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2020

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Articles 3811 - 3840 of 4524

Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences

Blockchain Based End-To-End Tracking System For Distributed Iot Intelligence Application Security Enhancement, Lei Xu, Zhimin Gao, Xinxin Fan, Lin Chen, Hanyee Kim, Taeweon Suh, Weidong Shi Jan 2020

Blockchain Based End-To-End Tracking System For Distributed Iot Intelligence Application Security Enhancement, Lei Xu, Zhimin Gao, Xinxin Fan, Lin Chen, Hanyee Kim, Taeweon Suh, Weidong Shi

Computer Science Faculty Publications

IoT devices provide a rich data source that is not available in the past, which is valuable for a wide range of intelligence applications, especially deep neural network (DNN) applications that are data-thirsty. An established DNN model in turn provides useful analysis results that can improve the operation of IoT systems. The progress in distributed/federated DNN training further unleashes the potential of integration of IoT and intelligence applications. When a large number of IoT devices deployed in different physical locations, distributed training allows training modules to be deployed to multiple edge data centers that are close to the IoT devices …

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Design Strategies For User Interfaces In Virtual Reality Environments, Jennifer Maple Jan 2020

Design Strategies For User Interfaces In Virtual Reality Environments, Jennifer Maple

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The virtual reality market is rapidly increasing and is projected to drastically expand soon as more head-mounted displays are released to customers. These changes have made it more critical that organizations have adequate user interface strategies. Yet there is still a lack of research on how to design quality virtual reality user interfaces that result in positive user experiences. The purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to identify design strategies software developers use to create user interfaces for virtual reality environments. Constructionist and constructivist theories served as the conceptual frameworks. The participants consisted of 6 developers from 3 different …

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Strategies To Lower Security Risks Involving Medical Devices In Patient Care, Brittany Latonia Thigpen Jan 2020

Strategies To Lower Security Risks Involving Medical Devices In Patient Care, Brittany Latonia Thigpen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Insufficient security and design strategies used during the analysis phase of medical device software development can lead to possible cybersecurity vulnerabilities with patient data. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was to explore strategies software developers use to implement security measures to protect patient information collected, sent, and stored by medical devices. The population for this study included software developers whose primary focus was on the security aspect of medical software in three software companies in the Baton Rouge, LA, area. The data collection process included semistructured interviews with 10 software developers and reviewing 16 organizational documents. …

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Security Camera Using Raspberry Pi, Tejendra Khatri Jan 2020

Security Camera Using Raspberry Pi, Tejendra Khatri

Student Academic Conference

Making a security camera using raspberry pi utilizing OpenCV for facial recognition, upper body recognition or full-body recognition

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Improving Pain Management In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease Using Machine Learning Techniques, Fan Yang Jan 2020

Improving Pain Management In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease Using Machine Learning Techniques, Fan Yang

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited red blood cell disorder that can cause a multitude of complications throughout a patient's life. Pain is the most common complication and a significant cause of morbidity. Since pain is a highly subjective experience, both medical providers and patients express difficulty in determining ideal treatment and management strategies for pain. Therefore, the development of objective pain assessment and pain forecasting methods is critical to pain management in SCD. On the other hand, the rapidly increasing use of mobile health (mHealth) technology and wearable devices gives the ability to build a remote health intervention …

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Enabling Static Program Analysis Using A Graph Database, Jialun Liu Jan 2020

Enabling Static Program Analysis Using A Graph Database, Jialun Liu

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents the design, the implementation, and the evaluation of a database-oriented static program analysis engine for the PHP programming language. This engine analyzes PHP programs by representing their semantics using a graph-based data structure, which will be subsequently stored into a graph database. Such scheme will fundamentally facilitate various program analysis tasks such as static taint analysis, visualization, and data mining. Specifically, these complex program analysis tasks can now be translated into built-in declarative graph database operations with rich features. Our engine fundamentally differs from other existing static program analysis systems that mainly leverage intermediate representation (IRs) to …

