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Articles 31 - 60 of 63

Full-Text Articles in Databases and Information Systems

Deep Learning Model Compression Techniques: Advances, Opportunities, And Perspective, Hubert Msuya Jun 2023

Deep Learning Model Compression Techniques: Advances, Opportunities, And Perspective, Hubert Msuya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Recently, deep learning (DL) models have excelled in a wide range of fields. All of these successes are built on intricate DL models. The hundreds of millions or even billions of parameters and high-performance computing graphical processing units or tensor processing units are largely responsible for their achievement. DL model integration into real-time devices with tight latency limitations, limited memory, and power-constrained requirements is the key driving force behind investigation of DL model compression techniques. Also, there is an increase in data availability that encourages multimodal fusion in DL models to boost the models' predictive accuracy. In order to create …

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Path Of Trust: An Off-Chain Performance Enhancement Algorithm For Public Blockchains, Anthony Kigombola Jun 2023

Path Of Trust: An Off-Chain Performance Enhancement Algorithm For Public Blockchains, Anthony Kigombola

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Blockchain technology is one among the latest innovations in computing industry. Blockchains have gathered widespread interest in the industry due to their potential as secure data storage. Despite the potential benefits of blockchains, there are several limitations which hinders mass deployment, one of these limitations being low throughput. Low throughput has limited blockchain adoption in large scale applications such as banking or mobile payments. This study addresses this limitation through development of a performance enhancement algorithm called Path of Trust (PoT). PoT uses off-chain stratergy in which transactions meeting certain criteria bypass the main chain and sent direct to the …

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Assessment Of Spatial Variability Of Groundwater Levels In Moroto District, Uganda, Augustina Clara Alexander Dr Jun 2023

Assessment Of Spatial Variability Of Groundwater Levels In Moroto District, Uganda, Augustina Clara Alexander Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Globally, the variation of groundwater levels is increasingly overwhelming due to over exploitation resulting from population growth. The dynamic nature of socio-economic activities in Moroto District such as agriculture, settlements and increased trends in irrigation technology has been well-known worldwide as common parameters triggering groundwater variability. Nevertheless, determination of groundwater levels for groundwater management and development purpose is a challenge due to spatial variability in levels across Moroto District. In this study, geostatistical technique in Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to analyze spatial variability of water levels in the study area. The analysis utilized ordinary Kriging method to predict …

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The Use Of Online Social Media Platforms By Tanzania Journalists To Produce And Disseminate Development News, Elisha Magolanga Dec 2022

The Use Of Online Social Media Platforms By Tanzania Journalists To Produce And Disseminate Development News, Elisha Magolanga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Advancement in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are revolutionizing Development Journalism (DJ) into an effective strategy for building competitive economies globally. However, many countries in Africa including Tanzania are slow in tapping potentials of ICT for development journalism. Digital penetration in the form of the Internet and social media are changing the way in which journalists are mobilizing and engaging communities in journalism practises, a key strategy for a competitive digitalised economy. This paper was guided by Development Communication Theory and Diffusion of Innovation Theory to explore the use of online social media by journalists in Tanzania to practice development …

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Investigating The Support For Agility In Developing Government Software Systems: A Case Of Three East African Countries, Leonard Peter Binamungu Dec 2022

Investigating The Support For Agility In Developing Government Software Systems: A Case Of Three East African Countries, Leonard Peter Binamungu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Agile Software Development Methods support an iterative and incremental way of developing software systems while responding to change by prioritising various aspects at different times. This differs from traditional sequential methods like Waterfall, in which one software development stage has to be completed before starting the next stage. To produce software systems that meet the requirements of their institutions, several governments in Africa have issued standards and guidelines to be followed during the development of government software systems. Such standards and guidelines specify the specific activities and deliverables for each stage of software development. While well-intentioned, such guidelines and standards …

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On Blockchain Performance Enhancement: A Systematic Map Of Strategies Used, Anthony Kigombola Dec 2022

On Blockchain Performance Enhancement: A Systematic Map Of Strategies Used, Anthony Kigombola

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Blockchain technology is one among the recent innovations in the computing industry. Blockchains have gathered a widespread interest in the industry mainly due to their security promise. Despite the anticipated benefits of Blockchains, there are several limitations which make the technology less suitable in large scale applications such as banking, one being low throughput. Several initiatives to improve the throughput of Blockchains are being tried out both in the academia and the business worlds but no systematic classification of the initiatives and the strategies used has been done. This study explores Blockchain performance improvement initiatives and classify the initiatives by …

