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2019

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Articles 1291 - 1320 of 3906

Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences

”Cyberworld” As A Theme For A University-Wide First-Year Common Course, Kristen Przyborski, Frank Breitinger, Lauren Beck, Ronald S. Harichandran Jun 2019

”Cyberworld” As A Theme For A University-Wide First-Year Common Course, Kristen Przyborski, Frank Breitinger, Lauren Beck, Ronald S. Harichandran

Engineering and Applied Science Education Faculty Publications

Nowadays we all live in a cyber world and use the internet for emailing, banking, streaming video, shopping, reading news, or other activities. Given all the time people spend online, it is important that all students (regardless of their major) learn some basics about living in a cyber world, e.g., strategies for online safety, impact of artificial intelligence, digital forensics or ancestry.com. To facilitate students from many majors to learn about important issues related to the internet, eight faculty from a variety of disciplines at the University of New Haven integrated the theme of Cyber World into our team-taught, first-year …

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An Experimental Evaluation Of The 6top Protocol For Industrial Iot Applications, Francesca Righetti, Carlo Vallati, Sajal K. Das, Giuseppe Anastasi Jun 2019

An Experimental Evaluation Of The 6top Protocol For Industrial Iot Applications, Francesca Righetti, Carlo Vallati, Sajal K. Das, Giuseppe Anastasi

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The IETF is currently defining the 6TiSCH architecture for the Industrial Internet of Things to provide reliable and timely communication. 6TiSCH includes a distributed management mode, in which network resources are computed autonomously by nodes and allocated in a cooperative way. Specifically, nodes use the 6top protocol to negotiate network resources with their neighbors. In this paper, we investigate the performance of 6top protocol through a set of experimental measurements on a testbed. We show that the time required to complete a 6top transaction in a real environment is not negligible, as often assumed in many studies. In addition, a …

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Forecasting Building Energy Consumption With Deep Learning: A Sequence To Sequence Approach, Ljubisa Sehovac, Cornelius Nesen, Katarina Grolinger Jun 2019

Forecasting Building Energy Consumption With Deep Learning: A Sequence To Sequence Approach, Ljubisa Sehovac, Cornelius Nesen, Katarina Grolinger

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Energy Consumption has been continuously increasing due to the rapid expansion of high-density cities, and growth in the industrial and commercial sectors. To reduce the negative impact on the environment and improve sustainability, it is crucial to efficiently manage energy consumption. Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including widely used smart meters, have created possibilities for energy monitoring as well as for sensor based energy forecasting. Machine learning algorithms commonly used for energy forecasting such as feedforward neural networks are not well-suited for interpreting the time dimensionality of a signal. Consequently, this paper uses Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to capture time …

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How To Use Quantum Computing To Check Which Inputs Are Relevant: A Proof That Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm Is, In Effect, The Only Possibility, Vladik Kreinovich, Martine Ceberio, Ricardo Alvarez Jun 2019

How To Use Quantum Computing To Check Which Inputs Are Relevant: A Proof That Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm Is, In Effect, The Only Possibility, Vladik Kreinovich, Martine Ceberio, Ricardo Alvarez

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

One of the main reasons why computations -- in particular, engineering computations -- take long is that, to be on the safe side, models take into account all possible affecting features, most of which turn out to be not really relevant for the corresponding physical problem. From this viewpoint, it is desirable to find out which inputs are relevant. In general, the problem of checking the input's relevancy is itself NP-hard, which means, crudely speaking, that no feasible algorithm can always solve it. Thus, it is desirable to speed up this checking as much as possible. One possible way to …

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Intuitive Idea Of Implication Vs. Formal Definition: How To Define The Corresponding Degree, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich Jun 2019

Intuitive Idea Of Implication Vs. Formal Definition: How To Define The Corresponding Degree, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Formal implication does not capture the intuitive idea of "if A then B", since in formal implication, every two true statements -- even completely unrelated ones -- imply each other. A more adequate description of intuitive implication happens if we consider how much the use of A can shorten a derivation of B. At first glance, it may seem that the number of bits by which we shorten this derivation is a reasonable degree of implication, but we show that this number is not in good accordance with our intuition, and that a natural formalization of this intuition leads to …

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A Study On The Mental Health Of Women In The Csse Department Of California Polytechnic State University, Sophia Lao, Gabriella Garcia Nobili Jun 2019