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Health Risks Of E-Cigarettes: Analysis Of Twitter Data Using Topic Mining, Abdullah Wahbeh, Mohammad A. Al-Ramahi, Omar El-Gayar, Tareq Nasralah Jan 2020

Health Risks Of E-Cigarettes: Analysis Of Twitter Data Using Topic Mining, Abdullah Wahbeh, Mohammad A. Al-Ramahi, Omar El-Gayar, Tareq Nasralah

Computer Information Systems Faculty Publications (Archived)

The recent rise of e-cigarettes and vaping products has increased concerns that another young generation may become addicted to nicotine. Recently, it becomes evident that several health issues are related to the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products. The objective of this paper is to understand and identify such health issues by collecting and analyzing social media data. The analysis reflects the most important themes and topics discussed by online user’s about e-cigarettes, vaping, and associated health issues. Using topic modeling techniques, we were able to identify several health issues related to the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products. These …

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Internal Sorting Of Streaming Numbers Constrained By Limited Memory Size, Suluk Chaikhan Jan 2020

Internal Sorting Of Streaming Numbers Constrained By Limited Memory Size, Suluk Chaikhan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Due to technological advancements, data consumption is exponentially increasing. However, the size of memory storage increases linearly. Therefore, memory storage is insufficient to store big data. Besides, all existing sorting algorithms cannot sort big data in the memory storage with limited capacity, which is much smaller than the data size. Although external sorting algorithms can sort big data, they cannot keep a sorting result on limited memory storage. This dissertation proposed two new sorting algorithms to handle the sorting issue of streaming data in limited memory storage, namely, streaming data sort, and fast streaming data sort. Both sorting algorithms are …

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คลังข้อมูลและระบบสนับสนุนการตัดสินใจของธุรกิจบริการขนส่งทางทะเลสําหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ปิโตรเลียม, กฤติยา ถมยาบัตร Jan 2020

คลังข้อมูลและระบบสนับสนุนการตัดสินใจของธุรกิจบริการขนส่งทางทะเลสําหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ปิโตรเลียม, กฤติยา ถมยาบัตร

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การขนส่งสินค้าทางทะเลเป็นการขนส่งหลักที่คิดเป็นร้อยละ 90 - 95 จากการขนส่งทั่วโลก การให้บริการขนส่งผลิตภัณฑ์ปิโตรเลียมทางทะเลเป็นการขนส่งในประเภทการใช้เรือขนส่งสินค้าเหลว ประเภทเรือบรรทุกน้ำมัน (Oil Tankers) โดยให้บริการขนส่งแก่คู่ค้าธุรกิจโรงกลั่นน้ำมัน และผู้ค้าน้ำมันรายใหญ่เพื่อขนส่งสินค้า เช่น น้ำมันดิบ หรือ น้ำมันเบนซิน เป็นต้น สำนักงานพลังงานระหว่างประเทศ International Energy Agency (IEA) คาดการณ์ความต้องการใช้น้ำมันทั่วโลกจะเพิ่มขึ้นเป็น 104.7 ล้านบาร์เรลต่อวันในปี 2566 เพราะฉะนั้นจึงทำให้ธุรกิจการขนส่งน้ำมันเชื้อเพลิงทางทะเลเป็นที่ต้องการเพิ่มมากขึ้นและยังเป็นโอกาสทางธุรกิจอีกด้วย อย่างไรก็ตามธุรกิจการขนส่งผลิตภัณฑ์ปิโตรเลียมทางทะเลเป็นธุรกิจเฉพาะทางเพราะมีข้อกำหนดและความเสี่ยงที่เกี่ยวข้องกับธุรกิจหลายด้าน เช่น ความเสี่ยงจากความผันผวนของราคาน้ำมัน ซึ่งมีผลกระทบต่อต้นทุนและการดำเนินธุรกิจได้ โครงการ “คลังข้อมูลและระบบสนับสนุนการตัดสินใจของธุรกิจบริการขนส่งทางทะเลสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ปิโตรเลียม” นี้ประกอบด้วย 5 ระบบ ได้แก่ (1) ระบบวิเคราะห์ภาพรวมธุรกิจ (2) ระบบวิเคราะห์รายได้และกำไร (3) ระบบวิเคราะห์การควบคุมประสิทธิภาพการขนส่ง (4) ระบบวิเคราะห์การใช้งานเรือ และ (5) ระบบวิเคราะห์ลูกค้า ระบบได้ถูกพัฒนาขึ้นบนฐานข้อมูล Microsoft Azure SQL Database โดยใช้โปรแกรม Tableau Desktop 2020.3 ในการจัดทำระบบวิเคราะห์และแสดงผลข้อมูล ระบบสารสนเทศจากโครงการพิเศษนี้จะช่วยให้ผู้บริหารสามารถวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลในมุมมองต่าง ๆ ได้อย่างถูกต้อง

