Ma, and are considered as ancient analogues for future climate change. These hyperthermal events are well studied in the deep sea sites, but have not been investigated in the eastern Tethys Ocean. Here, we report new major and trace element geochemistry and stable carbon isotope data of the Early Eocene strata deposited in a shallow marine foreland basin prior to the main stage of India-Asian continent collision at Qumiba section in the Tingri County, southern Tibet. These geochemical data are used to …
Modeling The Evolution Of A Coupled Barrier-Marsh-Lagoon System : Insights From The New Jersey Coastline, Christopher Tenebruso
Modeling The Evolution Of A Coupled Barrier-Marsh-Lagoon System : Insights From The New Jersey Coastline, Christopher Tenebruso
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Barriers and their associated backbarrier environments protect populated centers and infrastructure from storm impacts, support biodiversity, and provide a number of ecosystem services. Despite their socio-economic and ecological importance, the response of coupled barrier-backbarrier environments to sea-level rise is yet poorly understood. Undeveloped barrier-backbarrier systems typically respond to sea level rise through the process of landward migration, driven by storm overwash, tidal fluxes, and inland marsh upland expansion. Such response, however, can be largely affected by development and engineering activities such as dredging and shoreline stabilization techniques (e.g., seawalls, groins, beach replenishment). To better understand the difference in the response …
The Behavior Of The Baltic Sea Ice Stream During The Deglaciation Of The Baltic Ice Lake, Recorded In The Particle Size And Geochemistry Within Bornholm Basin, Iodp Site M0065, Mathew Lucas Sandefur
The Behavior Of The Baltic Sea Ice Stream During The Deglaciation Of The Baltic Ice Lake, Recorded In The Particle Size And Geochemistry Within Bornholm Basin, Iodp Site M0065, Mathew Lucas Sandefur
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
IODP 347 Site M0065 was drilled to assess the last deglaciation of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) within the southern Baltic Sea Basin (BSB) from ~20 ka BP. Site M0065 was drilled in the Baltic Sea within the Bornholm Basin in a water depth of 87m. It provided the opportunity to study the development of the Baltic Ice Lake (BIL), which occupied the southern BSB between ~17 and 11 ka. Previous studies in this area looking at glacial till and surface exposure dates have dated the deglaciation of Bornholm Island, and consequently Site M0065, at ~16.3 ka BP. A visual …
Water Quality And Management Challenges In Urban New Jersey, Alessandra Rossi
Water Quality And Management Challenges In Urban New Jersey, Alessandra Rossi
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Exacerbation of extreme weather events and increasing urbanization are facilitating the pathway of pollutants towards the waterbodies with freshwater ecosystems being impacted more than terrestrial and marine ecosystems by anthropogenic stressors. We addressed here the three major threats to freshwater ecosystems, pathogens, litter, and eutrophication, integrating scientific findings with management inputs at the watershed level. We evaluated the relationship between environmental variables measurements and Escherichia coli counts with the intent to develop equations capable of predicting near-real-time E. coli concentrations in two riverine ecosystems to help decision makers in assessments of recreational safety. Results showed that the cumulative rainfall for …
Storm Surges In The Bohai Sea: The Role Of Waves And Tides, Yuanyi Li, Huan Feng, Guillaume Vigouroux, Dekui Yuan, Guangyu Zhang, Xiaodi Ma, Kun Lei
Storm Surges In The Bohai Sea: The Role Of Waves And Tides, Yuanyi Li, Huan Feng, Guillaume Vigouroux, Dekui Yuan, Guangyu Zhang, Xiaodi Ma, Kun Lei
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
A storm surge is a complex phenomenon in which waves, tide and current interact. Even though wind is the predominant force driving the surge, waves and tidal phase are also important factors that influence the mass and momentum transport during the surge. Devastating storm surges often occur in the Bohai Sea, a semi-enclosed shallow sea in North China, due to extreme storms. However, the effects of waves on storm surges in the Bohai Sea have not been quantified and the mechanisms responsible for the higher surges that affect part of the Bohai Sea have not been thoroughly studied. In this …
