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Articles 91 - 120 of 345
Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences
Toward Real-Time, Robust Wearable Sensor Fall Detection Using Deep Learning Methods: A Feasibility Study, Haben Yhdego, Christopher Paolini, Michel Audette
Toward Real-Time, Robust Wearable Sensor Fall Detection Using Deep Learning Methods: A Feasibility Study, Haben Yhdego, Christopher Paolini, Michel Audette
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
Real-time fall detection using a wearable sensor remains a challenging problem due to high gait variability. Furthermore, finding the type of sensor to use and the optimal location of the sensors are also essential factors for real-time fall-detection systems. This work presents real-time fall-detection methods using deep learning models. Early detection of falls, followed by pneumatic protection, is one of the most effective means of ensuring the safety of the elderly. First, we developed and compared different data-segmentation techniques for sliding windows. Next, we implemented various techniques to balance the datasets because collecting fall datasets in the real-time setting has …
Adaptive Critic Network For Person Tracking Using 3d Skeleton Data, Joseph G. Zalameda, Alex Glandon, Khan M. Iftekharuddin, Mohammad S. Alam (Ed.), Vijayan K. Asari (Ed.)
Adaptive Critic Network For Person Tracking Using 3d Skeleton Data, Joseph G. Zalameda, Alex Glandon, Khan M. Iftekharuddin, Mohammad S. Alam (Ed.), Vijayan K. Asari (Ed.)
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
Analysis of human gait using 3-dimensional co-occurrence skeleton joints extracted from Lidar sensor data has been shown a viable method for predicting person identity. The co-occurrence based networks rely on the spatial changes between frames of each joint in the skeleton data sequence. Normally, this data is obtained using a Lidar skeleton extraction method to estimate these co-occurrence features from raw Lidar frames, which can be prone to incorrect joint estimations when part of the body is occluded. These datasets can also be time consuming and expensive to collect and typically offer a small number of samples for training and …
Deep-Learning-Based Classification Of Digitally Modulated Signals Using Capsule Networks And Cyclic Cumulants, John A. Snoap, Dimitrie C. Popescu, James A. Latshaw, Chad M. Spooner
Deep-Learning-Based Classification Of Digitally Modulated Signals Using Capsule Networks And Cyclic Cumulants, John A. Snoap, Dimitrie C. Popescu, James A. Latshaw, Chad M. Spooner
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
This paper presents a novel deep-learning (DL)-based approach for classifying digitally modulated signals, which involves the use of capsule networks (CAPs) together with the cyclic cumulant (CC) features of the signals. These were blindly estimated using cyclostationary signal processing (CSP) and were then input into the CAP for training and classification. The classification performance and the generalization abilities of the proposed approach were tested using two distinct datasets that contained the same types of digitally modulated signals, but had distinct generation parameters. The results showed that the classification of digitally modulated signals using CAPs and CCs proposed in the paper …
A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach For Crude Oil Price Prediction, Hind Aldabagh, Xianrong Zheng, Ravi Mukkamala
A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach For Crude Oil Price Prediction, Hind Aldabagh, Xianrong Zheng, Ravi Mukkamala
Computer Science Faculty Publications
Crude oil is one of the world’s most important commodities. Its price can affect the global economy, as well as the economies of importing and exporting countries. As a result, forecasting the price of crude oil is essential for investors. However, crude oil price tends to fluctuate considerably during significant world events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflicts. In this paper, we propose a deep learning model for forecasting the crude oil price of one-step and multi-step ahead. The model extracts important features that impact crude oil prices and uses them to predict future prices. The prediction model …
Charged Track Reconstruction With Artificial Intelligence For Clas12, Gagik Gavalian, Polykarpos Thomadakis, Angelos Angelopoulos, Nikos Chrisochoides
Charged Track Reconstruction With Artificial Intelligence For Clas12, Gagik Gavalian, Polykarpos Thomadakis, Angelos Angelopoulos, Nikos Chrisochoides
Computer Science Faculty Publications
In this paper, we present the results of charged particle track reconstruction in CLAS12 using artificial intelligence. In our approach, we use neural networks working together to identify tracks based on the raw signals in the Drift Chambers. A Convolutional Auto-Encoder is used to de-noise raw data by removing the hits that do not satisfy the patterns for tracks, and second Multi-Layer Perceptron is used to identify tracks from combinations of clusters in the drift chambers. Our method increases the tracking efficiency by 50% for multi-particle final states already conducted experiments. The de-noising results indicate that future experiments can run …