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Law, Artificial Intelligence, And Natural Language Processing: A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To My Search Results, Paul D. Callister Jan 2020

Law, Artificial Intelligence, And Natural Language Processing: A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To My Search Results, Paul D. Callister

Faculty Works

Renowned legal educator Roscoe Pound stated, “Law must be stable and yet it cannot stand still.” Yet, as Susan Nevelow Mart has demonstrated in a seminal article that the different online research services (Westlaw, Lexis Advance, Fastcase, Google Scholar, Ravel and Casetext) produce significantly different results when researching case law. Furthermore, a recent study of 325 federal courts of appeals decisions, revealed that only 16% of the cases cited in appellate briefs make it into the courts’ opinions. This does not exactly inspire confidence in legal research or its tools to maintain stability of the law. As Robert Berring foresaw, …

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Disaster Damage Categorization Applying Satellite Images And Machine Learning Algorithm, Farinaz Sabz Ali Pour, Adrian Gheorghe Jan 2020

Disaster Damage Categorization Applying Satellite Images And Machine Learning Algorithm, Farinaz Sabz Ali Pour, Adrian Gheorghe

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Special information has a significant role in disaster management. Land cover mapping can detect short- and long-term changes and monitor the vulnerable habitats. It is an effective evaluation to be included in the disaster management system to protect the conservation areas. The critical visual and statistical information presented to the decision-makers can help in mitigation or adaption before crossing a threshold. This paper aims to contribute in the academic and the practice aspects by offering a potential solution to enhance the disaster data source effectiveness. The key research question that the authors try to answer in this paper is how …

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Musical Cryptography Using Long Short-Term Memory Networks, Curtis Helsel Jan 2020

Musical Cryptography Using Long Short-Term Memory Networks, Curtis Helsel

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Musical cryptography is a technique in which plain text messages are enciphered into a musical composition. Recently, a surge of music composition by means of machine learning have produced natural-sounding music that can be deemed as composed by humans. The combination of machine-generated music and enciphering a message into the composition is a logical step in musical cryptography. Outlined in this thesis is a method that incorporates the use of a specific type of recurrent neural network, Long Short-Term Memory, and a variant of the substitution cipher to form of symmetric-key cryptography system. Exploration was also completed to determine how …

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Understanding The Challenges Child Welfare Workers Encounter Related To Promoting The Online Safety Of Foster Youth, Denielle Kirk L. Abaquita Jan 2020

Understanding The Challenges Child Welfare Workers Encounter Related To Promoting The Online Safety Of Foster Youth, Denielle Kirk L. Abaquita

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Foster care case managers are responsible for the wellbeing of foster youth in the foster care system. Teens (ages 13-17) in foster care are most vulnerable to serious risks, such as sex trafficking. Such risks have been heightened by the advent of internet-based technologies that connect foster youth with unsafe others at unprecedented frequency and speed. This thesis examines how case managers tackle the challenge of online safety as it relates to adolescents in the foster care system in the United States. I conducted 32 semi-structured interviews with case managers who worked with foster teens (ages 13-17) within the past …