Socioeconomic Analyses Of Renewable Energy Options For Sub-Saharan Africa : A Regional And National Approach, Sydney Oluoch
Socioeconomic Analyses Of Renewable Energy Options For Sub-Saharan Africa : A Regional And National Approach, Sydney Oluoch
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The energy demands of future Sub Saharan African (SSA) economies will be primarily driven by population and economic development. The expected primary challenge will be meeting the increased energy demands while mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This can be achieved by reducing dependence on fossil fuels and transitioning towards renewable sources of energy. This dissertation aims at assessing renewable energy options for SSA through three primary objectives. First, we provided insight into the scope, trends, and focus of renewable energy research in SSA by quantitatively reviewing scientific articles. The approach allowed us to determine the geographical scope, different types of …
Reconstructing Deep-Ocean Circulation During Cenozoic Climate Transitions From The Marine Sediment Record, Brian Romans
Reconstructing Deep-Ocean Circulation During Cenozoic Climate Transitions From The Marine Sediment Record, Brian Romans
Sustainability Seminar Series
Ocean circulation plays a critical role in the Earth’s climate system through the storage and transfer of heat and carbon dioxide. The North Atlantic and Southern Ocean are of particular interest because these are regions where deep-water components of global circulation develop. Dr. Romans uses the deep-sea sedimentary record to reconstruct past ocean circulation and its relationship to past climatic and tectonic conditions. He integrates information from a broad range of spatial and temporal scales, from seismic-reflection data that reveals regional sedimentation patterns to high resolution records based on quantitative grain-size analysis from cores. Dr. Romans will present research from …
The Role Of Island-Marsh Couplings In The Long-Term Sustainability Barrier Islands In The Face Of Accelerated Sea-Level Rise, Christopher Hein
The Role Of Island-Marsh Couplings In The Long-Term Sustainability Barrier Islands In The Face Of Accelerated Sea-Level Rise, Christopher Hein
Sustainability Seminar Series
Barrier islands are one of the most ubiquitous features of the coast . . . at least here along the US East Coast, which accounts for >10% of the world’s barrier islands. Little more than large, partially vegetated, subaerial sand bars, barrier island provide for recreation, ecosystem services, and protection of mainland communities from storm impacts. They are also some of the most dynamic features on earth, constantly changing in the face of waves, tides, wind, and currents. With examples from northern Massachusetts and the Virginia Eastern Shore, this talk will focus on the long-term sustainability of barrier islands, and …
Extensive Marine Anoxia Associated With The Late Devonian Hangenberg Crisis, Feifei Zhang, Tais W. Dahl, Timothy M. Lenton, Genming Luo, Shu Zhong Shen, Thomas J. Algeo, Noah Planavsky, Jiangsi Liu, Ying Cui, Wenkun Qie, Stephen J. Romaniello, Ariel D. Anbar
Extensive Marine Anoxia Associated With The Late Devonian Hangenberg Crisis, Feifei Zhang, Tais W. Dahl, Timothy M. Lenton, Genming Luo, Shu Zhong Shen, Thomas J. Algeo, Noah Planavsky, Jiangsi Liu, Ying Cui, Wenkun Qie, Stephen J. Romaniello, Ariel D. Anbar
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The global Hangenberg Crisis near the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary (DCB) represents one of the major Phanerozoic mass extinction events, which shaped the roots of modern vertebrate biodiversity. Marine anoxia has been cited as the proximate kill mechanism for this event. However, the detailed timing, duration, and extent of global marine redox chemistry changes across this critical interval remain controversial because most of the studies to date only constrain changes in local or regional redox chemistry. Thus, opinions on the significance of anoxia as a kill mechanism are variable—from anoxia being a primary driver to being relatively unimportant. In this study, we …
