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Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Information Security
The Cyber Simulation Terrain: Towards An Open Source Cyber Effects Simulation Ontology, Kent O'Sullivan, Benjamin Turnbull
The Cyber Simulation Terrain: Towards An Open Source Cyber Effects Simulation Ontology, Kent O'Sullivan, Benjamin Turnbull
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Cyber resilience is characterised by an ability to understand and adapt to changing network conditions, including cyber attacks. Cyber resilience may be characterised by an effects-based approach to missions or processes. One of the fundamental preconditions underpinning cyber resilience is an accurate representation of current network and machine states and what missions they are supporting. This research outlines the need for an ontological network representation, drawing on existing literature and implementations in the domain. This work then introduces an open-source ontological representation for modelling cyber assets for the purposes of Computer Network Defence. This representation encompasses computers, network connectivity, users, …
A Hybrid Feature Selection For Network Intrusion Detection Systems: Central Points, Nour Moustafa, Jill Slay
A Hybrid Feature Selection For Network Intrusion Detection Systems: Central Points, Nour Moustafa, Jill Slay
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Network intrusion detection systems are an active area of research to identify threats that face computer networks. Network packets comprise of high dimensions which require huge effort to be examined effectively. As these dimensions contain some irrelevant features, they cause a high False Alarm Rate (FAR). In this paper, we propose a hybrid method as a feature selection, based on the central points of attribute values and an Association Rule Mining algorithm to decrease the FAR. This algorithm is designed to be implemented in a short processing time, due to its dependency on the central points of feature values with …
Is The Internet The Main Medium Of Transmitting Terrorism?, Hatem El Zein
Is The Internet The Main Medium Of Transmitting Terrorism?, Hatem El Zein
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The influx of virtual media platforms has allowed extremists and terrorists to transmit their messages to wider audiences without passing through a gatekeeper or being a subject to editorial policies existed in traditional media outlets. Thus, extremists and terrorists exploit virtual media platforms to report their actions; propagate their ideologies and ultimately to boost their objectives, because these mediums enabled them to have control over time and space. As a result, some governments work to deprive extremists and terrorists from this 'oxygen' through monitoring the cyberspace to block the suspected virtual media platforms. The reactions of some governments to face …
Prerequisites For Creating Resources And Compositions For Cyber Defence, Tuija Kuusisto, Rauno Kuusisto
Prerequisites For Creating Resources And Compositions For Cyber Defence, Tuija Kuusisto, Rauno Kuusisto
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The aim of this paper is to increase understanding about the prerequisites which evolving cyber society sets for actors, activities and structures of the defenders of society. The research proposes an approach for identifying, analysing and scheduling these prerequisites for decision-making. The paper presents results of two case studies where the proposed approach is applied. The case studies indicate that in the future compositions are needed for forming of joint defence cyber community and resources for joining this community in affordable and beneficial ways. These are the next steps on the strategic path to jointly defended cyber community of global …
Design Requirements For Generating Deceptive Content To Protect Document Repositories, Ben Whitham
Design Requirements For Generating Deceptive Content To Protect Document Repositories, Ben Whitham
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
For nearly 30 years, fake digital documents have been used to identify external intruders and malicious insider threats. Unfortunately, while fake files hold potential to assist in data theft detection, there is little evidence of their application outside of niche organisations and academic institutions. The barrier to wider adoption appears to be the difficulty in constructing deceptive content. The current generation of solutions principally: (1) use unrealistic random data; (2) output heavily formatted or specialised content, that is difficult to apply to other environments; (3) require users to manually build the content, which is not scalable, or (4) employ an …
15th Australian Information Warfare Conference, 2014, Edith Cowan University - Conference Details, Security Research Institute, Edith Cowan University
15th Australian Information Warfare Conference, 2014, Edith Cowan University - Conference Details, Security Research Institute, Edith Cowan University
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
No abstract provided.
Detecting Covert Communication Channels In Raster Images, Brian Cusack, Jarrett Chambers
Detecting Covert Communication Channels In Raster Images, Brian Cusack, Jarrett Chambers
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Digital image steganography is a method for hiding secret messages within everyday Internet communication channels. Such covert communications provide protection for communications and exploit the opportunities available in digital media. Digital image steganography makes the nature and content of a message invisible to other users by taking ordinary internet artefacts and using them as cover objects for the messages. In this paper we demonstrate the capability with raster image files and discuss the challenges of detecting such covert communications. The contribution of the research is community awareness of covert communication capability in digital media and the motivation for including such …
Penetration Of Zigbee-Based Wireless Sensor Networks, Michael N. Johnstone, Jeremy A. Jarvis
Penetration Of Zigbee-Based Wireless Sensor Networks, Michael N. Johnstone, Jeremy A. Jarvis
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Wireless Sensor Networks are becoming popular as a simple means of collecting data by public utilities, motor vehicle manufacturers and other organisations. Unfortunately the devices on such networks are often insecure by default, which presents problems in terms of the integrity of the data provided across those networks. This paper explores a range of attacks that were successful on a network consisting of nodes using the ZigBee protocol stack and proposes defences that can be put in place to circumvent these attacks thus leading to more secure systems and increasing user confidence.