Towards Reinterpreting Neural Topic Models Via Composite Activations, Jia Peng Lim, Hady Wirawan Lauw
Towards Reinterpreting Neural Topic Models Via Composite Activations, Jia Peng Lim, Hady Wirawan Lauw
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Most Neural Topic Models (NTM) use a variational auto-encoder framework producing K topics limited to the size of the encoder’s output. These topics are interpreted through the selection of the top activated words via the weights or reconstructed vector of the decoder that are directly connected to each neuron. In this paper, we present a model-free two-stage process to reinterpret NTM and derive further insights on the state of the trained model. Firstly, building on the original information from a trained NTM, we generate a pool of potential candidate “composite topics” by exploiting possible co-occurrences within the original set of …
Enhanced Heart Rate Prediction Model Using Damped Least-Squares Algorithm, Angela An, Mohammad Al-Fawa’Reh, James Jin Kang
Enhanced Heart Rate Prediction Model Using Damped Least-Squares Algorithm, Angela An, Mohammad Al-Fawa’Reh, James Jin Kang
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Monitoring a patient’s vital signs is considered one of the most challenging problems in telehealth systems, especially when patients reside in remote locations. Companies now use IoT devices such as wearable devices to participate in telehealth systems. However, the steady adoption of wearables can result in a significant increase in the volume of data being collected and transmitted. As these devices run on limited battery power, they can run out of power quickly due to the high processing requirements of the device for data collection and transmission. Given the importance of medical data, it is imperative that all transmitted data …
Location Verification For Future Wireless Vehicular Networks: Research Directions And Challenges, Shihao Yan, Ullah Ihsan, Robert Malaney, Linlin Sun, Stefano Tomasin
Location Verification For Future Wireless Vehicular Networks: Research Directions And Challenges, Shihao Yan, Ullah Ihsan, Robert Malaney, Linlin Sun, Stefano Tomasin
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Vehicle location information obtained through the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) will play a pivotal role in emerging vehicular networks. This vital information is, however, susceptible to a host of unwanted manipulations, especially if a malicious entity is involved. The most obvious example of such manipulations is the forwarding by a malicious vehicle of false GNSS locations to other members of the network. Such events can lead to poor operational outcomes for the vehicular network, and in extreme cases even lead to catastrophic safety violations. Here, we highlight research efforts pursued in the past few years that have attempted to …
Learning Robust Radio Frequency Fingerprints Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, Jose A. Gutierrez Del Arroyo
Learning Robust Radio Frequency Fingerprints Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, Jose A. Gutierrez Del Arroyo
Theses and Dissertations
Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF) techniques, which attribute uniquely identifiable signal distortions to emitters via Machine Learning (ML) classifiers, are limited by fingerprint variability under different operational conditions. First, this work studied the effect of frequency channel for typical RFF techniques. Performance characterization using the multi-class Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) revealed that using frequency channels other than those used to train the models leads to deterioration in MCC to under 0.05 (random guess), indicating that single-channel models are inadequate for realistic operation. Second, this work presented a novel way of studying fingerprint variability through Fingerprint Extraction through Distortion Reconstruction (FEDR), a …
Influence Level Prediction On Social Media Through Multi-Task And Sociolinguistic User Characteristics Modeling, Denys Katerenchuk
Influence Level Prediction On Social Media Through Multi-Task And Sociolinguistic User Characteristics Modeling, Denys Katerenchuk
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Prediction of a user’s influence level on social networks has attracted a lot of attention as human interactions move online. Influential users have the ability to influence others’ behavior to achieve their own agenda. As a result, predicting users’ level of influence online can help to understand social networks, forecast trends, prevent misinformation, etc. The research on user influence in social networks has attracted much attention across multiple disciplines, from social sciences to mathematics, yet it is still not well understood. One of the difficulties is that the definition of influence is specific to a particular problem or a domain, …
Learning To Play An Imperfect Information Card Game Using Reinforcement Learning, Buğra Kaan Demi̇rdöver, Ömer Baykal, Ferdanur Alpaslan