Statistical Analysis Of Nutrient Loads From The Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (Marb) To The Gulf Of Mexico, Phyllis Okwan, Yi Zhen, Huan Feng, Shinjae Yoo, Murty S. Kambhampati, Abreione Walker, Shayne Boykin, Joe Omojola, Noel Blackburn
Statistical Analysis Of Nutrient Loads From The Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (Marb) To The Gulf Of Mexico, Phyllis Okwan, Yi Zhen, Huan Feng, Shinjae Yoo, Murty S. Kambhampati, Abreione Walker, Shayne Boykin, Joe Omojola, Noel Blackburn
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This study investigated the annual and seasonal variations in nutrient loads (NO2− + NO3− and orthophosphate) delivered to the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) and examined the water quality variations. The results indicate that (1) annually, the mean NO2− + NO3− and orthophosphate loads showed a steady increase during 1996–1999, a persistent level during 2000–2007, and a moderate increase during 2008–2016; (2) seasonally, NO2− + NO3− and orthophosphate in MARB in spring and summer were higher than those in autumn and winter. Analysis of …
Environmental Forensics Of Complexly Contaminated Sites: A Complimentary Fingerprinting Approach, Michael A. Kruge, Azucena Lara-Gonzalo, José Luis Gallego
Environmental Forensics Of Complexly Contaminated Sites: A Complimentary Fingerprinting Approach, Michael A. Kruge, Azucena Lara-Gonzalo, José Luis Gallego
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The environmental forensics approach is most often applied in petroleum and fuel spill incidents, for which sophisticated chemical fingerprinting procedures have evolved. In cases in which pollutant discharges occur in settings with prior contamination, more care must be taken in source discrimination, requiring further advances in methodology. Additional obstacles can arise if the spill is an atypical industrial discharge. This would necessitate painstaking characterization of unfamiliar substances lying outside of existing regulatory regimes and thus overlooked by mandated analytical protocols (i.e., contaminants of emerging concern). Towards these ends, this paper presents a systematic, multi-faceted GC-MS approach using the saturated, aromatic, …
Characterization Of Coal Particles In The Soil Of A Former Rail Yard And Urban Brownfield: Liberty State Park, Jersey City (Nj), Usa, Diane F. Hagmann, Michael A. Kruge, Nina M. Goodey, Jennifer Adams Krumins
Characterization Of Coal Particles In The Soil Of A Former Rail Yard And Urban Brownfield: Liberty State Park, Jersey City (Nj), Usa, Diane F. Hagmann, Michael A. Kruge, Nina M. Goodey, Jennifer Adams Krumins
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
From the 1850's until the 1960's, the Central Railroad of New Jersey was among several major railways shipping anthracite and bituminous coal to the New York City area, transferring coal from railcar to barge at its extensive rail yard and port facility in Jersey City. The 490 ha Liberty State Park was developed on the site after the rail yard closed, but a ca. 100 ha brownfield zone within the park remains off limits to visitors pending future remediation. As part of an environmental forensic and industrial archeological investigation of this zone, the present study characterizes anthracite and bituminous coal …
Green Strategic Planning Approach For International Shipping Activities, Xiaofang Wu, Luoping Zhang, Huan Feng
Green Strategic Planning Approach For International Shipping Activities, Xiaofang Wu, Luoping Zhang, Huan Feng
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Sustainability is a long-term and ultimate goal for international shipping, although it is slowly making progress. The shipping perspective that moves away from “port-to-port” operations to “door-to-door” services also requires international shipping to take a long-term and holistic view instead of fragmented efforts. How to achieve the long-term sustainability goal becomes a key issue for door-to-door international shipping. Hence, green strategic planning for door-to-door international shipping was proposed with green development that puts forward the eco-centric point of view as its basic theory for sustainability. This study used a strategic decision-making approach, a so-called multi-dimensional decision-making (MDDM), coupled with the …