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28 Ghz Patch Antenna Array With Reduced Mutual Coupling For 5g Communications Systems, Rahabu F. Mwang’Amba, Hashimu Uledi Iddi Aug 2022

28 Ghz Patch Antenna Array With Reduced Mutual Coupling For 5g Communications Systems, Rahabu F. Mwang’Amba, Hashimu Uledi Iddi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A 28 GHz patch antenna array with reduced mutual coupling for 5G communication systems is presented in this paper. Two elements antenna array was simulated with a periodic boundary to represent an infinity array. The antenna array is attached with a pair of the coupled directional coupler with a coupling value of -3.47 dB, and transmission lengths of 3.40 mm and 7.62 mm depending on the antenna array's magnitude and phase coefficient were designed and simulated. A reduced mutual coupling of -31.86 dB compared to -10.75 dB for an array without a decoupling network was observed. The wide scanning angle …

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Machine Learning Approach For Classifying Power Outage In Secondary Electric Distribution Network, Stephan Mgaya, Hellen Maziku Jul 2022

Machine Learning Approach For Classifying Power Outage In Secondary Electric Distribution Network, Stephan Mgaya, Hellen Maziku

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Power outage is the problem that hinders social and economic development especially for developing countries like Tanzania. Frequent power outages damage electric equipment, and negatively affect the industrial production process. Power outages cannot be completely eradicated due to uncontrolled cause like natural calamities but technical challenges can be managed and hence reducing power outages. The existing manual methods used to locate power outage like customer calls is inefficient and time consuming. On the other hand, modern method like the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) still faces a challenge in effectively classifying power line outage due to the nature of imbalanced datasets. …

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Big Data Analytics Framework For Effective Higher Education Institutions, George Matto Jul 2022

Big Data Analytics Framework For Effective Higher Education Institutions, George Matto

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

There has been an increased dependency on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in undertaking various activities in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) ecosystems. Because of that, huge volumes of data have increasingly been generated. There have been, for instance, considerable amounts of data generated through electronic platforms involved in students’ admission and registration process, students’ academic records management, teaching and learning data, curriculum related data, and several other administrative data. Analysis of data generated from these platforms stands to give students, lecturers, HEIs Management, policy makers and implementers, and other stakeholders useful insights that would help in improving HEIs’ effectiveness. Unfortunately, …

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An Iot Based Worker Safety Helmet Using Cloud Computing Technology, Yuthriya Iddi Khamis, Mahmoud Alawi, Waheed Muhammad Sanya Jul 2022

An Iot Based Worker Safety Helmet Using Cloud Computing Technology, Yuthriya Iddi Khamis, Mahmoud Alawi, Waheed Muhammad Sanya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Miner safety and security is a major challenge around the world due to the exposure to toxic gases that are frequently released in underground mines. Miners' health is adversely affected primarily by toxic gases, which endanger the workers' lives. Furthermore, human sensory abilities do not detect these dangerous gases. As a result, this paper proposes a safety monitoring system that includes a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and gas sensors to detect harmful gases and alert miners to those harmful gases using the smart helmet they wear. These gases are transmitted to the control station via the cloud using Internet of …

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Real-Time Data Analytics For Monitoring Electricity Consumption Using Iot Technology, Waheed Muhammad Sanya, Gaurav Bajpai, Omar Haji Kombo, Evariste Twahirwa Jun 2022

Real-Time Data Analytics For Monitoring Electricity Consumption Using Iot Technology, Waheed Muhammad Sanya, Gaurav Bajpai, Omar Haji Kombo, Evariste Twahirwa

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Rising electricity bills as a result of climate variability and new home electrical and electronic appliances are becoming a major source of concern for most end users. Consumers are typically unaware of their household electricity consumption patterns and the costs associated with them, making proper planning and budgeting difficult. Monitoring and controlling energy consumption on appliances can reduce energy costs for end-users. The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to provide remote monitoring and control of devices via automated monitoring and control. In this study, we propose an IoT-enabled system for monitoring and controlling energy consumption in homes to …

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Group-Based Data Offloading Techniques Assisted By D2d Communication In 5g Mobile Network, Juma S Ally Jun 2022

Group-Based Data Offloading Techniques Assisted By D2d Communication In 5g Mobile Network, Juma S Ally

