Computer Sciences Commons^™

Balancing Security, Performance And Deployability In Encrypted Search, David Joel Pouliot

Dissertations and Theses

Encryption is an important tool for protecting data, especially data stored in the cloud. However, standard encryption techniques prevent efficient search. Searchable encryption attempts to solve this issue, protecting the data while still providing search functionality. Retaining the ability to search comes at a cost of security, performance and/or utility.

An important practical aspect of utility is compatibility with legacy systems. Unfortunately, the efficient searchable encryption constructions that are compatible with these systems have been proven vulnerable to attack, even against weaker adversary models.

The goal of this work is to address this security problem inherent with efficient, legacy compatible …

A Nwb-Based Dataset And Processing Pipeline Of Human Single-Neuron Activity During A Declarative Memory Task, N. Chandravadia, D. Liang, A. G. P. Schjetnan, A. Carlson, M. Faraut, J. M. Chung, C. M. Reed, B. Dichter, Uri Maoz, S. K. Kalia, T. A. Valiante, A. N. Mamelak, U. Rutishauser

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

A challenge for data sharing in systems neuroscience is the multitude of different data formats used. Neurodata Without Borders: Neurophysiology 2.0 (NWB:N) has emerged as a standardized data format for the storage of cellular-level data together with meta-data, stimulus information, and behavior. A key next step to facilitate NWB:N adoption is to provide easy to use processing pipelines to import/export data from/to NWB:N. Here, we present a NWB-formatted dataset of 1863 single neurons recorded from the medial temporal lobes of 59 human subjects undergoing intracranial monitoring while they performed a recognition memory task. We provide code to analyze and export/import …

W-Gun: Whale Optimization For Energy And Delay-Centric Green Underwater Networks, Rajkumar Singh Rathore, Houbing Song, Suman Sangwan, Sukriti Mazumdar, Omprakash Kaiwartya, Kabita Adhikari, Rupak Kharel

Publications

Underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) have witnessed significant R&D attention in both academia and industry due to their growing application domains, such as border security, freight via sea or river, natural petroleum production and the fishing industry. Considering the deep underwater-oriented access constraints, energy-centric communication for the lifetime maximization of tiny sensor nodes in UWSNs is one of the key research themes in this domain. Existing literature on green UWSNs are majorly adapted from the existing techniques in traditional wireless sensor network relying on geolocation and the quality of service-centric underwater relay node selection, without paying much attention to the dynamic …

Identification And Description Of Potentially Influential Social Network Members Using The Strategic Player Approach, Miles Q. Ott, Sara G. Balestrieri, Graham Diguiseppi, Melissa A. Clark, Michael Bernstein, Sarah Helseth, Nancy P. Barnett

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Diffusion of innovations theory posits that ideas and behaviors can be spread through social network ties. In intervention work, intervening upon certain network members may lead to intervention effects “diffusing” into the network to affect the behavior of network members who did not receive the intervention. The strategic players (SP) method, an extension of Borgatti’s Key Players approach, is used to balance the (sometimes) opposing goals of spreading the intervention to as many members of the target group as possible, while preventing the spread of the intervention to others. Objectives: We sought to test whether members of the SP …

Adaptive Real-Time Routing Protocol For (M,K)-Firm In Industrial Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks, Beom Su Kim, Sangdae Kim, Kyong Hoon Kim, Tae Eung Sung, Babar Shah, Ki Il Kim

All Works

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Many applications are able to obtain enriched information by employing a wireless multimedia sensor network (WMSN) in industrial environments, which consists of nodes that are capable of processing multimedia data. However, as many aspects of WMSNs still need to be refined, this remains a potential research area. An efficient application needs the ability to capture and store the latest information about an object or event, which requires real-time multimedia data to be delivered to the sink timely. Motivated to achieve this goal, we developed a new adaptive QoS routing protocol based …

Incorporating Digital Ethics Throughout The Software Development Process, Michael Collins, Damian Gordon, Anna Becevel, William O'Mahony

Conference papers

The media is reporting scandals associated with computer companies with increasing regularity; whether it is the misuse of user data, breach of privacy concerns, the use of biased artificial intelligence, or the problems of automated vehicles. Because of these complex issues, there is a growing need to equip computer science students with a deep appreciation of ethics, and to ensure that in the future they will develop computer systems that are ethically-based. One particularly useful strand of their education to incorporate ethics into is when teaching them about the formal approaches to developing computer systems.