Designing A Knowledge Distribution Simulator, Martin Hill, Graham Fletcher
Designing A Knowledge Distribution Simulator, Martin Hill, Graham Fletcher
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
To make good decisions, we need to be suitably informed. 'Good' and 'Suitably' in this case depend on the informational needs of the decision and the mechanisms of getting the information to the decision maker in time. The trade-offs in qualities, quantities, timeliness, impacts on other activities, and so on are infamously wickedly complex, and usually buried in a clutter of special circumstances, personality characteristics, environments unsuitable for study, and so on. Decision-making systems can be explored using case studies and exercises, but these are limited by the expense and time of using real people. A virtual simulator for large …
Designing Cyber Warfare Information Infrastructure Resilience, Semir Daskapan, Jan Van Der Berg
Designing Cyber Warfare Information Infrastructure Resilience, Semir Daskapan, Jan Van Der Berg
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Due to many cyber attacks in the last years, governments are realizing how vulnerable they have become should there be a break out of a cyberwar. This urged them to establish a cyber warfare information infrastructure in a short time. However, this cyber warfare information infrastructure relies heavily on public infrastructures, like electricity and the Internet, which will be most likely targeted themselves. Therefore, a cyber warfare information infrastructure is by definition a vulnerable infrastructure that needs to be secured against attacks and made resilient. In this paper, we provide a method inspired by the theory of Complex Adaptive Systems …
Australian Critical Infrastructure Protection: A Case Of Two Tales, Matthew Warren, Graeme Pye, William Hutchinson
Australian Critical Infrastructure Protection: A Case Of Two Tales, Matthew Warren, Graeme Pye, William Hutchinson
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The protection of critical infrastructures and the choices made in terms of priorities and cost, all impact upon the planning, precautions and security aspects of protecting these important systems. Often the when choices made is difficult to assess at the time the decision is taken and it is only after an incident that the truth of the choices made become fully evident. The paper focuses on two recent examples of Australian Critical Infrastructure protection and the issues that related to those examples.
Influence Operations: Action And Attitude, William Hutchinson
Influence Operations: Action And Attitude, William Hutchinson
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
This paper investigates the relationships between attitudes, behaviour and influence. The major objective of influence operations is predominantly to exert soft power and in doing this there is an assumption that it will change attitudes. It is assumed that by changing attitudes favourable to the influencer that behaviours will be changed. However, this is a problematic assumption. Influence operations whose messages seem to contradict the real behaviour of the influencer tends to nullify the message; and, in fact, might reinforce the attitudes and behaviours of the foe and begin to alienate friends. Messages should be based on a credible reality; …
Success Of Agile Environment In Complex Projects, Abbass Ghanbary, Julian Day
Success Of Agile Environment In Complex Projects, Abbass Ghanbary, Julian Day
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
This paper discusses the impact of agile methodology in complex and modular interrelated projects based on the authors’ practical experience and observations. With the advancement of Web technologies and complex computer systems, business applications are able to transcend boundaries in order to fully meet business requirements and comply with the legislation, policies and procedures. The success of software development as well as software deployment of these complex applications is dependent upon the employed methodology and project management. This is so because employed methodology plays an important position in capturing and modeling of business requirements and project management helps to ensure …
International Relations And Cyber Attacks: Official And Unofficial Discourse, Kay Hearn, Patricia A H Williams, Rachel J. Mahncke
International Relations And Cyber Attacks: Official And Unofficial Discourse, Kay Hearn, Patricia A H Williams, Rachel J. Mahncke
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The potential for cyberwarfare is vast and is of concern to all nations, and national security defence. It appears that many countries are actively trying to protect their computer networks, whilst looking for ways that might bring down the networks of other countries, although this is not officially acknowledged. Bringing down another nations computer networks could give the attacking national intelligence and control. These kinds of interactions are now a part of the way in which international relations are played out, and the internet is also a place in which international relations are contested. As such the internet plays a …
2d Spatial Distributions For Measures Of Random Sequences Using Conjugate Maps, Qingping Li, Jeffrey Zhi J. Zheng
2d Spatial Distributions For Measures Of Random Sequences Using Conjugate Maps, Qingping Li, Jeffrey Zhi J. Zheng
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Advanced visual tools are useful to provide additional information for modern information warfare. 2D spatial distributions of random sequences play an important role to understand properties of complex sequences. This paper proposes time-sequences from a given logical function of 1D Cellular Automata in both Poincare map and conjugate map. Multiple measure sequences of Markov chains can be used to display spatial distributions using conjugate maps. Measure sequences recursively produced by different logical functions generating maps. Possible complementary feature exits between pair functions, Conjugate symmetry relationships between a pair of logical functions in conjugate maps can be observed.