Learning To Play An Imperfect Information Card Game Using Reinforcement Learning, Buğra Kaan Demi̇rdöver, Ömer Baykal, Ferdanur Alpaslan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Artificial intelligence and machine learning are widely popular in many areas. One of the most popular ones is gaming. Games are perfect testbeds for machine learning and artificial intelligence with various scenarios and types. This study aims to develop a self-learning intelligent agent to play the Hearts game. Hearts is one of the most popular trick-taking card games around the world. It is an imperfect information card game. In addition to having a huge state space, Hearts offers many extra challenges due to its nature. In order to ease the development process, the agent developed in the scope of this …
How Facial Features Convey Attention In Stationary Environments, Janelle Domantay, Brendan Morris
How Facial Features Convey Attention In Stationary Environments, Janelle Domantay, Brendan Morris
Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal
Awareness detection technologies have been gaining traction in a variety of enterprises; most often used for driver fatigue detection, recent research has shifted towards using computer vision technologies to analyze user attention in environments such as online classrooms. This paper aims to extend previous research on distraction detection by analyzing which visual features contribute most to predicting awareness and fatigue. We utilized the open-source facial analysis toolkit OpenFace in order to analyze visual data of subjects at varying levels of attentiveness. Then, using a Support-Vector Machine (SVM) we created several prediction models for user attention and identified the Histogram of …
Self-Supervised Video Representation Learning By Uncovering Spatio-Temporal Statistics, Jiangliu Wang, Jianbo Jiao, Linchao Bao, Shengfeng He, Wei Liu, Yun-Hui Liu
Self-Supervised Video Representation Learning By Uncovering Spatio-Temporal Statistics, Jiangliu Wang, Jianbo Jiao, Linchao Bao, Shengfeng He, Wei Liu, Yun-Hui Liu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper proposes a novel pretext task to address the self-supervised video representation learning problem. Specifically, given an unlabeled video clip, we compute a series of spatio-temporal statistical summaries, such as the spatial location and dominant direction of the largest motion, the spatial location and dominant color of the largest color diversity along the temporal axis, etc. Then a neural network is built and trained to yield the statistical summaries given the video frames as inputs. In order to alleviate the learning difficulty, we employ several spatial partitioning patterns to encode rough spatial locations instead of exact spatial Cartesian coordinates. …
Multiple Object Tracking For Marine Science, Nicholas A. Wachter
Multiple Object Tracking For Marine Science, Nicholas A. Wachter
Computer Science and Software Engineering
As drone and computer vision technology has been improving, many fields of study have been quick to utilize it to improve the accuracy and ease of data collection. The combination of the two technologies is perfect for surveying large areas and identifying features of interest. Marine science utilizes these technologies for activities such as animal tracking and population counting. I am working with the Drones for Marine Science research group at Cal Poly who want to build a fleet of drones that will fly out over the ocean to identify and track various marine animals. My role will be to …
Growing Reservoir Networks Using The Genetic Algorithm Deep Hyperneat, Nancy L. Mackenzie
Growing Reservoir Networks Using The Genetic Algorithm Deep Hyperneat, Nancy L. Mackenzie
Student Research Symposium
Typical Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have static architectures. The number of nodes and their organization must be chosen and tuned for each task. Choosing these values, or hyperparameters, is a bit of a guessing game, and optimizing must be repeated for each task. If the model is larger than necessary, this leads to more training time and computational cost. The goal of this project is to evolve networks that grow according to the task at hand. By gradually increasing the size and complexity of the network to the extent that the task requires, we will build networks that are more …
Computational Approaches To Facilitate Automated Interchange Between Music And Art, Rao Hamza Ali
Computational Approaches To Facilitate Automated Interchange Between Music And Art, Rao Hamza Ali
Computational and Data Sciences (PhD) Dissertations
Recently, there has been a tremendous increase in generating and synthesizing music and art using various computational techniques. An area that is still under-researched, however, is how one medium can be converted into the other, while maintaining the overall aesthetics. Over the last few centuries, artists, composers, and scholars, have attempted to use substitute one form of art for the other: by proposing techniques where music notes are synonymous to colors, by inventing instruments that combine the aesthetics of music and visual art, and by incorporating the two media in live performances. A widely accepted computational approach, for the conversion, …