There are a number of …

A New Ectotherm 3d Tracking And Behavior Analytics System Using A Depth-Based Approach With Color Validation, With Preliminary Data On Kihansi Spray Toad (Nectophrynoides Asperginis) Activity, Philip Bal, Damian Lyons, Avishai Shuter

Faculty Publications

The Kihansi spray toad (Nectophrynoides asperginis), classified as Extinct in the Wild by the IUCN, is being bred at the Wildlife Conservation Society’s (WCS) Bronx Zoo as part of an effort to successfully reintroduce the species into the wild. Thousands of toads live at the Bronx Zoo presenting an opportunity to learn more about their behaviors for the first time, at scale. It is impractical to perform manual observations for long periods of time. This paper reports on the development of a RGB-D tracking and analytics approach that allows researchers to accurately and efficiently gather information about the toads’ behavior. …

New (Simplified) Derivation Of Nash's Bargaining Solution, Nguyen Hoang Phuong, Laxman Bokati, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

According to the Nobelist John Nash, if a group of people wants to selects one of the alternatives in which all of them get a better deal than in a status quo situations, then they should select the alternative that maximizes the product of their utilities. In this paper, we provide a new (simplified) derivation of this result, a derivation which is not only simpler -- it also does not require that the preference relation between different alternatives be linear.

Towards Making Fuzzy Techniques More Adequate For Combining Knowledge Of Several Experts, Nguyen Hoang Phuong, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In medical and other applications, expert often use rules with several conditions, each of which involve a quantity within the domain of expertise of a different expert. In such situations, to estimate the degree of confidence that all these conditions are satisfied, we need to combine opinions of several experts -- i.e., in fuzzy techniques, combine membership functions corresponding to different experts. In each area of expertise, different experts may have somewhat different membership functions describing the same natural-language ("fuzzy") term like small. It is desirable to present the user with all possible conclusions corresponding to all these membership functions. …

Decision Making Under Interval Uncertainty: Towards (Somewhat) More Convincing Justifications For Hurwicz Optimism-Pessimism Approach, Warattaya Chinnakum, Laura Berrout Ramos, Olugbenga Iyiola, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In the ideal world, we know the exact consequences of each action. In this case, it is relatively straightforward to compare different possible actions and, as a result of this comparison, to select the best action. In real life, we only know the consequences with some uncertainty. A typical example is interval uncertainty, when we only know the lower and upper bounds on the expected gain. How can we compare such interval-valued alternatives? A usual way to compare such alternatives is to use the optimism-pessimism criterion developed by Nobelist Leo Hurwicz. In this approach, we maximize a weighted combination of …

Theoretical Explanation Of Recent Empirically Successful Code Quality Metrics, Vladik Kreinovich, Omar A. Masmali, Nguyen Hoang Phuong, Omar Badreddin

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Millions of lines of code are written every day, and it is not practically possible to perfectly thoroughly test all this code on all possible situations. In practice, we need to be able to separate codes which are more probable to contain bugs -- and which thus need to be tested more thoroughly -- from codes which are less probable to contain flaws. Several numerical characteristics -- known as code quality metrics -- have been proposed for this separation. Recently, a new efficient class of code quality metrics have been proposed, based on the idea to assign consequent integers to …

Quantum (And More General) Models Of Research Collaboration, Oscar Galindo, Miroslav Svitek, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In the last decades, several papers have shown that quantum techniques can be successful in describing not only events in the micro-scale physical world -- for which they were originally invented -- but also in describing social phenomena, e.g., different economic processes. In our previous paper, we provide an explanation for this somewhat surprising successes. In this paper, we extend this explanation and show that quantum (and more general) techniques can also be used to model research collaboration.