Wikileaks: The Truth Or Not, Ian Rosewall, Matthew J. Warren
Wikileaks: The Truth Or Not, Ian Rosewall, Matthew J. Warren
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
We live in the Information Age, an age where information is shared in a global context and in real time. The issue is whether all information should be disclosed. In the ‘Information Age’ do secrets still exist? Another major issue is whether groups of vigilantes are the ones who should be disclosing this information, should these vigilante groups be trusted? This paper will focus upon the impact of Wikileaks and the problem of Information disclosure especially when that information is confidential. It will identify cases for discussion. In the main these cases will be of a military flavour.
Information Warfare: Time For A Redefinition, Patricia A H Williams
Information Warfare: Time For A Redefinition, Patricia A H Williams
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Information warfare has become an increasingly diverse field. The changes to its composition have been primarily driven by changes in technology and the resulting increased access to information. Further, it has been the progressively more diverse methods available for communication that has fuelled expanding applications for information warfare techniques into non-military environments. In order for younger generations of students to understand the place of information warfare in the larger security picture, there is a need to shift the emphasis from many of the military underpinnings to its relevance in modern society and the challenges in the commercial environment. This paper …
Ascent Of Asymmetric Risk In Information Security: An Initial Evaluation., Tobias Ruighaver, Matthew Warren, Atif Ahmad
Ascent Of Asymmetric Risk In Information Security: An Initial Evaluation., Tobias Ruighaver, Matthew Warren, Atif Ahmad
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Dramatic changes in the information security risk landscape over several decades have not yet been matched by similar changes in organizational information security, which is still mainly based on a mindset that security is achieved through extensive preventive controls. As a result, maintenance cost of information security is increasing rapidly, but this increased expenditure has not really made an attack more difficult. The opposite seems to be true, information security attacks have become easier to perpetrate and appear more like information warfare tactics. At the same time, the damage caused by a successful attack has increased significantly and may sometimes …
When You Can't See The Forest For The Domains: Why A Two Forest Model Should Be Used To Achieve Logical Segregation Between Scada And Corporate Networks, Andrew Woodward, Brett Turner
When You Can't See The Forest For The Domains: Why A Two Forest Model Should Be Used To Achieve Logical Segregation Between Scada And Corporate Networks, Andrew Woodward, Brett Turner
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The increasing convergence of corporate and control systems networks creates new challenges for the security of critical infrastructure. There is no argument that whilst this connection of what was traditionally an isolated network, to a usually internet enabled corporate network, is unavoidable, segregation must be maintained. One such challenge presented is how to properly and appropriately configure an active directory environment to allow for exchange of required data, but still maintain the security goal of separation of the two networks. This paper argues that while separate domains may seem to achieve this goal, the reality is that a domain is …
A Holistic Scada Security Standard For The Australian Context, Christopher Beggs
A Holistic Scada Security Standard For The Australian Context, Christopher Beggs
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems which control Australia’s critical infrastructure are currently demonstrating signs of vulnerabilities as they are being interconnected to corporate networks, essentially exposing them to malicious threats. This paper discusses the vulnerabilities associated with SCADA systems, as well as discussing various SCADA standards and initiatives that have been developed in recent years to mitigate such threats. The paper presents the requirement for a holistic SCADA security standard that is practical and feasible for each SCADA industry sector.
Visualisation Of Critical Infrastructure Failure, W D. Wilde, M J. Warren
Visualisation Of Critical Infrastructure Failure, W D. Wilde, M J. Warren
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The paper explores the complexity of critical infrastructure and critical infrastructure failure (CIF), real life examples are used to discuss the complexity involved. The paper then discusses what Visualisation is and how Visualisation can be applied to a security situation, in particular critical infrastructure. The paper concludes by discussing the future direction of the research.
Media, Government And Manipulation: The Cases Of The Two Gulf Wars, William Hutchinson
Media, Government And Manipulation: The Cases Of The Two Gulf Wars, William Hutchinson
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
This paper explores the bias and manipulation of the Western mass media during the Gulf wars of 1991 and 2003. The tactics of compliance and the ethics of the press and journalists are examined. The need for a pluralist press is extolled.