Learning Topology Preserving Embeddings For Speeding Up Nearest Neighbor Retrieval, Mason Lary
Learning Topology Preserving Embeddings For Speeding Up Nearest Neighbor Retrieval, Mason Lary
Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive
Given a database of objects and a query object, it’s possible to gather a number of the closest neighbors to the query object. This operation is important to a number of diverse fields such as computer vision, content- based information retrieval, and chemistry. However, distance measures used to determine neighbors can cause queries to be computationally expensive, either because the distance measure is complex or because it is nonmetric and prevents efficient indexing methods. This work presents novel methods of triplet mining that enable neural networks using triplet loss to learn the manifold that data resides in. These neural networks …
Detection And Classification Of Object Presence And Characteristics In A Water Container Using High Frequency Ultrasound, Mehul Vishal Sadh
Detection And Classification Of Object Presence And Characteristics In A Water Container Using High Frequency Ultrasound, Mehul Vishal Sadh
Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive
Detection and characterization of soluble, diffuse, and solid objects and their characteristics in water has important implications in various applications, including water quality assessment and incontinence monitoring for health applications. In particular in the latter task, it is essential to be able to non-intrusively detect the appearance, presence, and consistency of materials in the water without the need for special purpose instruments or a special purpose setting. Rather, it would be important that sensing could be performed int he context of existing toilet systems. To achieve this, this work investigates the potential use of high frequency sonar sensors retrofitted to …
Gdefects4dl: A Dataset Of General Real-World Deep Learning Program Defects, Yunkai Liang, Yun Lin, Xuezhi Song, Jun Sun, Zhiyong Feng, Jin Song Dong
Gdefects4dl: A Dataset Of General Real-World Deep Learning Program Defects, Yunkai Liang, Yun Lin, Xuezhi Song, Jun Sun, Zhiyong Feng, Jin Song Dong
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The development of deep learning programs, as a new programming paradigm, is observed to suffer from various defects. Emerging research works have been proposed to detect, debug, and repair deep learning bugs, which drive the need to construct the bug benchmarks. In this work, we present gDefects4DL, a dataset for general bugs of deep learning programs. Comparing to existing datasets, gDefects4DL collects bugs where the root causes and fix solutions can be well generalized to other projects. Our general bugs include deep learning program bugs such as (1) violation of deep learning API usage pattern (e.g., the standard to implement …
Deapsecure Computational Training For Cybersecurity: Third-Year Improvements And Impacts, Bahador Dodge, Jacob Strother, Rosby Asiamah, Karina Arcaute, Wirawan Purwanto, Masha Sosonkina, Hongyi Wu
Deapsecure Computational Training For Cybersecurity: Third-Year Improvements And Impacts, Bahador Dodge, Jacob Strother, Rosby Asiamah, Karina Arcaute, Wirawan Purwanto, Masha Sosonkina, Hongyi Wu
Modeling, Simulation and Visualization Student Capstone Conference
The Data-Enabled Advanced Training Program for Cybersecurity Research and Education (DeapSECURE) was introduced in 2018 as a non-degree training consisting of six modules covering a broad range of cyberinfrastructure techniques, including high performance computing, big data, machine learning and advanced cryptography, aimed at reducing the gap between current cybersecurity curricula and requirements needed for advanced research and industrial projects. By its third year, DeapSECURE, like many other educational endeavors, experienced abrupt changes brought by the COVID-19 pandemic. The training had to be retooled to adapt to fully online delivery. Hands-on activities were reformatted to accommodate self-paced learning. In this paper, …
Reinforcement Learning With Deep Q-Networks, Caleb Cassady
Reinforcement Learning With Deep Q-Networks, Caleb Cassady
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
In the past decade, machine learning strategies centered on the use of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have caught the interest of researchers due to their success in complicated classification and prediction problems. More recently, these DNNs have been applied to reinforcement learning tasks with state of- the-art results using Deep Q-Networks (DQNs) based on the Q-Learning algorithm. However, the DQN training process is different from standard DNNs and poses significant challenges for certain reinforcement learning environments. This paper examines some of these challenges, compares proposed solutions, and offers novel solutions based on previous research. Experiment implementation available at https://github.com/caleb98/dqlearning.