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Co-Designing "Teenovate": An Intergenerational Online Safety Design Team, Arianna J. Davis Jan 2020

Co-Designing "Teenovate": An Intergenerational Online Safety Design Team, Arianna J. Davis

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The Socio-Technical Interaction Research (STIR) Lab at UCF intends to create a new participatory design program, called "Teenovate," where teenagers and adults work together to design technologies that keep teens safe online. Previous participatory design projects, however, commonly focus on younger children under the age of 13. Teens differ significantly from young children in how they develop, socialize, and perceive the world. To inform the design of Teenovate, so that their unique needs are appropriately met, we conducted a participatory design study with 21 teens using polls, open-ended response questions, and subsequent group discussions. The teens were intrigued by the …

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Analyzing And Detecting Internet Of Things Malware Using Residual Static Graph- And String-Based Artifacts, Hisham Alasmary Jan 2020

Analyzing And Detecting Internet Of Things Malware Using Residual Static Graph- And String-Based Artifacts, Hisham Alasmary

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become wider and adopted many features from social networks and mainly uses sensing devices technologies, causing a rapid increase in production and adoption. However, security and privacy are serious threats that users usually take precautions to protect their devices and information. Thus, understanding the security shortcomings at first stage will educate IoT users to protect their connected things. Understanding IoT software through analysis, comparison (with other types of malware), and detection (from benign IoT) is an essential problem to mitigate security threats. We focus on two central perspectives, the graph and string representations …

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Video Content Understanding Using Text, Amir Mazaheri Jan 2020

Video Content Understanding Using Text, Amir Mazaheri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The rise of the social media and video streaming industry provided us a plethora of videos and their corresponding descriptive information in the form of concepts (words) and textual video captions. Due to the mass amount of available videos and the textual data, today is the best time ever to study the Computer Vision and Machine Learning problems related to videos and text. In this dissertation, we tackle multiple problems associated with the joint understanding of videos and text. We first address the task of multi-concept video retrieval, where the input is a set of words as concepts, and the …

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Towards Robust Artificial Intelligence Systems, Sunny Raj Jan 2020

Towards Robust Artificial Intelligence Systems, Sunny Raj

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Adoption of deep neural networks (DNNs) into safety-critical and high-assurance systems has been hindered by the inability of DNNs to handle adversarial and out-of-distribution input. State-of-the-art DNNs misclassify adversarial input and give high confidence output for out-of-distribution input. We attempt to solve this problem by employing two approaches, first, by detecting adversarial input and, second, by developing a confidence metric that can indicate when a DNN system has reached its limits and is not performing to the desired specifications. The effectiveness of our method at detecting adversarial input is demonstrated against the popular DeepFool adversarial image generation method. On a …

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Explore And Design Novel Structures For More Efficient And Better Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, Min Wang Jan 2020

Explore And Design Novel Structures For More Efficient And Better Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, Min Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have achieved remarkable performance on visual recognition problems, and have been extensively adopted in real-world applications, such as Apple's Face ID security system, autonomous driving cars, and automatic image tagging in online album services. One major concern in the development of CNNs is that their computational complexity grows along with the increase in their accuracy. Therefore, there is a continuous demand to find the right balance between accuracy and complexity in the design of CNN models. This dissertation focuses on designing various novel structures to enhance the performance of CNNs and their efficiency. Our efforts fall …

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Equivariance And Invariance For Robust Unsupervised And Semi-Supervised Learning, Liheng Zhang Jan 2020

Equivariance And Invariance For Robust Unsupervised And Semi-Supervised Learning, Liheng Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Although there is a great success of applying deep learning on a wide variety of tasks, it heavily relies on a large amount of labeled training data, which could be hard to obtain in many real scenarios. To address this problem, unsupervised and semi-supervised learning emerge to take advantage of the plenty of cheap unlabeled data to improve the model generalization. In this dissertation, we claim that equivariant and invariance are two critical criteria to approach robust unsupervised and semi-supervised learning. The idea is as follows: the features of a robust model ought to be sufficiently informative and equivariant to …