A Study On The Mental Health Of Women In The Csse Department Of California Polytechnic State University, Sophia Lao, Gabriella Garcia Nobili

Computer Science and Software Engineering

The goal of this paper is to explore the perceived effect that the Computer Science Curriculum has on the mental health of female students. To discover these effects we conducted 50 interviews over a period of several months with the female students of the Computer Science and Software Engineering (CSSE) department at California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo. The total amount of Computer Science (CSC) majors at this institution is approximately 680, with 150 of them being female, so we were able to gather responses from 33.3% of the female CSC students from our interviews. It is worth …

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Enhancing The Study Of Art History Utilizing Computational Thinking: Focus, Abstraction In Art (Modern), Douglas L. Moody, Sandra Cheng Jun 2019

Enhancing The Study Of Art History Utilizing Computational Thinking: Focus, Abstraction In Art (Modern), Douglas L. Moody, Sandra Cheng

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

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Changes On Cran, Kurt Hornik, Uwe Ligges, Achim Zeileis Jun 2019

Changes On Cran, Kurt Hornik, Uwe Ligges, Achim Zeileis

The R Journal

In the past 8 months, 1524 new packages were added to the CRAN package repository. 71 packages were unarchived and 302 were archived. The following shows the growth of the number of active packages in the CRAN package repository:

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R Foundation News, Torsten Hothorn Jun 2019

R Foundation News, Torsten Hothorn

The R Journal

Membership fees and donations received between 2019-01-07 and 2019-09-04

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Ciuupi: An R Package For Computing Confidence Intervals That Utilize Uncertain Prior Information, Mainzer Kabaila, Paul Kabaila Jun 2019

Ciuupi: An R Package For Computing Confidence Intervals That Utilize Uncertain Prior Information, Mainzer Kabaila, Paul Kabaila

The R Journal

We have created the R package ciuupi to compute confidence intervals that utilize uncertain prior information in linear regression. Unlike post-model-selection confidence intervals, the confidence interval that utilizes uncertain prior information (CIUUPI) implemented in this package has, to an excellent approximation, coverage probability throughout the parameter space that is very close to the desired minimum coverage probability. Furthermore, when the uncertain prior information is correct, the CIUUPI is, on average, shorter than the standard confidence interval constructed using the full linear regression model. In this paper we provide motivating examples of scenarios where the CIUUPI may be used. We then …

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R Package For Geometric Shadow Calculations In An Urban Environment, Michael Dorman, Evyatar Erell, Adi Vulkan, Itai Kloog Jun 2019

R Package For Geometric Shadow Calculations In An Urban Environment, Michael Dorman, Evyatar Erell, Adi Vulkan, Itai Kloog

The R Journal

This paper introduces the shadow package for R. The package provides functions for shadow-related calculations in the urban environment, namely shadow height, shadow footprint and Sky View Factor (SVF) calculations, as well as a wrapper function to estimate solar radiation while taking shadow effects into account. All functions operate on a layer of polygons with a height attribute, also known as “extruded polygons” or 2.5D vector data. Such data are associated with accuracy limitations in representing urban environments. However, unlike 3D models, polygonal layers of building outlines along with their height are abundantly available and their processing does not require …

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Indoor Positioning And Fingerprinting: The R Package Ipft, Emilio Sansano, Raúl Montoliu, Óscar Belmonte, Joaquín Torres-Sospedra Jun 2019

Indoor Positioning And Fingerprinting: The R Package Ipft, Emilio Sansano, Raúl Montoliu, Óscar Belmonte, Joaquín Torres-Sospedra

The R Journal

Methods based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) fingerprinting are in the forefront among several techniques being proposed for indoor positioning. This paper introduces the R package ipft, which provides algorithms and utility functions for indoor positioning using fingerprinting techniques. These functions are designed for manipulation of RSSI fingerprint data sets, estimation of positions, comparison of the performance of different positioning models, and graphical visualization of data. Well-known machine learning algorithms are implemented in this package to perform analysis and estimations over RSSI data sets. The paper provides a description of these algorithms and functions, as well as examples of …

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Time-Series Clustering In R Using The Dtwclust Package, Alexis Sardá-Espinosa Jun 2019