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Machine type communication devices proposed as one of the substantial data collections in the 5G of wireless networks. However, the existing mobile communication network is not designed to handle massive access from the MTC devices instead of human type communication. In this context, we propose the device-to-device communication assisted a mobile terminal (smartphone) on data computing, focusing on data generated from a correlated source of machine type communication devices. We consider the scenario that the MTC devices after collecting the data will transmit to a smartphone for computing. With the limitation of computing resources at the smartphone, some data are …

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Digital Skills And Self-Employment Among Graduates Of Technical Higher Education Institutions In Tanzania, Charles Raphael Jun 2022

Digital Skills And Self-Employment Among Graduates Of Technical Higher Education Institutions In Tanzania, Charles Raphael

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Digital skills are the driving forces for innovative, inclusive and sustainable growth through innovations and digitalization which in turn stimulate job creation, alleviate poverty, reducing inequality, facilitating the delivery of goods and services. However, large number of graduates is shown to be weak in digital skills in the industry hence affect their employability including self-employment. Recently, the Technical Higher Education Institutions (THEIs) took some initiatives to instill the digital skills to their respective students. This study therefore assessed the level of competence of digital skills among graduates following the initiatives taken by the THEIs and their influence on self-employment. It …

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Implementation Of Digital Transformation In The Technical Higher Education Institutions In Tanzania, Charles Raphael Jun 2022

Implementation Of Digital Transformation In The Technical Higher Education Institutions In Tanzania, Charles Raphael

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Digital transformation has been prioritized recently in this era of fourth industrial revolution by various organizations for maintaining strong competitive advantage, especially in the fourth industrial revolution. The higher education institutions must likewise adopt and implement digital transformation to enrich their students with the knowledge, experience and the skills they need for a very different future. Technical higher education institutions are inevitable in the given transformation. However, very little is known regarding adoption of digital transformation in the given institutions. This study therefore examined the level of adoption of digital services in the technical higher education institutions in Tanzania. It …

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Efficient And Simple Heuristic Algorithm For Portfolio Optimization Collether John, Collether John Jun 2022

Efficient And Simple Heuristic Algorithm For Portfolio Optimization Collether John, Collether John

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Markowitz model considers what is termed as standard portfolio optimization. The portfolio optimization problem is a problem which based on asset allocation and diversification for maximum return with minimum risk. Thus, the standard portfolio optimization problem happens when the constraints considered are budget and no-short selling. In reality however, portfolio optimization has realistic constraints to be incorporated such as holding sizes, cardinality and transaction cost. When realistic constraints are added into portfolio optimization problem, it becomes too complex to be solved by standard optimization methods which in this case turns to be an extended portfolio optimization problem. Markowitz solution and …

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Analyzing The Influence Of Smart-Device Visual Features, Viewing Distance And Content Factors On Video Streaming Qoe, Alex Frank Mongi Jun 2022

Analyzing The Influence Of Smart-Device Visual Features, Viewing Distance And Content Factors On Video Streaming Qoe, Alex Frank Mongi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Quality of experience (QoE) over wireless networks has attracted attention from industry and academia due to an increase in video streaming applications. Several researchers have attempted to understand the factors affecting QoE and design appropriate quality control strategies. Normally, video streaming is initiated by a user who accesses video content over a network using a smart device that may be held at various viewing distances. Each aforementioned factor has the potential to affect QoE. However, several studies explore the behavior of wireless networks on video streaming QoE. To understand the effects of other factors on QoE, this paper investigates the …

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Cyber Security Challenges, Its Emerging Trends On Latest Information And Communication Technology And Cyber Crime In Mobile Money Transaction Services, Hakeem J. Pallangyo Jun 2022

Cyber Security Challenges, Its Emerging Trends On Latest Information And Communication Technology And Cyber Crime In Mobile Money Transaction Services, Hakeem J. Pallangyo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper investigates the challenges emerging trends on latest Information and Communication Technology and cybercrime in mobile money transaction services in Tanzania. The objective of this is to evaluate the challenges associated with this rapid growth in ICT and to determine factors influencing Cybersecurity readiness and Cybercrimes in mobile money transaction services. Cyber Security plays a significant role in the field of Information and Communication Technology especially on mobile money transaction services. The study recognizes the provision of mobile money services by both telecommunication companies and local banks, the fact is that whenever we think about the cyber security, the …

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Real-Time Complex Hand Gestures Recognition Based On Multi- Dimensional Features, Isack Bulugu Feb 2022