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Navigating Immersive And Interactive Vr Environments With Connected 360° Panoramas, Samuel Cosgrove Jan 2020

Navigating Immersive And Interactive Vr Environments With Connected 360° Panoramas, Samuel Cosgrove

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Emerging research is expanding the idea of using 360-degree spherical panoramas of real-world environments for use in "360 VR" experiences beyond video and image viewing. However, most of these experiences are strictly guided, with few opportunities for interaction or exploration. There is a desire to develop experiences with cohesive virtual environments created with 360 VR that allow for choice in navigation, versus scripted experiences with limited interaction. Unlike standard VR with the freedom of synthetic graphics, there are challenges in designing appropriate user interfaces (UIs) for 360 VR navigation within the limitations of fixed assets. To tackle this gap, we …

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Stochastic Sampling And Machine Learning Techniques For Social Media State Production, Neda Hajiakhoond Bidoki Jan 2020

Stochastic Sampling And Machine Learning Techniques For Social Media State Production, Neda Hajiakhoond Bidoki

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The rise in the importance of social media platforms as communication tools has been both a blessing and a curse. For scientists, they offer an unparalleled opportunity to study human social networks. However, these platforms have also been used to propagate misinformation and hate speech with alarming velocity and frequency. The overarching aim of our research is to leverage the data from social media platforms to create and evaluate a high-fidelity, at-scale computational simulation of online social behavior which can provide a deep quantitative understanding of adversaries' use of the global information environment. Our hope is that this type of …

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Reconstruction Of Bacterial Strain Genomes From Shotgun Metagenomic Reads, Xin Li Jan 2020

Reconstruction Of Bacterial Strain Genomes From Shotgun Metagenomic Reads, Xin Li

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

It is necessary to study bacterial strains in environmental samples. The environmental samples are mixed DNA samples collected from the ocean, soil, lake, human body sites, etc. In a natural environment, they provide us new insights into the diversity of our earth. As for bacterial strains on or inside human bodies, to select the proper treatment for diseases caused by bacterial strains, it is critical to identify the corresponding strains and reconstruct their genomes. However, it is a challenge to do so with the DNA from a large number of unknown microbial species mixed together in an environmental sample. The …

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Deep Recurrent Networks For Gesture Recognition And Synthesis, Mehran Maghoumi Jan 2020

Deep Recurrent Networks For Gesture Recognition And Synthesis, Mehran Maghoumi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

It is hard to overstate the importance of gesture-based interfaces in many applications nowadays. The adoption of such interfaces stems from the opportunities they create for incorporating natural and fluid user interactions. This highlights the importance of having gesture recognizers that are not only accurate but also easy to adopt. The ever-growing popularity of machine learning has prompted many application developers to integrate automatic methods of recognition into their products. On the one hand, deep learning often tops the list of the most powerful and robust recognizers. These methods have been consistently shown to outperform all other machine learning methods …

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High Performance And Secure Execution Environments For Emerging Architectures, Mazen Alwadi Jan 2020

High Performance And Secure Execution Environments For Emerging Architectures, Mazen Alwadi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Energy-efficiency and performance have been the driving forces of system architectures and designers in the last century. Given the diversity of workloads and the significant performance and power improvements when running workloads on customized processing elements, system vendors are drifting towards new system architectures (e.g., FAM or HMM). Such architectures are being developed with the purpose of improving the system's performance, allow easier data sharing, and reduce the overall power consumption. Additionally, current computing systems suffer from a very wide attack surface, mainly due to the fact that such systems comprise of tens to hundreds of sub-systems that could be …

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Using Data Analytics To Filter Insincere Posts From Online Social Networks. A Case Study: Quora Insincere Questions, Mohammad A. Al-Ramahi, Izzat Alsmadi Jan 2020

Using Data Analytics To Filter Insincere Posts From Online Social Networks. A Case Study: Quora Insincere Questions, Mohammad A. Al-Ramahi, Izzat Alsmadi

Computer Information Systems Faculty Publications (Archived)