Protecting Critical Infrastructure With Games Technology, Adrian Boeing, Martin Masek, Bill Bailey
Protecting Critical Infrastructure With Games Technology, Adrian Boeing, Martin Masek, Bill Bailey
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
It is widely recognised that there is a considerable gap in the protection of the national infrastructure. Trying to identify what is in fact ‘critical’ is proving to be very difficult as threats constantly evolve. An interactive prototyping tool is useful in playing out scenarios and simulating the effect of change, however existing simulators in the critical infrastructure area are typically limited in the visual representation and interactivity. To remedy this we propose the use of games technology. Through its use, critical infrastructure scenarios can be rapidly constructed, tested, and refined. In this paper, we highlight the features of games …
Information Sharing: Hackers Vs Law Enforcement, David P. Biros, Mark Weiser, Jim Burkman, Jason Nichols
Information Sharing: Hackers Vs Law Enforcement, David P. Biros, Mark Weiser, Jim Burkman, Jason Nichols
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The fields of information assurance and digital forensics continue to grow in both importance and complexity, spurred on by rapid advancement in digital crime. Contemporary law enforcement professionals facing such issues quickly discover that they cannot be successful while operating in a vacuum and turn to colleagues for assistance. However, there is a clear need for greater IT-based knowledge sharing capabilities amongst law enforcement organizations; an environment historically typified by a silo mentality. A number of efforts have attempted to provide such capabilities, only to be met with limited enthusiasm and difficulties in sustaining continued use. Conversely, the hacker community …
Security Metrics - A Critical Analysis Of Current Methods, Manwinder Kaur, Andy Jones
Security Metrics - A Critical Analysis Of Current Methods, Manwinder Kaur, Andy Jones
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
This paper documents and analyses a number of security metrics currently in popular use. These will include government standards and commercial methods of measuring security on networks. It will conclude with a critical look at some of the problems and challenges faced when using the metrics available today, and also with the development of new metrics.
Virtual Radicalisation: Challenges For Police, Simon O'Rourke
Virtual Radicalisation: Challenges For Police, Simon O'Rourke
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Recent advances in communications technology are providing a medium for individuals or groups to subscribe to extremist worldviews and form networks, access training and obtain information, whilst remaining virtually undetected in the online world. Whilst the Internet is facilitating global virtual communities like Second Life, MySpace and Facebook it is also providing an anonymous meeting place for disenfranchised individuals to gather, share ideas, post and exchange information regarding their particular ideology. This virtual community provides a sense of belonging to a global cause in which the actions of an individual can be aligned to, and seen to contribute towards something …
Critical Infrastructure Systems Modelling: Benchmarking Cpntools, Graeme Pye, Matthew J. Warren
Critical Infrastructure Systems Modelling: Benchmarking Cpntools, Graeme Pye, Matthew J. Warren
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
This paper reports on the application of systems modelling benchmarks to determine the viability of systems modelling software and its suitability for modelling critical infrastructure systems. This research applies the earlier research that related to developing benchmarks that when applied to systems modelling software will indicate its likely suitability to modelling critical infrastructure systems. In this context, the systems modeling benchmarks will assess the practicality of CPNTools to the task of modelling critical infrastructure systems.
Managing Analysis, David Shaw
Managing Analysis, David Shaw
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
The Intelligence profession requires effective management to function properly and professional discourse highlights the changing nature of intelligence work. Highlighted “failures” are linked to organizational structures and ethos, and proposals to address the problems include discussion of human and organizational factors with recommendations that address the issues. However, optimising the intelligence process may not be a simple case of applying management techniques as the work relies substantially on individual endeavour. Innovative management techniques are needed and these should be grounded in recognising the peculiar nature of analysis and the skill set required.
Commercial Critical Systems And Critical Infrastructure Protection: A Future Research Agenda, Matthew J. Warren, Shona Leitch
Commercial Critical Systems And Critical Infrastructure Protection: A Future Research Agenda, Matthew J. Warren, Shona Leitch
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Secure management of Australia’s commercial critical infrastructure presents ongoing challenges to owners and the government. Although it is currently managed through high-level information sharing via collaboration, but does this suit the commercial sector. One of the issues facing Australia is that the majority of critical infrastructure resides under the control of the business sector and certain aspects such of the critical infrastructure such as Supply Chain Management (SCM) systems are distributed entities and not a single entity. The paper focuses upon the security issues associated with SCM systems and critical infrastructure protection
Space As A New Sphere Of Future Information Warfare, Martti Lehto
Space As A New Sphere Of Future Information Warfare, Martti Lehto
Australian Information Warfare and Security Conference
Air power has seen constant development from the Wright Flyer’s first flight at Kitty Hawk on December 17, 1903 via the advent of the jet age with the service entry of the Messerschmitt Me 262 in 1942, to today’s multirole fighters (F-35 Joint Strike Fighter) and stealth aircraft (B-2 Spirit multi-role bomber). As a result of this evolution of one hundred years air power has emerged as a central component in power projection. As General William Mitchell said: ”Neither armies nor navies can exist unless the air is controlled over them.” (Mitchell 1925, xv)We have witnessed a corresponding development in …