Time-Series Clustering In R Using The Dtwclust Package, Alexis Sardá-Espinosa

The R Journal

Most clustering strategies have not changed considerably since their initial definition. The common improvements are either related to the distance measure used to assess dissimilarity, or the function used to calculate prototypes. Time-series clustering is no exception, with the Dynamic Time Warping distance being particularly popular in that context. This distance is computationally expensive, so many related optimizations have been developed over the years. Since no single clustering algorithm can be said to perform best on all datasets, different strategies must be tested and compared, so a common infrastructure can be advantageous. In this manuscript, a general overview of shape-based …

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Editorial, Norm Matloff Jun 2019

Editorial, Norm Matloff

The R Journal

On behalf of the Editorial Board, I am pleased to present Volume 10, Issue 1 of the R Journal. This issue contains 36 contributed articles. The majority of which cover new or newly enhanced packages on CRAN.

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Optimization Routines For Enforcing One-To-One Matches In Record Linkage Problems, Diego Moretti, Luca Valentino, Tiziana Tuoto Jun 2019

Optimization Routines For Enforcing One-To-One Matches In Record Linkage Problems, Diego Moretti, Luca Valentino, Tiziana Tuoto

The R Journal

Record linkage aims at quickly and accurately identifying if two records represent the same real world entity. In many applications, we are interested in restricting the linkage results to "1 to 1" links, that is a single record does not appear more than once in the output. This can be dealt with the transport algorithm. The optimization problem, however, grows quadratically in the size of the input, quickly becoming untreatable for cases with a few thousand records. This paper compares different solutions, provided by some R packages for linear programming solvers. The comparison is done in terms of memory usage …

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Robustgasp: Robust Gaussian Stochastic Process Emulation In R, Mengyang Gu, Jesus Palomo, James O. Berger Jun 2019

Robustgasp: Robust Gaussian Stochastic Process Emulation In R, Mengyang Gu, Jesus Palomo, James O. Berger

The R Journal

Gaussian stochastic process (GaSP) emulation is a powerful tool for approximating computationally intensive computer models. However, estimation of parameters in the GaSP emulator is a challenging task. No closed-form estimator is available and many numerical problems arise with standard estimates, e.g., the maximum likelihood estimator. In this package, we implement a marginal posterior mode estimator, for special priors and parameterizations. This estimation method that meets the robust parameter estimation criteria was discussed in Gu et al. (2018); mathematical reasons are provided therein to explain why robust parameter estimation can greatly improve predictive performance of the emulator. In addition, inert inputs …

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Mixedsde: A Package To Fit Mixed Stochastic Differential Equations, Charlotte Dion, Simone Hermann, Adeline Samson Jun 2019

Mixedsde: A Package To Fit Mixed Stochastic Differential Equations, Charlotte Dion, Simone Hermann, Adeline Samson

The R Journal

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are useful to model continuous stochastic processes. When (independent) repeated temporal data are available, variability between the trajectories can be modeled by introducing random effects in the drift of the SDEs. These models are useful to analyze neuronal data, crack length data, pharmacokinetics, financial data, to cite some applications among other. The R package focuses on the estimation of SDEs with linear random effects in the drift. The goal is to estimate the common density of the random effects from repeated discrete observations of the SDE. The package mixedsde proposes three estimation methods: a Bayesian parametric, …

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Atable: Create Tables For Clinical Trial Reports, Armin Ströbel Jun 2019

Atable: Create Tables For Clinical Trial Reports, Armin Ströbel

The R Journal

Examining distributions of variables is the first step in the analysis of a clinical trial before more specific modelling can begin. Reporting these results to stakeholders of the trial is an essential part of a statistician’s work. The atable package facilitates these steps by offering easy-to-use but still flexible functions.

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Fclust: An R Package For Fuzzy Clustering, Maria Brigida Ferraro, Paolo Giordani, Alessio Serafini Jun 2019

Fclust: An R Package For Fuzzy Clustering, Maria Brigida Ferraro, Paolo Giordani, Alessio Serafini

The R Journal

Fuzzy clustering methods discover fuzzy partitions where observations can be softly assigned to more than one cluster. The package fclust is a toolbox for fuzzy clustering in the R programming language. It not only implements the widely used fuzzy k-means (FkM) algorithm, but also many FkM variants. Fuzzy cluster similarity measures, cluster validity indices and cluster visualization tools are also offered. In the current version, all the functions are rewritten in the C++ language allowing their application in large-size problems. Moreover, new fuzzy relational clustering algorithms for partitioning qualitative/mixed data are provided together with an improved version of the so-called …