Quantifying Ocean Acidification In The Geologic Record Using The B/Ca Ratio Of Planktic Foraminifera Shells, Laura Haynes
Quantifying Ocean Acidification In The Geologic Record Using The B/Ca Ratio Of Planktic Foraminifera Shells, Laura Haynes
Sustainability Seminar Series
56 million years ago, the Earth underwent a rapid climate change event called the “Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum” (PETM). Sedimentary records show that a massive amount of carbon was released into the atmosphere, causing ocean acidification, warming, and a widespread extinction of deep-sea organisms. Reconstructing the source and amount of carbon released during the PETM has been a major focus for paleoclimatologists as we seek to understand how the Earth system will respond to modern carbon emissions and warming. To help quantify ocean acidification at the PETM, we are using the boron content (the B/Ca ratio) of the shells of …
Effect Of Foliar Spray Application Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles On Quantitative, Nutritional, And Physiological Parameters Of Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica L.) Under Field Conditions, Marek Kolenčík, Dávid Ernst, Matej Komár, Martin Šebesta, Martin Urík, Edmund Dobročka, Ivan Černý, Ramakanth Illa, Raghavendra Kanike, Qian Yu, Huan Feng, Denisa Orlová, Gabriela Kratošová
Effect Of Foliar Spray Application Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles On Quantitative, Nutritional, And Physiological Parameters Of Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica L.) Under Field Conditions, Marek Kolenčík, Dávid Ernst, Matej Komár, Martin Šebesta, Martin Urík, Edmund Dobročka, Ivan Černý, Ramakanth Illa, Raghavendra Kanike, Qian Yu, Huan Feng, Denisa Orlová, Gabriela Kratošová
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
It has been shown that the foliar application of inorganic nano-materials on cereal plants during their growth cycle enhances the rate of plant productivity by providing a micro-nutrient source. We therefore studied the effects of foliarly applied ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Setaria italica L. foxtail millet’s quantitative, nutritional, and physiological parameters. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the ZnO NPs have an average particle size under 20 nm and dominant spherically shaped morphology. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry then confirmed ZnO NP homogeneity, and X-ray diffraction verified their high crystalline and wurtzite-structure symmetry. Although plant height, thousand grain weight, and grain …
Capability Of Sentinel-2 Msi Data For Monitoring And Mapping Of Soil Salinity In Dry And Wet Seasons In The Ebinur Lake Region, Xinjiang, China, Jingzhe Wang, Jianli Ding, Danlin Yu, Xuankai Ma, Zipeng Zhang, Xiangyu Ge, Dexiong Teng, Xiaohang Li, Jing Liang, Ivan Lizaga, Xiangyue Chen, Lin Yuan, Yahui Guo
Capability Of Sentinel-2 Msi Data For Monitoring And Mapping Of Soil Salinity In Dry And Wet Seasons In The Ebinur Lake Region, Xinjiang, China, Jingzhe Wang, Jianli Ding, Danlin Yu, Xuankai Ma, Zipeng Zhang, Xiangyu Ge, Dexiong Teng, Xiaohang Li, Jing Liang, Ivan Lizaga, Xiangyue Chen, Lin Yuan, Yahui Guo
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Soil salinization is one of the most important causes for land degradation and desertification and is an important threat to land management, farming activities, water quality, and sustainable development in arid and semi-arid areas. Soil salinization is often characterized with significant spatiotemporal dynamics. The salt-affected soil is predominant in the Ebinur Lake region in the Northwestern China. However, detailed local soil salinity information is ambiguous at the best due to limited monitoring techniques. Nowadays, the availability of Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) onboard Sentinel-2, offers unprecedented perspectives for the monitoring and mapping of soil salinity. The use of MSI data is an …
