Computer Sciences Commons^™

Framework For Trustworthy Ai In The Health Sector, Mykhailo Danilevskyi

Academic Posters Collection

The European Commission defines that Trustworthy AI should be lawful, ethical and robust. The ethical component and its technical methods are the main focus of the research. According to this, the initial research goal is to create a methodology for evaluating datasets for ML modeling using ethical principles in the healthcare domain. Ethical risk assessment will help to ensure compliance with principles such as privacy, fairness, safety and transparency which are especially important for the Health Care sector. At the same time, risks must be evaluated with respect to AI model performance and possible scenarios of risk mitigation. Ethical risk …

Thinking Local With Original Data In Ai And Machine Learning Research, David G. Taylor, Robert Mccloud

WCBT Working Papers

Sacred Heart University spent significant funds to establish an AI lab. Initially there is no ongoing research and no real plan for a research agenda. This paper details how the Jack Welch College of Business and Technology created and implemented an active meaningful research plan. It involves two key elements: thinking local and using business connections to foster active, impactful research. Surrounding communities, business connections, area environment, and other Sacred Heart University departments all played a part. The research plan also identifies a specific issue in working with local and business contact sources: the AI researcher almost never gets data …

Exploring The Evolution Of Ai Integration In English As A Foreign Language Education: A Scopus-Based Bibliometric Analysis (1997-2023), Mohanad G. Yaseen, Sara S. Alnakeeb

Mesopotamian Journal of Computer Science

Significant scholarly interest has been focused on the use of AI in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction because it presents novel opportunities for improving language learning contexts and pedagogical approaches. This study provides an in-depth investigation into how AI is revolutionizing English as a foreign language (EFL) instruction, with special focus on the ways in which this technology can help students acquire a language in a fun, engaging, and one-on-one setting. This research examines the ethical and sociological implications of the broad integration of AI technology into language learning environments, highlighting major trends and identifying critical gaps through …

Role Of Chatgpt In Computer Programming., Som Biswas

Mesopotamian Journal of Computer Science

Purpose: The purpose of this abstract is to outline the role and capabilities of ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI for computer programming. Methodology: ChatGPT is a large language model that has been trained on a diverse range of texts and can perform a variety of programming-related tasks. These tasks include code completion and correction, code snippet prediction and suggestion, automatic syntax error fixing, code optimization and refactoring suggestions, missing code generation, document generation, chatbot development, text-to-code generation, and answering technical queries. Results: ChatGPT can provide users with explanations, examples, and guidance to help them understand complex concepts and …

Speculative Futures On Chatgpt And Generative Artificial Intelligence (Ai): A Collective Reflection From The Educational Landscape, Aras Bozkurt, Junhong Xiao, Sarah Lambert, Angelica Pazurek, Helen Crompton, Suzan Koseoglu, Robert Farrow, Melissa Bond, Chrissi Nerantzi, Sarah Honeychurch, Maha Bali, Jon Dron, Kamran Mir, Bonnie Stewart, Eamon Costello, Jon Mason, Christian M. Stracke, Enilda Romero-Hall, Apostolos Koutropoulos, Cathy Mae Toquero, Lenandlar Singh, Ahmed Tlili, Kyungmee Lee, Mark Nichols, Ebba Ossiannilsson, Mark Brown, Valerie Irvine, Juliana Elisa Raffaghelli, Gema Santos-Hermosa, Orna Farrell, Taskeen Adam, Ying Li Thong, Sunagul Sani-Bozkurt, Ramesh C. Sharma, Stefan Hrastinski, Petar Jandrić

Teaching & Learning Faculty Publications

While ChatGPT has recently become very popular, AI has a long history and philosophy. This paper intends to explore the promises and pitfalls of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) AI and potentially future technologies by adopting a speculative methodology. Speculative future narratives with a specific focus on educational contexts are provided in an attempt to identify emerging themes and discuss their implications for education in the 21st century. Affordances of (using) AI in Education (AIEd) and possible adverse effects are identified and discussed which emerge from the narratives. It is argued that now is the best of times to define …

Human Tracking Function For Robotic Dog, Andrew Sharkey

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

With the increase the increase in automation and humans and robots working side by side, there is a need for a more organic way of controlling robots. The goal of this project is to create a control system for Boston dynamics robotic dog Spot that implements human tracking image software to follow humans using computer vision as well as using hand tracking image software to allow for control input through hand gestures.