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Mdfs: Multidimensional Feature Selection In R, Radosław Piliszek, Krzysztof Mnich, Szymon Migacz, Paweł Tabaszewski, Andrzej Sułecki, Aneta Polewko-Klim, Witold Rudnicki Jun 2019

Mdfs: Multidimensional Feature Selection In R, Radosław Piliszek, Krzysztof Mnich, Szymon Migacz, Paweł Tabaszewski, Andrzej Sułecki, Aneta Polewko-Klim, Witold Rudnicki

The R Journal

Identification of informative variables in an information system is often performed using simple one-dimensional filtering procedures that discard information about interactions between variables. Such an approach may result in removing some relevant variables from consideration. Here we present an R package MDFS (MultiDimensional Feature Selection) that performs identification of informative variables taking into account synergistic interactions between multiple descriptors and the decision variable. MDFS is an implementation of an algorithm based on information theory (Mnich and Rudnicki, 2017). The computational kernel of the package is implemented in C++. A high-performance version implemented in CUDA C is also available. The application …

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Connecting R With D3 For Dynamic Graphics, To Explore Multivariate Data With Tours, Michael Kipp, Ursula Laa, Dianne Cook Jun 2019

Connecting R With D3 For Dynamic Graphics, To Explore Multivariate Data With Tours, Michael Kipp, Ursula Laa, Dianne Cook

The R Journal

The tourr package in R has several algorithms and displays for showing multivariate data as a sequence of low-dimensional projections. It can display as a movie but has no capacity for interaction, such as stop/go, change tour type, drop/add variables. The tourrGui package provides these sorts of controls, but the interface is programmed with the dated RGtk2 package. This work explores using custom messages to pass data from R to D3 for viewing, using the Shiny framework. This is an approach that can be generally used for creating all sorts of interactive graphics.

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Matching With Clustered Data: The Cmatching Package In R, Massimo Cannas, Bruno Arpino Jun 2019

Matching With Clustered Data: The Cmatching Package In R, Massimo Cannas, Bruno Arpino

The R Journal

Matching is a well known technique to balance covariates distribution between treated and control units in non-experimental studies. In many fields, clustered data are a very common occurrence in the analysis of observational data and the clustering can add potentially interesting information. Matching algorithms should be adapted to properly exploit the hierarchical structure. In this article we present the CMatching package implementing matching algorithms for clustered data. The package provides functions for obtaining a matched dataset along with estimates of most common parameters of interest and model-based standard errors. A propensity score matching analysis, relating math proficiency with homework completion …

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Identifying And Testing Recursive Vs. Interdependent Links In Simultaneous Equation Models Via The Sire Package, Gianmarco Vacca, Maria Grazia Zoia Jun 2019

Identifying And Testing Recursive Vs. Interdependent Links In Simultaneous Equation Models Via The Sire Package, Gianmarco Vacca, Maria Grazia Zoia

The R Journal

Simultaneous equation models (SEMs) are composed of relations which either represent unidirectional links, which entail a causal interpretation, or bidirectional links, due to feedback loops, which lead to the notion of interdependence. The issue is of prominent interest in several respects. Investigating the causal structure of a SEM, on the one hand, brings to light the theoretical assumptions behind the model and, on the other hand, pilots the choice of the befitting estimation method and of which policy to implement. This paper provides an operational method to distinguish causal relations from interdependent ones in SEMs, such as macro-econometric models, models …

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Rssampling: A Pioneering Package For Ranked Set Sampling, Busra Sevinc, Bekir Cetintav, Melek Esemen, Selma Gurler Jun 2019

Rssampling: A Pioneering Package For Ranked Set Sampling, Busra Sevinc, Bekir Cetintav, Melek Esemen, Selma Gurler

The R Journal

Ranked set sampling (RSS) is an advanced data collection method when the exact measurement of an observation is difficult and/or expensive used in a number of research areas, e.g., environment, bioinformatics, ecology, etc. In this method, random sets are drawn from a population and the units in sets are ranked with a ranking mechanism which is based on a visual inspection or a concomitant variable. Because of the importance of working with a good design and easy analysis, there is a need for a software tool which provides sampling designs and statistical inferences based on RSS and its modifications. This …