Real-Time Complex Hand Gestures Recognition Based On Multi- Dimensional Features, Isack Bulugu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Gesture recognition is broadly utilized within the field of sensing. There are basically three gesture recognition methods based on computer vision, depth sensor and motion sensor. Motion sensor-based gesture recognition has few input data, fast speed, and direct access to three- dimensional information of the hand. The advantages of traditional motion sensor-based gesture recognition have gradually become a current research hotspot. The essence of traditional motion sensor-based gesture recognition is a pattern recognition problem, and its accuracy depends heavily on the feature dataset extracted from prior experience. Unlike traditional pattern recognition methods, deep learning can be used to a large …

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Complete Neighbourhood Search Heuristic Algorithm For Portfolio Optimization, Collether John Feb 2022

Complete Neighbourhood Search Heuristic Algorithm For Portfolio Optimization, Collether John

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

In portfolio optimization, the fundamental goal of an investor is to optimally allocate investments between different assets. Mean-variance optimization methods make unrealistic assumptions to solve the problem of optimal allocation. On the other hand, when realistic constraints like holding size and cardinality are introduced it leads to optimal asset allocation which differ from the mean variance optimization. The resulting optimization problem become quite complex as it exhibits multiple local extrema and discontinuities. Heuristic algorithms work well for the complex problem. Therefore, a heuristic algorithm is developed which is based on hill climbing complete (HC-C). It is utilized to solve the …

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Socio-Technical Perspective For Electronic Tax Information System In Tanzania, Lucas Ngowi, Ellen Kalinga Jul 2021

Socio-Technical Perspective For Electronic Tax Information System In Tanzania, Lucas Ngowi, Ellen Kalinga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Socio-technical systems theory has rarely been used by system architects in setting up computing systems. However, the role of socio-technical concepts in computing, which is becoming social in nature, has made the concepts more relevant and commercial. Tax information systems are examples of such systems because they are influenced by external variables such as the political environment, technological trends, and social environment, introducing complexity in their deployment and determining the type of e-services and their delivery to a diverse group of people. It was observed that in Tanzania there is resistance, reluctance and minimal use of electronic tax system because …

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Integrated Mobile And Web-Based Application For Enhancing Delivery Of Hiv/Aids Healthcare Information In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa Dec 2019

Integrated Mobile And Web-Based Application For Enhancing Delivery Of Hiv/Aids Healthcare Information In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This study aims to develop an integrated e-health platform for enhancing delivery of HIV/AIDS healthcare information in Tanzania, which consists of a mobile application and a web-based system. The study is based on the system's functional and non-functional requirements for an e-health system for delivery of HIV/AIDS healthcare information. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) model was adopted during the system development. The system requirements were modelled into Data Flow Diagram (DFD) in order to obtain the clear flow of the HIV/AIDS healthcare information between the clients and HIV/AIDS healthcare practitioners. With the use of different software development tools and environment …

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The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1 Dec 2019

The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Worldwide, every day human beings generate millions of tons of Faecal Sludge (FS), which is rich in water, nutrients, energy, and organic compounds. Yet FS is not being managed in a way that permits us to derive value from its reuse, while at the same time, millions of farmers struggle with depleted soils and lack of water. In most of the developing countries, energy for cooking is mainly derived from cutting of trees, either as wood or charcoal. Resource recovery and reuse from FS can create livelihoods, enhance food security, support green economies, reduce waste and contribute to cost recovery …

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Research Methodology Adopted In Developing Tansse-L System, Ellen Kalinga Jun 2019

Research Methodology Adopted In Developing Tansse-L System, Ellen Kalinga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Research methodology is among the very important part in a research work. It is the heart which describe the activities necessary for the completion of the research work. Research methodology provides a plan of investigation considered to obtain answers to research problems and it depends on the context of application. This paper presents the research methodology adopted when developing Tanzania Secondary Schools e-Learning (TanSSe-L) system, a learning management system (LMS) which was successfully developed through customization of Moodle open source LMS. TanSSe-L system is a context centered platform for secondary schools in Tanzania. TanSSe-L system was developed using a number …

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Cyberbullying And Cybervictimization In Tanzanian Secondary Schools: Prevalence And Predictors, Hezron Zacharia Onditi, Jennifer Shapka Jun 2019

Cyberbullying And Cybervictimization In Tanzanian Secondary Schools: Prevalence And Predictors, Hezron Zacharia Onditi, Jennifer Shapka

