Databases and Information Systems Commons^™

Large-Scale Spatial Data Management On Modern Parallel And Distributed Platforms, Simin You

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Rapidly growing volume of spatial data has made it desirable to develop efficient techniques for managing large-scale spatial data. Traditional spatial data management techniques cannot meet requirements of efficiency and scalability for large-scale spatial data processing. In this dissertation, we have developed new data-parallel designs for large-scale spatial data management that can better utilize modern inexpensive commodity parallel and distributed platforms, including multi-core CPUs, many-core GPUs and computer clusters, to achieve both efficiency and scalability. After introducing background on spatial data management and modern parallel and distributed systems, we present our parallel designs for spatial indexing and spatial join query …

Mobile App Tagging, Ning Chen, Steven C. H. Hoi, Shaohua Li, Xiaokui Xiao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Mobile app tagging aims to assign a list of keywords indicating core functionalities, main contents, key features or concepts of a mobile app. Mobile app tags can be potentially useful for app ecosystem stakeholders or other parties to improve app search, browsing, categorization, and advertising, etc. However, most mainstream app markets, e.g., Google Play, Apple App Store, etc., currently do not explicitly support such tags for apps. To address this problem, we propose a novel auto mobile app tagging framework for annotating a given mobile app automatically, which is based on a search-based annotation paradigm powered by machine learning techniques. …

Online Advertising, Retail Platform Openness, And Long Tail Sellers, Jianqing Chen, Zhiling Guo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

No abstract provided.

Negative Factor: Improving Regular-Expression Matching In Strings, Xiaochun Yang, Tao Qiu, Bin Wang, Baihua Zheng, Yaoshu Wang, Chen Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The problem of finding matches of a regular expression (RE) on a string exists in many applications such as text editing, biosequence search, and shell commands. Existing techniques first identify candidates using substrings in the RE, then verify each of them using an automaton. These techniques become inefficient when there are many candidate occurrences that need to be verified. In this paper we propose a novel technique that prunes false negatives by utilizing negative factors, which are substrings that cannot appear in an answer. A main advantage of the technique is that it can be integrated with many existing algorithms …

Online Cross-Modal Hashing For Web Image Retrieval, Liang Xie, Jialie Shen, Lei Zhu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Cross-modal hashing (CMH) is an efficient technique for the fast retrieval of web image data, and it has gained a lot of attentions recently. However, traditional CMH methods usually apply batch learning for generating hash functions and codes. They are inefficient for the retrieval of web images which usually have streaming fashion. Online learning can be exploited for CMH. But existing online hashing methods still cannot solve two essential problems: Efficient updating of hash codes and analysis of cross-modal correlation. In this paper, we propose Online Cross-modal Hashing (OCMH) which can effectively address the above two problems by learning the …

Copyright Law And The Supply Of Creative Work: Evidence From The Movies, Ivan Paak Liang Png, Qiu-Hong Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

There is almost no empirical evidence on the extent to whichcopyright law works in the sense of increasing the production of creative work.Here, we study the impact of two major changes in copyright law – the extensionof copyright term and the European Rental Directive – on the production ofmovies. In a panel of 23 OECD countries, among which 19 extendedcopyright term at various times between 1991–2005, we found no statisticallyrobust evidence that copyright term extension was associated with higher movie production.In a panel of 17 European countries between 1991–2005, wefound no statistically robust evidence that compliance with the RentalDirective was …

Efficient Collective Spatial Keyword Query Processing On Road Networks, Yunjun Gao, Jingwen Zhao, Baihua Zheng, Gang Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The collective spatial keyword query (CSKQ), an important variant of spatial keyword queries, aims to find a set of the objects that collectively cover users' queried keywords, and those objects are close to the query location and have small inter-object distances. Existing works only focus on the CSKQ problem in the Euclidean space, although we observe that, in many real-life applications, the closeness of two spatial objects is measured by their road network distance. Thus, existing methods cannot solve the problem of network-based CSKQ efficiently. In this paper, we study the problem of collective spatial keyword query processing on road …

Exploring Heterogeneous Features For Query-Focused Summarization Of Categorized Community Answers, Wei Wei, Zhaoyan Ming, Liqiang Nie, Guohui Li, Jianjun Li, Feida Zhu, Tianfeng Shang, Changyin Luo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Community-based question answering (cQA) is a popular type of online knowledge-sharing web service where users ask questions and obtain answers contributed by others. To enhance knowledge sharing, cQA also provides users with a retrieval function to access the historical question-answer pairs (QAs). However, it is still ineffective in that the retrieval result is typically a ranking list of potentially relevant QAs, rather than a succinct and informative answer. To alleviate the problem, this paper proposes a three-level scheme, which aims to generate a query-focused summary-style answer in terms of two factors, i.e., novelty and redundancy. Specifically, we first retrieve a …