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Title: Ipwerrory: An R Package For Estimation Of Average Treatment Effect With Misclassified Binary Outcome, Di Shu, Grace Y. Yi Jun 2019

Title: Ipwerrory: An R Package For Estimation Of Average Treatment Effect With Misclassified Binary Outcome, Di Shu, Grace Y. Yi

The R Journal

It has been well documented that ignoring measurement error may result in severely biased inference results. In recent years, there has been limited but increasing research on causal inference with measurement error. In the presence of misclassified binary outcome variable, Shu and Yi (2017) considered the inverse probability weighted estimation of the average treatment effect and proposed valid estimation methods to correct for misclassification effects for various settings. To expedite the application of those methods for situations where misclassification in the binary outcome variable is a real concern, we implement correction methods proposed by Shu and Yi (2017) and develop …

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Semicomprisks: An R Package For The Analysis Of Independent And Cluster-Correlated Semi-Competing Risks Data, Danilo Alvares, Sebastien Haneuse, Catherine Lee, Kyu Ha Lee Jun 2019

Semicomprisks: An R Package For The Analysis Of Independent And Cluster-Correlated Semi-Competing Risks Data, Danilo Alvares, Sebastien Haneuse, Catherine Lee, Kyu Ha Lee

The R Journal

Semi-competing risks refer to the setting where primary scientific interest lies in estimation and inference with respect to a non-terminal event, the occurrence of which is subject to a terminal event. In this paper, we present the R package SemiCompRisks that provides functions to perform the analysis of independent/clustered semi-competing risks data under the illness-death multi-state model. The package allows the user to choose the specification for model components from a range of options giving users substantial flexibility, including: accelerated failure time or proportional hazards regression models; parametric or non-parametric specifications for baseline survival functions; parametric or non-parametric specifications for …

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R News, R Core Team Jun 2019

R News, R Core Team

The R Journal

CHANGES IN R 3.6.1

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Fixed Point Acceleration In R, Stuart Baumann, Margaryta Klymak Jun 2019

Fixed Point Acceleration In R, Stuart Baumann, Margaryta Klymak

The R Journal

t A fixed point problem is one where we seek a vector, X, for a function, f, such that f(X) = X. The solution of many such problems can be accelerated by using a fixed point acceleration algorithm. With the release of the FixedPoint package there is now a number of algorithms available in R that can be used for accelerating the finding of a fixed point of a function. These algorithms include Newton acceleration, Aitken acceleration and Anderson acceleration as well as epsilon extrapolation methods and minimal polynomial methods. This paper demonstrates the use of fixed point accelerators in …

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Nowcasting: An R Package For Predicting Economic Variables Using Dynamic Factor Models, Serge De Valk, Daiane De Mattos, Pedro Ferreira Jun 2019

Nowcasting: An R Package For Predicting Economic Variables Using Dynamic Factor Models, Serge De Valk, Daiane De Mattos, Pedro Ferreira

The R Journal

The nowcasting package provides the tools to make forecasts of monthly or quarterly economic variables using dynamic factor models. The objective is to help the user at each step of the forecasting process, starting with the construction of a database, all the way to the interpretation of the forecasts. The dynamic factor model adopted in this package is based on the articles from Giannone et al. (2008) and Banbura et al. (2011). Although there exist several other dynamic factor model packages available for R, ours provides an environment to easily forecast economic variables and interpret results.

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Unival: An Fa-Based R Package For Assessing Essential Unidimensionality Using External Validity Information, Pere J. Ferrando, Urbano Lorenzo-Seva, David Navarro-Gonzalez Jun 2019

Unival: An Fa-Based R Package For Assessing Essential Unidimensionality Using External Validity Information, Pere J. Ferrando, Urbano Lorenzo-Seva, David Navarro-Gonzalez

The R Journal

The unival package is designed to help researchers decide between unidimensional and correlated-factors solutions in the factor analysis of psychometric measures. The novelty of the approach is its use of external information, in which multiple factor scores and general factor scores are related to relevant external variables or criteria. The unival package’s implementation comes from a series of procedures put forward by Ferrando and Lorenzo-Seva (2019) and new methodological developments proposed in this article. We assess models fitted using unival by means of a simulation study extending the results obtained in the original proposal. Its usefulness is also assessed through …

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