Digital Legacies For Digital Natives, Katie Goldstein

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

Our identities are becoming increasingly digital.As technology continues to advance and digital content begins to either encapsulate or provide the basis for much of our lives, it must also accommodate one's preference to highlight or conceal specific digital content post-mortem.This paper presents a summary of a two-term long study regarding the creation and implementation of a design prototype that allowed users the ability to aggregate and cultivate one's digital content, empowering users to control the narrative of their own legacies through the very medium that helped to create them - technology.Over the course of two ethnographic studies, I surveyed 20 …

Creating Worlds Of Endless Variety: An Evaluation Of Procedural Content Generation In Gaming, David Cole

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Today, video games are more ingrained in American society than they have ever been before. This entertainment medium has become more profitable than all television streaming services combined as well as the entire film industry in Hollywood. Playing video games, which was once considered a pastime, has become a career for many, with websites such as YouTube and Twitch hosting thousands of “let’s play” channels and various esports tournaments boasting six- or even seven-figure prize pools.

With the evident popularity and financial success of video games, radical changes to the game development process can carry a massive impact on society, …

Which Are The Correct Membership Functions? Correct "And"- And "Or"- Operations? Correct Defuzzification Procedure?, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Shahnaz Shahbazova

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Even in the 1990s, when many successful examples of fuzzy control appeared all the time, many users were somewhat reluctant to use fuzzy control. One of the main reasons for this reluctance was the perceived subjective character of fuzzy techniques -- for the same natural-language rules, different experts may select somewhat different membership functions and thus get somewhat different control/recommendation strategies. In this paper, we promote the idea that this selection does not have to be subjective. We can always select the "correct" membership functions, i.e., functions for which, on previously tested case, we got the best possible control. Similarly, …

Deal: Differentially Private Auction For Blockchain Based Microgrids Energy Trading, Muneeb Ul Hassan, Mubashir Husain Rehmani, Jinjun Chen

Publications

Modern smart homes are being equipped with certain renewable energy resources that can produce their own electric energy. From time to time, these smart homes or microgrids are also capable of supplying energy to other houses, buildings, or energy grid in the time of available self-produced renewable energy. Therefore, researches have been carried out to develop optimal trading strategies, and many recent technologies are also being used in combination with microgrids. One such technology is blockchain, which works over decentralized distributed ledger. In this paper, we develop a blockchain based approach for microgrid energy auction. To make this auction more …

Differential Privacy Techniques For Cyber Physical Systems: A Survey, Muneeb Ul Hassan, Mubashir Husain Rehmani, Jinjun Chen

Publications

Modern cyber physical systems (CPSs) has widely being used in our daily lives because of development of information and communication technologies (ICT).With the provision of CPSs, the security and privacy threats associated to these systems are also increasing. Passive attacks are being used by intruders to get access to private information of CPSs. In order to make CPSs data more secure, certain privacy preservation strategies such as encryption, and k-anonymity have been presented in the past. However, with the advances in CPSs architecture, these techniques also need certain modifications. Meanwhile, differential privacy emerged as an efficient technique to protect CPSs …

Scale-Invariance And Fuzzy Techniques Explain The Empirical Success Of Inverse Distance Weighting And Of Dual Inverse Distance Weighting In Geosciences, Laxman Bokati, Aaron A. Velasco, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Once we measure the values of a physical quantity at certain spatial locations, we need to interpolate these values to estimate the value of this quantity at other locations x. In geosciences, one of the most widely used interpolation techniques is inverse distance weighting, when we combine the available measurement results with the weights inverse proportional to some power of the distance from x to the measurement location. This empirical formula works well when measurement locations are uniformly distributed, but it leads to biased estimates otherwise. To decrease this bias, researchers recently proposed a more complex dual inverse distance weighting …

How To Combine (Dis)Utilities Of Different Aspects Into A Single (Dis)Utility Value, And How This Is Related To Geometric Images Of Happiness, Laxman Bokati, Nguyen Hoang Phuong, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical situations, a user needs our help in selecting the best out of a large number of alternatives. To be able to help, we need to understand the user's preferences. In decision theory, preferences are described by numerical values known as utilities. It is often not feasible to ask to user to provide utilities of all possible alternatives, so we must be able to estimate these utilities based on utilities of different aspects of these alternatives. In this paper, we provide a general formula for combining utilities of aspects into a single utility value. The resulting formula …