Predicting Housing Prices Using Ai, Eric Sconyers

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

I have created an AI model that can predict housing prices with 70 percent accuracy in Ames Iowa. I was able to use data from a website called Kaggle.com which is a website that provides datasets to the public so they can create AI models with the data. I found the dataset pertaining to housing prices in Ames Iowa. With this data, I was able to create an AI model that can predict the housing price of these homes. The technology I used in this project was Python as the programming language, and I used the scikit-learn library which has …

Artificial Intelligence-Based Medical Device Technologies Implementation Strategies In The Nigerian Health Care Industry, Oliver Chikaodinaka Iheme

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based medical device technologies can aid medical professionals in delivering faster and more accurate treatment, but health care leaders are concerned with eliminating challenges that impede implementation. Grounded in the technology-organization-environment and technology acceptance models, the purpose of this qualitative multi-case study was to explore strategies health care leaders in Nigeria use to obtain, adopt, and implement AI-based medical device technologies. The participants were 11 health care leaders in Nigeria who successfully implemented AI-based medical device technologies in their hospitals. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and the review of organizational documents. Through thematic analysis, five themes were …

Artificial Intelligence-Based Medical Device Technologies Implementation Strategies In The Nigerian Health Care Industry, Oliver Chikaodinaka Iheme

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based medical device technologies can aid medical professionals in delivering faster and more accurate treatment, but health care leaders are concerned with eliminating challenges that impede implementation. Grounded in the technology-organization-environment and technology acceptance models, the purpose of this qualitative multi-case study was to explore strategies health care leaders in Nigeria use to obtain, adopt, and implement AI-based medical device technologies. The participants were 11 health care leaders in Nigeria who successfully implemented AI-based medical device technologies in their hospitals. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and the review of organizational documents. Through thematic analysis, five themes were …

Comments Of The Cordell Institute On Ai Accountability, Neil M. Richards, Woodrow Hartzog, Jordan Francis

Scholarship@WashULaw

These comments are a response to the National Telecommunications and Information Administration's 2023 request for comment on AI accountability (AI Accountability RFC, NTIA–2023–0005).

Responding to NTIA’s recent inquiry into AI assurance and accountability, we offer two main arguments regarding the importance of substantive legal protections. First, a myopic focus on concepts of transparency, bias mitigation, and ethics (for which procedural compliance efforts such as audits, assessments, and certifications are proxies) is insufficient when it comes to the design and implementation of accountable AI systems. We call rules built around transparency and bias mitigation “AI half-measures,” because they provide the appearance …

Humans In The Loop, Nicholson Price Ii, Rebecca Crootof, Margot Kaminski

Articles

From lethal drones to cancer diagnostics, humans are increasingly working with complex and artificially intelligent algorithms to make decisions which affect human lives, raising questions about how best to regulate these “human in the loop” systems. We make four contributions to the discourse.

First, contrary to the popular narrative, law is already profoundly and often problematically involved in governing human-in-the-loop systems: it regularly affects whether humans are retained in or removed from the loop. Second, we identify “the MABA-MABA trap,” which occurs when policymakers attempt to address concerns about algorithmic incapacities by inserting a human into decision making process. Regardless …

College Teaching And Ai, Leo Irakliotis

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Artificial Intelligence will reshape the way we assess student learning in ways that no one has prepared us for.

Predicting Startup Success Using Publicly Available Data, Emily Gavrilenko

Master's Theses

Predicting the success of an early-stage startup has always been a major effort for investors and venture funds. Statistically, there are about 305 million total startups created in a year, but less than 10% of them succeed to become profitable businesses. Accurately identifying the signs of startup growth is the work of countless investors, and in recent years, research has turned to machine learning in hopes of improving the accuracy and speed of startup success prediction.

To learn about a startup, investors have to navigate many different internet sources and often rely on personal intuition to determine the startup’s potential …

The Role Of Radiomics And Ai Technologies In The Segmentation, Detection, And Management Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Dalia Fahmy, Ahmed Alksas, Ahmed Elnakib, Ali Mahmoud, Heba Kandil, Ashraf Khalil, Mohammed Ghazal, Eric Van Bogaert, Sohail Contractor, Ayman El-Baz

All Works

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic neoplasm. Thanks to recent advances in computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there is potential to improve detection, segmentation, discrimination from HCC mimics, and monitoring of therapeutic response. Radiomics, artificial intelligence (AI), and derived tools have already been applied in other areas of diagnostic imaging with promising results. In this review, we briefly discuss the current clinical applications of radiomics and AI in the detection, segmentation, and management of HCC. Moreover, we investigate their potential to reach a more accurate diagnosis of HCC and to guide proper treatment planning.