Usable Science For Managing The Risks Of Sea-Level Rise, Robert E. Kopp, Elisabeth A. Gilmore, Christopher M. Little, Jorge Lorenzo-Trueba, Victoria C. Ramenzoni, William V. Sweet
Usable Science For Managing The Risks Of Sea-Level Rise, Robert E. Kopp, Elisabeth A. Gilmore, Christopher M. Little, Jorge Lorenzo-Trueba, Victoria C. Ramenzoni, William V. Sweet
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Sea-level rise sits at the frontier of usable climate climate change research, because it involves natural and human systems with long lags, irreversible losses, and deep uncertainty. For example, many of the measures to adapt to sea-level rise involve infrastructure and land-use decisions, which can have multigenerational lifetimes and will further influence responses in both natural and human systems. Thus, sea-level science has increasingly grappled with the implications of (1) deep uncertainty in future climate system projections, particularly of human emissions and ice sheet dynamics; (2) the overlay of slow trends and high-frequency variability (e.g., tides and storms) that give …
Stakeholders’ Perceptions Of Geographical Criteria For Loblolly Pine Management For Bioenergy Production In Virginia, Meghann Smith, Gia Nguyen, Taylor Wieczerak, Bernabas Wolde, Pankaj Lal, John Munsell
Stakeholders’ Perceptions Of Geographical Criteria For Loblolly Pine Management For Bioenergy Production In Virginia, Meghann Smith, Gia Nguyen, Taylor Wieczerak, Bernabas Wolde, Pankaj Lal, John Munsell
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This study analyzed the perceptions of four stakeholder groups (forest landowners, private forest consultants, forest management researchers or educators, and federal or state agency foresters), regarding their management practices and preferred geographic growing conditions of loblolly pine in Virginia by combining AHP (analytical hierarchy process) and regression modeling. By ranking the importance of different geographical conditions for managing loblolly pine, we aimed to identify ways to support loblolly growth as a potential feedstock for biofuel generation. We achieved this through collecting survey responses from 43 stakeholders during the 2019 Virginia Forestry Summit. The results showed that the landowner, researcher/educator, and …
A Geomorphic Enthalpy Method: Description And Application To The Evolution Of Fluvial-Deltas Under Sea-Level Cycles, William Anderson, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba, Vaughan Voller
A Geomorphic Enthalpy Method: Description And Application To The Evolution Of Fluvial-Deltas Under Sea-Level Cycles, William Anderson, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba, Vaughan Voller
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Fluvial deltas are composites of two primary sedimentary environments: a depositional fluvial region and an offshore region. The fluvial region is defined by two geomorphic moving boundaries: an alluvial-bedrock transition (ABT), which separates the sediment prism from the non-erodible bedrock basement, and the shoreline (SH), where the delta meets the ocean. The trajectories of these boundaries in time and space define the evolution of the shape of the sedimentary prism, and are often used as stratigraphic indicators, particularly in seismic studies, of changes in relative sea level and the identification of stratigraphic sequences. In order to better understand the relative …
Disinfection Byproduct Formation During Drinking Water Treatment And Distribution: A Review Of Unintended Effects Of Engineering Agents And Materials, Shunke Ding, Yang Deng, Tom Bond, Chao Fang, Zhongqi Cao, Wenhai Chu
Disinfection Byproduct Formation During Drinking Water Treatment And Distribution: A Review Of Unintended Effects Of Engineering Agents And Materials, Shunke Ding, Yang Deng, Tom Bond, Chao Fang, Zhongqi Cao, Wenhai Chu