Online Learning Of Arima For Time Series Prediction, Chenghao Liu, Hoi, Steven C. H., Peilin Zhao, Jianling Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) is one of the most popular linear models for time series forecasting due to its nice statistical properties and great flexibility. However, its parameters are estimated in a batch manner and its noise terms are often assumed to be strictly bounded, which restricts its applications and makes it inefficient for handling large-scale real data. In this paper, we propose online learning algorithms for estimating ARIMA models under relaxed assumptions on the noise terms, which is suitable to a wider range of applications and enjoys high computational efficiency. The idea of our ARIMA method is to …

Accurate Online Video Tagging Via Probabilistic Hybrid Modeling, Jialie Shen, Meng Wang, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Accurate video tagging has been becoming increasingly crucial for online video management and search. This article documents a novel framework called comprehensive video tagger (CVTagger) to facilitate accurate tag-based video annotation. The system applies both multimodal and temporal properties combined with a novel classification framework with hierarchical structure based on multilayer concept model and regression analysis. The advanced architecture enables effective incorporation of both video concept dependency and temporal dynamics. Using a large-scale test collection containing 50,000 YouTube videos, a set of empirical studies have been carried out and experimental results demonstrate various advantages of CVTagger over the state-of-the-art techniques.

Online Multi-Modal Distance Metric Learning With Application To Image Retrieval, Pengcheng Wu, Steven C. H. Hoi, Peilin Zhao, Chunyan Miao, Zhi-Yong Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Distance metric learning (DML) is an important technique to improve similarity search in content-based image retrieval. Despite being studied extensively, most existing DML approaches typically adopt a single-modal learning framework that learns the distance metric on either a single feature type or a combined feature space where multiple types of features are simply concatenated. Such single-modal DML methods suffer from some critical limitations: (i) some type of features may significantly dominate the others in the DML task due to diverse feature representations; and (ii) learning a distance metric on the combined high-dimensional feature space can be extremely time-consuming using the …

Multiagent-Based Route Guidance For Increasing The Chance Of Arrival On Time, Zhiguang Cao, Hongliang Guo, Jie Zhang, Ulrich Fastenrath

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Transportation and mobility are central to sustainable urban development, where multiagent-based route guidance is widely applied. Traditional multiagent-based route guidance always seeks LET (least expected travel time) paths. However, drivers usually have specific expectations, i.e., tight or loose deadlines, which may not be all met by LET paths. We thus adopt and extend the probability tail model that aims to maximize the probability of reaching destinations before deadlines. Specifically, we propose a decentralized multiagent approach, where infrastructure agents locally collect intentions of concerned vehicle agents and formulate route guidance as a route assignment problem, to guarantee their arrival on time. …

Task-Based User Profiling For Query Refinement (Toque), Chao Xu

Dissertations

The information needs of search engine users vary in complexity. Some simple needs can be satisfied by using a single query, while complicated ones require a series of queries spanning a period of time. A search task, consisting of a sequence of search queries serving the same information need, can be treated as an atomic unit for modeling user’s search preferences and has been applied in improving the accuracy of search results. However, existing studies on user search tasks mainly focus on applying user’s interests in re-ranking search results. Only few studies have examined the effects of utilizing search tasks …

The Global Rock-Art Database Project Towards Machine Learning: Building A Collaborative Open Source Platform For Heritage Management From Information Structure To Information Visualization Using Australian Heritage Examples, Robert Haubt

Staff Scholarship - Australia & Dubai

This guest talk, presented at Lava Lab at the University of Hawaiʻi, explores the intersection of collaboration, data ontology, and information visualization in advancing machine learning within the Global Rock Art Database project. Drawing on insights from the project’s first four years, the talk emphasizes the critical need for cultural heritage preservation by systematically recording and structuring global rock art data in accessible and sustainable ways. This effort not only supports public education on rock art but also facilitates scholarly research.

Key discussions include advancements in data ontology using the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM) for semantic data management …

Software Interoperability And The Pods Openhds System, Benjamin S. Heasly Ms

All Student Scholarship

This work addressed challenges of software system interoperability faced by the Open Health and Demographics Surveillance System (OpenHDS). OpenHDS is a distributed application for demographic data collection which was used during a public health intervention in Equatorial Guinea. Specific challenges faced during this intervention included offline data collection and synchronization, changing data collection and software requirements, data size and system performance, and correction of software and data collection errors. This work produced in a new system, the PODS OpenHDS System, which applied four design themes in order to address these challenges: Polymorphism, developer Operations, Declarative style, and Self-description.