How To Describe Conditions Like 2-Out-Of-5 In Fuzzy Logic: A Neural Approach, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many medical applications, we diagnose a disease and/or apply a certain remedy if, e.g., two out of five conditions are satisfied. In the fuzzy case, i.e., when we only have certain degrees of confidence that each of n statement is satisfied, how do we estimate the degree of confidence that k out of n conditions are satisfied? In principle, we can get this estimate if we use the usual methodology of applying fuzzy techniques: we represent the desired statement in terms of "and" and "or", and use fuzzy analogues of these logical operations. The problem with this approach is …

Does A Computer Science Graduation Requirement Contribute To Increased Enrollment In Advanced Computer Science Coursework?, Steven Mcgee, Randi Mcgee-Tekula, Jennifer Duck, Lucia Dettori, Ronald I. Greenberg, Andrew M. Rasmussen, Erica Wheeler, Adam Shelton

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Prior research has shown that students pursuing Exploring Computer Science (ECS) as their first elective course were more likely to pursue another computer science course in high school, as compared to students who took a traditional course as the first course. This study investigated whether the results are consistent when students are pursuing ECS to fulfill the Chicago Public Schools' graduation requirement. ECS is designed to foster deep engagement through equitable inquiry around computer science concepts. It is hypothesized that students who are fulfilling a graduation requirement will pursue additional computer science coursework at rates similar to students who were …

A Virtual Machine Introspection Based Multi-Service, Multi-Architecture, High-Interaction Honeypot For Iot Devices, Cory A. Nance

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

Internet of Things (IoT) devices are quickly growing in adoption. The use case for IoT devices runs the gamut from household applications (such as toasters, lighting, and thermostats) to medical, battlefield, or Industrial Control System (ICS) applications used in life or death situations. A disturbing trend is that for IoT devices is that they are not developed with security in mind. This lack of security has led to the creation of massive botnets that conduct nefarious acts. A clear understanding of the threat landscape IoT devices face is needed to address these security issues. One technique used to understand threats …

Mobile Identity, Credential, And Access Management Framework, Peggy Renee Carnley

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

Organizations today gather unprecedented quantities of data from their operations. This data is coming from transactions made by a person or from a connected system/application. From personal devices to industry including government, the internet has become the primary means of modern communication, further increasing the need for a method to track and secure these devices. Protecting the integrity of connected devices collecting data is critical to ensure the trustworthiness of the system. An organization must not only know the identity of the users on their networks and have the capability of tracing the actions performed by a user but they …

Iot-Hass: A Framework For Protecting Smart Home Environment, Tarig Mudawi

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

While many solutions have been proposed for smart home security, the problem that no single solution fully protects the smart home environment still exists. In this research we propose a security framework to protect the smart home environment. The proposed framework includes three engines that complement each other to protect the smart home IoT devices. The first engine is an IDS/IPS module that monitors all traffic in the home network and then detects, alerts users, and/or blocks packets using anomaly-based detection. The second engine works as a device management module that scans and verifies IoT devices in the home network, …

Network Traffic Analysis Framework For Cyber Threat Detection, Meshesha K. Cherie

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

The growing sophistication of attacks and newly emerging cyber threats requires advanced cyber threat detection systems. Although there are several cyber threat detection tools in use, cyber threats and data breaches continue to rise. This research is intended to improve the cyber threat detection approach by developing a cyber threat detection framework using two complementary technologies, search engine and machine learning, combining artificial intelligence and classical technologies.

In this design science research, several artifacts such as a custom search engine library, a machine learning-based engine and different algorithms have been developed to build a new cyber threat detection framework based …

Intelegjenca Artificiale Në Big Data, Betina Hyseni

Theses and Dissertations

Të gjitha të dhënat në botë, duke filluar nga të dhënat më të thjeshta të shkruara në letër e deri tek të dhënat më të ndërlikuara që i posedojnë industritë e ndryshme kanë qenë pjesë e Big Data para se të kuptonin se ajo ekzistonte. Të dhënat rriten vazhdimisht dhe është shumë e vështirë që ti përdorim secilën prej tyre.