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Unintended effects of engineering agents and materials on the formation of undesirable disinfection byproducts (DBPs)during drinking water treatment and distribution were comprehensively reviewed. Specially, coagulants, biologically active filtration biofilms, activated carbons, nanomaterials, ion-exchange resins, membrane materials in drinking water treatment and piping materials, deposits and biofilms within drinking water distribution systems were discussed, which may serve as DBP precursors, transform DBPs into more toxic species, and/or catalyze the formation of DBPs. Speciation and quantity of DBPs generated rely heavily on the material characteristics, solution chemistry conditions, and operating factors. For example, quaternary ammonium polymer coagulants can increase concentrations of N-nitrosodimethylamine …
International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 382 Preliminary Report: Iceberg Alley And Subantarctic Ice And Ocean Dynamics, Michael E. Weber, Maureen E. Raymo, Trevor Williams, Linda Armbrecht, Ian Bailey, Stefanie Brachfeld, Zhiheng Du, Gerson Fauth, Marga Garcia, Anna Glüder, Michelle Guitard, Marcus Gutjahr, Sidney Hemming, Ivan Hernandez-Almeid, Frida S. Hoem, Ji Hwan Hwang, Mutsumi Iizuka, Yuji Kato, Bridget K. Lee, Yasmina M. Martos, Suzanne O'Connell, Victoria L. Peck, Lara F. Perez, Brendan Reilly, Thomas A. Ronge, Osamu Seki, Lisa Tauxe, Shubham Tripathi, Jonathan Warnock, Xufeng Zheng, Fabricio G. Cardillo, Anthony D. Mello
International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 382 Preliminary Report: Iceberg Alley And Subantarctic Ice And Ocean Dynamics, Michael E. Weber, Maureen E. Raymo, Trevor Williams, Linda Armbrecht, Ian Bailey, Stefanie Brachfeld, Zhiheng Du, Gerson Fauth, Marga Garcia, Anna Glüder, Michelle Guitard, Marcus Gutjahr, Sidney Hemming, Ivan Hernandez-Almeid, Frida S. Hoem, Ji Hwan Hwang, Mutsumi Iizuka, Yuji Kato, Bridget K. Lee, Yasmina M. Martos, Suzanne O'Connell, Victoria L. Peck, Lara F. Perez, Brendan Reilly, Thomas A. Ronge, Osamu Seki, Lisa Tauxe, Shubham Tripathi, Jonathan Warnock, Xufeng Zheng, Fabricio G. Cardillo, Anthony D. Mello
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 382, Iceberg Alley and Subantarctic Ice and Ocean Dynamics, investigated the long-term climate history of Antarctica, seeking to understand how polar ice sheets responded to changes in insolation and atmospheric CO2in the past and how ice sheet evolution influenced global sea level and vice versa. Five sites (U1534-U1538) were drilled east of the Drake Passage: two sites at 53.2°S at the northern edge of the Scotia Sea and three sites at 57.4°-59.4°S in the southern Scotia Sea. We recovered continuously deposited late Neogene sediment to reconstruct the past history and variability in Antarctic Ice …
Microbial Community, Functioning, And Its Relationship With Heavy Metals In An Urban Brownfield, Jay Prakash Singh
Microbial Community, Functioning, And Its Relationship With Heavy Metals In An Urban Brownfield, Jay Prakash Singh
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The ubiquity of urban brownfields presents a challenge for environmental managers for managing degraded ecosystems that are in close contact with human habitation. Presence of metal contaminants in brownfields further complicate the matters as it cannot be degraded and hence pose a high risk to human and environmental health, and well-being of the local community. However, previous studies indicate that management and restoration of brownfields are possible through the use of low input longer term and sustainable remediation approaches. These sustainable approaches include the use of plants, fungi, and bacteria to increase soil function and mitigate risks from the contaminants. …
Assessment Of Mean Annual Precipitation And Pco₂ Effect On C₃ Land Plant Carbon Isotope Fractionation, Woohee Kim
Assessment Of Mean Annual Precipitation And Pco₂ Effect On C₃ Land Plant Carbon Isotope Fractionation, Woohee Kim
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Modern carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are well known from instrumental observation (just exceeded 415 ppmv on May 13th, 2019). CO2 levels (pCO2) in the past, however, are difficult to obtain, especially for geologic time older than 800 thousand years (kyr). Many proxies have been used to infer past CO2 levels in the geologic records, but the results are often incomplete and inconsistent. Here, I assess the uncertainty of a new pCO2 proxy that has great potential to reconstruct continuous pCO2 records across the entire Phanerozoic. This new proxy is based on stable …