Comai: Enabling Lightweight, Collaborative Intelligence By Retrofitting Vision Dnns, Kasthuri Jayarajah, Dhanuja Wanniarachchige, Tarek Abdelzaher, Archan Misra
Comai: Enabling Lightweight, Collaborative Intelligence By Retrofitting Vision Dnns, Kasthuri Jayarajah, Dhanuja Wanniarachchige, Tarek Abdelzaher, Archan Misra
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
While Deep Neural Network (DNN) models have transformed machine vision capabilities, their extremely high computational complexity and model sizes present a formidable deployment roadblock for AIoT applications. We show that the complexity-vs-accuracy-vs-communication tradeoffs for such DNN models can be significantly addressed via a novel, lightweight form of “collaborative machine intelligence” that requires only runtime changes to the inference process. In our proposed approach, called ComAI, the DNN pipelines of different vision sensors share intermediate processing state with one another, effectively providing hints about objects located within their mutually-overlapping Field-of-Views (FoVs). CoMAI uses two novel techniques: (a) a secondary shallow ML …
Double Cone Flow Field Reconstruction Between Mach 4 And 12 Using Machine Learning Techniques, Trevor A. Toros
Double Cone Flow Field Reconstruction Between Mach 4 And 12 Using Machine Learning Techniques, Trevor A. Toros
Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network With Prediction Smoothing And Adversarial Class Thresholds, Noah M. Miller
Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network With Prediction Smoothing And Adversarial Class Thresholds, Noah M. Miller
Theses and Dissertations
Using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for image classification for each frame in a video is a very common technique. Unfortunately, CNNs are very brittle and have a tendency to be over confident in their predictions. This can lead to what we will refer to as “flickering,” which is when the predictions between frames jump back and forth between classes. In this paper, new methods are proposed to combat these shortcomings. This paper utilizes a Bayesian CNN which allows for a distribution of outputs on each data point instead of just a point estimate. These distributions are then smoothed over multiple …
Crowdtc: Crowd-Powered Learning For Text Classification, Keyu Yang, Yunjun Gao, Lei Liang, Song Bian, Lu Chen, Baihua Zheng
Crowdtc: Crowd-Powered Learning For Text Classification, Keyu Yang, Yunjun Gao, Lei Liang, Song Bian, Lu Chen, Baihua Zheng
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Text classification is a fundamental task in content analysis. Nowadays, deep learning has demonstrated promising performance in text classification compared with shallow models. However, almost all the existing models do not take advantage of the wisdom of human beings to help text classification. Human beings are more intelligent and capable than machine learning models in terms of understanding and capturing the implicit semantic information from text. In this article, we try to take guidance from human beings to classify text. We propose Crowd-powered learning for Text Classification (CrowdTC for short). We design and post the questions on a crowdsourcing platform …
Understanding Deep Learning - Challenges And Prospects, Niha Adnan, Fahad Umer
Understanding Deep Learning - Challenges And Prospects, Niha Adnan, Fahad Umer
Department of Surgery Docs
The developments in Artificial Intelligence have been on the rise since its advent. The advancements in this field have been the innovative research area across a wide range of industries, making its incorporation in dentistry inevitable. Artificial Intelligence techniques are making serious progress in the diagnostic and treatment planning aspects of dental clinical practice. This will ultimately help in the elimination of subjectivity and human error that are often part of radiographic interpretations, and will improve the overall efficiency of the process. The various types of Artificial Intelligence algorithms that exist today make the understanding of their application quite complex. …