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study explored cyberbullying and cybervictimization, and the role of socio demographic and access to technology variables for Tanzanian adolescents. A self-report questionnaire was completed by secondary school students aged 14 to 18 (Form 1 to Form IV). Results provide evidence that online violence is increasingly becoming a problem of concern for Tanzanian adolescents. In particular, whereas 42% of the students reported to have cyberbullied others using electronic communication devices, 58% admitted having experienced cybervictimization. Also, results showed that students who spend more time online, share cellphones with others, and who access digital devices in a private location are more …

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Tanzanian Adolescents In The Digital Age Of Cell Phones And The Internet: Access, Use And Risks, Hezron Zacharia Onditi Jun 2018

Tanzanian Adolescents In The Digital Age Of Cell Phones And The Internet: Access, Use And Risks, Hezron Zacharia Onditi

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study explored cell phones and internet access, use, and potential risks among Tanzanian secondary school adolescents. A total of 778 students aged 14-18 in Form I to Form IV responded to a self-report questionnaire, and a subset of 20 participants participated in semi-structured interviews. Results revealed a remarkable uptake of cell phones and internet technologies among Tanzanian adolescents. In particular, whereas about 50% of the students reported to own cell phones (nearly 60% own simcards), 76% admitted using cell phones at home, and 86% reported to connect to the Internet. Results showed that male and older adolescents seem to …

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Ict Adoption And Use In Tanzania Smes, Cuthbert Msuya Jun 2017

Ict Adoption And Use In Tanzania Smes, Cuthbert Msuya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The purpose of this paper was to establish the status of ICTs adoption and use in Tanzania SMEs. Previously, it was shown that there is a shortage of comprehensive, accurate and up to date data on many aspects of the SMEs sector including the level of ICT adoption and use. This has affected government efforts aimed at development of this important sector in the economic development of the country. Results show that: (i) By year 2014, adoption of ICTs in SMEs had grown from almost non-existence in year 2004 to 80.1% computer technology use, and over 56.6% for use of …

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Design And Development Of A Prototype For A Web-Based Interface For Online Material For Tanzanian Youth, Mjema A.M Dec 2008

Design And Development Of A Prototype For A Web-Based Interface For Online Material For Tanzanian Youth, Mjema A.M

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A prototype of a web-based interface for an online database was developed to be used by youth organizations in Dar-es-Salaam. A participatory approach involving secondary students in the identification of user interface requirements, in designing and testing the prototype was used. A questionnaire was designed and manned in seven secondary schools in Dar-es-Salaam to estimate the Internet usage. Interviews were conducted to countercheck the questionnaire responses. The interview and the questionnaire helped to come up with a set of user requirements for the web-based interface of an online information search. From the specifications of the user requirements the author was …

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Improving The Availability Of Manufacturability Information Through Decentralization Of Process Planning, Eliab Opiyo Jun 2008

Improving The Availability Of Manufacturability Information Through Decentralization Of Process Planning, Eliab Opiyo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Process planning is part of the general product development and production process that usually follows design and precedes manufacturing. Manufacturability and process planning information in general play central role in many product development and production activities, including paradoxically, conceptual and detail design - the activities that take place before process planning. The need of conducting some of the process planning activities formally before or during design is thus rather obvious. One of the main research issues is therefore the identification of the process planning activities that can be performed before the traditional process planning phase and handling of the process …

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Open Source Software In Health Information Systems: Opportunities And Challenges, Hashim Twaakyondo Jun 2008

Open Source Software In Health Information Systems: Opportunities And Challenges, Hashim Twaakyondo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The paper presents results of a study seeking to identify constraining and motivating factors associated with the adoption and use of Free Open Source Software to computerise health Information Systems in a developing country. The study approach is interpretive research to case study with a triangulation of several qualitative data collection methods such as interviews, group discussions and document analysis. The findings indicate that using open source software has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages are low entry cost to adopting software, possibilities of software localization, avoiding being hostage of proprietary software and foster knowledge acquisition among software developers. The disadvantages …

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Socio-Economic Impacts Of Computer Viruses In Tanzania, M Victor Jun 2006

Socio-Economic Impacts Of Computer Viruses In Tanzania, M Victor

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper reports on a research project conducted with an objective of identifying and assessing various approaches used by different computer users (Management, System Administrators and end users) in Tanzania to combat computer viruses (CVs), and to assess users' awareness level on CVs. Specifically, the study aimed at assessing the awareness level on CVs to the Tanzanian business community; analyze the socio -economic impact caused by CVs in Tanzania and; assess existing methods, capacity and limitations on controlling CVs in Tanzania. Data was collected using both questionnaires and interview from financial institutions such as NBC and BOT, and telecommunications sector …

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