Të gjitha këto të dhëna përmbajnë në vete një informacion të vlefshëm që do ti ndihmonte një individi apo industrive përkatëse të marrin vendime të rëndësishme afat-shkurta apo afat-gjata. Kur kemi të bëjmë me të dhëna të mëdha dhe të …

Detektimi I Animit Politik Përmes Uebit Semantik Duke Përdorur Analizën E Sentimenteve, Dea Macula

Theses and Dissertations

Shfaqja e uebit 2.0 ka ndryshuar drastikisht mënyrën se si përdoruesit perceptojnë Internetin, duke përmirësuar shkëmbimin e informacionit, bashkëpunimin dhe ndërveprimin. Një pjesë e rëndësishme e punës sonë për mbledhjen e informacioneve ka qenë për të zbuluar se çfarë mendojnë individët tjerë me informacionet që ata i shpërndajnë. Me rritjen dhe popullaritetin e burimeve të pasura me opinione, siç janë faqet në Internet dhe blogjet personale, lindin mundësi dhe sfida të reja për njerëzit që të përdorin teknologjitë e informacionit për të kërkuar dhe kuptuar mendimet e të tjerëve. Popullariteti i papritur i aktivitetit në fushën e kërkimit të opinionit …

Klasifikimi I Imazheve Në Machine Learning Duke Përdorur Javascript, Endrit Kryeziu

Theses and Dissertations

Synimi kryesor i intelegjencës artificiale është të ndërtohet një makinë e cila mund të imitoj intelegjencën e njeriut. Për nga shkalla e vështirësisë është sikur të arrihet të eksplorohet i gjithë universi. Është e vështirë të parashikohet e ardhmja kur e dijmë se intelegjenca artificiale ekziston që nga viti 1950, por vetëm vitet e fundit ka filluar të diskutohet për të. Edhe web si platformë po bën përparim të madh, duke ju mundësuar zhvilluesve t’i përdorin këto teknologji. Ekzistojnë shumë librari dhe framework disa prej të cilave janë zhvilluar nga Google dhe Facebook. Përdorimin e tyre e gjejmë në vende …

Zhvillimi Dhe Performanca E Restful Api-Ve Në Asp.Net Core Dhe Nodejs Me Mongodb Si Nosql Bazë Të Dhënash, Endrit Shkodra

Theses and Dissertations

Zhvillimi i teknologjive në fushën e zhvillimit të aplikacioneve softuerike është shumë i shpejtë, e ndërkaq kemi shumë teknologji të cilat mund të përdoren për ofrimin e një zgjidhje. Kjo shpeshherë krijon huti te inxhinierët dhe zhvilluesit e aplikacioneve softuerike duke mos ditur se cila nga teknologjitë do të mundësonte një zgjidhje më të shpejtë, të lehtë, të sigurtë dhe gjithashtu me përformancë të mirë. Të gjitha teknologjitë e reja synim kryesorë e kanë zhvillimin e shpejtë me performancë të mirë dhe të sigurtë. Nuk është e thënë që një teknologji është e mirë në zgjidhjen e të gjitha problemeve. …

Domain Adaptation For Vehicle Detection In Traffic Surveillance Images From Daytime To Nighttime, Jinlong Ji, Zhigang Xu, Hongkai Yu, Lan Fu, Xuesong Zhou

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Vehicle detection in traffic surveillance images is an important approach to obtain vehicle data and rich traffic flow parameters. Recently, deep learning based methods have been widely used in vehicle detection with high accuracy and efficiency. However, deep learning based methods require a large number of manually labeled ground truths (bounding box of each vehicle in each image) to train the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). In the modern urban surveillance cameras, there are already many manually labeled ground truths in daytime images for training CNN, while there are little or much less manually labeled ground truths in nighttime images. In …