A Predictive Model To Predict Cyberattack Using Self-Normalizing Neural Networks, Oluwapelumi Eniodunmo
A Predictive Model To Predict Cyberattack Using Self-Normalizing Neural Networks, Oluwapelumi Eniodunmo
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Cyberattack is a never-ending war that has greatly threatened secured information systems. The development of automated and intelligent systems provides more computing power to hackers to steal information, destroy data or system resources, and has raised global security issues. Statistical and Data mining tools have received continuous research and improvements. These tools have been adopted to create sophisticated intrusion detection systems that help information systems mitigate and defend against cyberattacks. However, the advancement in technology and accessibility of information makes more identifiable elements that can be used to gain unauthorized access to systems and resources. Data mining and classification tools …
Taming The Data In The Internet Of Vehicles, Shahab Tayeb
Taming The Data In The Internet Of Vehicles, Shahab Tayeb
Mineta Transportation Institute
As an emerging field, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has a myriad of security vulnerabilities that must be addressed to protect system integrity. To stay ahead of novel attacks, cybersecurity professionals are developing new software and systems using machine learning techniques. Neural network architectures improve such systems, including Intrusion Detection System (IDSs), by implementing anomaly detection, which differentiates benign data packets from malicious ones. For an IDS to best predict anomalies, the model is trained on data that is typically pre-processed through normalization and feature selection/reduction. These pre-processing techniques play an important role in training a neural network to optimize …
Automatic Cephalometric Landmark Detection On X-Ray Images Using Object Detection, Cheng-Ho King, Yin-Lin Wang, Chia-Ling Tsai
Automatic Cephalometric Landmark Detection On X-Ray Images Using Object Detection, Cheng-Ho King, Yin-Lin Wang, Chia-Ling Tsai
Publications and Research
We propose a new deep convolutional cephalometric landmark detection framework for orthodontic treatment. Our proposed method consists of two major steps: landmark detection using a deep neural network for object detection, and landmark repair to ensure one instance per landmark class. For landmark detection, we modify the loss function of the backbone network YOLOv3 to eliminate the constrains on the bounding box and incorporate attention mechanism to improve the detection accuracy. For landmark repair, a triangle mesh is generated from the average face to eliminate superfluous instances, followed by estimation of missing landmarks from the detected ones using Laplacian Mesh. …
Discrepancies Among Pre-Trained Deep Neural Networks: A New Threat To Model Zoo Reliability, Diego Montes, Pongpatapee Peerapatanapokin, Jeff Schultz, Chengjun Guo, Wenxin Jiang, James C. Davis
Discrepancies Among Pre-Trained Deep Neural Networks: A New Threat To Model Zoo Reliability, Diego Montes, Pongpatapee Peerapatanapokin, Jeff Schultz, Chengjun Guo, Wenxin Jiang, James C. Davis
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
Training deep neural networks (DNNs) takes significant time and resources. A practice for expedited deployment is to use pre-trained deep neural networks (PTNNs), often from model zoos.collections of PTNNs; yet, the reliability of model zoos remains unexamined. In the absence of an industry standard for the implementation and performance of PTNNs, engineers cannot confidently incorporate them into production systems. As a first step, discovering potential discrepancies between PTNNs across model zoos would reveal a threat to model zoo reliability. Prior works indicated existing variances in deep learning systems in terms of accuracy. However, broader measures of reliability for PTNNs from …