Creating A Better World With Information And Communication Technologies: Health Equity, Sajda Qureshi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

When news broke on 23rd July 2014, that a case of the deadly virus Ebola had been confirmed in Lagos, home to about 21 million people and a major transportation hub, the World held its breath. If not contained, this virus could spread quickly killing a multitude of people around the World. By 15th October, cases of Ebola had been recorded around the World: Liberia reported 4249 cases with 2458 deaths, Sierra Leone reported 3252 cases with 1183 deaths, Guinea 1472 cases with 843 deaths, Nigeria reported 20 cases with 8 deaths, the USA reported 3 cases and 1 death, …

Watertight And 2-Manifold Surface Meshes Using Dual Contouring With Tetrahedral Decomposition Of Grid Cubes, Tanweer Rashid, Sharmin Sultana, Michel A. Audette

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

The Dual Contouring algorithm (DC) is a grid-based process used to generate surface meshes from volumetric data. The advantage of DC is that it can reproduce sharp features by inserting vertices anywhere inside the grid cube, as opposed to the Marching Cubes (MC) algorithm that can insert vertices only on the grid edges. However, DC is unable to guarantee 2-manifold and watertight meshes due to the fact that it produces only one vertex for each grid cube. We present a modified Dual Contouring algorithm that is capable of overcoming this limitation. Our method decomposes an ambiguous grid cube into a …

Leveraging Client Processing For Location Privacy In Mobile Local Search, Wisam Mohamed Eltarjaman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Usage of mobile services is growing rapidly. Most Internet-based services targeted for PC based browsers now have mobile counterparts. These mobile counterparts often are enhanced when they use user's location as one of the inputs. Even some PC-based services such as point of interest Search, Mapping, Airline tickets, and software download mirrors now use user's location in order to enhance their services. Location-based services are exactly these, that take the user's location as an input and enhance the experience based on that. With increased use of these services comes the increased risk to location privacy. The location is considered an …

Optimizing Campus Mobility With A Focus On Sustainability: A Graph Theory Approach To Intra-Campus Transportation Networks, Quinn Nelson, Donald Steffensmeier, Sachin Pawaskar

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

The idea of public transportation is supported by most in theory but often heavily criticized by users when put into application. There are common tensions that are related to public transportation, as described by frequent users: unreliable, too crowded, and slow. The University of Nebraska-Omaha (UNO) is a growing metropolitan institution that uses a shuttle system to transport students among their three campuses daily. As of 2015, the current total student enrollment is approximately 16,000; UNO plans to enroll 20,000 students by 2020. The expected student growth is also reflected by the current construction of new buildings and expansion of …

Providing Hands-On Training With Bioinformatics Databases: A Collaboration Between Vcu Libraries & Wright Center For Clinical And Translational Research, Karen H. Gau, Julie A. Arendt, Amy Olex, Aaron R. Wolen

VCU Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Background
With the goal of increasing specialized services for researchers, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Libraries sent its basic science librarians to an intensive training on bioinformatics databases, “A Librarian’s Guide to NCBI.” VCU’s Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research (Wright CCTR) was expanding the educational component of its bioinformatics support around the same time. This year, the librarians partnered with the Wright CCTR to offer an introductory bioinformatics database workshop introducing researchers to genetic/genomic databases.

Methods
For one week in June, sessions were conducted introducing up to 30 faculty and staff to The Cancer Genome Atlas and NCBI’s Gene, …

Organizational And Systems Factors Leading To Systems Integration Success After Merger And Acquisition, Monika Glazar-Stavnicky

ETD Archive

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are a common technique used by companies to grow and enter new markets. The success rate of these transactions continues to be less than desired. Information Systems (IS) have been proven to be a key component influencing the success of mergers. While numerous factors have been found to lead to systems integration success, the studies have not analyzed the fit that is required when two organizations and systems are joined. This research focuses on the match between organizational variables of competencies and processes of two merging companies, as well as the match between systems variables of …

The Relation Between Patient Education And Picc Line Occlusion, Patricia Louise Petroulias

Wayne State University Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of using an electronic tablet to supplement patient and caregiver education about PICC line maintenance and to compare the percentage of PICC line complications in the intervention group with national percentage rates for patients and caregivers. Newly diagnosed cancer patients who had PICC lines inserted participated in this study. They used an electronic tablet to learn the 10 steps for flushing their PICC lines correctly. They also met with the researcher via FaceTime to review the steps.