A Data Driven Model To Promote Preparedness And Respond Intelligently To Pandemic Outbreaks, Safea Mohammed Al Senani

Theses

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major effect on various vital sectors of the economy, including education healthcare, and the industry. Governments have imposed strict regulations to reduce the spread of this global disease outbreak. Consequently, working from home, online learning, social distancing and various control measures were enforced. In response, many schools shifted to distance learning, although most of these schools were neither technically ready nor administratively prepared for the online transition. Despite recent progress, countries are still experiencing daunting challenges to control the infection rate and magnitude, stabilize the economy, and relax socialization and public life activities. Decision-makers …

Hydrological Drought Forecasting Using A Deep Transformer Model, Amobichukwu C. Amanambu, Joann Mossa, Yin-Hsuen Chen

University Administration Publications

Hydrological drought forecasting is essential for effective water resource management planning. Innovations in computer science and artificial intelligence (AI) have been incorporated into Earth science research domains to improve predictive performance for water resource planning and disaster management. Forecasting of future hydrological drought can assist with mitigation strategies for various stakeholders. This study uses the transformer deep learning model to forecast hydrological drought, with a benchmark comparison with the long short-term memory (LSTM) model. These models were applied to the Apalachicola River, Florida, with two gauging stations located at Chattahoochee and Blountstown. Daily stage-height data from the period 1928–2022 were …

The Eu's Capacity To Lead The Transatlantic Alliance In Ai Regulation, Varun Roy, Vignesh Sreedhar

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

In the face of Chinese advances in AI in terms of technological prowess and influence, there has been a call for collaboration between the EU and the US to create a foundation for AI governance based on shared democratic beliefs. This paper maps out the EU, US, and Chinese approaches to AI development and regulation as we analyze the capacity of the US and EU to establish international standards for AI regulation through channels such as the TTC. As the EU rolled out a proportionate and risk-based approach to ensure stricter regulation for high-risk AI technologies, it laid the foundation …

Multi-Functional Job Roles To Support Operations In A Multi-Faceted Jewel Enabled By Ai And Digital Transformation, Steven M. Miller

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this story, we highlight the way in which the use of AI enabled support systems, together with work process digital transformation and innovative approaches to job redesign, have combined to dramatically change the nature of the work of the front-line service staff who protect and support the facility and visitors at the world’s most iconic airport mall and lifestyle destination.

Problem Solving For Industry, Jozimar Basilio Ferreira, Nicholas Chibuike-Eruba, José Fernando González Anavia, Jolomi (Oritsejolomi) Sillo

ICT

This project seeks to use reinforcement learning to develop AI agents used to controlled NPCs in video game worlds that are capable of mastering decision tasks in their video game environments. Our job will be to develop algorithms and methods that can effectively train the AI agents using Reinforcement learning, which can be used in various gaming environments and scenarios such as racing games and first-person shooters. We then market these agents to video game developers for use in their game worlds. The developer can use our agents as-is in their game without modifications or they can train them further, …

What’S So Artificial And Intelligent About Artificial Intelligence? A Conceptual Framework For Ai, Rebekah L. H. Rice

SPU Works

There is currently a good deal of attention being focused on artificial intelligence, broadly speaking, and deep learning, specifically. The attention is warranted, as these technologies are predicted to affect our collective lives in innumerable ways even beyond their already expansive social reach. There is much to consider regarding the benefits and potential harms of AI. And of course there are the apocalyptic musings about super-intelligent machines running amok, bringing science fiction scenarios uncomfortably close to anticipated reality. But productively engaging in discussions about the ethical and social implications of AI, and about which sorts of futures it is reasonable …

A Theological Framework For Reflection On Artificial Intelligence, Michael D. Langford

SPU Works

The theological questions before us in a digital age are pressing. What does God think of AI? Is AI good or evil? Will AI save us? What sort of future will AI give us? In what follows, I want to briefly introduce a few theological concepts that will hopefully help equip us for theological reflection on AI. We will begin with the question of epistemology, or how it is that we come by knowledge; in the realm of theology, this centers on revelation. We will then touch on the doctrine of creation, including the understanding of what it means to …

Artificial Intelligence And Theological Personhood, Michael D. Langford

SPU Works

Can AI be a person? What does God tell us about humanity and personhood? These are questions of theological anthropology and involve inquiring after the nature of humanity as God’s creation and what God wills for human personhood.