The internet in general and Online Social Networks (OSNs) in particular continue to play a significant role in our life where information is massively uploaded and exchanged. With such high importance and attention, abuses of such media of communication for different purposes are common. Driven by goals such as marketing and financial gains, some users use OSNs to post their misleading or insincere content. In this context, we utilized a real-world dataset posted by Quora in Kaggle.com to evaluate different mechanisms and algorithms to filter insincere and spam contents. We evaluated different preprocessing and analysis models. Moreover, we analyzed the …

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Unitary And Symmetric Structure In Deep Neural Networks, Kehelwala Dewage Gayan Maduranga Jan 2020

Unitary And Symmetric Structure In Deep Neural Networks, Kehelwala Dewage Gayan Maduranga

Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been successfully used on a wide range of sequential data problems. A well-known difficulty in using RNNs is the vanishing or exploding gradient problem. Recently, there have been several different RNN architectures that try to mitigate this issue by maintaining an orthogonal or unitary recurrent weight matrix. One such architecture is the scaled Cayley orthogonal recurrent neural network (scoRNN), which parameterizes the orthogonal recurrent weight matrix through a scaled Cayley transform. This parametrization contains a diagonal scaling matrix consisting of positive or negative one entries that can not be optimized by gradient descent. Thus the …

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Application Of The Benford’S Law To Social Bots And Information Operations Activities, Lale Madahali, Margeret Hall Jan 2020

Application Of The Benford’S Law To Social Bots And Information Operations Activities, Lale Madahali, Margeret Hall

Interdisciplinary Informatics Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

Benford's law shows the pattern of behavior in normal systems. It states that in natural systems digits' frequency have a certain pattern such that the occurrence of first digits in numbers are unevenly distributed. In systems with natural behavior, numbers begin with a “1” are more common than numbers beginning with “9”. It implies that if the distribution of first digits deviate from the expected distribution, it is indicative of fraud. It has many applications in forensic accounting, stock markets, finding abnormal data in survey data, and natural science. We investigate whether social media bots and Information Operations activities are …

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Technical Strategies Database Managers Use To Protect Systems From Security Breaches, Leonard Ogbonna Jan 2020

Technical Strategies Database Managers Use To Protect Systems From Security Breaches, Leonard Ogbonna

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Healthcare organizations generate massive amounts of data through their databases that may be vulnerable to data breaches due to extensive user privileges, unpatched databases, standardized query language injections, weak passwords/usernames, and system weaknesses. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore technical strategies database managers in Southeast/North Texas used to protect database systems from data breaches. The target population consisted of database managers from 2 healthcare organizations in this region. The integrated system theory of information security management was the conceptual framework. The data collection process included semistructured interviews with 9 database managers, including a review of …

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Strategies For Information Technology Employee Retention, Stephen Horton Jan 2020

Strategies For Information Technology Employee Retention, Stephen Horton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information technology (IT) employee retention is essential to IT departments tasked with supporting the goals and objectives of the organization. IT employees manage, support, and direct IT to drive business, pursue innovation, and create a competitive edge. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was to identify strategies that IT managers use to retain IT employees in order to support the goals and objectives of the IT organization. The population for this study consisted of 5 IT managers in the transportation industry. The IT managers selected for this study had subordinates and delegation duties and worked for employers …

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Strategies To Mitigate The Effects Of Identity Theft In The Hospitality Industry, Patricia Lee Jirsa Jan 2020

Strategies To Mitigate The Effects Of Identity Theft In The Hospitality Industry, Patricia Lee Jirsa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Leaders in the U.S. hospitality industry experience significant losses in profitability, increased mitigation cost, and reduced revenues because of business and consumer identity theft. Grounded in the fraud triangle theory and the fraud diamond theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore strategies leaders in the hospitality industry use to mitigate identity theft. A purposeful sample of 5 leaders of 5 different hospitality businesses in Montana participated in the study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, member checking, and a review of company documents. During data analysis using Yin’s 5-step process, 3 key themes emerged: a new …

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