A total of 11 patients participated in this quasi-experimental pilot study. They completed …

Assessing Information Technology And Business Alignment In Local City Government, Leslie Milbourne D'Anjou

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Top executives are interested in more transparent and formalized structures, applicable measurements, and clear justification of alignment. Limited or improper information technology governance (ITG) affects the business strategy that will ultimately influence the overall business alignment in local city government agencies (LCGAs). The problem addressed in this study was the lack of information regarding LCGAs IT/business strategic alignment maturity model (SAMM) level and the LCGAs' employment size. The purpose of this survey study was to evaluate 48 LCGA participants in the Southwestern part of the United States and compare their alignment perceptions with their cities' employment size. The theoretical framework …

Falls And Related Injuries Based On Surveillance Data: U.S. Hospital Emergency Departments, George K. Quarranttey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Falls can lead to unintentional injuries and possibly death, making falls an important public health problem in terms of related health care cost, incurred disabilities, and years of life lost. Approximately 1 in every 3 Americans ages 65 years and older is at risk of falling at least once every year. Children, young adults, and middle-aged adults are also vulnerable to falls. The purpose of this study was to examine the epidemiology of falls and fall-related injuries using surveillance data from nationally representative samples of hospital emergency departments in United States. The study was guided by a social-ecological model on …

Effects Of An Integrated Electronic Health Record On An Academic Medical Center, Kenneth E. Koppenhaver Ii

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The debate about healthcare reform revolves around a triple aim of improving the health of populations, improving the patient experience, and reducing the cost of care. A major tool discussed in this debate has been the adoption of electronic health record (EHR) systems to record and guide care delivery. Due to low adoption rates and limited examples of success, the problem was a lack of understanding by healthcare organizations of how the EHR fundamentally changes an organization through the interactions of people, processes, and technology over time. The purpose of this case study was to explore the people, processes, and …

A Multisite Hospital's Transition To An Interoperable Electronic Health Records System, Valerie Gerene Drill

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The health care industry is transforming into an industry that requires health information technology, yet many health care organizations are reluctant to implement new technology. The purpose of this case study was to explore strategies that led to a successful transition from an older electronic health record (EHR) system to a compliant EHR system at a multisite hospital system (MHS). The study included face-to-face and phone interviews with 12 managers who worked on the transition of an MHS's EHR system in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The technology acceptance model was used to frame the study. Audio …

Exploring The Cybersecurity Hiring Gap, Adam O. Pierce

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cybersecurity is one of the fastest growing segments of information technology. The Commonwealth of Virginia has 30,000 cyber-related jobs open because of the lack of skilled candidates. The study is necessary because some business managers lack strategies for hiring cybersecurity professionals for U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) contracts. The purpose of this case study was to explore strategies business managers in DoD contracting companies used to fill cybersecurity positions. The conceptual framework used for this study was the organizational learning theory. A purposeful sample of 8 successful business managers with cybersecurity responsibilities working for U.S. DoD contracting companies that successfully …

Exploring Factors Influencing Information Technology Portfolio Selection Process In Government-Funded Bioinformatics Projects, Braulio J. Cabral

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2012, the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Board of Scientific Advisors (BSA) conducted a review of the Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology's (CBIIT) bioinformatics program. The BSA suggested that the lack of a formal project selection process made it difficult to determine the alignment of projects with the mission of the organization. The problem addressed by this study was that CBIIT did not have an in-depth understanding of the project selection process and the factors influencing the process. The purpose of this study was to understand the project selection process at CBIIT. The research methodology was an exploratory …

Exploring Strategies That It Leaders Use To Adopt Cloud Computing, Zeeshan H. Khan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information Technology (IT) leaders must leverage cloud computing to maintain competitive advantage. Evidence suggests that IT leaders who have leveraged cloud computing in small and medium sized organizations have saved an average of $1 million in IT services for their organizations. The purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies that IT leaders use to adopt cloud computing for their organizations. The target population consisted of 15 IT leaders who had experience with designing and deploying cloud computing solutions at their organization in Long Island, New York within the past 2 years. The conceptual framework of this …

An Exploration Of Baby Boomer Mass Retirement Effects On Information Systems Organizations, Nithyanandam Mathiyazhagan Mathiyazhagan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The potential knowledge loss from Baby Boomer generation employee retirements can negatively affect information systems organizations. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenology study was to explore the lived experiences of the leaders and managers of information systems organizations as they tried to maintain operational continuity after Baby Boomer worker retirements. The impact of this issue was the operational continuity after the Baby Boomer worker retirement. The social impact of this issue was the knowledge loss events that might result in business loss or even bankruptcy. McElroy's knowledge life cycle model was the conceptual framework for this study that included knowledge …