To address these inquiries, we will look at three biblical texts that bear on issues of theological anthropology, hopefully garnering some theological resources to consider the anthropological status of AI. Specifically, we will look at three “creation” texts that necessarily deal with the nature of human personhood within the divine economy of salvation history. The first is Genesis 1 and 2, which …

Reinforcement In The Information Revolution, Phillip M. Baker

SPU Works

This chapter will outline what it means to be a behaving human and how AI makes sense of these concepts. It will then explore possible near-future implications of our remarkable progress in understanding how human behavior works with the assistance of AI from a neurobiological basis. A focus on understanding the reinforcement mechanisms of the brain will reveal the consequences of ceding control of so much of our brain-environment interactions to AI. It will conclude by offering a potential Christian response to this digital reality from a uniquely Anabaptist perspective.

An Introduction To Artificial Intelligence, Carlos R. Arias

SPU Works

This chapter explores the evolution of artificial intelligence, starting with the first ideas of Alan Turing, going through the promises of its inception, and landing in our current state, when AI invokes a sense of power and awe. Next, the chapter will provide a summary of different technologies related to AI and machine learning, such as deep neural networks, to help the reader distinguish different terminologies. The chapter will end with a discussion of some potential tendencies concerning how AI may be used or evolve in the near future, and some questions about the technology in the long term.

Sin And Grace, Bruce D. Baker

SPU Works

The theological lens of sin and grace gives a broader and deeper viewpoint than mere ethics. Ethical analysis is of course useful and necessary, but ethics alone is not enough. Ethics apart from a robust, holistic understanding of humans as persons-in-communion will remain mired in reductionist thinking about human dignity and morality. Therefore, this final chapter addresses the ethical issues of AI through the lens of sin and grace.

Epilogue: A Litany For Faithful Engagement With Artificial Intelligence, Bruce D. Baker

SPU Works

A litany is a thoughtfully organized prayer for use in public worship by the church, or as a personal devotional practice by individuals. This seems a fitting way to close our reflection on AI, faith, and the future. Prayer will be essential to our faithful response to the new opportunities and challenges AI brings. Our hope is that this litany will serve as a practical guide to thoughtful invocation of the Holy Spirit in prayers for wisdom and discernment, and in the daily disciplines of spiritual growth.

21st Century Learning Skills And Artificial Intelligence, David Wicks, Michael Paulus

SPU Works

The chapter explores four concepts important for learning and AI in the twenty-first century—creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration (the “4Cs”)—as well as reflections on the theological significance of creativity and community.

Automation And Apocalypse: Imagining The Future Of Work, Michael Paulus

SPU Works

This chapter provides an orientation to the history of technology, work, and the theology of work and then explores three visions of the future of work—a literary dystopia, a philosophical utopia, and a theological apocalypse—as resources for understanding the significance of work and imagining its future. In the first vision, found in Kurt Vonnegut’s speculative novel Player Piano, automation leads to the end of meaningful work and nearly renders humans obsolete. This dystopic vision reveals the value of human work but remains skeptical about our ability to preserve it against the advances of automation. The second vision comes from …

Introduction, Michael Paulus

SPU Works

Artificial intelligence is rapidly and radically changing our lives and world. This book is a multidisciplinary engagement with the present and future impacts of AI from the standpoint of Christian faith. It provides technological, philosophical, and theological foundations for thinking about AI, as well as a series of reflections on the impact of AI on relationships, behavior, education, work, and moral action. The book serves as an accessible introduction to AI as well as a guide to wise consideration, design, and use of AI by examining foundational understandings and beliefs from a Christian perspective.

Gauging The Acceptance Of Contact Tracing Technology: An Empirical Study Of Singapore Residents’ Concerns With Sharing Their Information And Willingness To Trust, Ee-Ing Ong, Wee Ling Loo

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments began implementing various forms of contact tracing technology. Singapore’s implementation of its contact tracing technology, TraceTogether, however, was met with significant concern by its population, with regard to privacy and data security. This concern did not fit with the general perception that Singaporeans have a high level of trust in its government. We explore this disconnect, using responses to our survey (conducted pre-COVID-19) in which we asked participants about their level of concern with the government and business collecting certain categories of personal data. The results show that respondents had less concern with …